
Class __rj^_l 



CflESRIGHT DEPOSfR 




William Alexander, Earl of Stirling 
(From Caw's Scottish Gallery) 



HISTORY 

OF THE 

TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

(East of Canoe Place) 



BY 

JAMES T-RUSLOW ADAMS, M. A. 



HA.MPXON PRESS 

BRIDGEHAMPTON. L. 1. 

1918 



SI 



A^ 



Copyright by 

James Truslow Adams 

1018. 




BSIDOE HAMPTON, 



CFR -I- 1918 



©CI.A4921on 



/I. .TV \ 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



List of Illustrations 

References 

Preface 

Chap. I. 

Chap. II. 

Chap. III. 
Chap. IV. 
Chap. V. 
Chap. VI. 
Chap. VII. 
Chap. VIII 
Chap. IX. 
Chap. X. 
Chap. XI. 
Chap. XII. 
Appendices 
Index 



Land, Geological History, Climate, Animals, etc. 

The Indians 

The Coming of the English 

Growth and Expansion to 1700 

Government and Social Life 

Pirates and Other Eighteenth Century Matters 

Early Commerce and the Founding of Sag Harbor 

The Revolution .... 

The War of 1812 . 

Early Nineteenth Century 

Growth and Dacline of the Whaling lalustry 

Conclusion 



V 
IX 

XIX 

1 

21 

43 

68 

94 

122 

140 

165 

185 

199 

227 

246 

255 

401 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



Earl of Stirling 

Map of Long Island, 1661 

Map of Long Island, 1675 

Map of Long Island, 1668 

Map of Long Island, 1665 

Shinnecock Hills in Winter 

Map of Long Island, 1651 

Crooked Pond 

A Pool on North Haven 

Indian Earthenware Jar 

Indian Palisaded Villages 

Sylvester Pharaoh 

Stephen Pharaoh 

Map of Long Island, 1700 

New Amsterdam and Indian Canoes 

Map of Long Island, 1690 

Atlantic Coast Indian 

Old Farm Road 

Conscience Point 

Mackay Homestead 

Old Jennings House 

Manor House of Edward Howell 

Title Page of Pierson's Catechism 

Shore near Shelter Island Ferry 

After a Storm . . . 

On the South Shore 

Sag Harbor Turnpike 

White Homestead, Sebonack 

Tyndall's Grove 

Types of Early Tombstones 

The Windmill at Water Mill 

Benedict's Mill at Water Mill . 

North End Burying Ground 



Frontispiece 


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VI 



LIST Of JLLUSTRATJOm 



Old Hook Schoolhouse, Southampton 

Presbyterian Church of 1707, Southampton 

Capt. Isaac Sayre House 

Isaac Foster Homestead 

Edwin Halsey House 

The John Wick (Briggs) House 

Sandford Homestead 

Old Hildreth House 

Jackson Homestead 

Old Mill on Mill Hill 

Cattle Marks 

The Hollyhocks 

Old Southampton Academy 

Old Sayre House 

Toll House, Sag Harbor Turnpike 

Lumber Lane and Turnpike 

Figure Head, Canoe Place 

Old Cannon from Sylph 

Old Bridgehampton Academy 

Road at Sebonack 

STiore at Noyack 

Lower Main Street, Southampton 

St. Ann's Church, Rectory and Parish House 

Col. Benj. Huntting (Mrs. Sage) House 

Methodist Church, Sag Harbor 

John Jemiain House .... 

Old North Haven Toll Bridge . 

Bridge over Otter Pond Outlet 

Old Schoolhouse, Sag Harbor . 

Outpost Captured by Col. Meigs 

Presbyterian Church, Southampton 

Sag Harbor in 1845 .... 

A View at Sebonack . . . 

A Cove on the North Shore 

Title Page, Daggett's Rights of Animals 

Presbyterian Church, Sag Harbor 

Shore at Homes Hill 

British Earthworks, Southampton 

Suffolk Downs . _ . 

David Gelston ..... 

Old Gelston House .... 

Title Page, Warner's Dream 

The Mill and its Miller, Bridgehampton 

Hampton House .... 

Old Atlantic House 



Facing Page 


94 




94 




97 




99 




99 




101 




101 




103 




103 




106 




108 




110 




110 




112 




115 




119 




122 




126 




126 




129 




131 




135 




138 




142 




144 




147 




147 




149 




151 




151 




154 




156 




158 




IGl 




163 




165 




167 




167 




170 




172 




172 




174 


, 


176 




179 


^ 


179 



LIST Oh ILLUSTRATIONS 



Capt. Austin House 

L. Page Topping House . 

Presbyterian Church, Bridgehampton 

The Surf, Bridgehampton 

Shore near Sag Harbor 

Field in Swamp, Cold Spring . 

The Road to the Mill . 

Residence of James L. Breese, Esq 

Sagaponack Bridge 

A Bit of Sagg Pond 

Methodist Church, Bridgehampton 

Hay Ground V/ind Mill . 

View at Seven Ponds . 

"The Tent on the Beach" 

On the South Shore . 

Methodist Church, Southampton 

Old Plerrick House 

Elisha O. Hedges House 

Bridgehampton Church of 1737 

Old Saw Mill, Seven Ponds 

Roman Catholic Church, Southampton 

Garden Gate, Parrish Art Museum 

Parrish Art Museum . 

Nathan Sandford 

Whaleship Manhattan 

Page from a Log-book 

Capt. Mercator Cooper House 
Capt. Mercator Cooper 

Stranded Bark, Clan Galbraith 
Whali-ng off Southampton about 1690 
Whaling ..... 
Whaling .... 

Episcopal Church, Sag Harbor 
St. John's, Southampton 
John Jermain Memorial Library . 
St. Andrew's Dune Church 
Catholic Church, Bridgehampton 
Southampton Hospital 
Southampton High School 
Pierson High School 
Rogers Memorial Library 





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Sag Harbor Hist. Soc. S. H. Express, Jan. 23, 1902. 
Tracy, Joseph. The Great Awakening. Boston, 1842. 
Trumbull, Benj., D. D. A Complete Hist, of Conn., &c. 2 Vols. 

New Haven, 1818. 
von der Donck, Adriaen. Beschijvinge von Virginia, Niew Neder- 

landt, Niew Engelandt, &c. Amsterdam, 1651. 
Walker, G. L. Some Aspects of the Relig. Life of New England, 

&c. Boston, 1897. 
Weeden, W. B. Indian Money as a factor in New England Civiliza- 
tion. J. H. U. S., Series II, Nos. VIII-IX. 
Weeden, W. B. Econ. and Social Hist, of New England. Boston, 

1890. 2 Vols. 



KE1-£R£NCES XVI i 

Williams, Roger. A Key into the Language of America, &c., 1643. 
Reprint Narragansett Club Pub., Series I, Vol. I. Providence, 
1866. 

Whitford, N. E. Hist, of the Canal System of tha State of New 
York. 2 Vols. Pub. by N. Y. State, 1905. 

Winthrop Papers. Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll. 6 Vols. 

Winthrop, John. Hist, of New England. 2 Vols. Ed. 1853. Bos- 
ton. 

Wood, Silas. Sketch of the first Settlement of the several Towns 
in Long Island, 1828. 

Wood, Wm. New England's Prospect. A true, lively and experi- 
mental description of that part of America Commonly called 
New England, &c., 1634. (Reprint Prince Society. Boston, 
1865.) 

Wolf, Lucien. Sir Moses Montefiore. New York 1885. 

Wooley, C. W., A. M. A Two Years Journal in New York and 
Part of its Territories in America. London, MDCCL Ed. 0'- 
Callaghan, New York, 1860. 

Wyandank, Pharaoh vs. Jane Ann Benson & Mary Benson, &c , &c. 
Supreme Court, N. Y., Suffolk Co., Defendants' Brief, 1009. 

Wilson, Rev. Clarence Hall. Hist. Address 150th A-iniversary o" th_ 
Founding of the Sag Harbor Presbyterian Church. Sag Har- 
bor, 1916. 



PREFACE 



The unexpected interest aroused by the pubhca- 
tion of the Memorials of Old Bridgehampton and the 
call for a second edition have led me to rewrite that 
volume, from a different standpoint and with the ad- 
dition of much new material, in its present form as the 
history of the whole Town east of Canoe Place. The 
choice of the Canal as a dividing line was an obviou:. 
one for several reasons. It was, for one thing, the 
western boundary of the original grant and settlements, 
and so remained for many years. Even after the pur- 
chase of the lands beyond it, their development was 
slow and the history of the Town was the history of its 
eastern portion. 

It will also be noted that I have endeavored to ob- 
struct the narrative as little as possible with purely genea- 
logical or antiquarian detail. The Town Records, in- 
cluding their entries as to the divisions and sales of lands, 
are in print, as well as the genealogies of most of the 
prominent families of the several communities and are easy 
of access to those curious in such matters. The task I 
set myself was a difYerent one, and was simply to tell the 
general story of the Town from its founding, to the 
present day, to picture the continuing life of an American 
community from its beginning. 

I have the pleasure of repeating the thanks I of- 
fered in my previous volume to Mr. W. S. Pelletreau. 
Mr. Addison M. Cook, the family of the late Judge 
Hedges, to Mr. Wm. D. Halsey, Mr. A. W. Topping 
and to Prof. W. O. Crosby. In the present one my debt 



XX HKEfACE 



is largely increased to Mr. H. D. Sleight, of Sag- Harbor, 
who has helped me greatly in all matters pertaining to 
that port and the whaling industry. In addition I wish 
to acknowledge my thanks to Mr. Stewart Cuhn, of 
the Brooklyn Institute Museum, who kindly had the 
two drawings in the Indian Chapter made for me; to 
Mr. Wilberforce Eames, who has greatly helped me in 
the matter of Sag Harbor imprints; Mr. O. B. Ack- 
erly, who has allowed me to reproduce the title pages 
of the Sag Harbor volumes; Mr. Peter Nelson, Archi- 
vist of the State of New York; to the Smithsonian In- 
stitution of Washington for permission to reproduce the 
two Indian portraits, as well as to The J. B. Millet 
Pubhshing Company of Boston for the right to repro- 
duce that of Lord Stirling; to the Hon. F. C: Hicks; 
Mr. W. L. Jagger; Mrs. T. O. Worth; Mr. Frank E. 
Haff; Mr. E. Jones Hildreth ; Mr. F. G. Mather; Mr. 
S. O. Hedges; Mr. Stephen Hedges; Rev. Dr. C. H. 
Wilson; Rev. W. M. Fanton; Rev. C. S. Gray; Rev. 
Francis V. Baer; Rev. S. C. Fish; Rev. Father Cherry; 
Capt. W. S. Bennett; the Proprietors of the Seaside 
Times, the Southampton Press, the Sag Harbor Ex- 
press, the Sag Harbor News and Bridgehampton News, 
and the Colonial Society of Southampton for the use 
of cuts ; as well as to many more who have also helped 
me in one way and another, including my father, Mr. 
Wm. Newton Adams who did the work of copying the 
documents in the Appendix and has read all of the proof. 
My thanks are further due to Mr. H. M. Hallock, of 
the Hampton Press, which publishes the volume, for 
his personal help and interest in all matters relating to 
the task of seeing it through the press. 

JAMES TRUSLOW ADAMS. 

"Wigwam," 
Me cox, 

October 4. 1917. 



CHAPTER I. 

LAND, GEOLOGICAL HISTORY, CLIMATE, ANIMALS, ETC. 

The present bounds of Southampton Town begin, at 
their most easterly point, upon the ocean beach a httle 
west of Wainscott Pond, and run thence more or less 
northwesterly in a straight line (except for a small jog 
on the south due to a boundary dispute with East Hamp- 
ton)* to Shelter Island Sound through the eastern por- 
tion of Sag Harbor Village. From that point, the line 
follows approximately the centre of the Sound, enclosing- 
Hog Neck and Noyack Bay, passing through the Little 
and Great Peconic Bays (south of Robin's Island), into 
Flanders Bay, and thence up the Peconic Riverf to a 
point almost due north of Eastport. The western bound 
is an almost straight line from the Peconic River to the 
Ocean, which it reaches a little west of the Moriches 
Coast Guard Station. From this western point to the 
eastern point, along the beach is approximately 2'/y2 
miles. 

A glance at the map! shows that the land so bounded is 
more or less in the form of a dumb-bell, or of two bottles 
joined at their mouths, the Shinnecock Canal, || connecting 

*See Story of a Celebration pp. 71 et seq. 

t Sometimes early called the Accoback River. Col. Docts. Vol. 
XIV, p. 600. 

JThe best map is that engraved from the U. S. Govt. Topog. Sheets 
and published with Fuller's Geology of Long Island. 

II This canal was begun in 1884, the estimated cost then being 
$35,000. Unexpected difficulties were met and the canal was only 
finally completed in 1901 and had cost the State $225,500. It is 
4,000 ft. long, 40 ft. wide on bottom and 58 at water surface. Whit- 
ford Hist, of Canal System, State of N. Y., Vol. I pp. 576-587. 



2 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Shinnecock Bay with the Great Peconic at Canoe Place, 
forming the dividing Hne between the roughly equal por- 
tions of the Township. The present course of the 
Canal was approximately the original western boundary 
of the Town as granted by Lord Stirling and pur- 
chased from the Indians in 1640, and it is with the east- 
erly portion, embracing, as it does, all of the first pur- 
chase, the earliest settlements, the richest lands, the 
most important villages and the only port, that this book 
will mainly deal. 

The outstanding physical feature in the conforma- 
tion of the land is the marked division into hills and plahi, 
the former rising to an elevation of 302 feet at Bald Hill, 
which marks the highest point on eastern Long Island. 
Generally, however, they are but one to two hun- 
dred feet in height, and all lie in the northern half of the 
Township throughout its length, constituting a most in- 
teresting feature in the landscape, though I fear the de- 
scription of them as "mountains" in the survey of 1738* 
can hardly be allowed even by one who loves them. The 
descent to the water on the north side of the Town is usually 
abrupt, giving rise to many sand cliffs, almost perpen- 
dicular and of considerable height. On the other hand, 
the slope to the ocean on the south, from the lower level 
of the hills is exceedingly even and gradual, forming the 
great plains which contain most of the Town's farming 
lands. The edge of this "overwash plain" as it is called, 
is much indented by innumerable small creeks and coves 
on the shores of the larger Moriches, Shinnecock and 
Mecox Bays, and by other sheets of water, which form 
the land into peninsulas or "necks," in which the most 
fertile soil is usually found. These sheets of water and 
their low shores are protected from the sea by the great, 
barrier beach, which extends practically unbroken from 
the eastern part of the Towmship westward to Jamaica 
Bay. 

For a fuller understanding of the physical features of 
the landscape, a brief account of its geological history is 
required. This history is made up of the record of al- 

*T. R. Vol. Ill, p. 94. 



10 ST 

6 -' 

Pi" 
o 

>=! 
3in5 







3:. 



^\i^'/>-( 







HISTORV OF THE TOK'N OF SOUTIIAMFTON ;} 

ternate depositions of sedimentary deposits tinder water 
of the rismg- of the gradually formed land above the sur- 
faces of successive seas, and of later clianges brouo-ht 
about by the glaciers, with final minor surface altel-i- 
tions due to the still active agencies of wind and rain 
together with the currents and waves of the ocean of 
today. 

America has always been spoken of as the New 
World, but though this is partiallv true in an historical 
sense, it is by no means so geologically, for one of the 
very oWest rock formations of the earth is that known 
as the Grenville,* which is found in the Adirondacks and 
probably in the Highlands of the Hudson. This rock 
was of sedimentary origin, and at the time it was de- 
posited upon a still earlier but as vet undiscovered sub-form- 
ation all of northern and eastern and perhaps southwest- 
ern New York was below the level of a sea The esti- 
mates of the time required for the deposit of this layer 
o sediment, since hardened into rock, call for a period 
of from twenty to twenty-five million vears The o-reat 
changes in the relations between land and water arenas in 
geological periods have given rise to successive oceans 
of varying bounds and sizes, and these oceans of former 
days are called by the names of the periods in which thev 
occurred^ Nothing is known of the shore line of thi's 
earliest Grenville Ocean except for the fact that as sedi- 
mentary deposits are made bv the wearing down of ad- 
jacent land masses and as they are not carried far into 
deep waters distant from the shore, this section of the 
old coast line of that day could not have been verv dis- 
tant either to the west or north. We know only that an 
ocean of undetermined size and shape then existed and 
owmg to the finding of graphite in its deposits, that life 
of some sort, either animal or vegetable, was alreadv 
stirring within its waters. ' 

At various times during this period, great disturb- 
^ill££i_^£^HiI^l_due_to^^eous activity in the earth 

personal correfpondelc^wTth'prof w" O^^o'stv^' Tl^'f if' ^"' 



4 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

thousands of feet below the surface and the forcing up 
into the Grenville rock of enormous masses of molten 
material, of which probably the oldest became the Laur- 
entian granite. At an indeterminate time in reference to 
these disturbances, a great mass of land including the 
whole of the Adirondack region, and possibly all of 
northern and eastern New York, was raised above the 
then sea level as the result of enormous pressure, and a 
land of mountains, probably far higher than the Adiron- 
dacks of today, was formed. By the time, however, that 
we reach the geological period known as Cambrian we 
again find all eastern New York sunk below the level of 
the Cambrian Sea, with the exception of a part of the 
Adirondacks, which still remained as a mountainous 
island. Next followed the Ordovicic period, during 
which the ocean covered all the Mississippi Valley, the 
Appalachian Mountain region and all New York and 
New England, except the Adirondack island, while, on 
the other hand, a great continent known as Appalachia 
existed in what is now the Atlantic Ocean, the western 
coast line of that now lost continent being approximately 
the present eastern coast line of the United States. It 
is evident that we are still far from the appearance of any 
such small and definite land mass as Ivong Island. 

Toward the close of the Ordovicic another great con- 
vulsion took place throughout what is now the eastern 
United States north of Virginia by which a stupendous 
mountain range, known to geologists as the Taconic. 
was thrown up and eastern New York again became dry 
land. Processes of erosion and continental sinking then 
ensued, and by the end of the Siluric period all eastern 
and southern New York was again covered by a sea. 

Passing over further intermediate changes and com- 
ing down to the close of the Tertiary, we find the eleva- 
tion of southern New York some 3000 feet higher than 
at present and the coast line about 100 miles further 
eastward, the Hudson River emptying into the ocean 
that distance from its present mouth and the site of 
Long Island part of the continent far inland. In the 
next, and present period, the Quaternary, occurred those 
changes which brought about the existence of Long Is- 



(D O 




HISTOK)' OF THE TO/IN OF SOL'THAMrrON 5 

land in general as we know it at the present time. A long- 
period of subsidence occurred, followed by a shorter 
one of elevation carrying the land to about its present 
level. Its surface was then further modified by the action 
of glaciers or ice sheets producing the main features of 
the landscape as it appears today. These ice sheets,* 
which gradually spread over the land flowing down from 
the north from three centers of accumulation and out- 
flow were of almost incredible extent and thickness. It 
is estimated that they covered in all an area of 4,000,000 
square miles and that their thickness in New York was 
several thousand feet, completely submerging the Adi- 
rondacks and possibly the Catskills, although thinning 
out very rapidly along their southern limits, which coin- 
cided here with the line of Long Island. The edge of the 
sheet, with changes in climate, may have advanced and 
retreated several times, and the whole duration of the 
period has been variously estimated at from 500,000 to 
1,000,000 years, while the average estimate of the period 
involved since the final retreat of the ice is 25,000 years. 

It must be understood that during the whole of the 
ice period the ice was steadily flowing southward and 
that the terms advance and retreat merely indicate that 
the point at which melting of the ice stream took place 
was sometimes further south than at others. During this 
slow , continuous flow, the ice gathered material from 
the land it passed over, and by its movement and the 
enormous pressure, scored and eroded the surface, de- 
positing at last, along the line of its final melting, the ac- 
cumulated boulders and debris of all kinds wh>"h it had 
picked up. This material, so deposited, was of vast ex- 
tent, and when the glacier's melting limit remained more 
or less stationary for a long period, formed what are 
called moraines, of which one of the best examples is the 
hne of hills already alluded to. 

From the front of the glacier as it melted, enormous 
amounts of water poured forth, carrying in it the finer 
portions of the accumulated matter to be deposited by 
sedimentation, the greater part near the glacier, the 

*It is a disputed point in Long Island geology whether there was 
only one or several successive invasions of the ice. 



6 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

amount lessening as the distance increased. It was in 
this way that was formed the even, gently sloping plain 
already mentioned which stretches from the hills to the 
sea, except where now submerged by the bays. 

Sometimes the water issued from the glacier front in 
the form of a separate well-defined stream, in which case 
the deposit would be more or less fan like in shape, form- 
ing a lobe-like hill, of which the best example on the 
Island is Bald Hill, in the western part of the Township. 
Or, again, owing to the advance and retreat of the ice 
front within a limited area, compound instead of single 
morainal ridges would be formed, of which one of the 
best examples is that extending from Hampton Park to 
Sag Harbor. The Shinnecock Hills, on the other hand, 
which display much mixture of material and numerous 
"faults", seem to have been formed by the shoving before 
it of material by the glacier, although their present sur- 
face contour is largely due to the drifting of the sand 
blown by the winds. 

Among the most interesting and characteristic of 
glacial formations, which can best be studied by the ex- 
amples near Bridgehampton, are those depressions, fre- 
quently occupied by ponds or lakes, which are technically 
known as "kettles." Many of the ponds in the Town be- 
long to this class, and one of the most noted on the Island 
is that known as Scuttle Hole Pond, on the north side of 
Scuttle Hole Road. These kettles originated in various 
ways. Sometimes they were merely the depressions be- 
tween two successive deposits of glacial material, in 
which -cases they are rarely more than thirty feet deep, 
their axes running parallel to the line of the old ice face, 
while at other times they were made by the deposit of 
glacial material over huge blocks of ice, projecting ice 
masses or solidified accumulations of snow. In all these 
latter cases, the material would be deposited either upon 
these'masses or banked up against their sides, and as the 
latter melted, the debris would sink down taking the 
place of the ice or snow, thus forming depressions of 
varying size and shape below the surrounding surface. 
Sometimes the melting ice mass would itself deposit 
contained material by the little streams which flowed 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 7 

from it, forming what are Ivnown as kettle rims, of which 
the best example on the Island is near the gap in the 
morame two miles northwest of Southampton. Occas- 
ionally these kettles occur in "chains" or "valleys," which 
form a very distinct topographical feature of Long Island 
a^nd agam the best example is in this Township, beino- 
the one formed by Scuttle Hole, Jehu, Austen's, Lono- 
and Kelhs Ponds, near Bridgehampton. ^ 

As already stated, it is held by some that there were 
mterglacial periods due to changes in climate, and it is 
to these warm periods that they attribute the growth of 
trees and other vegetable matter, remains of which have 
so frequently been found buried deep below the deposits 
of subsequent periods.* 

The shells found at different levels in boring the 

TV,*J!!^^^ Y^^ Sf^" ^-"""^ ^°^ *^^ "^«s<^ P^i-t in borings for wells 
The record of that driven by Messrs. J. A. Sandford & Sons in 
Bridgehampton is given below: 
Depth 
in feet. 
70. Tisbury (Manhasset formation)? Gray micaceous clay 

with a few small quartz pebbles. 
lUO. Sankaty (Jacob sand and Gardiner's clay)? Medium 

grayish white sand and gravel, with pieces of greenish 
T ^ ^^ containing fragments of shells. 
1U5. Jameco— Fine to medium orange colored sand. 

110. Jameco— Orange colored gravel, apparently identical 

119 T ^"fr^ ^^.^^^ °^^ glacial bed on Gardiner's Island. 

IIZ. Jameco— Very fine yellow silt, with orange gravel. 

i2n C^retaceous- Fine gray sand with muscovite and lignite. 

140. Cretaceous— Medium yellow sknd, with fragments of 

155. Cretaceous— Greenish gray sandy clay, with fragments 

of shells. 
165. Cretaceous— Very fine dark gray sand, with some coarse 

white quartz sand. 
190. Cretaceous— Fine light gray sand. 

^10. Cretaceous— Fine to coarse light gray sand with partly 

lignitized wood. 
oJo' Cretaceous— Medium white micaceous sand 

qqT' Cretaceous— Fine light gray sand with lignite. 

tit- Cretaceous— Lignite and large flakes of muscovite. 

o'nl'oQn ^^'^staceous— Medium white micaceous sand. 
9«7 OQQ Cretaceous— White sand, muscovite and lignitized wood. 
OQQ onn ^^etaceous— Fragments of iron pyrites. 
Z88-d00. Cretaceous— Fine to medium grayish yellow sand. 

^ Prof. W. O. Crosby gives me his interpretation of the above 
as Outwash, drift and Sankaty 0-105 feet, Lafayette 105-115 feet, 
Miocene 115-165 feet, and Magothy 165-300 feet '' 



8 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Sandford well were thought by Fuller to belong to an 
interglacial epoch, and until 1914 no shells belonging to 
the Tertiary period had been found on Long Island. In 
that year much interest was aroused among scientists 
by the discovery made by Thos. C. Topping of a bed of 
fossil shells of that period in a road pit on the west side 
of the Brick Kiln Road to Sag Harbor, about a half 
mile north of Mrs. Gardiner's drive. They were buried 
from 8 to 10 feet below the surface of the ground at a 
point between 3 and 4 miles from the ocean and about 
140 feet above sea level, the locality being below sea 
level, of course, at the time the shells found their perma- 
nent resting place there.* 

The beaches along the south shore have been formed 
partly by deposition and partly by erosion. The main 
material is quartz sand with some magnetic and garneti- 
ferous sands intermixed, pebbles being found only where 
the beach adjoins the main land. Owing to the appar- 
ent necessity of a very thorough stirring of the sands in 
order to separate the magnetic and garnetiferous par- 
ticles from the quartz, the segregated masses of the 
former are best seen after a heavy storm. 

It is probable that in the ice age, the beach, along the 
eastern part of the Town at least, was from a half mile 
to a mile further seaward than at present, it having been 
made by erosion and the surplus material carried west- 
ward to form the great barrier beaches south of the 
Bays. This work of erosion is still going on, the ocean 
having probably encroached a hundred feet or more 
upon the land since the settlers first came, while about 
two acres are annually lost in the neighborhood of 
Montauk. It has been stated that whale boats aban- 
doned on the north side of the dunes have been over- 
whelmed by them and have long after reappeared on the 
ocean side, the sand hills passing completelv over them 
on their march inland. Last year (1916^ the wind and 

*Prof. Crosby in writing me states that he believes these fossils 
to be undoubtedly of Sankaty age and that his colleague Dr. Hervey 
W. Shimer has identified the following species: Venus mercenaria 
(variety antiqua), Area transversa, Area linula, Anomia aculeata, 
Crepidula fornicata. Neverita duplicata, and Clina sulphurea. See 
Memorials pp. 9-10 for Prof. Crosby's full field notes. 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

water having made a deep cut through the dunes about 
200 feet west of the Coast Guard Station at Mecox, I 
found that there had been uncovered an old road, which 
was probably used by the early settlers to gain access to 
the meadow lands back of the beach, and which in any 
case must have originally lain north of the dunes. It 
lies at present under about fifteen feet of sand in the 
middle of the dune formation.* While the beach here 
is thus gradually being worn away, those to the west are 
being built up, there being at the same time a general 
slow subsidence of the land. This has been very marked 
in Peconic Bay, fformer cedar forests at Riverhead 
being now completely submerged, while it is probable 
that a large part, if not all, of the Bays on the south side 
were originally dry land. One hundred and fifty years 
ago the bottom of the Great South Bay was in many 
places covered with the stumps of trees, and even forty 
years ago large numbers of oak stumps, 12 to 24 inches 
in diameter were found at Islip in the salt meadow of 
Wm. Nicoll, Esq., and also on the north side of the beach 

*An article in the News, May 13, 1910, states that owing to the 
shifting of the dunes on the farm of John Hand, an old road also 
came to light there. This road along the beach banks was not, as 
has several times been stated, the old main road. That followed the 
line of Mecox Road and crossed Calve's Creek at the Wading Place. 
The beach road is probably 200 years old, however, and was used 
not only to gain access to the meadows for grass cutting, but was 
also used later by the fish wagons. These had very broad tires, 
and the wide tracks still visible are probably those made by these 
wheels. There are many specific evidences in the Town Records of 
the encroachment of the sea. Among others may be noted Vol. V, 
p. 280, John Jagger's beach lot, now covered by the dunes; Ibid, p. 
289, Frog Pond now under the beach; Vol. II, p. 353, notes an old 
boundary fence still visible in 1864 at very low tide, originally set 
in meadow bottom. Thompson, Hist, of Long Id., Vol. I, p. 41, men- 
tions land at Southampton as having been covered by dunes, which 
later moved off again. 

tMr. H. D. Sleight writes me (Apl. 18, 1917) in reference to 
erosion of the coast at Sag Harbor, "where the summer home of F. 
C. Havens is located at BluflF Point, just east of Conklin's Point, 
where stood Uriah Gordon's boat shop, the late Edgar Hunt told me 
before his death, a number of years since, that the erosion had been 
so great the sea had cut into the bluff fully fifty feet during his 

life. He was a surveyor and a man not prone to exaggerate 

Gull Island has disappeared. In my boyhood there was a 

small portion left. Cedar Island would be gone but for protective 
breakwater. I have bird-nested where there is now eight feet of 
water." 



10 HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

under three feet of water at low tide. The early settlers 
had a tradition, apparently received from the Indians, 
that the whole of the Bay was once a fresh water swamp, 
so little wet at times that it could be passed over dry 
shod to the ocean, and that the Bay is comparatively 
modern is also suggested by the fact that no Indian shell 
heaps have been found near it.* In the Roggeveen 
Map, 1675, reproduced in this volume, interesting evi- 
dence is given of changes in depth of the water both in 
that Bay and off the shore of Southampton Town. 

The action of the sand, however, is not wholly con- 
fined to the immediate shore line, but aided by the winds 
instead of currents extends in some cases far inland. All 
of the hill formation of the old moraine south, southeast 
and southwest of Sag Harbor, before it became forested, 
was covered with drifting sand, as were also the Shinne- 
cock Hills, as already noted. Various bits of contempor- 
ary evidence enable us to trace the changes in these latter 
during the past century, and to see how nature unaided 
has gradually transformed a desert waste. In 1804, 
Timothy Dwight described them as "a succession of dis- 
agreeable sand hills; a considerable part of which are 
blown, like the grounds formerly mentioned in the de- 
scription of Cape Cod ; and exhibit a desolate and melan- 
choly aspect."! Forty years later Prime spoke of them 
as "composed almost entirely of fine sand, which is still 

drifted hither and thither by the winds perfectly 

naked except extensive patches of whortle berry, bay 
berry and other small shrubs ;"|| while Bayles described 
them in 1874 as "huge hills of sand" forming "an impass- 
able barrier which divided the intercourse of civilization 

here and there a patch of some low-growing 

shrub and scattered blades of poverty grass are the only 

*Elias Lewis. Jr., Ups and Downs of the L. I. Coast. Pop. Sc. 
Monthly, Feb. 1877. 

fTimothy Dwig:ht, Travels in New Eng. and New York, ed. 1822. 
Vol. Ill, p. 317. He adds "these hills were once cultivated; but from 
the poverty of the soil, and the ravages of the wind, appear to have 
been finally forsaken." 

II N. S. Prime. History of Long Island, p. 15. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 11 

lepresentatives of vegetation that dare an existence. "t 
y\t present, while there is as yet no forest growth, there 
are innumerable fair-sized cedars, black oaks and other 
trees, singly and in groves, (particularly toward the 
west), while the hills are thickly covered with various 
vegetation of lower sorts. i 

The wild and desolate aspect of this region in the 
early days seems to have given rise to various legends 
of a gTuesome sort, of which I have found only one pre- 
served, which is of a "dare-devil traveller who challenged 
all the grim spirits of the infernal regions to deter him 
from them on a dark and stormy night, many years ago, 
and was soon after found lying dead by the roadside, 
without a mark of violence upon him except that his 
tongue was drawn out 'by the roots' and hung on a 
neighboring bush. As his money was found untouched 
in his pockets, it was evident that the mysterious deed 
had not been perpetrated for plunder, and as the peculiar 
nature of the wound seemed to forbid the supposition 
that human hands were responsible for the deed, its 
commission was ascribed directly to the fiends of dark- 
ness whose vengeance the hapless traveller had de- 
fied."* 

For long, these hills and the country west of them, 
as Bayles wrote, formed an almost impassable barrier 
to intercourse, and exerted no little influence in keeping 
the early settlements here isolated from those to the 
westward. Even as late as 1867 a traveller crossing 
them in a buggy wrote that "our gait through them 
might have been two miles an hour," while further 
west in earlier days as the traveller advanced he found 
the land "so closely covered with tangled wood and in- 

fR. M. Bayles, Sketches of Suffolk County, p. 325. 

tOn Feb. 19, 1861, 3200 acres of Shinnecock Hills and Sebonac 
Neck were sold at auction for $6250. Express, Feb. 21, 1861. A 
couple of generations apro there was a wind sawmill located at 
about where the Peconic Bathing Station is now on the north shore 
of the hills, to saw cedar logs from trees growing round about. 

*Bayles, Ibid. p. 324. 

§ Express, Dec. 12, 1867. 



12 HISTORY OF THE TOII N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

tersected by streams and morasses as to prevent passage 
on foot."* 

Whatever the conditions on these hills may have been 
when the settlers first came, there is ample evidence to 
prove that the plains were well wooded in many places 
close to the ocean shore. Of IMontauk, in 1650, Secre- 
tary von Tienhoven wrote that it "is entirely covered 
with trees, without any flats."! The report of the lay- 
ing out of land in 1653 in Sagg and Mecox contains evi- 
dence of conditions there for lot number 26 is 
described as "on the skirt of the little plaine 
eastward of mecox water running from the beach 
to the creek toward the woods," and lots 28, 29 
and 30 as "bounded by marked trees.":!: Further 
westward, again, in Southampton village we find 
in 1645 in connection with laying out 10 acres on 
the "great playne" it was provided that "what shall be 
wanting .....:.. shall be supplied at the upper end next 
the wood land."il Many more instances might be given, 
but there is no doubt whatever that the plains were ex- 
tensively wooded and that some of the timber, at least, 
was of fair size, although the Indian. custom of burning 
the underbrush through the woods in the spring prob- 
ably destroyed much timber and perhaps checked the 
development of a larger growth. § This Ind'an custom 
was also followed by the settlers, and we find regulations 
in reeard to the dates of firing and other matters in the 



*C. B. Moore. Early History of Hempstead, p. 6. 

fN. Y. Col. Docts. Vol. I, p. 365. 

IT. R. Vol. I, pp. 98, 99. In a deed dated Apl. 12, 1666, 1-3 of a 
£50 allotment at Sagg butting north into the woods and south upon 
the sea is sold to Thos. Topping, while another tract, of 10 acres, 
in the previous year, was bounded south by the ocean and north by 
woods. News, Mar. 11, 1915. 

II T. R., Vol- I, p. 36. See for points further westward, Canoe 
Place division of 1738, in which cedar swamps are mentioned, pines 
and red oaks used as boundary marks, and the "Red Seder timber 
on the beach" allotted. T R., Vol. Ill, p. 127. 

§As to the size of some of the trees. Miss H. B. Hedges stated to 
me that her father told her that his father told him that their 
former house on Sagg Street was originally built of timber grow- 
ing on the site of the house (present homestead of Mr. Clifford Fos- 
ter). The house was remodelled in 1709, was built of oak and the 
beams very large. fBurned.! 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 13 

Records of the various towns.:!: Very early also we 
begin to find evidences of a very strict conservation of 
the woods in such items as that of Sept. 1662, when 
Richard Smith "being convicted of misdemeanor in and 
about felling timber contrary to order & strict prohibi- 
tion, is awarded by the Cort tapay£5 to the town's use" 
&c.,* and, again, in 1664, when it was ordered that "from 
henceforth noe person whatsoever shall improve any 
timber within the bounds of this Towne, in pipe 
staves, or of any other nature or form, by selling them 
to any that shall convey them out of this plantation upon 
penalty of 20s. per tree."t Some writers have concluded 
that such items indicate a scarcity of timber, but I think 
they are merely evidence of a wise policy of conserving 
the Town's resources for the future, for as a matter of 
fact, such regulations are found in the records of almost 
every town in New England at that period regardless of 
the abundance of wood in the neighborhood. § 

At the present time the woods range from about two 
to four miles from the ocean, || and, very likely as a re- 
sult of this steady decrease in the area covered with 
trees, the amount of water in the ponds and streams 
seems likewise to have suffered a steady decline. The 
presence in early days of mills and dams on streams 
which now hardly exist except at certain times, as well 
as other indications all point to this in my opinion. In 
1843, Thompson mentions as one of the nine principal 
marshes of Long Island, the tract between Sagg Pond 
and Mecox Bay, now all firm land. The Pond was un- 
doubtedly much larger originally, and a mill and dam 
were located at its head where the bridge now crosses 

JSee e g., Southold, T. R., Vol. I, p. 329. 

*T. R.. Vol II. p. 20. 

flbid, Vol. II, p. 233. 

§See Southold, T. R-, Vol. I, pp. 319 and 325; Plymouth Colony 
Reed., Vol. XII, p. 8; Weeden Econ. Hist, of N. E., Vol. I, pp. 62, 
et seq; Adams, Village Com. Cape Anne and Salem, pp 54, et seq; 
and innumerable other references. 

II I am speaking of the eastern half of the town. 



14 HISTORY OF THE TOfIN OF SOUTHAMFFON 

the trickling stream from the swamp.* Hacker's Hole, 
on Ocean Road, Bridgehampton, was at one time a pond 
of considerable size, though now practically dry, while 
Kellis Pond used to drain into Mecox Bay through a 
canal-like depression still clearly traceable, and a mill 
was located on this now lost stream, where it crossed 
Paul's Lane. Scuttle Hole Pond has shrunken largely 
even in the last generation, for Mr. A. AI. Cook tells me 
that as a boy he used to fish from an apple tree now far 
back from the water's edge, and such instances might 
be multiplied in other parts of the Town. On the other 
hand, certain ponds, as also happens elsewhere on this 
island, seem to show great variations in the amount of 
water from time to time, notably, in this neighborhood, 
the one known as Poxabogue, which in September 1910 
became so dry that people could walk across its bed, 
which was said at that time not to have happened before 
for ninety years. § 

It has always been the custom from the earliest times 
to cut openings through the beach in the autumn, or at 
other seasons when necessary, to allow the waters of 
Mecox Bayt and, later, of Sagg Pond to flow into the 
ocean, partly to prevent these sheets of water flooding 
the surrounding lands, partly on account of the oyster 
beds, and, at first, largely to ensure the running of the 
stream for Howell's water mill. The cut so made is 
known as the "Seapoose," and occasionally, though 
wrongly, as the "Bay-poose." The word is Indian in 
origin and signifies a "little river," being also sepoese, 
(little river) in the Narragansett tongue. J. The first 
syllable has nothing to do with our English word sea, 

*Sag-g Swamp used to be the Mill Pond and the timbers of the 
old mill are still visible at times just south of the road on the west 
side of the stream. This was Deacon Hedges' fulling mill over a 
century ago 

§News, Sept. 30, 1910. 

fThis bay was surveyed in 1884, and was found to contain, in- 
cluding creeks, 1,157 acres, the "great bay" containing 760. Ex- 
press, Jan. 24. 1884. 

JRoger Williams. A Key into the Languages of America, &c. The 
cut, now made at Water Mill beach, was at one time further east, 
near Mr. Berwind's bungalow, and it is this which is sometimes re- 
ferred to as "the old route." 




o 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 15 

but has given rise to the term sea-puss. References to 
cutting- the Seapoose are frequent in the Records and 
always refer to the outlet for Mecox Bay. The earliest 
i have found is of 1647, vvhen "the burthen of opening 
the beach for the miH"|| was mentioned, showing clearly 
the original purpose of the cut, while, again, in 1653, 
"Captain Topping, Mr. Rayner & John White are ap- 
pointed and left to agree (if they can) with the miller 
concerning the alteration of his mill to ease the town of 
the burden of opening the seapoose" &c.* Human 
nature sometimes got the better of parliamentary pro- 
cedure apparently for "at a town meeting November 2, 
1652, Isaack Willman in a passionate manner said that 
some of them that voated for the raising of the mill knew 
noe more what belonged to the seapoose than a dogge. 
Note, he hath given satisfaction."! 

The land as described above, with its hills and plains, 
its woods and fertile fields, its numerous ponds and 
streams and deeply indented shores, with the ocean on 
the south and sheltered harbors on the north, combined 
with the comparative friendliness of the natives, thus 
made an ideal locality for settlement, but there is an- 
other particular in which the East End of the Island is 
almost unique on the seaboard, which is the climate. In 
the first half of the last century ofificial observations cov- 
ering a period of (for the most part) 25 years were made 
at 62 different Academies located at various points in the 
state, of which. Clinton Academy, East Hampton, was 
one. For that period it was found that the number of 
clear days per year was much greater there than at any 
of the others, averaging 20.41 per month as compared, 
for example, with only 12.50 per month for New York 
City.t These figures were borne out in a later period by 
the tables of sunshine made by the U. S. Government in 
1899, which showed that the East End had 100 more 
clear days in the year than New York City and 162 more 
than Rochester, and that in the matter of sunlight it 



II T. R.. Vol. I, p. 43. 

*T. R. Vol. J. D. 94 

tT. R., Vol. II, p. 85. 

IF. B. Hough, Essay on the Climate of Long Island, pp 29-30. 



16 HISTORY OF THE TOIfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

could be classed with such places, noted in this respect, 
as Phoenix, El Paso, and Sante Fe.t Temperature 
figures show it to possess the coolest climate in summer 
on the entire Atlantic coast from Florida to Maine with 
the single exception of Nantucket, while the extreme 
average dates for killing frosts are three weeks later in 
the fall and a month earlier in the spring than at the 
western end of the island. | In one other respect the cli- 
mate here is unique in New York State, elsewhere 
throughout which the greatest deposit of moisture occurs 
in summer, while here it occurs in winter. 

Not only, however, did land and climate offer such 
unusual advantages for colonization, but the water liter- 
ally swarmed with, many varieties of edible fishes, while 
the southern coast was a favorite resort of "the King of 
waters, the Sea shouldering whale" as Wood quotes 
Spenser in his New England's Prospect.* Shellfish of 
many sorts were also exceedingly plenty, including those 
from which wampum was made, as will be more partic- 

tLe G. M. Denslow, M. D., The Climate of Long Island, Med. Rec- 
ord, June 1, 1901, 

tThe following temperature figures (the earlier set recorded in 
East Hampton and later in Southampton), appeared in an article 
by Ernest S. Clowes, in the News, Feb. 16, 1917: 

1827-43 1901-15 

January 30.1 30.9 

February 30.7 28.6 

March 36.4 37.9 

April 44.4 46.0 

May • 53-2 55.7 

June 62.8 64.2 

July 69.9 70.7 

August 68.5 69.1 

September • 62.5 64.2 

October 52.2 54.6 

November 42.2 43.7 

December 33 5 33.7 

In Feb., 1885, the ocean froze for a half mile from shore. Ex- 
press, Feb. 19, 1885. 

*"Upon the South-side of Long Island in the Winter lie store of 
Whales and Crampasses, which the inhabitants begin with small 
boats to make a trade catching to their no small benefit. Also an 
innumerable multitude of Seals, which make an excellent oyle; they 
lie all the Winter upon some broken Marshes and Beaches or bars 
of sand before-mentioned, and might be easily got were there some 
skilful men would undertake it." Denton Brief Description, &c., 
1670, p. 6. 



HISTORY OF THE TOIfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 17 

ularly noted in the next chapter. Wild fowl were to be 
had in enormous quantities, f while all early writers 
agree as to the abundance of turkeys, though the state- 
ment of one of them that "there are verie fayre Turkeys 
fare greater than heere 500 in a flocke" is, I fear, of equal 
veracity with the same author's note that "ther is also 
a race of Bufaloes wch will be ridden and brough to draw 
and plowe and be milked,"$ which reminds one of ]os- 
selyn's interesting- discovery that in America porcupines 
lay eggs. II Of the larger animals, deer seem originally 
to have been plenty, but in 1726 an Act of Assembly was 
passed for "the more effectual preservation and increase 
of Deer on the Island of Nassau [Long Island] "*so there 
was evidently some fear at that time of their extermina- 
tion. Beaver were also fairly abundant in parts of the 
island, leaving evidence of their existence in this Town 
in the name of Beaver Dam, but they were most numer- 
ous west of here and Southold, although the translation 
of Huppogues, the Indian name for the present Smith- 
town by "the beaver place" would seem to be an error. § 
With all this abundance of useful animal life, how- 
ever, there were not wanting beasts troublesome and 
dangerous to man, "wild vermin" as the East Hampton 

0„t!?^'p.,^''^^ *^T/' ^""^^^ ^^°^^ °^' »s Turkies, Heath Hens, 
nn^t.' w ? '^^^^ Pidgeons, Cranes, Geese of several sorts. Brants 
Ducks Widgeon Teal, and divers others. There is also the red Bird 
ear, of t'' 'iT^' oi sm^m^ birds, whose chirping notes salute the 
ears of Travellers with an harmonious discord; and in every pond and 
brook green silken frogs who warbling forth in their untunVl tunes 
strive to bear a part in this musick." Denton. Brief Descrip , p 5! 

tThe Commodities^ of the Island called Manati ore Long Island 
which IS m the Continent of Virginia. i^ianu, 

^ '■'^ffiV^.'^^T^y"- ^" ^'^'^^""t of two voyages to New England, 

fpv^lM cV. \r^ r!^*',^^ ^■^''^ ^ "^^"^^^ («^ unnatural) history 
revel he should read the description of the unicorns and other fauna 

HisT'of N.'?., Vol i'J..^^'"^^^"^ Montanus, 1671, reprinted in Doct 
*CoL Docts.. Vol. V, p. 782. 

T^r" Vo^lS'^°^"r:Q^''T';«'.".H'l^"^' Wood for £4 of beaver skin. 
f inn ^'.P- l^; ^" ^^^^ John Gosmer receipts to John Cooper 
for 100 pounds of beaver. T. R., Vol. II, p. 244. '-ooper 



18 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTH AM FTON 

Records quaintly call them.t In the sea were sharks 
which would "leape at a man's hand if it be overboard 
and with his teeth snap off a man's legge or hand if he be 
a swimming,"* while on the land foxes, wolves and wild 
cats were so troublesome as to form subjects of constant 
legislation,! and in all the eastern towns bounties were 
paid for the killing of these pests. Of the wolves of New 
England, Wood wrote that "they care no more for an 
ordinary MastifTe, than an ordinary Mastiffe cares for a 
Curre ; many good Dogges have been spoyled with them. 

One of them makes no more bones to run away 

with a Pigge, than a Dogge to runne away with a mar- 
row bone in a word they are the greatest inconven- 

iency the Countrey hath."§ In 1649, Southampton of- 
fered 20 shillings a head for wolves killed within the 
Town limits, II which rose to 30s. in 165 1, when the Town 
employed an individual, Robert Merwin, as a public wolf 
hunter.l In East Hampton, on the other hand, the 
whole Town was sometimes required to turn out for a 
wolf hunt at the beat of a drum, absent citizens being 

J"For wilde Beasts there is Deer, Bear, Wolves, Foxes, Raccoons, 
Otters, Musquashes and Skunks." Denton- Brief. Descrip., p. 5. 

One raccoon has come down in history for its tragic death. 
Wolley took it to England with him "where one Sunday in Prayer 
time some Boys giving it Nutts it was choaked with a shell." Wol- 
ley. Journal, p. 42. 

*Wood's New Eng. Prospect, p. 37. In Mar., 1853, a live sea 
tiger, 5 feet long, weight 145 lbs., was captured at Sands Pt. On- 
derdonk Scrap Book. Signed article by A- R. Sands. 

fAs late as 1791 a bounty of 4s, was offered for every fox. T. R., 
Vol. Ill, p. 333. In East Hampton the Town Accounts show 2 wild 
cats paid for in 1699, 4 in 1701, 2 in 1703, 3 in 1725, 3 in 1726, 5 in 
1727. 5 in 1732, 9 in 1733, 2 in 1734, 1 in 1735, 4 in 1737, 3 in 1739, 
1 in 1748. 1 in 1751| E. H. .T. R., passim. 

§Wood, New Eng. Prospect, pp. 26, 27. 

II T. R., Vol. I, p. 31- Also Vol. V, pp. 50 and 91. 

1"In consideration of his care and paines about the killing of 
wolves by setting of guns or watching or otherwise, he shall have 30s. 
per woIfe for every one it appears he killeth, provided that if any 
beast [cattle] be killed in probability by the wolves, and he the said 
Robert have notice thereof that he repaire unto the place where the 
sd. beast is slaine, whether at Meacocks or Sagaponack or elsewhere 
. . . also if it happens at any time hee sd. Robert bee warned to 
any cort or meeting during the time he is upon the forsaid design, 
that hee shall bee discharged and acquitted from such meeting," &c. 
T R., Vol. I, p. 81. Vide E. H., T. R., Vol. I, pp. 46 and 255. 



h: o 




n I STORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 19 

Hned.t In spite of all efforts to exterminate them how- 
ever, they continued to menace the comfort and safety 
of the settlers and in 1676 the matter was taken up at 
the Court of Assizes in New York.J Bears also make 
their early appearance in the Town Records, in which 
their being hunted by the Indians is mentioned* and they 
also lived in a wild state on the Island at least as late 
as 1759. when "a large one passed the house of Mr 
babring, Brooklyn, and took the water at Red Hook '1 
The so-called "dogs" of the Indians were nothing but 
young wolves trained up and were also a constant source 
ot danger and annoyance to the settlers. Thus in the 
dispute between Southampton and the Shinnecock In- 
dians, which was carried to New York in 1680 the set- 
tlers complained that the Indians "contrary to covenant 

& the termes of amitye doe exceed ifi great number 

ot doggs & when they are called upon to kill such doo-gs 
they utterly refuse & doe norish & bring up kennels of 
■T' -^t f %"'"^^ preiuditial then al the wolves vt are 
about &c.^ It was settled at that time that each Indian 
should be allowed to keep one dog and be responsible for 
damage, but in the Town Records we read in 1718 that it 
was ' Ordered that ye Indians shall be fetched up to Kill 
their Dogs ferwith by a warrant from ye Tustis."|l Five 
hundred years earlier, in the wisdom of the East, the 
fE. H, T. R., Vol. I, p. 53. 

rWhereas it is represented to this Court, that since Alteracon of 
ye Manner of paymt for killing of Wolves hath beefgtiat Sect 

for the'KmW^T^"w^'," '^'T.^r "^^^^^d that the Ihole paym 
the PubSk I tL ^«^7 /i^ Wolves shall hereafter be borne by 
oil -^y^'^^^' ^ the Constables of the Respective Townes are to 

Ms°:2'5'floT^OcV"'7.'ll7g.°r"'' ''"'" -' "''°'°--" " " Co° 
*T. R., Vol. L p 158. 

IHe was killed. N. Y. Gazette, Nov. 26, 17.59. 
§Col Docts. Vol. XIV, pp. 756, et seq. 

naliJ* Vol Y'r^^^fi'm^^- 1 ^" ^^^^^?"c« to Indian dogs Mather (Mag- 
aff rmed fh.'f fVf J^^""^^^" ' u""''"' statement, "it is particularly 
attirmed that the Indians, in their wars with us, finding a sore in- 
convenience by our dogs, which would make sad yelling ifin the night 
dovTl- .'J^P the approaches of them, they sacrificed a dog to the 
mJn hs'ensu^'n? "^ "^"^'"^ ^^^ ^^"^^ ^^^^ ^' - I"^-" f- divers 



20 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Persian poet Saadi had sung of the power of heredity 
over environment, 




At length the wolf's whelp grows a wolf, 

Even though brought up in the company of man. 



CHAPTER TI. 

THE INDIANS. 

At the time of the settlement of Long Island by the 
whites, there were thirteen principal Indian tribes living 
on the island, viz : the jMontauks, IManhassets, Shinne- 
cocks, Corchaugs, Unkechaugs, Setauketts, Secktaugs, 
Nissaquogiies, Merricokes, Alarsapeagues, Matinecocks, 
Rockaways, and Canarsies.* These all belonged to the 
great Algonquin family, the most widely extended of all 
the aboriginal stocks, f and differed so little among them- 
selves as almost to be considered bands rather than 
tribes. Each, however, had its sachem, those of the four 
eastern tribes being brothers, and a sort of general over- 
lordship of the other tribes on the island being vested in 
\^>andance, Sachem of the Montauks.i though Pen- 
hawitz. Sachem of the Canarsies, attained considerable 
power and headed the tribes engaged in war with the 
Dutch in 1643. Wyandance, however, though the most 
noted of the grand sachems, did not hold that office at 
the first coming of the whites, succeeding to it on the 

*Vide Wood, Sketch of First Settlement; Prime, History; Thomp- 
son, History; Beauchamp, Aborignal Occupation of New York; 
Skinner, Indians of Greater New York; Ruttenber, Indian Tribes of 
Hudson River; &c. There seem to have been here and there small 
groups known by other names, such as the Accobacks on Peconic 
River, but their relations are very obscure. The Accobacks were 
conquered by the Shinnecocks. 

tVide, map, p. 90, Farrand, Basis of Am. Hist. 

tFor confirmation of Indian deed for Hempstead by Sachem of 
Montauks, 1657, see Col. Docts , Vol. XIV, p. 416. 



22 HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

death of his brother Poggatacut, of the Manhansetts in 
1652.* 

Speaking generally, the Montaiiks hved east of the 
Southampton-East Hampton boundary hne, the Shinne- 
cocks,t under their sachem, Nowedonah, on the land 
westward from the Montauks to West Hampton, and 
the Manhansetts, under Poggatacut, and, later, 
Youghco, on Shelter, Hog, and Ram Islands. 

The tribes, at least on the East End, had been for 
some time under tribute to the Pequots, when the 
Pequot War broke out in i637.§ At that time, there 
were no white settlements, even of individuals, on the 
eastern part of the island, but Wyandance added his 
forces to the English, joining Capt. Stoughton three 
days after the battle of Mystic and being present at the 
great swamp fight. 1 Upon the conclusion of the war, 
the Long Island tribute formerly paid to the Pequots 
was received by the English, on the score of protection 
afforded. J The subsequent relations between the 
whites and Indians, after settlement by the former, will 
be considered in later chapters. 

*"The death of Sachem Poggatacut, in 1651 [sic] was an impor- 
tant event with the Indians. His remains were transported for 
burial from Shelter Id. to Montaukett. In removing the body, the 
bearers rested the bier by the side of the road leading from Sag 
Harbor to East Hampton, near the 3rd [4th] milestone where a 
small excavation was made to designate the spot . . . about 
12 inches in depth and 18 in diameter, in the form of a mortar. 
. From that time to the present, more than 190 years [and 
until the new road passed over it in 1846] neither leaf nor stone nor 
anything has been suffered to remain in it." Gardiner, Chronicles; 
Prime, History; Ayres, Legends of Montauk. This locality is known 
as Buckskill, from Buc-usk-Kill, the resting place- Josselyn Cuffee, 
Lords of the Soil. Sunset Rock on Hogneck was called by the 
Indians, Poggatacut's Throne. It was shivered by lightning in 1892, 
and the Indian tradition was that when it should be hurled from its 
foundation, a part of their inheritance should be restored to them. 
Ibid., p. 10. 

fOne writer, in 1701., states that the Shinnecocks were the great- 
est tribe on Long Island. Wolley, Journal, p- 54. 

§They had also been subject to attacks by the Mohawks and Skin- 
ner states, Indians of Greater New York, p. 83, that "the surviving 
Shinnecocks, a few years ago, still held memories of Mohawk raids 
and massacres." 

1 Gardiner, Chronicles, p. 7. 

tGardiner, &c. Also Col. Docts , Vol. XIV, p. 627; Plymouth Col- 
ony Reeds. Vol. IX, p. 18; Tooker, Ind Place Names, p. 32, et seq. 




Indian Earthenware Jar found at Sag Harbor 

(.\'i>\v in RrnoUlvn Institute Museum) 



HISTORV OF THE TOIIS Of SOLTIL-iMl'TON 2:\ 

As to the numbers of the Indians settled on Lung- 
Island, no estimate can be more than guess work Rut*^ 
tenber states that tradition names soo as the force ol 
hg-htmg men that could be put in the held by the iMan- 
hassetts,|| which I think can be heavily discounted, as 
can all references to their being numerous as the leaves 
of the forest, blades of grass, and other such poetical 
census taking. It must be remembered that the In 
dians were mainly hunters and not agriculturists, and 
plenty a^s game and fish may have been, the land might 
be, as Trumbull quaintly says of Connecticut, "replete 
with Indians"* and yet the population be very limited 
Beyond the inferences to be derived from the part they 
played m continental Indian relations and the fact that 
for nearly forty years after the white settlements were 
lounded, the Imlians still remained objects of suspicion 
and tear to the then fairly numerous whites, we can af- 
firm nothing. § 

Their language was a dialect or branch of the Algon- 
qum and closely related to that spoken on the other 
side of the Sound. f Gardiner in 1798. stated it to be the 
same as the Nianticks' of Lyme and the Moheags of Nor- 
wich, and that it was "low and soft when compared to 
that of the hve nations."! He also savs that at that 
time there were only four or five who could still speak 
a, and Harrington states (1Q03) that it was probablv 
fifty or sixty years ago that the Shinnecock language 
died ou t^ aUhough spoken by Wickham CufTee's par- 

II Ind. Tribes, p. 74. Tooker points out that the great abundance 
or hsh may have permitted a denser population than would other- 
wise have been possible (Ind. Fishing Stations, p. 18.) 

*Hist. of Conn., Vol. I, p. 5 

§ Farrand says of the Indian population of the U. S., "The num- 
ber of aborigines has been absurdly overestimated. Clearly, when 
the whites first appeared the population was very small in propor- 
tion to the enormous territory which it occupied " Basis of Am 

nist., i>. yy. 

fThe Indian languages were of the "agglutinative" type and so 
gave rise to words of extraordinary length. The longest I have 
m"!1 ' V^, '^''',-^ signifies simply "our question," is given by 
Mather (Magnalia, Vol. I, p. 561) and is written Kummogkodonat- 
toottummooltiteaongannunnonash. 

JGardiner, Observations, &c , N. Y. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1869, p. 257. 



24 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ents in their childhood. || The only fragments of the 
language remaining today are the two vocabularies 
made by Gardiner from the lips of Montauks in 1798 
and by Harrington among the Shinnecocks in 1903.* 

Of their personal appearance, when first encountered 
by Europeans, we have only general descriptions, there 
being no authentic early portrait in existence. The pen 
drawing of an Atlantic Coast Indian, reproduced in this 
volume, was engraved on an old powder horn dated 
1799, from the Moravian settlement of Bethlehem, Pa., 
it being the property of Mr. Stewart Culin of the Brook- 
lyn Institute Museum. It is considered as very faithful. 
The two photographs, of Sylvester and Stephen 
Pharoah, Montauks, were taken in Sag Harbor in 1867, 
when the former was 63 and the latter 44 years old, the 
contemporary inscription stating that they were both 
full blooded.f Farrand classes the Algonquins as phy- 
sically among the best of the aborigines, tall and 
strong,! and this is borne out by all observers from the 
earliest to the latest times. A writer describes them in 
1649 as "generally well limbed, slender around the 
waist, broad-shouldered; all having black hair and 
brown eyes, they are very nimble and swift of pace, well 
adapted to travel on foot and to carry heavy burdens. 
Generally the men have little or no beard, some even 
pluck it out."§ Wooley, writing in 1701 said of them 

II Harrington, Shinnecock Notes, p. 39. Stiles wrote in 1761, that 
there were then about 20 or 30 families at Montauk, about 40 men. 
Ext. from the Itineraries, pp. 156 and 157, 

*The Gardiner list has been reprinted in Wood, Macauley, Bayles 
and Lambert. The Harrington list is in his notes- (Journ. Am, 
Folklore.) 

tSylvester was at that time "King" of the Montauks, and Ste- 
phen "heir apparent." Stephen was sometimes called Stephen Talk- 
house and is said to have walked from Brooklyn to Montauk in a 
day (1878). At that time, the Montauks used frequently to walk 
over to Sag Harbor, and I am told that they would never follow the 
road, but cut straight through the woods, travelling at a good pace. 

JFarrand, Basis, p. 150. 

§ Remonstrance of New Netherland- Col. Docts., Vol. I, p. 281, 
Apparently in most cases the men removed all the hair from their 
heads except the long scalp lock, or some other arrangement left, 
and in the case of the Shinnecocks we know that they used to 
singe the hair off by rubbing it with red hot stones, before the in- 
troduction of metal tools by the whites. Skinner, Ind. of Greater 
N. Y., p. 21, Note 3. Also Catlin, No. Am Indians, Vol. II, p. 23- 



HISTORY OF THE TOIfN OF SOUTH AM FTON 25 

that "'they are stately and well proportioned in Sym- 
metry through the whole Oeconomy of their bodies, so 
that 1 cannot say I observed any natural deformity in 
any of them," and further characterizes them as "of a 
clayish colour, the Hair of their Heads generally black, 
lank and long, hanging down."t Those in Southampton 
who remembered the Shinnecocks who lost their lives 
in 1877 i^^ the wreck of the Circassian, constituting prac- 
tically all the remaining full bloods of the tribe, speak of 
them as "noble looking, strong and tall." 

Of their clothing and adornment, one of the early 
writers already quoted, wrote that that "of men as of 
women consists of a piece of duffels or of deerskin leather 

or elk hide around the body Some have a bear 

skin of which they make doublets; others again coats of 
the skin of raccoons, wild cats, wolves, dogs, fishes, 
squirrels, beavers and the like ; and they even have made 

themselves some of turkey's feathers they make 

their stockings and shoes of deerskins or elk hides, some 
even have shoes of corn-husks whereof they also make 

sacks Their ornaments consist of scoring their 

bodies or painting them of various colors, sometimes 
entirely black, if they are in mourning; but mostly the 
face. They twine both white and black wampum 
around their heads; formerly they were not wont to 
cover these, but now they are beginning to wear bon- 
nets or caps they wear wampum in the ears, 

around the neck and around the waist, and thus in their 
way are mighty fine. They have also long deers-hair, 
v/hich is dyed red, whereof they make ringlets to en- 
circle the head ; and other fine hair of the same color, 
which hangs around the neck in braids, whereof they 
are very vain. They frequently smear their skin and 
hair with all sorts of grease."* 

Except in cold weather or when journeying, their 
costume seems to have frequently been far less ample 
than is suggested above, consisting merely of a Hap of 
cloth in front for the men and of nothing at all for the 

fC. W. Wooley [more correctly Wolley], Journal, pp- 27-28. 
*Remonstrance, supra. Col. Docts., Vol. I. p. 282 



20 HISTORY OF THE TOHN Of SOVTHAMFTON 

young" boys or children.* Of the smearing of their bod- 
ies, and the reason for it, Wooley writes that "they pre- 
serve their skins smooth by anointing them with the 
Oyl of Fishes, the fat of Eagles, and the grease of Rac- 
koons, which they hold in the Summer the best Antidote 
to Keep their skins from blistering by the scorching 
Sun, the best Armour against the Musketto's ; the surest 
expeller of the hairy Excrement and stopper of the 
Pores of their Bodies against the Winter's cold. "J 

Their food consisted mostly of wild edible nuts and 
roots, fish and game, while their main cultivated crop 
was Indian corn. They seem to have been very fond of 
ground nuts and from the name of one variety, called 
by them Sagabon, derived the name Sagaponack, "the 
place where the big ground nuts grow," and so also, in- 
directly, that of Sag Harbor. In cultivating their crops 
of corn they are said by some observers to have exer- 
cised a considerable amount of care, using clam-shell 
hoes, manuring the hills with fish, and keeping the 
ground free from weeds. From this corn, unparched, 
they made a kind of meal porridge called in Narragansett 
nasaump from which the whites derived the name 
samp for the dish which they made of beaten and boiled 
corn, and which proved, as Williams said, "exceeding 
wholesome for the English bodies."! 

They caught and used the shell fish of various kinds, 
and in addition were expert fishermen with hook and 
hne, the hooks being made of carved bone and the lines 

*"Their ordinary habit is a pair of Indian Breeches, like Adam's 
Apron to cover that which modesty commands to be hid, which is 
a piece of cloth about a yard and a half long, put between their 
groins, tied with a Snake's Skin about their middle, and ha,nging 
down with a flap before." Wooley, Journal, p. 28- 

"Although the winters are very severe, they go naked until their 
thirteenth year; the lower parts only of the girls' bodies are covered. 
The men wear between the legs a lap of dufl'els cloth, or leather, half 
an ell broad and nine quarters long; so that a square piece hangs 
over the buttocks and in front over the belly. The women wear a 
petticoat down midway the leg, very richly ornamented with 
seawant." Arnoldus.Montanus, Doc. Hist., Vol. IV, p. 125. 

Wooley, Journal, p. 28. 

fWilliams, Key, p. 41. 




T3.J1 






HISTORY OF THE TOlfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 27 

of hemp.* They also used seines and set-nets as well as 
long arrows tied with a line, while they practised crab- 
bing in the modern fashion of simply a piece of meat and 
a string. Their especial dainty consisted of the tails and 
fins of whales and their retention of these delicacies, as 
will be noted later, formed part of many contracts and 
even deeds in their business relations with the whites. 
It is rather odd that though hsh thus formed a large part 
of their diet, they had not learned how to preserve 
it by salting. They also hunted and ate, however, all 
sorts of game, in which, if we may believe Denton, their 
taste must have been somewhat liberal as it included not 
only venison but "Polecats, Skunks, Racoon, Possum, 
Turtles'!' and the like."§ 

The use of tobacco seems to have been general, and 
one interesting feature in connection with it is that it 
was the only crop which was not left to the care of the 
women, the men, according to Williams, laboring at it 
themselves.! Its ceremonial use, however, was not ori- 
ginally known among the eastern Indians and the "pipe 
of peace" was a southern and western institution ap- 
parently unknown, or at least not practised, in the east 
until an Indian conference in Albany in 1723.II 

There was much intercourse with the mainland both 
of a peaceful and warlike nature, the means of trans- 
port consisting of canoes which were apparently all of 
the dug-out type, two forms of which are shown in the 
picture of New Amsterdam in this volume. They were 

*"The Indians make thread of Nettles pill'd when full ripe, pure 
white and fine, and likewise another sort of brownish thread of a 
small weed almost like Willow, which grows in the Wood, about 
three foot high, which is called Indian hemp, of which they likewise 
make ropes and bring them to sell, which wears as strong as our 
Hemp, only it won't endure wet so well" Wooley, Journal, p. 52. 
t "And Tortoise sought for by the Indian Squaw. 
Which to the flats daunce many a winters Jigge 
To dive for Codes, and to digge for Clams 
Whereby her lazie husbands guts she cramms." 

Woods, New Eng., Prospect, p. 36. 
§ Denton, Bi'ief Description, p. 7. It was stated of the Narragan- 
setts in 1602 that they ate snakes 4 feet long. Brereton's Briefe 
and true Relation [Sailors' Narratives], p. 50- 
tWilliams, Key. p. 43. 
It Beauchamp, Civil, Relig. and Mourning Councils pp. 432 et seq. 



28 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

made by alternately charring and scraping out the heart 
of a log, and evidently were sometimes of great size, 
although Gov. Winthrop's definite statement that the 
Indians of eastern Long Island had "many canoes so 
great as one will carry eighty men" seems exaggerated* 
in view of the other references collected below. § 

They were propelled by means of long paddles, the 
savages "standing upright and steady, which is their 
usual posture for despatch." || The dug-outs do not 
seem to have had any keels and must have been rather 
uncertain craft, but the Indians were good swimmers, 
though in their own way. Wood writing that "their 
swimming is not after our English fashion of spread 
armes and legges which they hold too tiresome, but 
like dogges their armes before them cutting through 
the liquids with their right shoulder; in this manner they 
swim very swift and farre, either in rough or smooth 
waters, sometimes for their ease lying as still as a log.f" 

Their habitations were usually near the water, but 
evidences of their dwelling places are found everywhere 

*Winthrop, Hist, of New Eng., Vol. I, p. 134. 

§"0f these [dug: out canoesl they make greater and lesser. Some 
I have seen will carry twenty persons, being forty or fifty feet in 
length, and as broad as the tree will bear" Gookin, Hist. Coll., 
1674. Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1792, p. 152. 

"Some of them are very large, I have sometimes sailed with ten, 
twelve and fourteen persons in one of these hollow Trees. We have 
in one colony a wooden Canoe taken from the Indians, which will 
easily carry two hundred Schepel [Schepel — 3 pecks] of Wheat." 
Megapolensis, Short Acct. of the Maquas, Hazard Hist. Coll., Vol. I, 
p. 523. 

"Some of which are very large, and I have frequently seen eigh- 
teen or twenty seated in a hollow log, going along the river [Hud- 
son] and I have myself had a wooden canoe in which I could carry 
two hundred and twenty-five bushels of maize." de Vries' Journal, 
N Y. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1857, p. 95. 

"A canoe without mast or sail, and without a nail in any part of 
it though it is sometimes full forty feet in length." Bankers and 
Sluyter, Journal, p. 125. 

"The Pequods . . . came down the River of Connecticut . . . 
in three or more Canoes, with about one hundred men." Mather, 
Rel. of the Troubles in New Eng., ed. 1864, p- 119. 

"Some of them will not well carry above three or foure; but some 
of them, twenty, thirty, forty men." Williams, Key, p. 132. 

llWooley, Journal, p. 46 

tWood, New Eng. Prospect, p. 98. 



HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 29 

throughout the Town, near springs, brooks, ponds, and 
on sunny hill slopes as well as along the many creeks 
and coves of the shore line. Beside many individual 
lodge sites, a number of villages of considerable size 
existed and have been located. The Manhansetts 
probably had four on Shelter Island, while the Mon- 
tauks had an extensive settlement of "half a hundred" 
wigwams on the west side of Three Mile Harbor. There 
was a large village of Shinnecocks, with many graves, 
at the foot of Sleight's Hill within the present limits of 
Sag Harbor, another on the slope of the hill near the 
spring at the foot of Long Beach near the Noyac Road, 
and tradition relates that long after the settlement by 
the whites, their wigwams stood at the end of Round 
Pond. They also had a large cemetery near their fort 
about half way between Southampton Village and the 
Shinnecock Hills, and there was evidently a considerable 
settlement about Canoe Place. Many individual 
graves, smaller cemeteries, and lodge sites have been 
located, as on Doxsee Neck, on the land of Mr. Chas. T, 
Ludlow, Bridgehampton, at the head of Little Pond, 
Wainscott, on the land west of Sam's Creek, and else- 
where.* 

While some of the villages may have been palisad- 
oed, as shown in the picture, the individual wigwams 
were of light construction and could be built in a few- 
hours wherever required. Mr. Harrington, in his brief 
article on the Shinnecocks, gives a description of one of 
them as given to him by members of the tribe who re- 
membered them. "Poles were bent into intersecting 
arches until a dome-shaped frame was made from lo to 
20 feet in diameter. After all the poles had been tied 
firmly together, and horizontal strips put in place, the 
whole was thatched wMth a species of grass called blue 
vent, put on in overlapping rows, and sewed fast to the 
strips. When the top was reached, a hole was left open 
for the escape of smoke, and the edges of the aperture 
plastered with clay to prevent the thatch from catching 
fire. The ground plan was circular or oval, sometimes 

*W. W. Tooker, Lecture Bklyn. Inst., Nov- 21, 1892; Beauchamp, 
Aboriginal Occup. of N. Y.. passim. 



30 HISTORY OF THE TOlfN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

divided into rooms by partitions of wattle work and 
thatch. The door frame was an arched pole, the door 
of wood or sometimes merely a curtain of skins and 
mats. An elevated bench or couch of poles generally 
encircled the interior, beneath which the goods were 
stored. In at least one case, at a place where poles were 
difftcult to procure, the floor was dug out in the middle 
so as to leave a shelf around the wall which answered 
the purpose of bed, seat and table. The fireplace was in 
the centre. Even today out-door store houses are made 
by digging a hole and covering it with a roof of poles 
and thatch."* 

They had a number of forts, two of which were lo- 
cated on Montauk, one on Fort Hill and the other on 
the Nominick Hills, near Napeague, nothing now mark- 
mg the site of the latter though mentioned in the deed 
of 1661. There was also one on Shelter Island, prob- 
ably near the South Ferry across the creek from Sach- 
em's Neck, and two belonging to the Shinnecocks, the 
one already mentioned and another which is thought to 
have stood at "Seponack old ground." These forts were 
simply stockaded village sites much as shown in the 
picture perhaps, though that is of Indians nearer New 
York. The one at Montauk formed a perfect square, 
180 feet each way, with one entrance near the south- 
east angle.f The stockade was made by ramming young 
trees, 10 or 12 feet high, into the ground, which was 
then dug out inside and piled against the palisade, leav- 
ing loop holes for defence. Signal fires were kindled 
when need demanded, and it is said that the four eastern 
tribes could be brought together in a few hours. 

♦Harrington, Shinnecock Notes, Journ. Am- Folklore, op. cit. 
These out door store houses were called "Indian barns" and early 
became a subject of Town legislation on account of danger of cat- 
tle stepping into them. T. R., Vol. I, p. 22. This also included In- 
dian wells which were made by driving hollow trunks of pepperidge 
trees into the ground. 

tVide, W- W. Tooker, Express, Mar. 22, 1888. The description in 
Gardiner's Chronicles, p. 72, though constantly quoted is incorrect. 
There were also 136 Indian graves inside and outside the walls. I 
visited the site, June, 1917, and the low running mound marking 
the outline of the fort is still about a foot or so high on the north- 
ern and southern bounds. Many of the graves are still distinctly 
marked. 



HISTURV OF THE TOlIN Of SOLTIIAMI'TON 31 

Wherever they abode, the usual traces of their pres- 
ence are the remains of old fires and the shell heaps* in 
which are found nearly everythin<^ they used, not of a 
perishable nature. f 

Many fragments of pottery have been found, but as 
yet no perfect vessel; though many years ago, while 
terracing a garden in Sag Harbor, an Indian grave con- 
taining a skeleton was unearthed, and in it Mr. Tooker 
found 184 pieces of pottery, which were fitted together 
to form the urn shown in the illustration. Much of the 
Long" Island pottery was ornamented by "cords, incised 
lines, by the impression of the thumb, by the finger 
nail, and in other ways. 'J The Algonquin pottery was 
very distinct from the Iroquois, the pots of the former 
being always more or less pointed on the bottom and 
having no raised rim or constricted neck, while the latter 
had a round bottom, the rim raised and the neck much 
constricted. The Jroquois' influence became less and 
less marked toward the east end of Long Island, and 
among the thousands of fragments found by the expe- 
dition of the American Museum of Natural History on 
the Shinnecock Hills not a single piece of the Iroquois 
type was present. § 

Arrow heads were made of many materials, the most 
common one being quartz, which occurs in great abun- 

*"The typical shell heap is not a 'heap' at all, for leaf mold, the 
wash from the neighboring high ground and often cultivation have 
made it level with its surroundings. Very often, unless the land be 
plovved, no shells whatever show on the surface, and the only way of 
finding out the condition of things below the sod is to test with a 
spade or a crowbar." Harrington, Ancient Shell Heaps near N. Y 
City, Am. Mus. of Nat. Hist. Anthrop. Papers, HI, p. 169. 

fA shell heap dug up at Hogneck was described by Tooker as 
follows: "Ashes were plentiful and the shells in some places were 
packed so dense that excavating was laborious. The sand below the 
deposit showed the effect of fire very plainly. In a space of 10 ft 
square, I found 5 bone needles, many notched sinkers, 3 hammer 
stones, 2 sharpening stones, some broken celts, a few arrow points, 
quartz and jasper chippings, nearly a peck of pottery fragments, 
a perforated piece of a potstone vessel, 5 pieces of graphite and va- 
rious other objects. Under all apeared a hearth of stone covered 
with charcoal." Bklyn. Inst. Lect., op. cit. 

tClay was also the common material used in making their pipes 
and so, although the stems are common, the bowls are rarely found- 

§Harrington, Ancient Shell Heaps, op. cit., p. 174. 



32 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

-dance in the form of pebbles and is easily worked, al- 
though on the Hills some have been found made of 
bone, the marrow canal being used as a socket for the 
arrow shaft.* The points were of two types, triangular 
and notched, and it is thought the former variety was 
that used in war from its being less firmly fastened and 
so more likely to remain in the flesh if the arrow were 
withdrawn.! Spear points were occasionally made of the 
same material as well as of jasper, but more usually of 
steatite, which is friable and easily broken. They are 
very rare as compared with the arrow heads, although 
sometimes several and once as many as ten have been 
found in a single deposit. Among other stone imple- 
ments which are occasionally found here are celts, or 
chisels, axes,! skinning knives, grooved and ungrooved 
adzes, notched net sinkers, the stones on which wam- 
pum shells were rubbed to round them, pestles, mortars, 
&c.|| The large mortars were usually of wood, gener- 
ally of the pepperidge tree, which is noted for its tough- 
ness and freedom from splitting, the hollows being 
made, as in the case of canoes, by charring and scraping. 
The large stone pestles were used in these big wooden 
mortars, which are excessively rare, the smaller stone 
corn mills or herb mortars being much more common 
and" frequently of excellent workmanship. Copper ar- 
ticles are scarce, and when found, like those made of 
potstone or steatite, indicate intercourse with the main- 
land. 

The most noted product of the Long Island Indians 
was, of course, the wampum for which the East End 

*Harrington, Shell Heaps, op. cit., p. 172. 

fSkinner, Archaeology of the N- Y. Coastal Algonkin, Atn. Mus. 
Nat. Hist., Anthrop. Papers, HI, p. 213. 

f'Their axes and knives they made of white Flint-stones; and 
with a Flint they will cut down any tree as soon as a carpenter, with 
a Hatchet, which experiment was tried of late years by a Mr. Crabb, 
of Alford in Lincolnshire, for a considerable wager, who cut down 
a large Tree with a Flint, handled the Indian way, with an unex- 
pected art and quickness." Wooley, Journal, p. 52- 

II There is nothing distinctively characteristic or of any special 
interest in any such finds on Long Island. There are wagon loads 
of such material in almost every museum. The interest is local and 
romantic rather than scientific. 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 33 

was famous, and which probably suppHed the motive of 
the Pequots in conquering and subjecting to tribute 
these expert workmen who dwelt where the shells used 
in its manufacture were unusually abundant.* This 
wampum, as every school boy knows, was the money of 
the Indians, and, as a convenient medium of exchange, 
both with the Indians and among themselves, was 
adopted by the colonists almost everywhere. The shells 
were of two kinds, white and black, (rather, a dark blue 
or purple), the former being usually made from the peri- 
winkle shell of the species F. Canaliculata and F. Carica, 
and the latter from the shell of the round clam, Venus 
Mercenaria. While the exchange value of wampum in 
English money varied somewhat according to both 
time and place, the black seems to have always been 
worth double the white. Speaking generally, three of 
the black passed for a penny, as did six of the white. 
Each bead, which was about the size of a straw and 1-4 
to 1-3 of an inch long, was bored lengthwise, and was 
made by chipping the shell down to about the proper 
size and then rubbing it on the stones mentioned above 
to round and smooth it. So well was this done that 
counterfeiting was practically impossible, though at- 
tempted by some of the whites. They were used as or- 
naments as well as money, just as gold is today, and the 
coats of the Chief were sometimes adorned with them, 
while belts made of them came to have a ceremonial 
value. II 

Of their social customs, we learn from Occumf in 
regard to marriage that there were four methods in 
vogue. According to the first, upon the birth of the 
children or soon after, the parents would plan the match, 

♦"Gardiner's Bay and the east end of Long Island were the origi- 
nal seat of the wampum trade in New York, less ancient than has 
been supposed, and thence it reached the New England coast in re- 
cent times." Beauchamp, Wampum and Shell Articles used by the 
N. Y. Indians, p- 332. 

II In addition to Beauchamp. cit. supra, vide Weeden, Indian Money 
as a Factor in New Eng. Civilization. 

fRev. Samson Occum, An Acct. of the Montauk Indians on Long 
Island, A- D., 1761, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Vol. X, pp. 105-111 (1809). 
Gardiner in his Chronicles generally follows Occum. 



34 HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

the father of the boy visiting the parents of the girl, 
with a skin or two, a blanket or other presents and tell- 
ing his errand. If the girl's parents did not agree they 
would return the gifts, and the man would go elsewhere, 
but if they accepted, a great feast would be made ready. 
Both sets of parents would prepare many presents, in- 
vite guests, and at the appointed time the girl's parents 
would take her up, march to the boy's house and there 
deliver her. Both children would then be nursed alter- 
nately by both mothers, or, if weaned, would always eat 
out of the same dish. The ceremonies were not binding 
upon the children, however, and when they grew up 
they could marry or not as they chose. According to 
a second method, more or less the same performance 
would be gone through with by the parents after the 
children were grown, or, again, the children could choose 
for themselves and tell their parents, when a feast would 
be made for them. Finally, under some circumstances, 
a woman could bake a few cakes in ashes, put them in a 
basket, and take them to a man, the marriage being con- 
summated without further ceremonies. 

The naming of a child was also the occasion of fes- 
tivities, including a feast, dancing, and the giving of 
many gifts, each guest receiving one pronouncing the 
child's name. This was not necessarily its permanent 
one, however, and it was common for a child to be 
named, and differently, several times. Names among 
them, as among Indians generally, were of great im- 
portance, and that of the dead was never mentioned.* 

Another great occasion for festivity was what the 
Dutch called a "Kintecoy" and the English a ''Cantica" 
and of which a description is found in Denton. These, I 
think, were usually held in the spring,! sometimes tribes 
uniting in holding them, and they served occasionally as 

*0n the subject of Indian personal names in general cf. Farrand, 
Basis, pp. 202 et seq. 

+"The Shinnecocks and Montauks still hold June meeting," ap- 
parently a memory of some ancient ceremony. Skinner, Indians of 
Greater N. Y., p. 55. 



HISTORT OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 35 

matters of grave alarm to the whites.J "At their Can- 
ticas or dancing matches," writes Denton, 'Vhere all 
persons that come are freely entertained, it being a Fes- 
tival time. Their custom is when they dance, everyone 
but the Dancers to have a short stick in their hand, and 
to knock the ground and sing altogether, whilst they 
that dance sometimes act warlike postures, and then 
they come m painted for war with their faces black and 
red, or some all black, some all red, with some streaks 
of white under their eyes, and so jump and leap up and 
down without any order, uttering many expressions of 
their intended valour. For other Dances they onlv 
shew what Antick tricks their ignorance will lead them 
to, wringing of their bodies and faces after a strange 
manner, somedmes jumping into the fire, sometimes 
catching up a Fire-brand, and biting off a live coal with 
many such tricks that will aif right, if not please an' Eng- 
lishman to look upon them, resembling rather a com- 
pany of infernal Furies than men."t 

The ceremonies connected with death and burial 
were elaborate. Upon death, the body was given over 
to the care of the women and powwas, and after beino- 
washed was adorned with all the gala finery of the de- 
ceased, as well as more given for the occasion, while 
the face of the dead was painted. The corpse was then 
borne to its grave by young men, preceded and followed 
by women making loud outcries of lamentation The 
body was placed in a sitting posture about two feet be- 
low ground, and the personal attire and war equipment 
ot the dead buried with it, while for the support of the 
spirit on Its way to its final abode, a bowl of samp was 
placed upon the grave.* The wigwam in which the 
death occurred was then destroyed and a new one built 
torjthejam^lj^^lournin^st^ a year and consisted of 
Tw'fif WarranTi^ued^Decy 13, 1675, "WhereaTTTnTlnfoi^ed 
Jacent aVeTn ? fiw'r^' \* ^v?^^^"^' Unchachauge arS PartsTd 
whrch'be'nJ un.S^l r.l-'' ?-^^' ^ ^""^^ Kintecoy at Sequetalke; 
XIV, p 709 ^™^ ^ y^^""^'" *^^- Col. Docts., Vol. 

t Denton, Brief Description, p 11 



36 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

the women of the family painting their faces black, lay- 
ing aside all ornaments and joining in no festivities, but 
at the close of the period a great dance was given last- 
ing from sunset to sunrise. 

Although there was little or nothing to distinguish 
the Long Island Indians from the rest of the Coastal 
Algonquins, I have yet attempted to collect all data from 
local sources, but in reference to Sachems and their pow- 
ers 1 have found no other early description so good as 
Gov. Winslow's, which I therefore give in his own 
words. "Their sachems," writes the Governor, "Cannot 
all be called Kings, but only some few of them to whom 
the rest resort for protection and pay homage unto 

them Every sachem taketh care of the widow 

and fatherless; also such as are aged or in any way 
maimed, if their friends be dead or not able to provide 
for them. A sachem will not take any to wife but such 
an one as is equal to him in birth; otherwise they say 
their seed would in time become ignoble; and although 
they have many other wives yet are they no other than 
concubines or servants This government is suc- 
cessive and not by choice; if the father die before the 
son or daughter be of age, then the child is committed 
to the protection and tuition of some one amongst them, 
who ruleth in his stead till he be of age, but when that 
is, I know not. Every sachem knoweth how far the 
bounds and limits of his own country extendeth ; and 
that is his own proper inheritance; out of that, if any of 
his men desire land to set their corn, he giveth them as 
much as they can use, and sets them in their bounds. In 
this circuit, whoever hunteth, if any kill venison, they 
bring him his fee, which is four parts of the same, if it 
be killed on land, but if in the water, then the skin there- 
of All travelers or strangers for the most part 

lodge at the sachem's.* 

This question of the power and authority of the 
sachems was a most important one for the settlers, es- 
pecially in connection with sales and boundaries of 

*Winslow, Narrative of the Plantations, in New England's Me- 
morial, ed. 1855, p. 489. 



HISTORY Of THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 37 

land, and receives interesting- illustration in the Town 
Records. For example, in reference to the boundary dis- 
pute between Southampton and Southold we read as 
follows: "And the said Indians "(after long- debate) 
joyntly answered that ye young eagles that vvere taken 
in the ilests, and the deere that were drowned or killed 
m the water, It was ye Indians customs to carry ye said 
eagles & the skins of the Deere to those Sachems or In- 
dians that were ye true owners of ye land, thereupon 
Ihomas Stanton [the interpreter] presently replyed 
saymg, mdeed the eagles & the deere were something, 
but if there were a beare killed or drowned, that wouM 
put the matter out of controversie. And the deponent 
heard Southampton Indians affirme that there was a 
beare drowned or killed in ye same tract of land now in 
controversie between ye said Townes, then Thomas 
Stanton asked to whom the skin was carried, and South- 
ampton Indians answered to Shinnecock Indians. And 
Southold Indians allsoe acknowledged that ve said beare 
skm was carryed to Shenecock Indians by 'ye Southold 
Indians whoe tooke ye beare." Tracing the title still 
higher the investigation continues, "I saw Mandush 
(whoe was a man reputed & acknowledged generally by 
all Indians in these parts to be the great Sachem's sonne 
of Shmecock) cutt up a turf of ground in Southampton, 
and delivering- ,t to Wyandanch gave up all his right 
and interest unto him. And hee the said Mandush with 

many other of the chiefes of Shinecock Indians did 

manifest their consent by their ordinary sign of 

stroking Wyandanch on the back." AEandush also told 
Wyandanch^hat "now hee would be all one dogge"* 

"f,7f.^;A y°-' m' PP- i^^ ^^ s^^- This delivery of title to land by 
turt and twig was frequently used by the settlers throughout the 
colonies and dates from at least Saxon times. (Vide, T. R.T Vol. Ill, 
P il^, V, p. 293 and elsv/here). Also Southold, T. R. Vol I n 158- 
i^ssex Quarterly Courts, passim; Brodhead, Vol. II, p 166- Village 
f^Zw^'^V-f «f Cape Ann; and Palgrave's Anglo-sLon, p 126 !s 
I turf fron. ".."''^^ ^'"^'^ ' , " "/^hen land was sold, the owner cut 
a. a tripT ti . f^""" '''^^'"'^ and cast it in the lap of the purchaser, 
w!.ff fT u ^^^ possession of the earth was transferred; or he 
ff \ S\''ru"''n^ °^ ^ ^''^^ ^"d put it in the hand of the grantee 

oif^'Ind when fl " "\' '" be entitled to all the products of the 
son. And when the purchaser of a house received seizin or pos- 



38 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

The question of Indian land titles is most obscure as 
well as interesting and will be briefly discussed in the 
next chapter in connection with the settlers' purchase. 

Another difficult question in connection with the In- 
dians, as with all races of a low order, was that of their re- 
ligion. The most striking feature of that of the North 
American aborigines, everywhere manifested was its 
marked dualism, which is also exhibited in that of our local 
tribes in the account given by Gardiner in his Chronicles. 

"They had gods in great numbers; many of lesser 
influence having particular charges, and two of exalted 
degree, the good and evil Deity, having a general super- 
intendance and control, as well over all other gods as 
over men. There was a god of the four corners of the 
earth, and the four seasons of the year; another of the 
productions of the earth; another of the elements; one 
of the day and night; and a god of the hearth, the family 
and domestic relations. The great, good and supreme 
Deity they called Caulkluntoowut, which signifies one 
possessed of supreme power. The great evil spirit was 
named Mutcheshesumetooh, which signifies evil power. 
They worshipped and offered sacrifices to these gods at 
all times. They had small idols or images which they 
believed knew the will of the gods, and a regular Priest- 
hood by whom these idols were consulted. The Priests 
were called Powawas or Powwas, and declared to the 
people what the gods required of them ; when dances 
and feasts should be made; when presents should be 
given to the old people ; when sacrifices should be offered 
to the gods and of what kind. The Powwas pretended 
to hold intercourse with the gods, in dreams, and with 
the evil spirits in particular, who appeared to them un- 
der different forms and by voices in the air. These were 
the medicine men. They administered to the sick; re- 
lieved those affected with evil spirits and poison, and by 

session, the key of the door, or a bundle of thatch plucked from the 
roof signified that the dwelling had been yielded up to him." In the 
T. R., Vol. V, p. 299 (1692) occurs an example of the sale of a house 
and lot by delivery of "a clod of the said land, and the ring or key of 
the door" 



HISTORY OF THE TOlfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 
incantation and charms, protected the people froi 
harm. Subject to the Powwas' influence neither c 
tire burn them, nor water drown them, nor could 
receive any injury whatever. 

"The most savory sacrifice made to the great [ 
was the tail or fin of the whale, which they roasted, 
leviathan from which it was taken was at times f( 
cast upon the sea-shore, and then a great and proloi 
powow, or religious festival was held. At these t 
vals great efforts were supposed to be necessary to 
the Evil One without the circle of their incantations, 
presence it was believed, would defeat the object oi 
Powwas in the procurement of the favor and partic 
regard to the good deity. Violent gesticulations, 
yells and laborious movements of the limbs and b 
with distortion of the features, were continued until 
excitement produced approached to madness. \V 
the Evil Spirit was supposed to be subjugated, the di 
and the feast commenced. It is among the Indian 
ditions that the existence of the Evil Spirit was 
denced by his having, when driven from the feast. 
the imprint of his foot upon a granite rock on Mont: 
and made three holes in the ground at regular distan 
where he alighted in three several leaps from the st 
on which he had stood, and then disappeared.* 

"They believed in a future state of existence; i 
their souls would go westward a great distance', 
many moons journey to a place where the spirits ol 
would reside and where, in the presence of their gi 
Sawwonnuntoh beyond the setting sun, the brave 
the good would exercise themselves in pleasureable si 

the'^T^%^*w']!7Q^ -^^ impression of a foot is now in the museui 
the L I. Hist. Society, Brooklyn. Mr. S. O. Hedges gives me 
other legend in regard to it as follows: "On a rock in the m 

t^be of'?nS7'''r I"' '' ¥«"u^^"k' ^ -aide'n' of the Moni 
f,f f.- 7" ^""^^f"^ ^ ^""^^^ «^ the Narragansetts were abou 
iUT '" wedlock, but a jealous lover of the maiden cut s 
the ceremony by an arrow shot into the body of the brideg? 
Un tflR'^q w^ ^"""P"' then falling on his hands and knees expi 

^ression of h^'i^f "'!;'u *^" '^^"5 *^" '^"^^ ^^ Montauk, the 
pression of his feet and hands made in the soil were kept cleai 
leaves and brush by members of the tribe." There are also o 
versions. j^'i^ie die dibo o 



40 HISTORY OF THE TOfl'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ing, in feasting, hunting and dancing forever. The 
coward, the traitor, the har and the thief was also there, 
but the enjoyments of the favored Sawwonnuntoh only 
added to the pain of the punishments visited upon the 
misdeeds of the wicked. Servile labor, so painful to and 
so much despised by the Indian, was the allotment of 
the sinful. The making of a canoe with a round stone 
and the carrying water in a wicker basket, were among 
the-perplexing exercises of those who had sacrificed the 
happiness of their future existence to the will of Mut- 
cheshesmetooh, or the Evil Power, t 

The relations of the Indians and whites will be taken 
up in the following chapters, and it remains here only to 
mention the ends of the tribes. There are now no pure 
bloods left among any of them on the eastern end of the 
island, and only one, the Shinnecocks, possess a reserva- 
tion. In the Southampton supplementary Indian deed 
of 1703 there was reserved to the Indians certain privi- 
leges of hunting, &c., by a lease to them of the Shinne- 
cock tract, including the Hills, for 1000 years. By an 
Act of Legislature, March 15, 1859, the Indians were 
authorized to, and did, give their lease in exchange for 
the ownership in fee of Shinnecock Neck, which is the 
present Reservation. They are not subject to taxation, 
do not possess the franchise, own their lands in common 
and elect three trustees annually. In the early part of 
the last century many of the negro slaves then being 
freed were offered homes with the Indians and settled 
among them, there being now a large admixture of 
negro blood both in the survivors of the tribe and in the 
remnants of the Montauks settled at East Hampton.* 

Of the Shinnecock Tribe, two members have at- 
tained to some celebrity. The first was Peter John, born 
in Hay Ground about 1 712-15. who was converted in the 

t Gardiner, Chronicles, pp. 4-5. 

*For personal descriptions of the purer blooded see Harrington, 
cit supra; G. R. Howell, in Indian Advocate, March 1892; J. J. Young, 
in Lippincott's Magazine, Nov., 1878; all quoted in my Memorials. 
The Montauks have been legally declared extinct as a tribe. See 
Defendants' Brief in Wyandank Pharaoh vs. Jane Ann Benson and 
others, N. Y. Supreme Court, Suffolk County. 



HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 41 

great revival of 1741-4 and became a minister of the Gos- 
pel, gathering- churches at Wading River, Poosepatuck, 
I slip and Canoe Place, at the second of which he was 
buried, dying at the age of about 88. He owned property 
and lived at St. George's Manor and though unlearned 
seems to have been both zealous and pious. liis grand- 
son, Paul CufTee, was born at P)rookhaven, March 4, 
1757, and also became a minister, laboring mainly among 
the Indians of Montauk and Canoe Place. He died 
March 7, 1812, and is buried about one mile west of the 
latter place on the north side of the main road, where 
the Indian church stood, his grave being marked by a 
stone erected by the New York Missionary Society.* Of 
all the Long Island Indians, however, the one whose 
career was greatest in usefulness was Cockenoe, taken 
captive as a younp- man in the Pequot war, subsequently 
becoming John Eliot's instructor in the Indian language 
and interpreter between the whites and Indians in many 
places. t 

Their language has already been briefly referred to, 
and I will merely add here some of the attempted trans- 
lations of a few of the place names within or near the 
Township. It may as well frankly be confessed, it seems 
to me, that they are to a considerable extent only guess- 
work, as is evidenced by the conflict of authorities, Rut- 
tenber's versions being, perhaps, those most generally 
accepted by scholars. The difficulty is not alone due to 
the inherent one of the Indian Tongue, but also to the 
uncertainty of the true orthography and pronunciation 
of the place names themselves, one, for example, ap- 
pearing in no less than forty-nine different forms.J 

*Vide, Prime, History, pp. 115-118. 
tTooker, Cookenoe-de-Long: Island. 

JThe translations are taken from Ruttenber, Indian Geog. Names 
[R]; Tooker, Place Names [T]; Beauchamp, Aboriginal Place 
Names [B]; and Trumbull [Trumbull]. 

Agawam: low flat meadows [T] ; place abounding in fish [B]. 

Mecox: abbreviation of the name of one of the signers of the In- 
dian deed of 1640, Secom-mecock, with possesive [T]. Also trans- 
lated, a plain. 

Montauk: fortified place [T] ; place of observation [Trumbull]; 
island country or spruce swamp [R]. 



42 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Napeague: water-land, [T., R., and B.]. 

Noyac: a point or corner of land [T, and B.]. 

Paumanack: eastern Long Island: land of tribute [T., his earlier 
translation was "land where there is travelling by water"]. An 
offering, not tribute [R.]. 

Peconic: small plantation [T.] ; a battle field [Pelletreau] ; water 
at a point of land [Prof. E. M. Horsford] ; at the barrier [R.]. 

Ponquoque: the pond at the place where the bay bends [Prof. J. 
G. Shea]; cleared land [T.]; shallow water [B.]. 

Poxabogue: a pond that opens out or widens [T.] ; the 
bathing place [Pelletreau]. 

Quogue: a shaking marsh [Trumbull]; a cove or estuary where it 
quakes or trembles [T.]; a long fish [B.]; round clam [O'Callag- 
han]. 

Sagaponack: place where the big ground nuts grow. 

Seponack: ground nut place [T.]. 

Shinnecock: at the level land or country [T]. 

Towd: a low place between the hills [Trumbull]; from "to ford," 
to "wade over," [T.] ; from "it is deserted" [B.]. 

Weeckatuck: end of the woods, or end of the creek [T.]. 

Wickapogue: end of the pond [T., B. and Trumbull]- 

Wigwagonock: (the part of Sag Harbor east of Division Street) 
place at the end of the hill[T.]. 




Atlantic Coast Indian, engraved on Powder Horn, 1799 
(Property of Mr. Stewart Culin) 



CHAPTER III. 

THE COMING OF THE ENGLISH. 

The peopling of New England during the first decade 
following the settlement of Plymouth in 1620 proceeded 
at a comparatively slow rate, but beginning with 1630 
and the founding of the colony of Massachusetts Bay, 
the movement became very rapid, two thousand colon- 
ists arriving in that year alone, while in 1633 ten or a 
dozen ship loads came each month.* The meeting of 
the Long Parliament in England in 1640 with its prom- 
ises of reform and of better prospects for the Puritans 
in their home land, suddenly checked, and indeed to a 
slight extent reversed, the tide of migration,! but by 
that time over 21,000 persons were living in New Eng- 
land and the settlements not only dotted the shores of 
the Massachusetts waters but had already begun to be 
planted inland and westward. In 1633, Gov. Winthrop 
had sent the little bark. Blessing of the Bay, on a voyage 
of exploration through the Sound as far as New Amster- 

*Channing, History, Vol. I, p. 334. In 1638, 14 ships bound for 
New England lay in the Thames at one time and 3,000 immigrants 
reached Boston that year Cheyney, European Background, p. 228. 

f'The Parliament of England setting upon a general reformation 
both of Church and State, the Earl of Strafford being beheaded, and 
the archbishop (our great enemy) and many other of the great offi- 
cers and judges, bishops and others, imprisoned and called to ac- 
count, this caused all men to stay in England in expectation of a 
new world, so as few coming to us. all foreign commodities grew 
scarce, and our own of no price." Winthrop, History, Vol. II, p. 37. 



44 HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

dam,* and the fort at Saybrook had been estabhshed as 
a frontier post two years later, with Lion Gardiner 
among its defenders, while the year 1636 saw the found- 
ing of Providence, Springfield, Windsor, Hartford and 
Wethersfield. New Haven was settled in 1638, and the 
following year, Gardiner, who had undoubtedly used 
some of his spare time at Saybrook to cruise through 
Long Island waters, secured possession, and went to 
live on, the island which ever since has borne his name 
and still remains the property of his descendants. 

The planting of new towns as offshoots from those 
earlier settled was a very distinctive feature of New 
England, the little town of Lynn, for example, founding 
as many as six other villages in the first ten years from 
the date of its own planting in 1629. While these sec- 
ondary swarmings may have occasionally been due to 
grievances of a religious, political or social character on 
the part of individuals or small groups, undoubtedly the 
moving cause as a rule was the question of land, both as 
to quantity and quality. It does not occur to one, in this 
day, when the "Board of Trade" of every little village is 
striving to increase the population and attract new citi- 
zens, that there was a time when the anxieties of the in- 
habitants were directed in just the opposite direction. 
But such was the case, and nothing shows the econo- 
mic alteration in the world more strikingly than this 
very change, exemplified in the case of Springfield, 
Mass., which at its settlement was to be limited to, be- 
cause only capable of comfortably supporting, fifty fam- 
ilies. 

With the exception of the fisheries and of the fur 
trade, which latter seems never to have attained the pro- 
portions in New England which it did both in New York 
and Canada, the New England colonies were almost 



*"October 2 [1633]. The bark Blessing, which was sent to the 
southward, returned. She had been at an island over against Con- 
necticut, called Long Island, because it is near fifty leagues long, 
the east part about ten leagues from the main, but the west end not 
a mile. There they had store of the best wampum peak, both white 
and blue- The Indians there are a very treacherous people. They 
have many canoes so great as one will carry eig'nty men." Win- 
throp. History, Vol. I, p. 133. 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 45 

wholly agricultiiral in their economic life, and the ([uan- 
tity, fertility and convenient location of the farming, 
grazing and wood lands of a town were of fundamental 
importance to every inhabitant. For various reasons, 
practically all New England was settled, not by individ- 
ual proprietors living on large estates, but by groups of 
persons forming towns and building compact villages, 
reproducing in each case the community land system 
which will be discussed later. 

Each settlement in the earliest days was to a marked 
degree self sustaining, but that very fact would cause an 
mconveniently large increase-in its population to become 
a seriously disturbing economic factor, and, though vari- 
ous reasons have been assigned for the departure from 
Lynn in 1640 of the little band who came here and set- 
tled the Town of Southampton, I do not think that we 
need look beyond the economic conditions of the time. 
The land within the bounds of Lynn was limited, and so 
far from expansion being possible, other villages were 
approaching its boundaries.''' In that year there had 
been an unusually large influx of new comers, although 
such movement was almost immediately to cease. The 
country was entering upon a period of depression as 
noted above by Winthrop, and, with high prices for the 
necessary imported articles, with low ones for all home 
productions, with crowded conditions as to available 
land, we need search for no other reason than that given 
by him for the departure of this last little band of pion- 
eers, looking not merely to the present but to the future 
for themselves and their children. We have already 
seen in the first chapter what an unusually good location 
for settlement was offered by Long Island, and we have 
also seen how, from the time of the voyage of the 
Blessing, that island had become more and more known 
to the Colonists, so that the simple statement of Win- 
throp that "divers of the inhabitants of Linne, finding 
themselves straitened looked out for a new plantation ; 
and so going to Long Island, they agreed with the Lord 
Starling's agent there, one Mr. Forrett" would seem to 



^Channing, Town and County Govt., p. 33. 



46 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

me to be all the explanation necessary for the foundation 
of our town. %, 

The new Town was. thus peopled, not by emigrants 
from the mother country, but by a group from a colony 
already planted, and thus, in a sense, was founded by 
men who had passed through a double process of selec- 
tion. While many types were represented here as else- 
where, the first period of Southampton history shows an 
unusually large proportion of men of intelligence, ability 
and energy.* 

The original founders, or "undertakers" as they were 
called, were eight in number, — Edward Howell, Edmund 
Farrington, Josias Stanborough, George Welbe, Job 
Sayre, Edmund Needham, Henry Walton, and Daniel 
How, to whom were joined as additional signers of the 
original agreement, John Cooper, Allen Bread, William 
Harker, Thomas Halsey, Thomas Newell, John Far- 
rington, Richard Odell, Philip Kyrtland, Thomas Far- 

JThe quotation continues, "for a parcel of the isle near the west 
end, and agreed with the Indians for their right- The Dutch, hear- 
ing of this, and making claim to that part of the island by a former 
purchase of the Indians, sent men to take possession of the place, 
and set up the arms of the Prince of Orange upon a tree. The 
Linne men sent ten or twelve men with provisions, etc., who began 
to build, and took down the prmce's arms, iand, in place thereof, 
an Indian had drawn an unhandsome face. The Dutch took this in high 
displeasure, and sent soldiers and fetched away their men, and im- 
prisoned them a few days, and then took an oath of them [blank] 
and so discharged them. Upon this the Linne men (finding them- 
selves too weak, and having no encouragenient to expect aid from 
the English) deserted that place, and took another at the east end 
of the same island; and, being now about forty families, they pro- 
ceeded in their plantation, and called one Mr. Pierson, a godly 
learned man, and a member of the church of Boston, to go with 
them, who with some seven or eight more of the company gathered 
into a church body at Linne (before they went) and the whole body 
entered into a civil combination (with the advice of some of our 
magistrates) to become a corporation." Winthrop, History, Vol 
II, pp. 5 et seq, under Journal date of June, 1640. 

Mather, Magnalia Christi Americana, Vol. I, p. 397, often quoted 
merely follows Winthrop and is less accurate. The account by 
Johnson, Wonder Working Providence, 1653, edit. 1910, p. 195, is 
inaccurate in several particulars- 

*0f those who came here, Thompson says, "They were generally 
of a superior class and of greater intelligence than some who came 
subsequently to other towns, being respectable both in character 
and education." History, Vol. I, p. 329. 




Old Farm Road 

(Copyright by Eister Studio) 



HlsrORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 47 

rington and Thomas Terry. All of these did not come 
over immediately, however, while a few never came at 
all, and of those who did come some subsequently re- 
turned or moved elsewhere. f They all, however 
signed the document known as "The Disposall ui the 
Vessell", dated March lo, 1639 (1640 New Style),* by 
which agreement, in brief, a company was formed for 
the purpose of establishing a permanent settlement; a 
vessel arranged for and regular sailings provided; plans 
made for a selected group to search for a site and start 
the settlement; the method of laying out the land, terms 
of ownership and taxation agreed upon ; and self gov- 



fAllen Bread returned to Lynn, Newhall's Lynn, 115, Essex 
Quarterly Courts, L 82, 103, 153, 292, 314, 424; II, 43; Daniel How 
was later one of the founders of East Hampton and, as a shipowner 
whose business was carrying freight and passengers, was interested 
as business ventures in several colonies. Newhall, 124, 135, 178, 
Essex Courts, I, 9; Thos. Newhall probably never came, Newhall, 
125, Essex Courts, I, 170 et nassim; Wm. Harker, Newhall, Essex 
Courts, I, 193; II, 303, 316, 374; Geo- Welbe, Newhall, 175, 277, Es- 
sex Courts, I, 38, and Edmund Needham, Newhall, 188, Essex 
Courts, I, 80, 133, 181, 270, 390— all probaly remained only a year; 
Thos. Terry moved to Southold; Henry Walton returned to Lynn. 
(Howell says Boston.) This is an error I think. He was in Lynn, 
Jan., 1641, Essex Courts, I, 33. In Dec, 1642, he was mentioned 
as of "Lynn" and presented for saying "he had as Leeve to hear a 
Dogg Barke as to hear Mr. Cobbet Preach." Ibid 45; Josias Stan- 
borough did not come until 1643, Essex Courts, I, 56; Philip Kyrt- 
land, Newhall, 154, Essex Courts, I, 10, 14, 89, 156, 169 etc-, re- 
turned to Lynn (Howell says Mass.) before 1645; Edmund Farring- 
ton returned to Lynn by 1643, Essex Courts, I, 61, 151, 154, 171, 372, 
380, 390; II, 288; IV, 327; Newhall, 153, 235, N. E. Hist. & Gen. 
Reg., July, 1901, p. 301. He gave his name, however, to Farrington 
(Old Town) Pond and Farrington Neck (probably Wickapogue, T 
R., I, 134). The Essex Court Records also contain numerous ref- 
erences to names of families which subsequently appear here, such 
as Raynor, Mitchell, Morris, Russel, Herrick, Hedges and Diamond. 
Five volumes have now been published. 

*Vide Appendix I. In Old Style the year began Mar. 25 instead 
of Jan. 1, so in English records a year must be added to dates irom 
Jan. 1 to Mar. 25 down to 1752 when England adopted the New 
Style. In addition to get the exact date, 10 days must be added 
down to 1700 and 11 days betwen 1700 and 1800. Holland, Spain, 
Portugal, France, Italy and Catholic Germany adopted the New 
Style in 1583, Scotland in 1600, Denmark, Sweden and Protestant 
Germany in 1700. Russia still uses Old Style. 



48 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ernment assured, with political and religious liberty 
guaranteed.! 

Long Island had evidently already been determined 
upon, for only a few weeks later, April 17, 1640, the Com- 
pany secured a deed§ from James Farrett as Attorney 
for the Earl of Stirling (the Grantee of Long Island) *for 
"eight miles square of land," they being allowed to make 
their "choyce to sitt downe upon as best suiteth them," 
This option they immediately proceeded to exercise, and 
for some reason they first chose a site upon the shore of 
Schout's Bay, where eight men, one woman and a child 
were landed by Farrett in How's boat, and started im- 
mediately to build houses. t 

Although Long Island had formed part of the grant 
of the Council to Lord Stirling, it was also, and appar- 
ently justly, claimed by the Dutch, although they had 
never settled any of the eastern portion. At the west 
end, however, they did have settlements, and owing to 
its nearer proximity to New Amsterdam, they exercised 
a much closer watch over happenings there and, indeed, 
upon a tree at the very place where the English landed, 
they had nailed the arms of "Their High Mightinesses":!: 
to indicate ownership. These, however, were cut down, 
apparently either by Farrett or Howe, and a fool's face 
carved in their stead. One house had been finished and 
another begun when word of this intrusion was taken to 
the Dutch by the Indian Sachem Penhawitz, and, on the 

lAppendix III. 

§A second document known as "The Declaration of the Company" 
signed "ye 4th day of ye 4th, 16 — " [mutilated] was explanatory of 
the first- Appendix II. 

*The Grant to the Earl was made Apl. 22, 1635 by the "Council 
for the Affairs in New England in America." It is given in full in 
Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, pp. 29 et seq. Farrett, often referred to as 
Forrest, first came over in 1636- Col. Docts., Vol. VII, pp. 340 et seq. 

tThe names of the men are known to us through the Dutch records. 
They were Job Sayre, aged 28; Geo. Welbe, 25; John Farrington, 24; 
Philip Kirtland, 26; Nathaniel Kirtland, 22, and Wm. Harker, 24. 
Evidently the younger men were sent ahead. Col. Docts., Vol. II, 
pp. 145-150. 

JSo the title was always translated in O'Callaghan and so always 
quoted. This somewhat absurd and bombastic expression might 
perhaps well give place to "Lords and Gentlemen" which, less hum- 
orous, would better preserve the dignified sense of the original. 




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HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 49 

13th of May, the Council ordered their Secretary, Corne- 
Hs von Tienhoven, with a sergeant and twenty-three 
soldiers, to seize the English and bring them up to New 
Amsterdam to answer for their conduct.* This was 
done the following day, and on examination at New Am- 
sterdam, the English stated that they had come to "plant 
and make a plantation," that twenty families were to 
come and that if the land were good they expected a 
great many people.f Upon their admitting that they 
had not known that they were encroaching on "States" 
land, and their agreeing in writing to immediately de- 
part and not return, they were released by the Dutch 
authorities and allowed to depart.^ 

This was on the 19th of May, and apparently, after 
perhaps stopping at Schout's Bay for some of their 
property, they at once went to New Haven, where, as 
they had just testified. How and Earrett were then stay- 
ing. In any case, and wherever it may have been, they 
promptly got in touch with the latter, for about three 
weeks later, on June 12, they received the deed from him 
confirming to them "all those lands lying and being 
bounded between Peaconeck and the easternmost point 

*The instructions were: "You shall endeavor to arrive there un- 
awares; in our opinion it will be best at break of day and there 
surround the English and prevent any recourse being had to force of 
arms; and forthwith inquire who removed the arms, and demand of 
them who authorized them so to do, and oblige them to come hither 
to vindicate themselves. If they refuse you shall employ force. 
. . . If it should happen that the English have been reinforced by 
so many newcomers that you shall not be strong enough for them, 
you shall make an emphatic protest against them, then sign it and 
come back." Col. Docts., Vol, XIV, pp- 28-30. 

fTestimony given in full in Col. Docts., Vol. II, pp. 145-150- Alsu 
consult Ibid, Vol. XIV, pp. 30 et seq. 

t To show how history may be falsified, I quote an account of these 
domgs written only 23 years later: "Of the incredible and injurious 
msolence of the Dutch towards the English and their treachery to 
the poor natives, will give but one instance, that of Daniel How, who 
m 1638 [1640] purchased lands of the natives of the west end of 
Long Island [he did not] and settled the same, but the Dutch Gov- 
ernor forcibly drove the planters away, imprisoning some, where- 
upon the Sachem that sold the lands [he did not exist] declared pub- 
licly he had done so [he did not] for which assertion the Dutch 
cruelly murdered him, staking him alive [absolutely false]. Cal 
of State Papers, Col. Ser. 1661-1668, p. 178. So may the sources 
of history be muddied by nationality. 



50 HISTORY OF THE TOfiN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

of Long Island with the whole breadth of the said Island 

from sea to sea excepting those lands already 

granted unto any person by me."* Farrett stated that 
this was in consideration of the trouble he had brought 
them into with the Dutch and £400 already paid him, 
the deed being confirmed by the Earl two months later, 
on the 20th of August. f The April deed required them 
to make their own terms with the Indian owners, and 
this they evidently did for the Indian deed, dated Dec. 
13th, mentions part of the payment at least as having 
been already received and ground as having already been 
cultivated by the whites. J 

■ A careful study of all the documents leaves no room, 
it seems to me, to doubt that the Town was "settled" 
in the ordinary sense of that word by June, 1640, that is, 
that a company had been formed for that purpose, that 
legal steps for acquiring title to the land had been taken 
and part payment made, and that some of the settlers, 
at least, had arrived on the spot, built houses and planted 
in preparation for receiving the rest. A difTerence of 
only a few weeks, has, after all, but a sentimental value, 
but after a minute and impartial examination of all the 
evidence adduced by the champions of the two Towns, 
I am firmly convinced that Southampton is entitled, 
without any question whatever, to priority of settle- 
ment over Southold, and so is the oldest English Town 
in the state.* 

♦Appendix IV, The exceptions were apparently Robins and Shel- 
ter Islands which he owned himself and Gardiner's Island which 
he had granted to Lyon Gardiner. 

fAppendix V- The bounds were limited, July 7th, to Canoe Place, 
on the west and the present eastern line as the earlier limits were 
found to have included more than 8 miles square. 

{Appendix VI. It may be noted that one of the considerations 
was that the "English shall defend us the sayed Indians from the 
unjust violence of whatever Indians shall illegally assaill us." In 
the nomenclature of the day "old ground" meant that already cul- 
tivated by whites, that used by Indians being called "Indian 
fields." so that the reference to the "old ground formerly planted" 
clearly points to the settlers having raised crops the preceding 
summer. 

*To examine minutely all the questions which have been raised 
would take 20 pages of text, so I will merely refer to some of the 
references studied in addition to original deeds, &c; Hedges' Suf. Co. 
Hist. Sec. Address, 1889; Whittaker, Hist, of Southold; Howelli 




Mackay Homestead, Southampton 




Old Jennings House, North Sea 
(now destroyed) 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 51 

'The settlers reached their new home by way of Pe- 
conic Bay, landing at North Sea, and according to tradi- 
tion on what has ever since borne the name of Con- 
science Point, now marked by the boulder monument.* 
The little harbor there, better perhaps in those days than 
now, long continued, as we shall see, to constitute their 
port, although the settlement was made at what is now 
called '*01d Town," about three-quarters of a mile east 
of the present Main Street of Southampton Village, and 
a little back from the ocean. The Sachem of the Shinne- 
cocks then lived at North Sea and it is likely that ar- 
rangements for the purchase of the land were made im- 
mediately, or at least permission to settle received leav- 
ing definite terms to be arranged later. 

Just who the very first arrivals were, or their number, 
we do not know, but all the evidence points to there hav- 
ing been between one and two hundred people here be- 
fore the New Year. Winthrop mentions "forty families," 
and Abraham Pierson chosen minister of this new church 
while still in Lynn in November, was here by the follow- 
ing month for he was one of the witnesses to the Indian 
Deed of December, so we many conclude that the colony 
was not only founded but fairly complete before the end 
of the year.f 

Settlement of Southold; Griffin, Journal; Moore, Hist. Address, 1890; 
Moore, Index; Tooker, Analysis of the Claims of Southold (Express, 
Mar. 26 and Apl. 2, 1903); Lechford, Note Book, pp. 283, 301, 318; 
Rhode Id. Col. Reeds-, Vol. I, p. 91; Pelletreau, Article Southold in 
Munsell's Suffolk County; Winthrop's, Hist, supra, &c. 

♦Placed there, with a bronze tablet, by the Colonial Society of 
Southampton. Tradition records that the name is due to the re- 
mark of one of the women on landing, "For conscience sake, I'm on 
dry land once more." 

fBesides those already given as "undertakers" the following ap- 
pear in the Town Records prior to 1644: Thos- Hildreth, Abraham 
Pierson, Henry Pierson, Henry Symonds, John Moore, Thos. Tal- 
mage, Rich'd Barrett, Thomas Tomson, Fulke Davis, Wm. Rogers, 
Wm. Wills, Rich'd Post, John Mulford, Arthur Bostock, Robert 
Bond, John Gosmer and Thos. Burnet. No list of inhabitants or 
even freemen appears until 1649, but the whaling list for Mar. 7, 
1644, O. S., includes, besides some of those above, Wm. Barnes, Geo. 
Wood, Thos. Cooper, Rich'd Stratton, John White, Mr. Johnes,- 
Rich'd Jacques, Robt- Rose, Mr. Stanborough, Richard Gosmer, John 
Hand, Ellis Cook, Tristrum Hedges, Thos. Sayre, John Cory, Rich'd 
Smith and John Howell as well as several "juniors." T. R., Vol. I, 
p. 32. 



52 HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

That first summer must indeed have been a busy 
one. A whole month lost, owing to the unfortunate in- 
cident at Schout's Bay, and unable to make a beginning 
until June, habitations had to be gotten ready and crops 
planted without a moment's delay. We have seen that 
at their first attempt they had started to build houses, 
but owing to the lateness of the season and the numbers 
who arrived, it is probable that many a family spent that 
first winter at least in what was then known, and what 
later appears in the Records of both the Hamptons, as 
a "cellar." This quickly constructed home was much in 
vogue in New England* in the earliest days of a new 
settlement, and is thus described in a Dutch letter of 
advice to prospective colonists: "Those in New Nether- 
land and especially in New England, who have no means 
to build farm houses at first according to their wishes, 
dig a square pit in the ground, cellar fashion, six or seven 
feet deep, as long and as broad as they think proper, 
case the earth inside all round the wall with timljer, 
which they line with the bark of trees or something else 
to prevent the caving in of the earth; floor this cellar 
with plank, and wainscoat it overhead for a ceiling, raise 
a roof of spars clear up and cover the spars with bark 
or green sods, so that they can live dry and warm in 
these hpuses with their entire families for two, three and 
tour years. "J 

These and log cabins probably made up the South- 
ampton Village of 1640, for house building in those days 
was both slower and proportionately more costly than 
today, as all timber was then hand hewn, sawn planks 

' *Newhall, Lynn, p- 114; Weeden, Econ. and Social Life, Vol. I, 
p. 214. 

tCol. Docts., Vol. I, p. 368. Among other references in the Town 
Records may be given the following as late as Sept. 5, 1664: "It is 
granted to Mr. John Jennings liberty to digg a cellar to dwell in, 
in some convenient place neere ye school house, which is to bee 
built with this proviso or condition that when he hath done with ye 
use of said cellar himself yt hee shall resigne it againe to ye 
towne and shall have noe interest therein except hee procure an in- 
habitant to it of whome the town shall accept." T. R., Vol. II, p. 232. 
Again, "it was but a cellar & a few Pallisades clucked up was set 
up «& a few Round sticks laid to beare un a small Roofe over it." 
E. H., T. R.. Vol. II, p. 176. 



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HISTORY OF THE TO/fN OF SOUTHAMFTOM 53 

not being used until some hundred and fifty years later. 
Even so, there could have been no idle hands that sum- 
mer, and it must be remembered that anxiety, as well as 
hard work, was the lot of the founders, for the Indians 
were never to be trusted and, as we shall see in the next 
chapter, more than once in these early years gave cause 
for the gravest alarm. 

Of the men who guided the destinies of the little set- 
tlement in its infancy, three stand out with especial 
prominence in my mind, not merely for their influence 
upon its fortunes, but because they represent so well 
elements which went to make up the America of that 
day. 

First, and undoubtedly worthy to be called the 
Father of the colony, stands Edward Howell. A magis- 
trate, early elected one of the Selectmen to manage the 
Town's affairs, its leading citizen in wealth* and social 
position, whose name appears first in every list, his is 
the most attractive figure we meet at the beginning of 
our story. A gentleman by birth, in the then strict 
meaning of the word, he owned the old manor house of 
Wesbury at Marsh Gibbon in Buckinghamshire, which 
he sold in 1639, and also property at Wotton Under- 
wood, from which latter he received an annuity of £31 § 
He had been admitted a freeman of the Massachusetts 



*The list of land allotments in Lynn, so far as it relats to the 
Southampton settlers was as follows (acres): 

Edward Howell 500 Thomas Sayre 60 

John Cooper 200 & 10 Christopher Foster 60 

Allen Bread 200 Thomas Newhall 30 

Edmund Farrington 200 [Wm.] Harcher 20 

Josias Stanbury 100 Philin Kirtland, sen. 10 

Thomas Halsye 100 Philip Kirtland, jun. 10 

Job Sayre 60 George Wellbye _ 

Daniel Howe, upland and meadow 60 
Records Essex Quarterly Courts; Vol. II, pp. 270-1, Note.— The de- 
parture of many wealthy or well to do residents from Lynn af- 
fected its prosperity and in 1645 application was made to the 
General Court for a reduction in taxes. It was stated that out of 
£80, formerly Edward Howell had paid £6, John Cooper £1, Wm. 
Halsey £1, Lady Moody £4, &c. Howell's taxes were the highest 
of any. Newhall, Lynn, p. 214. 

§Lechford, Note Book, pp. 322-3. Also N. E. Gen. & Biog. Rec- 
ord, Vol. 40, p. 273; Winthrop Papers, Vol. I, p. 489; N. Y Gen & 
Biog. Record, Vol. 28, pp. 50 et seq and pp. 83 et seq. 



54 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Colony March 14, 1638-9 and was an extensive land own- 
er in Lynn, where he also possessed a grist mill,t becom- 
ing likewise the owner of the first mill in South- 
ampton.! 

Taking, as indeed every one did, even the minister, 
his share in the homely common tasks of the commun- 
ity, (they both appear, for example, in the whaling list 
of 1644), yet his name never figures in any of the innum- 
erable petty law suits nor bickerings over small matters 
of business or scandal and one gathers the impression 
through the records of a man greatly respected, digni- 
fied, reserved, perhaps a little aloof. Of his son Arthur, 
who will be more particularly mentioned later, we have 
perhaps the most charmingly intimate portrait of any 
member of the early community, and although at the 
period we are now discussing, he was only a lad, it is 
interesting to note as indicating something of the social 
relations of the scattered settlements, that he was later 
to marry the daughter of Lyon Gardiner, living then as 
a child on her father's island. 

The second figure, of a very different type, and yet 
which I have again chosen as a typical one, was that of 
the minister of the church, Abraham Pierson, the "godly, 
learned man" of John Winthrop's Journal. He was 
likely both, according to the notions of his day, but his 
own writings, of which I have found various bits here and 
there, reveal a man decidedly lacking in sympathetic un- 
derstanding of the frailties of the human heart and 
mind, although himself upright, pious and conscien- 
tious.* The little community gathered here was to show 
itself singularly tolerant in its religious attitude as well 

fNewhall, Lynn, p. 143. 

JThis mill stood on the east side of Benedict's Creek north of 
the present railroad track. One stone was brought from Mill Stone 
Brook, Seponac, and the other from Mill Stone Swamp, near Brick 
Kilns. One of these is said to be one of the three forming part of 
the retaining wall at the present old water mill. The agreement 
with the Town for building the original mill was dated Jan. 7, 1644. 
T. R., Vol. I, pp. 40 et seq. 

*He is said to have been a native of Yorkshire, was educated at 
Trinity College, Cambridge, receiving the Bachelor's degree in 1632. 
Coming to New England in 1640, he was admitted to the Boston 
church Sept. 5. Conn. Hist. Sec. Coll., Vol. Ill, p. 3. 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 55 

as just and merciful in its court decisions. At the very 
beginning of the Town Records, however, there appears 
in what is said to be the minister's hand writing, a curi- 
ous "Abstract of the Lawes of Judgement as given 

Moses to the Commonwealth of Israel being 

joyntly and unanimously Consented unto as ffunda- 
mental by the Inhabitants of this CoUony of Southamp- 
ton." This code, made up of the mo.st bloodthirsty bits 
of the Mosaic laws, contains fifteen crimes punishable 
with death, including blasphemy, heresy, profaning the 
Lord's day, and the cursing or smiting of parents by re- 
bellious children. § In spite of its being "'unanimously 
consented unto," not a single clause was ever enforced, 
nor was the Code ever again referred to in any way,' 
while every page of the Records bears witness to how 
utterly alien it was to the spirit of the community. This 
greater breadth of mind and soundness of judgment on 
the part of the congregation as compared with the nar- 
row ecclesiasticism of its minister, by no means unusual, 
was to end in the severance of their relations. In 1643' 
when the New England Confederacy was formed, and 
Southampton was considering uniting itself to either 
New Haven or Connecticut, Mr. Pierson was strongly in 
favor of the former, while the Town chose the latter, the 
difference being that in New Haven only church mem- 
bers could become freemen whereas in Connecticut any 
orderly person possessing a certain freehold could be- 
come so.* The union with Connecticut came about in 
1644 and in 1647 he removed to Branford in the New 
Haven colony.f 

Mr. Pierson tried his hand at making verses as well 
as laws, though with little more success. In a long 

§ T. R., Vol I, pp. 18-22. 

*Vide Trumbull, Hist. Conn., Vol. I, p. 271 and 277 for Mr. Pier- 
son and Branford and his attitude on this question. 

tWhen New Haven itself was joined to Connecticut in 1665 Mr 
fw^''".?^^^'",'"''''^'!'.^^^^ *™^ to Newark, N. J. Trumbull states 
rJ A ..u"! f/"^<^st his whole church and congregation were so dis- 
pleased, that they soon removed into Newark, in New Jersey. They 
^pSpH ""f th%records of the church and town, and after it had been 
f^nfl '' ^^^l n^ and twenty years, left it almost without inhabi- 
tants. Hist. Conn., Vol. I, p. 277. 



50 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

panegyrical elegy on the death of Gov. Eaton of Mew 
Haven, consisting of thirty-one stanzas in English and 
one in Latin, he compares the late executive to a lion, 
dove, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, David, Jacob, Joseph, 
Joshua, Caleb, Samuel, Jonathan, Solomon, Ezekiah, 
Josiah, Nehemiah, Mordecai and Job, usually to the ad- 
vantage of the governor who comes out of the ordeal 
with flying colors. . It is dreary reading, save for its un- 
conscious humor, which is as provoking as it was unin- 
tended, and I will quote only one stanza as, alas, a fair 
sample of early American poetry. 

"In all the changes of his life, hee held 

The Orthodox truth, th' Heterodox he queld. 

He had a quick passage up to heaven. 

Was well, & sick, and dead in houres seven."* 
His most interesting work, however, was an Indian 
catechism written in a dialect of the Ouiripi Indians, 
spoken near Guilford, and prepared with the help of 
John Stanton. Only two copies of the first edition of 
this little book are in existence, one in the New York 
Public Library with the correct title-page, reproduced in 
this volume and the other in the British Museum with a 
forged title which substituted the name of Capt. John 
Scott for that of John Stanton. f The picture of the Cap- 
tain, an accomplished and consummate rascal, collabor- 
ating with the godly clergyman in the preparation of a 
catechism must have caused some consternation as well 
as mirth among his contemporaries. The former emo- 
tion, however, probably prevailed to the total exclusion 
of the latter, in the minds of the poor Quiripis when they 
found themselves called upon to find the way to salva- 
tion by such dialectics as are shown in the following ex- 
amples taken at random : 

Question — "How do you prove that there is l)ut one 
true God?" 



*Mass Hist. Soc. Coll., Ser. IV, Vol. VII, pp. 477-481. For an- 
other example of Pierson's muse see a 10-line stanza on the death 
of Robert Coe, quoted by Orcutt, Hist, of Stratford, Vol. I, p. 117. 
It is more deadly than the elegy. 

fSee article on the book and Capt. Scott by Mr. W. Eames in 
Filling's Bibliog. of the Algonquian Languages, pp. 396-402. 



IJISTOK)' OF THE TO UN OF SOUTllAMFTON 57 

Answer — "Because singular things of the same kind 
when they are multiphed are differenced among them- 
selves by their singular properties; but there cannot be 
found another God differenced from this, by any such 
like properties." 

Question — Prove "that all singular things are gov- 
erned by Gods providence." 

Answer — "Because generals do subsist in singulars, 
and therefore, if singulars were not preserved by God's 
providence, the generals would perish with them." 

Undoubtedly to get the full flavor of the above, it 
should be read in the Ouiripi dialect, but speaking seri- 
ously, it is not an unprofltable subject of historical medi- 
tation to compare this attempted teaching of theniodern 
children of the wilderness with the Sermon on the 
Mount. It is a luminous commentary on much in New 
England history and it is for that reason that I have 
drawn, somewhat at length, the portrait of this undoubt- 
edly pious, conscientious and intellectual minister next 
to that of the able and accomplished layman and gentle- 
man as constituting two of the types among the leaders 
of our country in these early days. 

There was however, another of yet a different sort 
but of great value in any of the colonies and which was 
exemplified in our own early community by such 
a man as John Cooper.* One of the original un- 
dertakers and earliest arrivals here, his name ap- 
pears on .the very first page of the Town 
Records and none with greater frec|uency from 
then until his death. A man of the most indomit- 
able energy, he was yet no wanderer like many of the 
energetic men of his day, who would become prominent 
residents of half a dozen different settlements in turn, 
but remained in Southampton from its founding to his 
own death, and if we trace his name in Boston. Hartford. 
New Haven, and New Amsterdam as well as in the rec- 
ords of many towns on Long Island, it is merely by rea- 

*John Cooper, aged 41, and wife Wilbroe, aged 42, with children 
Mary, l.S; John, 10; Thomas, 7; Martha, 5; came in the Hopewell 
in 1635 from Olney, Bucks, Eng. He settled at Lynn and was made 
freeman Dec 8, 1636, Died 1662. 



58 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

son of his multifarious activities. He was apparently 
what we would class today as a successful self-made 
man of business, the precursor of a race which was to de- 
velop the resources of a continent. Of untiring energy 
and unusual business ability, of strong character and 
will, with a somewhat choleric temper and a hasty 
tongue, a born fighter, blufT, honest and courageous, he 
could ill have been spared from the colony in its days of 
struggle. He may, with others, have been occasionally 
fined for "passionate expression" or "hasty imprecation'' 
but the unrecorded occasions which called them forth 
may possibly have justified them, and as for his numer- 
ous law suits it must be granted that they were not sel- 
dom settled in his favor. In one case, when a certain 
Jennings tried to bring a political hornet's nest around 
his ears. Gov. Lovelace himself wrote to John Howell on 
his behalf, saying, "not that I doe not believe Cooper 
may be blameable of untoward expressions (being a 
man naturally not so well polisht as others of a more 
gentle nature) but in regard the matter" he seems to 
think that Jennings' motives were decidedly not of a pro 
bono publico nature.* If he loved a fair fight, he did not 
love bickering and the last words to his children in his 
will were "and so give the same counsel all or any of 
you as Joseph gave unto Chisl brethren that you fall not 
at difference"! 

His main business apparently, which he carried on 
for a while at least with Thomas Cooper, was raising and 
selling horses, then one of the principal articles of ex- 
port to the Barbadoes, and there was an interesting law- 
suit in that connection in which he figured, tried at New 
Haven. To simplify a somewhat complicated story. 
Giles Sylvester, of Shelter Island, bought a mare which 
the Coopers were to deliver to him at Southampton. § 
Sylvester sailed over to the port at North Sea, and 
Thomas Cooper happening to be there, offered to help 

*Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, p. 676. 

fLast Will and Testament. T. R., Vol. II, p. 26. 

§The law suit was three cornered, involving Jonas Wood. It was 
decided in favor of the Coopers. New Haven Records, Vol. II, pp, 
190-194. 



UJSTOR)' OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 59 

him home with her. On the short voyage over, how- 
ever, she fell, killed herself, and Sylvester then sued for 
her value. In the trial, Thomas Cooper was asked 
whether he had offered his services. He bluntly 
answered that he had and that "he would never goe to 
the devill for a mare, he would tell the truth, and if he 
did pay for a mare it should learne him more witt then 
to proffer his service to a gentleman another time." 

He was also interested in other business aft'airs, as 
well as keeping the tavern for a while and having the ex- 
clusive monopoly of the fishing and salting in the Town 
limits II under license both of the Town and Gov. An- 
dross, together with certain privileges in regard to drift 
whales. With all, it is interesting to note, that the in- 
ventory of his estate included the rare item of "Books"t. 

and that in his will he left "unto the poor a marc 

foal, the best that shall one of the first come up, and is 
towards the maintaining of a schoolmaster.''* 

The names of others who did much for the develop- 
ment of the colony, of Capt. Topping, of Josias Stan- 
borough, who founded Sagg, of John Ogden, who 
founded North Sea, and of others will appear in the next 
chapter, but the brief sketches of the three given above 
suffice to show what manner of men they were who 
landed on these shores in 1640 and bore the burden of 
those first hard years. 

As has already been stated. New England was settled 
by groups, t frequently bound together by ties of blood, 
of friendship, of neighborhood before emigration, or of 
other sorts, but to all such bonds as may thus have 
united them, there was always added here the further 
one of common ownership of the soil. Prof. Adams de- 
scribes this original idea of the New England Town, as 
that "of a village community of allied families, settled in 
close proximity for good neighborhood and defense, 
with homes and home lots fenced in and owned in sever- 

II T. R., VolTlI, p. 67. 

IT. R., Vol. II, p. 27 

*T. R., Vol. I, p. 25. 

fFor an interesting exception see Channing, Narragansett Plant- 
ers. 



60 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

alty, but with a common Town Street and a Villag-e 
Green or Home Pasture, and with common fields, allot- 
ted outside the Town for individual mowing and tillage, 
but fenced in common, together with a vast surrounding 
tract of absolutely common and undivided land, used for 
pasture and woodland, under communal regulations."* 
How closely Southampton followed this general New 
England model may be seen by reference to the agree- 
ment made between the original undertakers,! in which 
are found strict provisions concerning the size and dis- 
position of house lots, planting lots, meadow and com- 
monage. Of all human institutions, those connected 
with the ownership of land are most stable and least 
subject to change, and investigations, largely of the last 
thirty years, have shown that the germs of this New 
England plan of village land were already in existence 
before the dispersal of the original Aryan bands to India 
and to Europe in the days before recorded history be- 
gan.. To trace back the system as it prevailed in this 
village to its nearest prototype we must cross the seas 
to England, pass back along the centuries of English his- 
tory,! retrace the foosteps of our Saxon forefathers to 
the Teutonic lands upon the Continent and there study 
a primitive village, or mark, of our ancestors, as it 
existed some twelve centuries ago. 

*H. B. Adams. Germanic Origins of New England Towns, p. 27. 

fVide, Disposall of the Vessell, Appendix I. 

JThe following treats of England at a period not long anterior to 
the emigration to America: "Every village, in the immediate vi- 
cinity of the dwelling houses and farm buildings, had some few in- 
closed grass lands for the rearing of calves, or for other cattle 
which it might be thought necessary to keep near the village. . . . 
Around these home inclosures lay the arable land, divided into fields 
of nearly equal size, and usually three in number, on which winter 
and summer crops and fallow followed in succession. In the low- 
est grounds, 'and in the water-formed base of the rivered valleys, 
or in the boggy dips adjoining the arable land, lay meadow ground 
for hay harvest.' The more distant land served for pasture and 
wood, but the pasturage was of two distinct kinds; the inlying por- 
tion of a better kind called 'stinted,' on which there was a limit 
as to numbers and kinds of cattle . . . and the common pasture, 
on which every one could turn out as many cattle during the sum- 
mer as he had fodder to support during the winter." Nasse. Agric. 
Community of the Middle Ages, p. 10. 



5§ ^ SOME ^ 

SI HELPS FOR THE . ^ 

i INDIANS S 

<^j^ 5'W% thtm ^^-;> 

atxj How to improve their natural ^fn- ^^p» 
^ fon. To know the rr5/fgOZ>. and l.^>3» . 
2^ the true Chn(ii^n Keligion,' v^.^ 

St 1. By leading th^m to fee the Di- ^ 
•i©^ vine Authority of the 5:;ri?<»»-?f.. bo» 
SS 2« By the Scriptures the Divine |^ 
««»^ Truchinecelsary ta,£ic/'«4i5^f*V*<fw«. ^>^ 
■«»« ■■•■ . .^.■ 

•SI ;,. VJndmakcn. y:^\ 

•Sc^- . y^' *^^ Motion^ and puhlt{t}!i hy ^^ " 

SI £i2 v^f^^? United Colonics. ■ - '. |^ ■ 
S§ by Mr HHAM 'TiiRSON. 5^c 

•^ .- •^ ■ .'SS' 

•o^ • ■ .. , , ■-.■ ■' .-^ _, -.■ ^c» 

«f3^ Exanij'.ned, and approved by Jhovtas ^ 
■jg - S^'a>«"«'«Interpretei-GeireraltotheU- ^j* 
'S5 nlted C<)&*;//fforthc rndiw LaniUHge^ ^^ 
.«»^ anii by fome others of the naoft able So!^ ' 
Si Interpccers omogft «s. |JJ ; 

Si • r ^ Af ^ TL I £> G. ^ 



Title Page of the first edition of Pierson's Indian Catechism 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 01 

This mark, which was the general name of the ter- 
ritory held by the community made up of a family or 
kindred, is thus described by Prof. Stubbs. "In the 
centre of the clearing fin the forest] the primitive village 
is placed ; each of the mark-men has there his homestead, 

his house, court yard, and farm buildings He has 

a right to the enjoyment of the woods, the pastures, the 
meadow, and the arable land of the mark; but the right 
is of the nature of usufruct or possession only, his only 
title to absolute ownership being merged in the general 
title of the tribe, which he of course shares. The woods 
and pastures being undivided, each markman has the 

right of using them The meadow land lies 

open from hay harvest to the following spring, and dur- 
ing this time is treated as a portion of the common pas- 
ture When the grass begins to grow, the cattle 

are driven out, and the meadow is fenced round and di- 
vided into as many equal shares as there are mark fam- 
ilies in the village; each man has his own haytime and 
houses his own crop ; that done, the fences are thrown 
down and the meadow becomes again common pasture" + 
Later "the arable fell into the condition of separate own- 
ership together with the homestead; the rights to wood 

and pasture remaining in common and the right of 

separate ownership being established, inequality of es- 
tate, which must have prevailed to some extent from the 
first" became the rule.* 

From the extracts given in text and notes could be 
drawn a very fair picture of the land system as it pre- 

*Stubbs, Ibid., Vol. I, p. 59. Maine (Village Communities, p. 107) 
says of Indian villages: "If a very general language were em- 
ployed, the description of the Teutonic or Scandinavian village- 
communities might actually serve as a description of the same in- 
stitution in India. There is the arable mark, divided into separate 
lots but cultivated according to minute customary rules binding on 
all. . . . There is the waste or common land, out of which the ara- 
ble mark has been cut, enjoyed as pasture by all of the com- 
munity pro indiviso. There is the village consisting of habitations 
each ruled by a despotic pater-familias. And there is constantly a 
council of government to determine disputes as to custom." 

See also, Adams, Village Communities of Cape Anne and Salem; 
Eggleston, The Land System of the New England Colonies; Free- 
man, Comparative Politics; Osgood, Am. Colonies, Vol. I, Chap. XI. 

+ Stubbs, Constit. Hist, of England, Vol. I, pp. 56 et seq. 



62 HISTORY Oh THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

vailed in this Town, for here, again, we find the com- 
pact village with its privately owned home, or house, 
lots, the scattered bits of arable land, the common 
fences, § the great undivided commons of woods and pas- 
turage, dates set for letting out cattle, f "stints" pre- 
scribed,! and all the other details as found in other 
lands and ages. This was the ancient system brought by 
the settlers from their old home, though in a more an- 
cient form than it existed in there at the time of emigra- 
tion. Fortunately none could have been better adapted 
to the conditions as they were in their new one, for 
while giving full scope to the individual's instinct for 
owning his own home in severalty, it at the same time 
bound all the members of the community together in a 
common unity of purpose, endeavor and interest, such 
as no other bond was capable of doing, for even religion 
was not the compelling force by any means with all the 
early settlers that our older historians counted it.* 

Whether every land owner in the original commun- 

§ May 16, 1643. "Yt is ordered that the fence of the little Com- 
mon shall bee set up according to each man's proportion within nine 
days." T. R., Vol. I, p. 28; also pp. 34, 38, 43, &c. 

t"Voates that the fatting Pasture shall be enclosed from the 
15th day of April till the last day of January." Apl. 3, 1711. T. R., 
Vol. II, p. 147. "No cattle shall come upon the great playne after 
.the last of March uppon penalty of 2d a beaste and a halfe penny 
a goate." Mar. 8, 1649, T. R., Vol. I, p. 59; also T. R., Vol. V, p. 84. 

t Apparently the number of cattle which could be turned in on 
the commons was not stinted at first, although the possibility was 
contemplated Thus we read, 1649: "in case that the whole bounds 
of the town come to be stinted for cattle that they [settlers at 
North Sea] must be stinted also." T. R., Vol. I, p. 49. Some por- 
tions, however, seem to have been stinted from the first, for there 
is a common herdsman mentioned in 1643 [T. R .,Vol. I, p. 28.]. 
In 1647, 6 goats were voted equal to a cow [Ibid, p. 46.] and in 1657 
each owner of a £50 lot was declared entitled to pasture 8 "Cow 
Kind," a cow being considered equal to 6 sheep or a horse and 
mare, or 6 goats. Persons pasturing more than their stint were to 
pay Is. 6d. per head. T. R.. Vol. I, p. 115. 

*As Prof. Adams said, "there is more general truth than is usu- 
ally imagined in the story" of the minister [Mather's Magnalia] 
who exhorted the people at Marblehead to be religious or they 
would defeat the main end of having planted the wilderness. "Sir," 
said one of the fishermen, "you are mistaken. You think you are 
preaching to the people at the Bay. Our main end was to catch 
fish." 




w. 



Hisrour OF the town of Southampton g3 

ity here possessed all of the above rights, cannot be pos- 
itively asserted, but it is probable that he did. However 
that may be, it was not long before here as elsewhere 
the distinction began to appear between those who did 
and those who did not, in other words, between simple 
Townsmen on the one hand, and Proprietors, or those 
owning a share in the undivided lands of the Town on 
the other. 

Reference to the various deeds shows that they were 
granted to certain men and their associates and the land 
so granted, was held by them jointly, except such por- 
tions as they might, in their own discretion and from 
time to time, agree among themselves to allot in sever- 
alty to individuals. These were the Proprietors In 
a land "division", if land were allotted to one of them- 
selves, that person would thus acquire the fee simple of 
the individual piece allotted to him and still retain his 
share in the undivided remainder, but if an allotment 
were made to one who was not a Proprietor, all that he 
acquired was the fee of the piece allotted to him with no 
rights whatever in the Common Land. He might how- 
ever, acquire such rights by purchase. The proportion- 
ate interest which each Proprietor owned in the total un- 
divided, or common, land at any time, was the same as 
the ratio which the amount which he had paid in to the 
joint stock of the undertakers bore to the total amount 
of that stock. Thus we find June ii [1647] that "it is 
ordered by all the Inhabitants of this Towne this day 
that this Town is to be devided into fortie home lots 
some biger some less, as men have put in a share, six 
thousand pounds to be divided into fortie parts."* This 
made £150 apiece and was the origin of the so-called 
i 150. lots. 

It will be noted that the above was ordered bv "all 
the Inhabitants of this Towne." and it may have been 
as is thus suggested, that during the early years everv 
or nearly every freeman was likewise a Proprietor and 
that thus m their dual capacities thev could transact 
both_Town^and_Proprietors' business at the same meet- 
*T., R., Vol. I, p. 50. ■ 



64 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ing, which was simply recorded as a Town Meeting. The 
dual capacity, however, was clearly understood, and thus 
we find, when the question of a new Patent came up, 
that it was "by generall voat of the town concluded and 
agreed upon that the Charges about the present patent 
for the town shall be paid by the proprietors according 
to their proportions of purchase of fifties, hundreds, and 
hundred and fifties." § 

As the Town grew and its needs became more diver- 
sified, men pursuing various useful trades were fre- 
quently given allotments of land on condition that they 
would come and remain in the town to carry on their 
trade there. It was usually agreed that they were to re- 
main a certain number of years, after which the land 
would be theirs in fee, but if they did not, then the land 
should revert again to the Proprietors, or Town used in 
that sense.* Although no share in the undivided com- 
mon land went with such grants, nevertheless shares or 
fractions of a share could be bought for no great sum, 
and frequently were, so that in that way newcomers or 
members of a younger generation also became Pro- 
prietors, as well as by inheritance.! 

The end of the system will be discussed in a later 
chapter, and only a few words will here be added as to 
the title to the lands thus secured and owned by the Pro- 
prietors. 

§ T. R., Vol. II, p. 119. Feb. 7, 1686-7. At a meeting Apl. 5, 1687 
it was voted that any of the Inhabitants could buy a "fifty" by pay- 
ing £3 toward the cost of the Patent and so share proportionately 
in all the remaining undivided common land. T. R., Vol. II, p. 295. 

*Thus, Dec. 10, 1678: "By voat is granted unto Ezekiel Sanford 
and given him fifteen acres of land . . . that He continue in the 
towne «& follow his vocation of making cart wheels the term of 
seven years from this time, at a reasonable rate and after that the 
land to be at his own dispose." T. R., Vol. II, p. 75. (This land was 
the lot on Ocean Rd. and Bridge Lane, where the old house still 
stands.) In 1685 John Piny was granted land provided he served 
the Town 5 years as "cutler or smith." T. R., Vol. II, p. 104. In 
1686, Joseph Wickham was granted 3 acres provided he would serve 
7 years as tanner. T. R., Vol. II, p. 111. There are many other 
examples. 

fAmong innumerable examples may be cited Ebenezer White's 
purchase in 1701 of a £50 right of commonage for 53 s. 6d. (T. R., 
Vol. VI, p. 69), and John Wick's bequest in his Will of "% of a 50 
of commonage throughout the town." 



HISTUK) Of THE TOlrn OF SOVTHJMnoN (ir, 

Titles to all land in New England* derived from two 
sources, the Crown in England and the aboriginal oecu 
p.ers ,n Amenca.f The first based its right upon the 
two facts of discovery and possession in conibination, I e 
latter supposedly following the former within a reason- 
able length of time, although sometimes very distincth- 
stretched as ,„ the case of Long Island where the "dis^ 
covery dated from the voyages^f the Cabots in !497-8 
's wa tlfe"r '^ ^''. V"'^."'' '" '583. However, such title 
i'l rou'h the Tr' "°" P^''''' '° "^^ ""dertakers 

IJutch may perhaps ni equity be considered as clearer it 
may also be considered as having passed by sub'^tient 

While the English theory vested the absolute title to 
the land in the Crown, it also recognized a right of user 

he title required that settlers should acquire this Jio-ht 

LCn'::' • °"- ,"' rr'- ■^'^■^ "-done at South- 
ampton as IS evidenced by the Indian Deed of Decem- 

brEnll, ]f ''""■ i"" "" ^"^"^ documents, was drawn up 

by Englishmen and in terms of English law, which was 

of course, utterly alien to the customs and knowledge of 

hat in all';,, T^^'-V^'^"'^ '° -^-^ "'tie room to doubt but 

ract had d fi ''M '""''■ '•"= '"'° P^"'" to the con- 
tract had different ideas as to its nature. Sympathy is 

^fte^^^^ressedfor thejndians and charges of cXuhted 
ettlq • ^^«'"=''">". L""" System of the New Eng.' Colonies, pp. 6 

sfroSa^j ?j;;r£tt?h'ei'^™'°^s^^ 

a^S^'a^ret'^i eT~ HS^tFSf °?-"^^ 

rtuHpK the ■■interreim™ •• S'./^T.? ^^"1 '!'''''" '° ""= East End 
i; bv arms- et?r„tk!J c ' „ "' ''"''"' '" *«'■■ attempt to enforce 
Westminster. ^"^ ''"''">' '^'""""^ *" ""= English by the Treaty of 



66 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

fraud levelled at the whites, for the small prices given 
in their land purchases, but as a rule I do not think 
either sympathy or criticism justified on this point. Mere 
land in itself is worthless. Enormous quantities of land 
have been sold in the West at fifty cents an acre. The 
real question is not that of price, however, but of what 
the Indians thought they were selling. 

When the whites arrived, the native tribes were all 
in the hunting and fishing stage with agriculture but 
very slightly developed, and there was no such thing, ap- 
parently, as the individual ownership of land in fee. As 
far as can be ascertained, the title was vested in the tribe, 
in some cases, at least, remaining in it even when con- 
quered, t Individuals possessed only right of occupancy 
to their wigwam sites or little fields, given to them by 
the Sachem, and this possession was neither permanent 
nor hereditary, t but apparently revocable at pleasure. 
From the nature of the life which the Indian led, this 
was all sufficient, and it is not likely that they had any 
notion of such an arrangement as permanent individual 
ownership in fee. The so-called Indian "deeds" given by 
the Sachems and their chief men,* or counsellors, were 
probably based on native conceptions, or very slight and 
possibly erroneous modifications of them. Moreover, 
everywhere when the lands were originally purchased, 

Jin T. R., Vol. V, p. 18, there is an interesting letter from Robt. 
Seelve to Capt. Topping, Aug. 25, 1663, in which he states that 5 
Long Island Sachems told him that the Montauk Sachem had no 
overlordship of the land but had usurped it, and 'Uncas did affirm 
the same . . . and sayd when the Indians did warre and overcome 
yet it was not their fashone to take away the right of their lands." 

fVide, N. C. Dorr, The Naragansetts, Coll. R. I. Hist. Soc, Vol. 
VII, pp. 137-237; James, Eng. Instit and the Am. Indian, p. 8, 
says, "Tribal right to any particular region . . . cannot be said 
to have been founded on any stronger basis than the right of pres- 
ent occupancy. Inheritance obtained in a few instances, but conquest 
ordinarily accounted for possession." See also Rev. Jonathan 
Bulkley, Enquiry into the Right of the Aboriginal Natives to the 
Lands of Am., &c., 1724. Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1795, 

*Sunk Squaws sometimes gave title. Vide Ind. Deed for Guil- 
ford, Conn., given by the Sachem Squaw as "sole owner, possessor 
and inheritor." Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., IV, p. 183. Indian women 
and even "papooses" sometimes united with men as grantees or as 
witnesses. Vide deeds for Stratford, Conn., in Orcutt's Hist, of 
Stratford, Vol. I, passim. 




After a Storm 




On the South Shore 



HISTORT OF THE TOH-N OF SOUTHAMPTON g7 

the settlers were few and the lands were wide and ii 

■ng common fields. The results a hrU tl, f ^ '''"■" 
not lead the Ind.ans to bel^ve that ■:; i .^^f °,^:' :-' ^ 

the white men had proffered thp,^^ fi • o V ^ P^'^^ 

.' L' ^dTh nt- i[r- h"l^ tt';t^th:f -,: -.^dr 

stood what the other thought was being conve ed when 
lands were ong,nally "sold," and it was fron?this m,s 
understandntg and the inevitable march ofeven That" 
the subsequent troubles everywhere arose, and 'lot f rom 
any general attempt to cheat on the part of the white" 
or perfidy on the side of the Indians. It is likely how 
ever, when m 1703, the entire Town was a^ain nuT 

molt ■ *"™,at bo'r,"" /°' "'"^"'y Pounds'"",r ent 
money. that both parties to the agreement then hp,l 

much clearer ,deas of what they both we e do n " in 
.hat^the ftle was thus finally perfected in justF^ is wd) 



CHAPTER IV. 

GROWTH AND EXPANSION TO 1700. 

We have seen in the last chapter how the httle band 
of colonists, after being repulsed by the Dutch, came to 
North Sea and marching south to the ocean settled at 
Old Town in June, 1640, hastily constructing a village of 
"cellars" and log huts, planting their fields and welcom- 
ing additions to their company until by the beginning of 
1641 the settlement numbered between one and two 
hundred persons. 

It is in April of that year, that we find the first dated 
entry in the Town Records, and it leaves us in no doubt 
as to what was then the chief anxiety of the settlers for 
it reads that "noe man shall give or lende unto any In- 
dian or Indians eyther gunnes, pistolls or any other In- 
struments of Warre upon payne of the forfeiture 

of his whole personal estate,"* as well as corporal pun- 
ishment. Orders were further given for training! and 
the following year every male inhabitant from the age 
of 16 to 60 was ordered to bear arms.t We also find 
"watch and ward" being kept and penalties provided for 
being found asleep on sentry duty, while in 1643 it was 
even forbidden to sell harpoons or fishing irons to the 
Indians as they "are Knowne to be dangerous weapons 
to offend the English." § 

* T. R., Vol. I, p. 22, 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 23. 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 24. 

§ T. R., Vol. I, p. 27. 






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O* 


3 




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a 


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3 







HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 69 

Nor was this fear, which was ever present with the 
settlers for practically the entire first generation, without 
a very real foundation. Constant watchfulness and skillful 
diplomacy preserved the settlements from any serious 
attacks, as well as the steady friendship of Wyandanch 
who, with Lyon Gardiner, watched every shift in Indian 
teehng and policy. Poggatacut, however, was hostile to 
the whites, and many a brave among the Shinnecocks, 
the Montauks and the Manhansetts would doubtless 
have been glad to have taken the warpath against the 
new comers, even the whites admitting that, in his en- 
deavor to befriend them, Wyandanch had seriously 
risked his popularity with his own people. The Long 
Island Indians, moreover, were within the web of con- 
tinental policies and wars, and many efforts were made 
to rouse them against the settlers. 

Miantonomoh, chief of the Narragansetts, bv 1642 
had become seriously alarmed by the encroachments of 
the English and was trying to effect a far-reaching com- 
bination to overwhelm them. So keen was he in pursuit 
of this object that he made frequent visits to Montauk 
to persuade his old enemy Wyandanch to take part in 
the attempt, but without success. On one occasion, find- 
ing W^yandanch absent, he appealed directly to the war- 
riors in the following speech, which explains why sen- 
tries in Southampton that year were not to be allowed 
to slumber at their posts : 

"Brothers," thus began the Narragansett Chief to 
the Alontauk warriors seated about him, "we must be 
one, as the English are one: otherwise, we shall all 
shortly be gone. You know our fathers had plenty of 
deer and skins— our woods and plains were full of deer 
and turkies, a.nd our coves of fish and fowl. But, broth- 
ers, these Englishmen have gotten our lands; they cut 
down the grass with their scythes, and, with their axes, ' 
tell the trees. Their cows and horses eat up the grass, 
and their hogs spoil our clam beds, and we shall be 
starved. Therefore, stand not in vour own light but 
resolve with us to act like men. All the sachems, both 
east and west, have joined with us, and we are resolved 



70 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

to fall upon the English at an appointed time. For this 
purpose I have come secretly to you, because you can 
persuade the Indians and sachems of Long Island to 
what you will. Brothers, I will send over fifty Indians 
to Block Island, and thirty to you from thence; and take 
an hundred of Southampton Indians, with an hundred 
of your own here — and when you see the three fires 
that will be made at the end of forty days hence in a 
clear night, then do as we shall do, and follow, and kill 
men, women, and children, but not the cows, they will 
serve for provisions till the deer be increased." J 

This plot, as well as a later one of Ninicraft's, was 
foiled by Wyandanch and Gardiner, but the constant 
dread of some such attack succeeding was undoubtedly 
the main reason for Southampton's joining the New 
England Confederacy by uniting itself to the colony of 
Connecticut. That colony, itself largely from fear of an 
Indian war, had proposed a union of the larger col- 
onies in 1642 and the suggestion was given definite shape 
the following year at Boston when articles of confeder- 
ation were signed by the Commissioners of Connecticut, 
Massachusetts, New Haven and Plymouth,! This was 
in May and in September we find in the Commissioners' 
Records that Southampton should be permitted to join 
itself to Connecticut provided they could agree upon 
terms,* which they did in the course of the year, final 
ratification to the union being given at the meeting of 
the Commissioners September, 1644. § 

By this important agreement, Southampton became 
a part of Connecticut, the inhabitants taking an oath on 
"the greate and dreadfull name of the everliving God to 
be true & faithfull" subjects of that colony. Home rule 
was amply protected, however, local courts (with right 
of appeal to Connecticut) were maintained, and the 
Town sent two representatives to the General Court at 

% Vide David Gardiner's Chronicles, pp. 7 et seq. The speech is 
taken from Lyon Gardiner's Pequot War [written about 1660]. 

t Vide Osgood, Am. Colonies, Vol. I, Chap. X, and Channing, Hist, 
of U. S., Vol. I, Chap. XV. 

* Acts [Plymouth Records, Vol. IX], Vol. I, p. 10. 

§ Acts, Vol. I, p. 21. S. H., T. R., Vol. I, p- 31. For the Articles 
of Combination see Appendix VII. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 71 

Hartford:!; "ntil the violent rupture of the union follovv- 
mg- the Enghsh capture of New Amsterdam in 1664 as 
will be noted later. 

In spite, however, of anxiety over the Indians the 
httle community pursued its way, establishing- its gov- 
ernment, budding- a church, appointing a schoolmaster, 
and showmg various evidences of vigorous growth. 

A church had been formed, as we saw in the pre- 
ceding ^^hapter, before di^Jull^ntimber of colonists had 

r} SL"f °^ representatives, made uplrorrTeritrieslirthTConn. 
Lol. Records was as follows: v^""". 

1644 . 

1645 

1646 . 

May 20 1647 *Mr..Cosmore [John Gosmer]. 
' "^' /Mr. [Edward] Howell. 

May 18, 1648 \ ^iJ*"- Cosmore. 
/ Mr. Howell. 

May 17, 1649 \ JJ^- Howell. 

{ Mr. Cossmore. 

May 16, 1650 1 JJ^- Howell. 

/ Mr. Cossmore. 

May 15, 1651 \ JJ^'- Sl^^^v ^ . 

/Mr. [Thos.] Topping. 

May 20, 1652 \ JJ""- Lowell. 
/ Mr. Topping. 

May 18. 1653 ] JJ^" ^owell. 

/ Mr. Taping (absent). 

\ . 

/ . 



May 18, 1654 

May 17, 1655 \ ^^- ^^^n Cosmore. 

/ Capt. Thomas Topping. 

May 15, 1656 ! S^P^^Wl^f-. 

/ Mr. [John] Ogden. 

May 21, 1657 \ Jf^- Gosmore. 
/ Mr. Ogden. 

May 20, 1658 \ J}""- ^^den. 

> Mr. Cosmore. 

May 19, 1659 } ?^^- ^gden. 

/ Capt. Tappin. 

May 17, 1660 \ ll^P^- ^ho. Tapping. 
/ Mr. Ogden. 

May 16, 1661 \ JJ*"- ^SP^"^- . 

/ Mr. [Thurston] Rainer. 

Oct. 9, 1662 -* ^^- Topping, John Howell, Deputy. 

/ Mr. Ogden 
May 14, 1663 ^ ^^- [John] Howell. 

' Capt. Thomas Tappin. 
!««• ,^ \ Capt. Thom. Topping. 

May 12, 1664 Mr John Howell 

( Thomas Hallsey, Sr. 



72 HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

left Lynn, the first minister, the Rev. Abraham Pierson, 
arriving in Southampton before the middle of Decem- 
ber. Just how early the first meeting house here was 
built, we do not know but tradition locates it on Old 
Town Road near where the site is marked, our earliest 
recorded reference to it being in 1645 when it was or- 
dered that it should be "sweeped upon the last day of 
every weeke, by each family by turns," and, likewise, 
from October to April that each family should make a 
fire in it upon the Sabbath. Tl It was probably a small, 
perfectly plain rectangular building, as the second one, 
erected in 1651, was only 24x30 feet in size, with posts only 
8^ feet high from the ground to the plate. § In the same 
year that the new one was started, the old one was fin- 
ally bandoned, being given by the Town to Richard 
Mills as an addition to his house provided that he should 
keep an inn or ordinary for strangers for four years. t 
The new one, though used for worship from 1653, ap- 
parently remained unfinished for many years, payments 
being made on account in 1667II and the galleries not 
added until 1682.* 

This was built after the Town, for unknown reasons, 
had moved over to the present Main Street in 1648 from 
its original site at Old Town. Meanwhile, as has al- 
ready been noted, Mr. Pierson had gone to Branford in 
1647, the Rev. Robert Fordham taking his place here 
the next year and remaining until his death in 1674.! He 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 37. 

§ T. R., Vol. I, p. 74. 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 90. 

II T. R., Vol. V, p. 26. 

* T. R., Vol. II, pp. 88 and 206. It was located on the southern 
part of the homestead of Edwin Post and opposite the Parsonage. 
It is said to have been used from 1653 to 1707 when a new church 
was built, tradition relating that for a while, services were held in 
the house of John Jagger, on the site of the Capt. Geo. White 
homestead. Register and Manual, p. 6. The first parsonage was 
that provided for Rev. John Harriman, Apl. 12, 1675. T. R., Vol. 
II, p. 62. 

t For the Town's Agreement with Mr. Fordham see Appendix 
VIII. It has been suggested that the vicinity known as Littleworth 
may have received its name from him, that being the name of a 
village 2 miles from Bedford, Herts. (N. E. Hist. & Gen. Reg., 
Vol. 57, p. 297) . 



HISTORr OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 73 

in turn was followed by John Harriman (1674-1676) t 
Seth Fletcher (i676-i68o),|| Joseph Taylor (1679- 
1682), § and Joseph Whiting- (1682-172^), whose pas- 
torate carries us into the next period of our history. 
Mr. Taylor's salary reads curiously like a "price cur- 
rent," it having been £ 100 per annum "the same to bee 
paid either in winter wheat at five shillings per bushel 
or summer wheat at five shillings sixpence per bushel 
or Indian corne at two shillings sixpence pr. bushel, or 
tallow at 6d. per lb, or green hides at 3d. a pound' or 
dry hides at 6d, a lb., or beef at fourty shillings a barrel, 
or porke at three pounds ten shillings per barrel, or 3d. 
p pound, or whalebone at eight pence per pound, or in 
oyle at thirty shillings per barrel." Perhaps it was some 
consolation to the reverend gentleman to note that it 
was all to be "good and merchantable" and that it was 
to be collected by the constable. 

No school house, apparently, was built until 1664 
when one 15x20 was ordered to be erected vt the 
Town's charge,! but there was undoubtedly regular 
teaching m the settlement much earlier, for Richard 
Mills who was Town Clerk until 1650 signed himself 
"schoolmaster." School in those days seems to have 
been a pretty continuous performance. Jonas Holds- 
vuorth, who was employed by the Town in" 1663 to teach 
at £30 per annum being especially allowed "12 days in 
ye yeare liberty for his own particular occations."* 

t Mr. Harriman 's pastorate seems to have been somewhat 
stormy. T. R., Vol. II p. 266. Was grad. Harvard, 1667. Moved 
to New Haven, July, 1676. 

£i?7^8 *? ^oI^^u^u^^N-?- '^•' 1^^^' di^d 1^82. Est. valued at 
i.ooy, {>, «, ot which his library amounted to £175, 4, 4. Howell's 
Hist., p. 102. 

K h '^' ^V ^"^- ^f PP- '^^ ^"d ^2- W^s son of John Taylor, of Cam- 
^lfF' ^A^V.' ^^"^ :^^^ ^"^^^^ of Harvard College. Joseph, born 
I^IAiTa- ^T^^f' }a}t^ l^^}""^' 1^^^: preached at New Haven, 
9SS 9qn' M J'\?K'*'.^^^^- ^^^'*^y'^ Harvard Graduates, Vol. II, pp 
288-290, N. E. Hist. & Gen. Reg., 1901, p. 380. 

t T. R., Vol. II, p. 232. 

*T. R., Vol II p. 224. In 1694 John Mowbrey was emploved at 12 
shillings cash "per Scholler," for a six months' term, the daily 
hours being 8-11 and 1-5. T. R., Vol. II, p. 360 



74 J HISTORY OF THE TOIf'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

The colony, however, on the material siae was also 
making headway, the earliest step toward expansion 
having- been taken by the building of Edward Howell's 
mill on Benedict's Creek at the locality still known as 
Water Mill, although it is unlikely that there was much, 
if any, settlement there for some time. 

Tjhe first important offshoot of the original commun- 
ity was the planting of North Sea in 1650,7 two years 
after the permanent location of Southampton village on 
its present site and ten years after its first founding. 
During that decade there had been numerous additions 
to the number of settlers, Josias Stanborough and others 
liaving followed the first comers from I^ynn and an im- 
portant group having come from Hempstead, probably 
following the Rev. Robert Fordham upon his removal 
hither from that place of which he had been one of the 
founders. 1 Among those who came with him or sub- 
secjuently were Jonas Wood, Capt. Thomas Topping 
and John Ogden, the last of whom was the founder of 
North Sea, or, as it was occasionally called, Feversham.|i 

This had not only been the original landing place of 

t East Hampton was settled in 1649 but not from Southampton. 

t Some of them subsequently had trouble with the Dutch over 
property left there. Acts United Colonies, Vol. I, pp. 209 et seq. 
Sept. 11, 1651, the Commissioners wrote to the Dutch Governor in 
regard to the affairs of Mr. Fordham, Capt. Topping, John Ogden 
and Jonas Wood "believing the Justice of New England and New 
Netherland is squared by one Rule." Ibid, p. 210. 

II This is proved beyond question, 1st, by two maps, the Wells 
map (reproduced in this book), and the map of New England in 
Blome's Present State (1686); and 2d, by Josselyn's statement 
(Voyages, 1675) that "the considerablest Town upon it [Long Id.] 
is Southampton built on the Southside of the Island towards the 
Eastern end: opposite to this on the Northemside is Feversham" 
(p. 313); and 3d, the reference to "John Ogden of Feversham," 1663 
(T. R,, Vol. I, p. 175). It was also occasionally called Northampton 
(T. R., Vol. I, p. 70). The high sand bluff there has been known 
from earliest times as "Homes Hill" (T. R.. passim.); "Whomeses," 
Vol. II, p. 326; "Homeses Hill," Vol. V, p. 302; "Holmes Hill," VI, 
p. 214; "place called Homses," II, p. 310. In my opinion it is named 
for an Indian. Homes meant "an old man" and was used as a per- 
sonal name. The Shinnecock Sachem lived at North Sea, He con- 
quered the Accobacks, who then came to live with the Shinnecocks 
and Montauks. One of these was named Homes. (Vide, E. H. T. R., 
Vol. I, p. 260.) The frequency with which the name appears as a 
possessive points beyond question in my mind to its being derived 
from a personal name There was no white so named. There was 
an Indian, however, apparently living at that place at that time. 



HISTORV OF THE TOIi'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 75 

the first settlers, but had remained their port, as it did 
tor a hundred and fifty years or more until Sag Harbor 
came mto general use for that purpose. There was a 
mill on the stream there from very early days, and as there 
were more or less frequent arrivals. of boats from other 
ports there may have been a few dwellings prior to i6so 
but It was m that year that the real settlement took 
place, Cow Neck and JelTeries Neck being then granted 
to "Mr Ogden and his company" provided, among 
other thmgs, that he would place six families there * 
That Its founding was due to the crowded conditions in 
the earlier village and also to its advantages as a trading 
port IS shown in an exceedingly interesting letter writ- 
ten, almost at the moment of its founding, by Josias 
btanborough to John Winthrop. Jr., which I give in full 
as it IS the earliest personal letter I have found written 
from Southampton. 

"To the worll his much honrd friend, Mr. Winthrope 
at his house at Pequot theise present. 
n A^?^^^ Sr,— My service and salutation prfixed the 
Cxod of all my mercies recompence yor goodnes & kind- 
nes extended to strangers a thousand-fold into vor 
bosome^ for ye experience I have had of yor love to me 

,-. !^oT^?l=^"u'■X.^^'i^^^*^^ ^" t^e Printed Records, Vol. I, p. 48, but 
s dated Feb. 21. 1649 in the original Mss. Records, Liber A, V^l I 
that Mr OcS ; v,-^^ '' granted by the major part of this towne 
MoX^ Vif • " ^""^ ^'^ company shall have Cow Neck and Jefferies 
n] wi^"" 1 I 0^".^ proper right, also that they shall have for their 
^l!:? -^ /iu ""^ in either or both of said necks three hundred 24 acres, 
hlV^ !?^ S^^ ^^"j^ ""Pu " ^^' ^"^ "P«" ^^^ same grant they are to 
rqf^v! •^'"^'^''T^^*'^'''^ ^^^ brooke by the Sachem's house 
ifdPd ?f W^''- ^^^ ".^^""'^ ^P^^"^' ^°^ th^ir proper right pro- 
fV o. fi. ^ f '^^ ^'■''"' }^^ ^^^ ^^^^' "P«" these conditions following 

that they must pay to all common rates of the towne at the rate of 

tW. r Hi^'"'^!! f t^'''''"^^",? ^^ ^^^ t^^'"^ "P «f t^os« "^en that dwell 
there, 2ndly that hee shall place there six families that shall live 
there and have their abode, 3d that in case that the whole bounds 
^l.n «« r." come to be stmted for cattle that they must be stinted 
also as they are that live at the towne bv the same rule. In common 
rates as aforesaid is alsoe included the ministers meenes." This 
settlement differed from others in the Town in that a separate set 
M. fv?^"^*f ^ ,T^s J^reated. For valuable notes on place names at 
North Sea, by Mr. Pelletreau, see T. R., Vol. VI, p. 273. [Bv a mis- 
print the grant is there dated 1647 instead of 1649—1650 New 

No'^fh^^^'' ^^'' ^- ^-V^'l- ^' P- '^' ^^^- 5' 1651, when the lots a^ 
North Sea were exempted from rates. 



76 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

in this sorte, assureth me of yor pfection in this grace of 
Christ, who will pfect his whole worke in all his ser- 
vants; & if God shall againe bring yo to Southampton, 
I should account it an honor to me to see you under my 
roofe, & blese God for such an optunity to show my selfe 
thankfull to you for what I am ingaged. Sr, I blese God 
1 came well home in two dayes from Pequot, & I recn all 
ye psons in good health, & was restored to them before 
expected at this season ; & there was nothing of moment 
missing to me of all that God hath given me, save that 3 
dayes before I came home 3 foolish boyes burnt me 7 
ioades of hay & 8 of ye Indian wigwams nigh unto it. I 
hope my cattell will live without it, & I so much the lese 
ingaged to Southampton for another yeare. I desire to 
heare how Pequot & Will Chesbrow psed as optunity 
serveth. We have no newes heare being out of ye 
comon roade [or pticular is] ; Southampt will be to strait 
[crowded] for Mr. Fordams friends. Easthampton is 
full, & Mr. Ogden begins a towne on or north side for 
tradein ; & the things that is sad on my spirit is that I 
cannot see a way to bringe to greate blessings to the 
place of my rest (to say) yrself & Mr. Fordam; & then 
all other questions weare answered. But that I be not 
farther tediouse give me leave to prsent my kinde re- 
spects & my [torn] Mris. Winthrop to Mris. Lake; and 
when Mr. Brewster come to you to him, & I rest. 
Yor Wsps in any service, 

Josiah Stanborough. 

Southampton, 4th April, 1650.*" 

Apparently, five years after its founding, the new 
settlement contained one quarter of the population of the 
Town if we are safe in taking the thirst for strong liquor 
as the basis of statistics for in that year it was provided 
that John Cooper should have the sole privilege of selling- 
drink in Southampton, the total amount to be there con- 
sumed per annum to be not more than nine ankers while 
North Sea was also directed to find a man to be licensed 

* Winthrop Papers, Vol. I, p. 371-2. John Winthrop, I think, 
owned the land transferred Oct. 22, 1644 (T. R., Vol. I, p. 33) as 
"the Ten Acre lot that was Mr. Winthropp's." By the above letter 
we see that he had visited the Town. 



HISTORY OF THE TOfrN OF SOUTHAMPTON 77 

whose total sales were to be "three ankers by the yeare 
and not to exceed. "f The little port at any rate contin- 
ued to prosper, and in 1683 Joseph Fordham was granted 
permission to build a warehouse at the landing place 
there.* Wni. Barker, one of the earliest merchants of 
Southampton already having one at Sebonack where 
goods were landed at what is still known as Barker's Is- 
land.! 

Its founder, John Ogden. was one of the sort of men 
I spoke of earlier, prominent wherever he went but 
changing his residence more or less frecjuently as new 
possibilities opened or his somewhat roving spirit led 
and was thus an example of another type of that day, 
able, energetic and restless. t Here, too, it seems, dwelt 
for a time that stormy petrel (not to be too hard on the 
bird) of colonial Long Island, Capt. John Scott, || 
whose son, Jeckamiah, remained after his notor- 
ious father winged his way. It is of this son that 
tradition relates when he returned from New York 
with his commission as Justice of the Peace, he rode into 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 111. An interesting reference to the tavern at 
North Sea occurs in an official letter written by East Hampton to 
Southampton, 1657, in which it is requested that the meeting place 
of the joint commissioners to settle the boundary dispute be the 
"ordinary at the North Sea." This would seem to indicate that in- 
tercourse between the two Towns was by water, not overland — or 
perhaps the "cakes and ale" at North Sea had a reputation. E. H., 
T. R., Vol. I, p. 137. 

* T. R., Vol. II, p. 96. 

§ T. R., Vol. V, p. 180. 

t Dec. 7, 1641, he was in Stamford, Conn., and was granted 10 
acres there and engaged to build a dam. In 1642 he agreed with 
Gov. Kieft to build a stone church in New Amsterdam for 2,400 
guilders. In 1644 he was one of the Patentees of Hempstead. Made 
freeman in Southampton, 1650. (Among others who went from 
Stamford to Hempstead were Jeremy Wood, Jonas Wood, Wm. Ray- 
nor and John Fordham. Huntington, Hist, of Stamford, pp. 19, 22, 
39). Was one of the grantees of Elizabethtown, N. J., and bought 
further rights there 1665. A large number of Southampton and 
North Sea men moved there. Hatfield's Elizabeth, pp. 32, 61. Was 
appointed Schout on restoration of Dutch, 1673. Brodhead, Hist. 
Vol. II, p. 219. He was also named in Conn. Charter of 1662. Trum- 
bull, Conn., Vol. I, p. 249. 

11 For accounts of John Scott see W. Eames in Filling's Bibliog. 
of the Algonquian Languages, pp. 396 et seq; Palfrey's New Eng. 
Note. Vol. II, pp. 564 et seq; N. E. Hist. & Gen. Reg., Vol. 48, pp. 
380 et seq. 



78 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

the village waving it in the air and shouting, "Now will 
1 make the Town to fear me and North Sea to trerrible." 
Among other early neighbors of this judicious magis- 
trate in the new settlement were Jonas \\'ood, John 
Rose, John Jennings, Samuel Clarke. Thomas Shaw and 
Ralph Dayton.^ 

Meanwhile, the history of the Town had again been 
punctuated in 1649, by a particularly bad Indian scare on 
account of the murder of Mrs. Thomas Halsey. The 
little community was thrown into a panic by this mur- 
der, which was known to have been committed by an 
Indian, and a general uprising was feared.* The Shin- 
necocks were first suspected and their Sachem called to 
account, but he either could not or would not give any 
information. Suspicion then turning to the Montauks, 
the Magistrates despatched a messenger to require the 
immediate attendance of Wyandanch. The messenger 
arrived at Wyandanch's wigwam on Montauk late at 
night, but the Montauks were soon roused and gathered 
around their chief, imploring him not to go, lest the 
English should kill him. Wyandanch, however, asked 
gravely whether any of his warriors had been to South- 
ampton within three days, whether any one had ex- 
pressed hostility to the English or had had knowledge of 
the murder and concealed it. to which they all replied in 
the negative. 

As it chanced, Lyon Gardiner was spending the night 
with the chief, and was lying within the wigwam appar- 
ently asleep, although he had heard all of the conversa- 
tion. When it was repeated to him by Wyandanch, the 

§ In "a list of ye towne" made prior to 1666 (in my opinion about 
1659, see my Memorials, pp. 83 et seq.) the following are apparently 
of North Sea: John Rose, Christooher Luoton, Geo. Harris, Richd. 
Smith, Chas. Sturmy and Sam. Clarke (t. R., Vol. II, p. 28), to 
which Howell adds Thos. Shaw, Benj. Haines, Wm. Jennings and 
John Davis In a whaling list of 1667 (T. R., Vol. II, p. 22) these 
same names appear as of North Sea with "Mr. Scott" added. 

* The matter was brought to the attention of the Commissioners 
of the United Colonies at their meeting in July, 1649, by a Declara- 
tion of "Mr. John Gosmer & Thos. Halsey" upon "the danger thay 
were in & difficulties Exposed unto uppon the late murther in yt 
towne whereby thay were necessitated to arme themselves & stande 
uppon theire defence for many dayes." Acts, Vol. I, p. 143. 



HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 79 

Captain advised him as the only means of curing" the set- 
tlers' suspicions, that he should go with the whites to 
to the Shinnecock Sachem and help in tracing the 
murderer whoever he might be, and that meanwhile he 
himself would remain as a hostage with the Montauks 
lor the good treatment of the Chief at Southampton. Wy- 
andanch went, and that night after travelling thirty 
miles he found three Indians who had been principals 
and accessories and brought them to the magistrates in 
the morning, the trouble having been caused by a Pequot 
who had vowed vengeance against the whites and sacri- 
ficed the first victim fate placed in his hands. Appar- 
ently no general plot of the local Indians was in cptes- 
tion! II 

In spite of this reassuring outcome, the following 
years were anxious ones as to Indian affairs. On the one 
hand the Dutch were believed to be supplying the sav- 
ages freely with firearms,* and, on the other, Ninigret 
was attacking the IMontauks and plotting the life of the 
Shinnecock Sachem. f Not only were new rules re- 
garding trading with the Indians put into effect and 
^vatch and ward were strictly kept but by 1653 matters 
had reached the point that in East Hampton no Indian 
was to come into the town except on special business 
and the sentries were ordered to shoot to kill any that 
tried to pass them after dark.i In 1655 occurred the 

II Gardiner, Chronicles, pp. 31-3. Also Acts, Vol. II, p, 98, as 
follows: "Soe when an Eng:lish woman att or about Southampton 
was crewelly and Treacherously morthered by three Indians and one 
of the onely taken this Sag'amore [Wyandanch] seized the other 
two and himself brought them to Justice att Hartford, wherein he 
gave a good Testimony of his fidelitie to the English and hazarded 
the love and Respect of his owne men whoe seldome heare of such a 
Currage in other Sagamores." 

* Sept., 1651, "Captaine Tapping and Jonas wood in theire owne 
name and in the behalfe of Mr. Fardom and Jo'nn Ogden and others 
of Southampton by petition, &c., enformed the Commissioners that 
theire peace is much endangered by that large Trade the Indians 
have with the Dutch in guns powder and shot by which means they 
are at least as plentifully furnished as themselves as apte to give 
volleys of shot in theire entertainments" &c. Acts Unit. Col., Vol. 
I, p. 209. — "because that the Dutch hath hired Indians against the 
English," E. H.. T. R., Vol. I, p. 31. 

t Acts Unit. Col., Vol. II, pp. 98 et seq; Gardiner, Chronicles, pp. 
34 et sea. 

t E. H., T. R., Vol. I, p. 31. 



80 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

bloody attack of the Narragansetts on the iMontaiiks, 
and in the spring of 1657 there was an attack upon 
Southampton village involving the burning of several 
houses, including that of the widow of Edward Howell, 
but this seems to have been rather the work of a few 
criminals than the result of any concerted Indian rising/^ 
Undeterred, however, by the constant danger of sav- 
age foes, the little settlement continued to push on and 
extend its limits, and in January 1653 [1654 N. S.] there 
was made the "Division of lande called Sagaponack," l" 
the land so laid out extending from Flying Point to the 
East Hampton boundary line and lying mainly between 
Mecox Road, Fairfield and Bridge Lanes on the north 
and the ocean on the south. On this large tract, un- 
doubtedly the first settlement was made at Sagg, and 
while the exact date is open to some question I believe 
it to have been in May 1656,! and that Josias Stanbor- 
ough, who had purchased large amounts of land there in 
addition to his original allotment, was the first settler. 

* Vide letter of Simon Bradstreet, Sept. 8, 1657, "sume houses 
wilfully and sinfully burnt att Southampton pt[l]y by a wicked 
Indian who wee heare desparately Killed himselfe to prevent Just 
execution; and ptly by a mischievous Negar woman servant; fare 
deeper in that capitall miscarriage then any or all of the Indians." 
Acts. Unit, Col., Vol. II, p. 180. — On account of these burnings a fine 
of £700 to be paid in 7 years (afterwards partly remitted) was 
laide upon the Indians by the Commissioners of the'United Colonies, 
and it is this which figures in the Records in various connections as 
"fire money." Vide, Col. Records Conn., Vol. I, p. 314. 

t Forty-one £150 lots, T. R., Vol. I, pp. 98-100. Apparently no 
former cultivation had taken place on the 30 eastern lots, but the 
remainder is noted as "Meacoxe old ground," which indicates prior 
cultivation. 

X The facts are these. After having bought much land (T. R., I, 
133 et seq) he sold his home in Southampton, May, 1656 (Ibid, 
p 135). The entry (East Hampton boundary dispute, Ibid, p. 116) 
proves his living in Sagg Mar., 1658 [1659]. An entry in E. H. T. 
R., I, 127, Feb. 18, 1657 [1658] quotes Barnes who "Declareth yt he 
beinge at Saggaponack at Mr. Stanbarows in the Spring time; at yt 
time Mr. Stanbarow did speak unto my mother-in-law," &c. This 
was the spring of 1657, N. S. All this clearly points to 1656 as the 
date of settlement. His house stood at the south end of Sagg Main 
St., on what is still known to-day as the "Stanborough lot." 

Josias Stanborough is first mentioned in Lynn in 1639. (Essex 
Courts, Vol. I, p. 12), noted as "gone out of Contry & pattent," 
26-10-1643 (Ibid, p. 56). 1st wife was Frances, dau. of Henry 
Gransden of Tunbridge, Kent (Lechford, Note Book, p. 199), and 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 81 

The old burying- ground is probably nearly as old as the 
settlement, for in his will dated July 6, 1661 (proved 
Sept. 3) Stanborough gave his "body to bee buried at 
Sagaponack by my former wife" which indicates a burial 
prior to that date although the oldest stone now deciph- 
erable is that of John Topping, 1686.I As the earliest 
houses were on the three sides of the lower end of the 
Main Street, the burying ground was right in the mid- 
dle of them, which was frequently the case in that day 
from fear that the Indians might disinter and desecrate 
the dead unless protected by proximity to the living. 

Another of the very earliest families of Sagg and 
probably among its founders was that of the Toppings, 
although I think it doubtful whether Capt. Thomas Top- 
ping himself ever lived there, f though his son John did 
and the Captain was a landowner there and one of the 
most prominent men in Southampton during the first 
generation, as indeed he was wherever he lived. From 
Wethersfield, Conn., where we first find him, he moved 
to Milford and thence to Hempstead,:!: where the Gov- 
ernor, having impugned the legality of some votes in 
Town Meeting, said that "all that had been done since 
Capt. Topping went away, hee looked at to be nothing."]] 
He probably came to Southampton with John Ogden, 
both of them being chosen freemen the same day, March 
31, 1650,* and in the same year he was chosen a Magis- 
trate and Captain of the soldiers. §He served many terms 
as representative to Hartford, was one, of Gov. Nicolls" 

2cl, Alee, wid. of Thos. Wheeler of New Haven. Was one of repre- 
sentatives of Southampton in East Hampton Boundary dispute (Col. 
Reeds. Conn., I, 368). May have been son of Wm. S. of Canons 
Ashby (N. E. Hist. & Gen. Reg., Vol. 63, p. 166). His son Peregrine 
said to be first white ehild born in Southampton, but I doubt this, 
as he did not eome until 1643. 

I For transcripts of all stones in this eemetery as well as Mecox, 
Hayground, Poxabogue and the "Old" Bridgehampton ones, see my 
Memorials, pp. 312-383, 

t For fuller discussion see Memorials, pp. 72-3. 

t Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, p. 110. The first volume of Hempstead 
Records is lost but was in existence as late as 1875 when Onderdonk 
described it as "the mouse eaten book." 

II Col. Docts.. Vol. XIV, p. 177. 
* T. R., Vol. I, p. 49. 

§ T. R., Vol. I, p. 67. 



82 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Council in 1664,! a member of the Hempstead Conven- 
tion, || and one of the Commissioners of Admiralty 1665, § 
High Sheriff in i666,a and prominent in many other po- 
sitions. It was he who made the celebrated "Topping 
Purchase" of the land west of Canoe Place, which re- 
mained a matter of controversy for some years, but was 
finally turned over to the Town and now forms its west- 
ern half. Whether this dispute had anything to do with 
it or not, I do not know, but he subsequently moved to 
Branford, Conn., where he at once became prominent 
and where he remained until his death in Dec. 1687.^ 

The third prominent family in Sagg was that of the 
Piersons, who did not come, however, until after the 
new land division of 1677, becoming in time the largest 
land owners in the place. Lt. Col. Henry Pierson, the 
first settler of the name in Sagg was a member of the 
Colonial Assembly from 1691 to 170T, Speaker of the 
House 1693 to 1695,* and had an odd experience with 
pirates which will be told in a later chapter. The house 
oi his grandson Job, on the west side of Main Street near 
the South end is one of the oldest houses in Sagg yet 
standing and is still owned by the family, as is also the 
Topping house east of the Burying Ground, likewise in 
possession of descendants of its original owner. The L. 
Page Topping housef and the Elisha O. Hedges housed 
are examples of the earliest type and may be two cen- 
turies or more old. Edward Howell, grandson of the 

% Brodhead, Vol. II, p. 43. 

§ Brodhead, Vol. II, p. 87. 

II Brodhead, Vol. II, p. 67. 

a Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, p. 577. 

b For other references see Coll. Conn. Hist. Soc, III, p. 306; Col. 
Docts., Vol. XIV, pp. 579, 581, 583, 707, 712, Southold and East 
Hampton Records; Conn Col. Records and Acts Unit. Col., passim; 
Memorials, pp. 70 et seq. 

* He was son of Henry Pierson. who was Town Clerk of South- 
ampton from 1653 to 1669 and Clerk of the County Court 1669-1681. 
Col. Pierson's son David was also a member of the Colonial As- 
sembly, 1737-47, and his greatgrandson a member of the State As- 
sembly 1850. See News, May 28, 1908 and Jan. 28, 1910. 

t Northeast corner of Sagg Main St. and East Hampton Road, 
ton Road. 

§ West side of Sagg Main St., second house south of East Hamp- 



'< 









'0 -1 . C-. 



^'^ 




HISTORY OF TUB TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON S3 

founder, was living in Poxabogue in 1718 and that house 
is still standing and owned by his descendants. || 

Among other early settlers were Robert and Nathan 
Norris, who have left their name in Norris Lane, Chris- 
topher Leaming, who moved to Cape May in 1692, Ben- 
jamin Palmer, Joel Bvirnett, and John Morehouse, while 
Daniel Hedges, first of that name in the town, came from 
East Hampton about 1707. 

Meanwhile another community, known then and 
now as Mecox, was growing up somewhat to the west 
of Sagg Pond. The exact date of this, as of the Saga- 
ponack settlement, is uncertain, but my own opinion, 
from study of the records, is that it occurred shortly after 
the latter. In the "List of ye Towne" already referred 
to, we find the census taker enumerating the names of 
Ben Foster, Henry Ludlam, Anthony Ludlam, Ellis 
Cook and Arthur Howell in exactly the order in which 
they lived along the highway in Mecox as he would have 
followed it on his way to Sagaponack, and the names of 
the men immediately following were residents of that 
place. The making of the list, therefore, would seem to 
be subsequent to the founding of both of the new settle- 
ments, and would thus place an outside date for them. 
Howell, who dated the list 1657 was not wrong, 1 think, 
by more than a couple of years or so.* 

In any case, the Ludlams (now Ludlows), Cooks, _ 
and Halseys were undoubtedly the first settlers, fol- 
lowed later, probably about or subsequent to, the time 
of the next division of land lying north of Mecox Road 

II He lived earlier on the east side of the south end of Sagg Street, 
selling his land there Jan. 30, 1713-14. For some time there were 
Indians living around Paxabogue Pond. "One night Mrs. Hand heard 
screams coming from a wigwam and went to see what the trouble 
was. She found the Indian, who had been indulging in fire water, 
with one hand, twisted in his squaw's hair and in the other a long 
black stone with which he was going to brain her. Mrs. Hand ran 
behind him, caught the stone from his hand and ran home. This 
stone was used in the Hand family for three generations for a 
pestle." C. H. Hildreth, in News, Sept. 3, 1909. 

* For fuller discussions of this point see my Memorials, pp. 81-85. 
The earliest mention of the name Mecox is 1644 (T. R., Vol. I, p. 40). 
Ill 1646 Edward Howell was granted 4 acres of meadow land there 
(T. R., Vol. I, p. 98). 



84 HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

in 1677, by the Hildreths, Coopers, Newtons, Sayres, 
Mitchells, Rogers and others.! 

The most interesting of these was, perhaps, young 
Arthur Howell, the son of the founder Edward Howell, 
who lived for awhile in East Hampton after marrying 
Lyon Gardiner's daughter Mary, who died in 1658 
(N. S. ) He left that village after her death, selling his 
house there in 1659, marrying the daughter of Thurston 
Raynor, and it was at that time, I think, that he settled 
m Alecox. As a young man, his attractive figure often 
appears in the Records and frequently in an intimate 
fashion, as when we find him noted as sitting in the 
parlor with a friend smoking a pipe, or being re- 
proved by Mrs. Gardiner for having eaten a "pumkin 
porrage" found in the closet.* This last episode, ow- 
ing to some gossip among the women, made a consider- 
able stir and ended in a suit brought against the feminine 
tattler by his pipe smoking chum, whose character, 
cind so incidentally Howell's, is struck out for us in 
the words of a witness who testified as to his jest- 
ing that one should "take noe heede to him 
for he will mock his f¥riend in a merry way." 
Young Howell's mind was occupied with much besides 
pipes and porridge, however, and he was one of the few 
settlers who learned the Indian language, serving oc- 
casionally as interpreter for the Town. 

The oldest houses of the early Mecox families still 
standing are probably the Sandford homestead on 

t Anthony Ludlam lived on the south side of Mecox Rd., a little 
east of where it makes the sharp bend south toward Bay Lane; 
Ellis Cook on south side where it joins Bay Lane; Arthur Howell 
about where Mr. Twyeffort's "Beach House" new stands; Thos. 
Cooper on the north side, west of the "new" road to Augustus 
Cook's; James Hildreth, north side a little west of Capt. Stephen's; 
Benoni Newton, between Cooper and Hildreth; Daniel Sayre came 
before 1699, John Mitchell between 1686 and 1705, Jonah Rogers 
bfefore 1698. Wm. Russel before 1683, Samuel Lum before 1699; 
Ezekiel Sanford was in the old homestead by, perhaps, 1686. The 
name Mecox originally embraced the entire tract from Sagg Pond to 
Flying Point, and from the ocean to the main country road. "Me- 
cox Gate" was a gate which stood across Ocean Road, just south of 
where Mecox Road runs into it, to prevent cattle straying. It was 
maintained until about 40 years ago and was first mentioned in 1679, 
T. R., Vol. V, p. 183. 

* Vide, amusing suit for slander, E. H., T. R., Vol. I, p. 120. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 85 

Bridge Lane, built perhaps about 1686 and the other 
old Sandford house near by which would seem to be of 
about the same period. The Augustus Cook and Albert 
Halsey houses near the corner of Paul's and Halsey's 
Lanes may be 150-200 years old, and parts of the pres- 
ent Cooper homestead on IMecox Road are probably a 
couple of centuries also, but it is impossible to specify 
any dates exactly.* 

No traces remain of the two earliest mills, one a 
horse mill which gave its name to Horse Mill Lane 
and another which Peletiah Fordham had leave to set 
up near "Calfe Creeke provided he will pay all damage 
that ye mill shall doe to dum cretors, not damnifying 
hig-hways."t The ancient cemetery on Job's Lane still 
remains, however, and is of particular interest as con- 
taining the oldest monument of any sort in the Town, 
being the stone erected to the memory of Anthony Lud- 
1am who died March 17, i68i-2..t Another point of in- 
terest in connection with Alecox is the fact that while 
in all the other settlements the houses were clustered 
together, presumably for protection, this was not the 
case here, each settler living on his own farm and there 
being no trace of a compact village center or street. 

The records of that early day have, naturally, 
mainly to do with the serious business of life, but now 
and then we catch a glimpse of its lighter sides, and 
our first recorded "party" seems to have been in this 
neighborhood, for we read in a deposition of an East 
Hampton resident in 1654. concerning a business trip 
to Southampton to see John Cooper that on the way 
"we mett a man. and after yt we overtook Captayn'e 
Toppine att Mecocks pond &'ther we stayd & pipt it & 
Drunk of a bottle of rum."|| How many a party else- 

* The "old Haines house" on the farm of Mr. Henry Corwith and 
now remodelled beyond recognition dates from 1679, the date ap- 
pearmg on the plate in an upstairs room. Vide, Memorials, p. 218. 
The Briggs (Wick) house in Bull Head may date from about 1686 
m part. 

t T. R., Vol. V, p. 78. 

t For complete list of all inscriptions see my Memorials, pp. 325- 

il E. H., T. R., Vol. I, p. 70. 



86 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

where than Mecox has also started from this same 
point of "we met a man!" 

The two communities separated by Sagg Pond con- 
tinued to grow and prosper and in 1686 the Town auth- 
orized the construction, by Ezekiel Sandford, of the first 
bridge across that sheet of water, § which a httle later 
united the two neighborhoods in name as well as fact 
under the present one of Bridgehampton. 

At the same meeting at which this Bridge was auth- 
orized it was also voted that the people of Sagg and 
Mecox, eastward of the Wading Place,* should be re- 
leased from paying any part of the minister's salary in 
Southampton "from October next" provided they se- 
cured a minister of their own.f This was in 1686, but 
the neighborhoods continued to pay their rates until 
and including 1694,1 in which year the Rev. Ebenezer 
\\^hite|| may have been secured as minister being or- 
dained here Oct. 9, 1695. Meanwhile the first church 
had undoubtedly been built on the site now marked by 
the stone monument on Bridge Lane near the east end 



§ "by the Major vote that ye town in a general town Rate In- 
cluding the whole town shall pay towards the building of a bridge 
over SagaponackPond fifty pounds in pay, the Inhabitants of Saga- 
ponack and Mecox to make and to retain the said bridge forever at 
their own charge and they are to make and maintain ye said bridge 
sufficient for either men, horses or cartes to pass over." T. R., 
Vol. II, p. 110. This bridge, which stood a little north of the pres- 
ent one finally disappeared. About 30 years ago Silas Tuthill, who 
had come from Westhampton and bought land on Smith Corner, 
built a causeway, which went to pieces. The present bridge was 
built in 1900. 

* This was the flat extending across Calve's Creek from about 
the end of Bay Lane. 

t T. R., Vol. II, p. 112. To this was added a vote for laying out 
40 acres in Sagg or Mecox, probably for Parsonage land. It was 
not laid out. 

t By a town vote June 23, 1691, 60 acres was ordered to be laid 
out to be imnroved for a oarsonage. T. R., Vol. II, p. 126. This was 
done Apl. 24, 1694 (T. R., Vol II, p. 129), probably in anticipation 
of Mr. White's coming. 

II Son of Ebenezer; grad. of Harvard, 1692, aged 20. Ordained 
here Oct. 9, 1695. Bought 10 acres in Sagg, Apl. 17, 1695 for £50 
and on it built his house, torn down about 1856. Tradition states 
that at first he boarded with Deacon Elnathan Topping, whose dau. 
he married. On May 27, 1695 the Town voted him 15 acres of land 
where convenient for him (T. R., Vol. II, p. 58). Resigned on ac- 
count of ill health, June 15, 1748. 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON S7 

of Sago- Bridg-e,§ and three years later in a session of 
the Colonial Assembly of which Col. Henry Pierson 
Avas then a member, there was passed, May i6, 1699 
the act incorporating Bridgehampton as a separate 
parish. II 

Meanwhile, however, political events in the little 
world of the Colonies were moving rapidly, and South- 
ampton, unwillingly enough, was caught in their cur- 
rent. Locally great anxiety and annoyance had been caused 
the residents of that and the other ^eastern Towns about 
1660 by that arch mischief maker. Capt. John Scott, who 
through fraudulent purchases from the Indians claimed 
the title to large tracts of land for which he executed 
conveyances. As a result of their common troubles in 
this connection, the three eastern Towns sent represen- 
tatives to a joint meeting in 1663 to consider not merely 
a^ method of extricating themselves from the toils of 
Capt. Scott but to endeavor to form a permanent union 
and if possible secure a charter from the Crown.* 

I '^^f^^i^^o'^ states it to have been about 25 x 35 ft. in size, with 
a thatched roof and a fire place, and to have been built about 1670, 
though to my own mind the records point to about 1686. Before 
a church was built, services were held in private houses. 

II This date was first correctly given in my Memorials, owing to 
the kindness of Mr. Peter Nelson, State Archivist. (See discussion 
i^c in^ volume of dates given by Prime. Thompson, Hedges, &c. pp 
1^6-191.) The Act was entitled "A Bill to enable ye Respective 
lownes, withm this province to build and repair their meeting 
houses & other publick buildings," and the clause specifically relat- 
ing to Bridgehampton was as follows: the "precinct of "Bridge 
Hampton, comonly called Sagaboneck and Mecoxe within ye Towne 
of Southampton, shall forever hereafter be Esteemed a Distinct 
Parish from ye said Towne of Southampton, and have and Injoy all 
ye privileges & Benefits of a distinct parish, for ye building and 
Erecting of a publick Edifice with its appurtenances, for ye pub- 
lick Service of God, according to ye true Intent & meaning of this 
Act. And they are hereby Impov/ered and Authorized to Lay 
Rates upon their respective ffreeholders, Inhabitants and Sojourners 
withm ye said precincts of Bridgehampton, in as full and ample 
manner as if ye said precinct were a Separate & Distinct Town 
withm this province, anything Contained in ye Grant of Southamp- 
ton to ye Contrary hereof in any ways notwithstanding." Col Laws 
of New York, Chap. 83. 

* The Southampton delegates were John Howell, Samuel Clarke. 
Capt. Topping, Rev. Robt. Fordham and John Jessup (in place of 
Thos. Halsey, who refused to serve). T. R., Vol II nn ^27-233- 
E. H., T. R., Vol. I, p. 211. ■ . , pp. < ^00, 



88 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

This ambitious scheme, however, was brought to 
naught by the events of the following year which de- 
termined forever that these Towns should form part of 
New York,t for on the 25th of August 1664 New Am- 
sterdam was forcibly seized by an English fleet, and that 
province, with all of Long Island, was granted to the 
Duke of York"! by Charles II in distinct violation of 
the terms of the new Charter granted to Connecticut 
only two years previously and which had included east- 
ern Long Island in the territory of that Colony.* 

By blood, by tradition, by common origin, by poli- 
tical, religious and commercial ties, the Eastern Towns 
had been strongly bound to New England, when by a 
stroke of the pen they suddenly found themselves sev- 
ered from all their old bonds and associations and united 
to a people who were largely of an alien race. English 
themselves and emigrants from New England colonies, 
they would naturally have turned to their kinsmen, men 
of the same blood and of the same speech rather than 
to the Dutch at the west end of the Island even if the 
ease or difficulty of access to their respective neighbors 
had been less marked in comparison. As it was how- 
ever, a few hours sail through the Bay and across the 
Sound brought them to Saybrook and so up the inland 
waters of the Connecticut with comparative speed and 
comfort, whereas on the other hand, New Amsterdam, 
peopled by a different race, under a more or less hostile gov- 
ernment, speaking a dilTerent tongue, was distant a much 
k nger sail or a hundred miles overland through almost un- 
broken sandy forests.il 

However, the force was overwhelming, as well as 
the new Charter of the King. Gov. Winthrop of neces- 



t East Hampton did not wholly relinquish the plan and brought 
it forward again in 1671. E. H., T. R., Vol. I, p. 237. 

% For copy of grant see Col. Docts., Vol. II, pp. 295 et seq. 

* Dated Apl. 20, 1662. Trumbull, Hist. Conn., Vol. I, p. 249; 
Brodhead, Hist., Vol. I, p. 702. In this Charter John Topping and 
John Ogden were named among the Patentees. 

II There was some commercial intercourse, however. See, e. g., 
suit of Balthazar de Haert vs. John Cooper for *'2,702 gilders in 
seawant," 1667. Cooper could not pay in -vvampum and offered 
beaver skins or "Boston silver." New Amsterdam Records, Vol. 
VI, p. 275. The trading was apparently all by boat. 



HISTORY OF THE TOIf'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 89 

sity relinquished the claims of Connecticut and the East 
End was left to submit to the altered and unwelcome 
conditions. The new governor, Col. Nicolls, promptly 
organized his government, naming among his counsel- 
lors Thomas Topping of Southampton and William 
Wells of Southold.* He also called for a meeting of 
elected representatives from all the Towns, to which 
Southampton sent Capt. Topping and John Howell. 

At this meeting, held March i, 1665, and which 
from the place of its sitting has always been called the 
Hempstead Convention, was passed the Code known as 
the "Duke's Laws," in spite of the opposition of the 
delegates, and Suffolk County was erected into the 
"East Riding of Yorkshire," practically all power being 
conferred upon officials who, by the method of their se- 
lection, would be subservient to the governor. More- 
over, in spite of the fact that the settlers had already 
paid for their lands, both to the Indians and to the 
King's previous grantee, they were required to take out 
new patents, and in 1670 the Southampton titles were 
declared invalid by the Court of Assize unless renewed 
under the new government.! 

This immediately called forth a vigorous protest, 
signed by fifty freemen of the Town, dated Feb. 15, 
1670, reciting the previous purchases and grants, and 
other reasons why a new Patent should not be required, 
among them being the terse one that in the proposed 

Patent "people are enjoined to acknowledge that 

his royal highness the Duke of York is sole proprietor 
of the whole Island; which we cannot consent unto, be- 
cause we know ourselves to be the true proprietors of 
the lands we here possess" t The matter dragged along 
and other protests were sent in, as to taxation for pur- 
poses in other parts of the Province in which they had 

* Brodhead, Hist., Vol. II, p. 43. 

t Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, p. 653. While these events were occurring 
the Eastern Towns were again disturbed, in 1666, by an Indian 
scare, as a result of which all Indians were disarmed and the Towns 
for a while in a state of panic Brodhead, Vol II, p. 156. Council 
Min., Mss., 3(2) :52, 3(2) :65; Col. Mss., 25:209. 

X This document was unfortunately among the papers of the 
Court of Assize, destroyed in the fire at the Albany Capitol. 



90 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPrON 

no interest, and especially as to lack of representation in 
a General Assembly. These were declared by the Gov- 
ernment to be "scandalous, illegal and seditious" and 
were publicly burnt in New York City.f In 1672, ow- 
ing to their extreme dissatisfaction with the government 
of Lovelace, the three Eastern Towns sent a representation 
to the King, praying that they might, as formerly, "be 
continued under the Government and Patent of Mr. 
Winthrop, or else that they may be a free corporation as 
His Majesties subjects,"! but the petition, of course, 
was not granted. 

On July 30th of the following year, however, affairs 
at New York took a dramatic turn and that province 
again suddenly passed into the hands of the Dutch, who 
immediately warned every Long Island Town to send 
deputies to swear allegiance to the restored government. 

Southampton at once turned to Connecticut, as did 
also Southold and East Hampton, for aid and advice, 
but that Colony at the moment had her hands full with 
her own concerns. In August the five eastern Towns 
appointed delegates and sent a list of demands to the 
Dutch which they required should be met before sub- 
mission would be made.* In spite of the fact that one 
of these was refused, the Town of Southampton, on the 
7th of September, delivered up its flag and constable's 
stafT, and sent in nominations for officers from which the 
Dutch selected Edward Howell and Joshua Barnes for 
local magistrates.il 

There had been a dispute, however, between the five 
Towns and the Dutch over the form of the oath of al- 
legiance to be taken to the States General, and in Oct- 
ober they refused to take it as prescribed by the Dutch, 
Southampton writing that it could not abjure its allegi- 

t Brodhead, Hist., Vol. II, p. 187. 

t Brodhead, Hist., Vol. II, pp. 172 et seq. 

* There were 10 demands, only one of which, viz: liberty to pur- 
chase whaling irons in New England, was, for some odd reason, re- 
fused. The delegates from Southampton were John Jessup and 
Joseph Raynor. The five Towns were Southampton, East Hampton, 
Southold, Brookhaven and Huntington. Demands dated, Jamaica, 
Aug. 14, 1673. Col. Docts., Vol. II, pp. 583 et seq. 

II N. Y. Col. Docts., Vol. II, p. 601. 



HJSTOR}' OF THE TOHN OF SOUTJUMFTON 91 

?.nce to the English sovereign.* The people again ap- 
pealed to Connecticut for help, as well as to Massa- 
chusetts,! and this time they were more successful, Con- 
necticut pointing out "how tender, wee are of the Ef- 
fusion of Christian blood" yet promising protection to 
its "dear Neighbours" on Long Island. i 

On the last day of the month, the Dutch despatched 
the frigate Zee-hond, with their commissioners on board 
to the East End to rec[uire submission, heading first for 
Southold whither Connecticut had also despatched Maj. 
W'inthrop to assist in the defence. The Commissioners 
reached Southold and landed, but the inhabitants re- 
fused to take the oath, and in the record kept by the 
Dutch Secretary we read that there were also present 
some inhabitants of Southampton "among them one 
John Couper, who told Mr. Steenwyck to take care and 
not appear with that thing at Southampton, which he 
more than once repeated ; for the Commissioners, agree- 
ably to their commission, had intended to go thither 
next morning; whereupon Mr. Steenwyck asked, what 
he meant by that word thing; to which John Couper re- 
plied, the Prince's flag; then Mr. Steenwyck enquired 

* Letter in Col. Docts., Vol. II, p. 639. Dated Oct. 1, 1673. 

t "Some persons from Southampton made application to the Bos- 
ton General Court for assistance, the messenger, John Cooper, a 
resolute man, proposing it as easy with 100 armed men, to pro- 
claim his Majesty in all the towns upon Long Island, but the depu- 
ties in the General Court wholly refused to engage the country in 
the undertaking." Private letter of Richard Wharton, Sept. 24, 
1673. Cal. State Papers, Col. Ser. Vol. 1669-74, p. 525. 

t Entry Oct. 14, 1673, Capt. John Howell, Capt. John Young and 
Mr. James appeared before the General Court at Hartford and 
"fully declared unto us their dolefuU and distressed estate by rea- 
son of the late threats and usurpations of the Dutch, and have most 
affectionately petitioned us to afford them protection and govern- 
ment." Letter from Genl. Court to Mass., Oct. 17, Conn. Col. Rec- 
ords, Vol. II, p. 212. 

"Son— You will understand by your brother Palmer more fully 
than I can vi^rite the pticulars of the severall motions from South- 
ampton & other townes of the easterne end of Long Island for helpe, 
& that Cant. Youne. Cant. Howell & Mr. James weer heere lately 
... & v't thereupon Cant. Young & Mr. Howell went towards 
Boston the end of last week, & may be expected back the end of 
this . . . and Mr. Coop[er] and Mr. James when they were here 
did mention for yourselfe to goe over." Letter John Winthrop, Jr., 
to Fitz J. Winthrop, Hartford. Oct. 23, 1673. Winthrop Papers, 
Mass Hist. Soc. Coll., Ser. V, Vol. 8, p. 158. 



92 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

of John Couper, if he said so of himself, or on the au- 
thority of the inhabitants of Southampton. He 
answered : Rest satisfied that I warn you, and take 
care you come not with that Flag within range of shot 
of our village." The next day the Commission returned 
to New Amsterdam, fearing further attempts "would 
do more harm than good."* 

In February, however, the Dutch made a more de- 
termined attempt and despatched a flotilla to Southold 
to try to enforce obedience. Soldiers were hurriedly 
sent from East Hampton and Southampton, the latter 
a company of forty under command of Capt. John How- 
ell, the whole force at Southold being under the direc- 
tion of Maj. Winthrop and the Dutch being repelled 
without loss.t 

By the Treaty of Westminster, signed in London, 
Feb. 19, 1674, New Netherland again passed into the 
hands of the English, and in October of that year Ed- 
mund Andros came over as Governor. Connecticut and 
the three eastern Towns made one last effort to main- 
tain their unionf but without avail and eastern Long 
Island ceased to be New England soil.i; The matter of 
the Patent was now vigorously pressed by the new gov- 
ernor and in spite of spirited protests, all three Towns 
were forced to submit, Southampton's Patent being 
dated Nov. i, 1676,11 while under Gov. Dongan, again, 
only ten years later yet another Patent was required to 
be taken out and payment extorted. § 

* Col. Docts., Vol. II, p. 657. 

H For Maj. Winthrop's official report of the "battle," Feb. 25, 
1673-4, see Conn. Col. Rec'ds, Vol. II, pp. 566 et seq. 

t Court of Election, May 14, 1674. "This Court doth nominate 
and appoynt Captn. John Howell, Capt. John Younges and Mr. John 
Mulford to be Commissioners for the townes of South Hampton, 
East Hampton and Southold, and they are hereby impowered to 
keep a county court in these towns as there shall be occasion, and 
they are invested with Magistraticall power." Conn. Col. Records, 
Vol. II, p. 229. 

X The three Towns protested to Andros, but like Connecticut were 
forced to yield. Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, p. 681. 

II For documents relating to Patent, and Patent itself see Ap- 
pendices IX and X. 

§ Vide, Appendix XI. "By the terms of the Dongan Patent the 
Town was to pay 40 shillings annually as a quit rent. After the 




Benedict's Mill. Water Mill 




North End Burying Ground, Southampton 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOLTUAMFTON 93 

In what marked the final settlement of the Town's 
political relations, the meeting- of the first New York 
Assembly April 9, 1691, SutTolk County was repre- 
sented by two delegates, Mathew Howell and Henry 
Pierson, both of whom were Southampton men,* 

Revolution this was considered as due to the State of New York 
and by an act of the Legislature Apl. 1, 1786, it was ordered that the 
rents should be paid into the treasury but that all persons holding 
lands by patent and by quit rent might commute the same by paying 
14 shillings for each shilling of quit rent. By this commutation 
disappeared the last shadow of our colonial form of government." 
Note by W. S. Pelletreau, T. R., Vol. Ill, p. 315. 

* Brodhead, Hist., Vol. II, p. 642; Smith, Hist., Vol. I, p. 99. 



CHAPTER V. 
GOVERNMENT AND SOCIAL LIFE 

We have now followed the history of the colony from 
its founding in 1640 down to the close of the 17th cen- 
tury and witnessed its steady and vigorous growth in 
spite of all vicissitudes and many changes. Before pass- 
ing on to consider its fortunes in the succeeding century 
and its greater development during that period, let us 
pause to examine briefly the form of government of the 
little community and the sort of life led by its men and 
women of those early days. 

Praise has always been lavished, and justly so, upon 
the New England Towns as institutions, yet until some 
thirty years ago but little effort had been made to trace 
or explain their origin. Local historians and antiquar- 
ians described their machinery in great detail in their 
several localities but usually assumed as Prof. Adams 
said, that "they are either the offspring of Puritan vir- 
tue and the Congregational church, or else that they are 
the product of this rocky soil, which is supposed to pro- 
duce free institutions spontaneously, as it docs the ar- 
butus and the oak."* 

Under the powerful impetus of the idea of evolution, 
however, and by the use of the comparative method, the 
study of institutional history has undergone a profound 
change. Town government has ceased to be regarded 
as the evidence of superhuman piety or wit on the part 
of our ancestors and has been found to spring from roots 
* Adams, Germanic Orig. of N. E. Towns, p. 8. 




f^ 






-% 



^^Y^^^^Jc^r^f^.. 




Old Hook Schoolhouse, Southampton 




Presbyterian Church of 1707, Southampton 



HISTOR)- OF THE TOHN OF SOUTH/iMFTON 95 

reaching into the rich soil of ages gone, down through 
Enghsh history, the earher Teutonic stages on the con- 
tinent into the depths of our earhest Aryan past.* Such 
an apparently trifling institution as the village pound for 
stray cattle was found to be older than the Kingdom of 
England, while the Town Meeting and the Town officers 
all had their prototypes in other ages and in other lands. 

The most immediate sources from which our local 
institution's derived were naturally the similar ones with 
which the first settlers were familiar at home in the 
"towns" and "parishes" of old England, f although, of 
course, no model was transplanted in its entirety. No 
two, perhaps, were exactly alike in the older country, 
and local conditions would tend to modify them here, 
while too much stress can be laid upon even apparent 
continuity, the minds of individuals of the same race 
seeming to react in more or less the same way to the 
same needs and circumstances so that even among a 
group of boys in the 19th century ancient and even com- 
plicated forms of land ownership were found to spring 
up almost spontaneously.!]! 

The coincidences, however, are too complete and too 
detailed, and the continuity too well established, to now 
leave doubt but that our local town governments are the 
legitimate descendants of earlier institutions to be traced 
down the great dividing streams of Aryan. Teutonic and 
English history. In some cases indeed they were reviv- 
als of those partially lost to the England of the col- 
onising period, so that Prof. Freeman writes that "the 
most notable thing of all, yet surely the most natural 
thing of all, is that the New England settlers of the 
seventeenth century largely reproduced English institu- 
tions in an older shape than they bore in the England of 

* Among other references see Freeman, Introd. to Am. Institut. 
!Hist.; Adams, Germanic Origins; Foster, Town Govt, in R. I.; 
Adams, Village Communities; !IV[aclear, Early N. E. Towns; Chan- 
ning, Town and County Govt.; !Howard, Local Constit. Hist, of 
U. S, The last has an exhaustive bibliography, pp. 475-498. 

t It must be remembered that in England a Parish was more a 
political than an ecclesiastical division. 

X See the fascinating essay by John Johnson. Rudimentary 
Society among Boys. J. H.. U. S., Ser. II, No. 11. 



90 HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

the seventeenth century. They gave a new Hfe to many 
things which in their older home had well nigh died out. 
The necessary smallness of scale in the original settle- 
ments was the root of the whole matter. It, so to speak, 
drove them back for several centuries ; it caused them to 
reproduce, in not a few points, not the England of their 
own day, but the England of a far earlier time. It led 
them to reproduce in many points the state of things in 
old Greece and in medieval Switzerland.*" 

If, however ,in its general structure of local govern- 
ment, the line of descent is clearly marked as noted 
above, due weight must be given to yet another source of 
contemporary influence at the time the colonists came 
here, and to which not only are some of the most char- 
acteristic American institutions due, such as our laws for 
the sale and registry of land, its inheritance,! religious 
liberty and our free school system, but to some extent 
also the spirit animating the working of all the institu- 
tions of colonial and subsecjuent days. This was the in- 
fluence of Holland, which at the time of the American 
settlement was the freest and most cultured country of 
the old world. % 

In an earlier chapter I have already touched upon 
the question, so far as space permitted, of the common 
land system which formed the basis of all New England 
Towns, tracing it back to the Teutonic mark and show- 
ing its connection with some earlier Aryan system as in- 
dicated by similar institutions in India. The Town Meet- 
ing has a like line of descent and is the inheritor of the 
old questions and old debates of the early "folkmoot" of 
our primitive ancestors. 

These meetings were attended by all the inhabitants 
of the Town and all could express their opinions upon 

* Freeman, Introd., p. 15. 

t Campbell, Puritans, Vol. I, p. 30, quotes Daniel Webster as say- 
ing that the land of an intestate in Colonial New England was di- 
vided equally among the children. This was not the case here, 
the law of primogeniture prevailing. See T. R., Vol. V, p. 287, case 
of Henry Ludlam, and, Ibid, p. 290, case of Edward Howell. In 
both instances the property passed to the eldest son by law, both 
of whom, then, shared voluntarily with the other children. 

X For an extreme but interesting presentation of this point see 
Campbell, Puritan in Holland, England and America, 2 vols. 



n 

•a 



CQ 



I 

o 




HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 97 

the questions at issue. From this it must not be inferred 
that all had an equal voice in the Town's affairs, a 
marked distinction existing between freemen and non- 
ireemen here as elsewhere, the freemen forming a small 
select group within the body of inhabitants, there being in 
Southampton, for example, in the earliest dated list of 
"perfect freemen" which we have, that of 1649 hut 
Sixteen names. § Throughout New England, only the 
ireemen as a rule could vote for magistrates and depu- 
ties, although all the inhabitants could vote for minor 
officers* and on most of the remaining Town business.f 

Citizens were required to attend Town meetings un- 
der penalty of fine, and likewise to vote on every ques- 
tion either for or against.! It was not even optional 
whether one should permit one's self to be elected a 
freeman or not for in 1647 it was decreed that "if any 
man be chosen to bee freeman of this towne shall refuse 
It, shall pay 40 shillings for his fine."|| 

The Town meeting was at once the Executive, the 

§ These were Edward Howell, Gent; Richard Odell, Gent; Wil- 
liam Browne, Job Sayre, Thos. Talmage, John Gosmer, Gent; Thos. 
Halsey John Cooper, Edward Johnes, Richard Smith, John White, 
John Moore. John Howell, Thos. Sayre, Josiah Stanborough and 
Richard Barrett. T. R., Vol. I, p. 56. 

* "The liberties of the freemen ... are chiefly these, 1. To 
chuse all magistrates, and to call them to account at their general 
^r^^l-l 7 ^V n ^^ ?"^^ burgesses every general court as with the 
magistrates shall make or repeal all laws." Hazard, Hist. Coll., Vol. 

l, pp. o (u-o\J. 

t The qualifications of a freeman in Conn, (of which Southamp- 
ton was then a part), Oct. 9, 1662 were that he must be "of a Civil 
peaceable & honest Conversacon according as our Royall Sov- 
eraignes will is his subjects should Demeane themselves: And the 
persons prsentmge themselves are of the age of 21 years and have 
i20 estate beside their persons in the Comon list. And that such 
persons soe Qualified to ye Courts approbacon shalbe prsented at 
ye Court in October yearly or at some adjourned Court and to be 
admitted at the Generall Session in May ensuinge." Oct. Session 
Genl. Assembly, Hartford, 1662. 

There was also the further distinction among residents as be- 
tween Proprietors and Inhabitants, or Commoners and Non-Com- 
moners (m reference to proprietary interest in undivided land). 

% Every man "shall give his vote and Suffrage eyther against or 
lor any such matter and not in any case to be a neuter." T R 
Vol. I., n. 30. ■ " 

II T. R., Vol. I, p. 49. 



98 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Legislature and the Judiciary. It was not only the forum 
for all debate but the General Court which was empow- 
ered among other things "to call and ordayne Magis- 
trates and other officers", "to ordayne Ministers of Jus- 
tice to attach, fetch and sett persons before the Magis- 
trates and to execute the Censures of the Court upon 
the offenders," "to make and repeale Lawes", "to im- 
pose a levy of Monnies for the publick service", and "to 
heare and determine all causes whether civill or crim- 
inal wherein appeale shall be made unto them or which 
they shall see cause to assume in their cogniscence and 
Judicature."! 

As a matter of fact no list of powers would suffice to 
state what it could do, for it was in itself the supreme 
power. By lorce of circumstances there was nothing 
higher to appeal to, and although I could readily cover 
several pages enumerating things it did do, it would not, 
I think, be overstatement to say it could and did do 
everything which a sovereign power under the condi- 
tions of time and place would find it necessary or con- 
venient to do. It laid out land, made grants, directed 
highways, tried civil and criminal cases, enforced punish- 
ments, levied fines and taxes, appointed delegates to 
Connecticut, administered estates and appointed guard- 
ians, built a prison and a church, controlled the whaling 
enterprise and legislated as to the trespassing of "little 
pigges", regulated relations with the Indian tribes and 
arranged for sweeping out the meeting house, and so on 
through an infinitude of matters great and small. 

One of these duties was to decide upon the accept- 
ance or rejection of new comers. Even in the case of 
transient strangers bonds were required from their 
hosts,* but a permanent resident or a land owner was a 
much more serious matter, and we find as early as 1665 
that it was ordered "that noe Inhabitant within the 
boundes of this towne shall sell his house and land or 

t T. R., Vol. I, pp. 25 et seq. 

* "If any person shall entertain any stranger or transient person 
for more than twenty days, he shall give a bond to the Town Clerk 
to save the town from all damage, or pay 40s. for each twenty days 
default, except such person bring to the town with them £20 
value." T. R., Vol. II, p. 181. 




Isaac Foster Homestead, Southampton 




Edwin Halsey House, Southampton 
(Before it was moved back of Herrick's store) 



HIsrORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 90 

any part thereof unto any person yt is a forrainer, at any 
time henceforward except the person bee such as the 
town do Hke of."t This power was constantly exercised 
(as well as the correlative one of banishment) and was 
not only common throughout New England ,11 but like 
all the elements of Town administration is an interesting 
survival, for under the mark system no stranger could 
settle within its limits, build himself a house or buy thi,' 
share of another, without the consent of the mark moot 
or village court. § 

Besides the General Court, it was early ordered 
( 1641 ) that there should be four Quarter Courts a year, 
in March, June, September and December,* and dignity 
and good order were expressly provided for. i| A Grand 
Jury was also formed to bring indictments as well as a 
Petty Jury for trial cases, the number of jurymen vary- 
ing from time to time. Almost every matter in the 
Town was decided by majority vote, and for long this 
held in the juries as elsewhere.:?: 

t T. R.. Vol. I, p. 111. 

I Vide Maclear, N. E. Towns, pp. 133 et seq; also Eggleston Land 
System, pp. 48 et seq. "In the village communities of Russia, a 
man may not sell his house and land to one who is a stranger to 
the 'mir' without the consent of the inhabitants of the village, who 
have always the right of pre-emption. Similar rules prevailed in 
Germany, France and Ireland; and the rights of the inhabitants of 
a village to reclaim land in case of sale to a stranger is, according 
to Laveleye [La Propriete primitif] found everywhere." 

§ Stubbs, Constit. Hist., Vol. I, p. 58. This right existed later in 
the court baron and customary court of the English Manor. Ibid, 
p. 96. 

* T. R., Vol. I, p. 24. To expedite special cases, a Court could 
be convened by making a payment. This was known as a "Pur- 
chased Court." 

II Thus "noe person . . . shall speake . . . unless he bee un- 
covered . . . during: the time of his speech, and not to move or 
speake to any other matter or business, until the former matter in 
hand be ended." T. R., Vol. L p. 37. 

J I do not know what method of voting was used. Paper ballots 
were first used in America in 1629 (unknown in England until 1872, 
although used in Holland at time Pilgrims were there. Campbell, 
Vol. II, pp. 430 et seq). It was provided for in the "Fundamental 
Orders" of Conn., 1639, and so was probably used here. The only 
description of the taking of an early vote here which I have found, 
however, was that of the choice of Mr. Taylor for minister in 1681 
when it was "manifested personally by the towne In general. In 
congregating themselves or gathering together to one side of the 
meeting house." T. R., Vol. II, p. 268. In East Hampton it was 



100 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Magistrates were appointed by the General Court 
from the very beginning, and were always men of the 
highest standing in the community, || frequently serving 
for long terms. It was soon found here, as universally 
throughout New England, however, that at least some 
of the powers of the Town Meeting must be delegated to 
a smaller group, for the prompt and efficient despatch of 
business, and for the sake of having some authority able 
to act between the meetings, and so "the five men that 
are chosen to order towne affayres" early appear. § They 
were elected annually and their number occasionally 
changed, as in 1649 when it was ordered that "three men, 
viz. : Mr. Richard Smithe, Thomas Sayre & John White 
[are] to agitate towne business and they are to have 
the same authority that the five men had the last yeare, 
from the 6th of this instant October dureing the space of 
a whole yeare."* 

by raising hands. "Nov. 2, 1652. It is ordered yt every man shal 
vote by holdinge up his hands eyther with or against in all matters 
upon penalty of payinge 6d the thinge being before Deliberately 
Debated." E. H., T. R., Vol. I, p. 28. 

II As to their duties it was ordered, Jan. 2, 1641, that 'The Magis- 
trates shall governe according to the Lawes now. established, and to 
be established by Generall Courts hereafter, they and eyther of 
them shall be able to send out warrants to any officer to fetch any 
delinquent before them, and examine the cause, and to take order 
by suretyes or safe Custody for his or theire appearance at the 
Court. And further to prevent the offenders lyeing in prison yt 
shall be lawful for the Magistrates or eyther of them to see exe- 
cution don upon any offender for any crime that is not Capitall ac- 
cordinge to the Laws established or to be established in this place." 
T. R., Vol. I, p. 25. The General Court was called by order of a 
Magistrate. Ibid. The list of early Magistrates as compiled by 
Howell, p. 56, is as follows: 1640-46, Edward Howell and part of 
the time Daniel How and John Gosmer; 1647-9 inclusive, Ed- 
ward Howell and John Gosmer; 1850 and 1651. Edward 
Howell, Thos. Topping and John Ogden; 1652 and 1653, Edward 
Howell, Thos. Topping and John Gosmer; 1654, John Gosmer, Thos. 
Topping, Thurston Raynor; 1655, John Gosmer, Thos. Topping, John 
Ogden; 1656, Thos. Topping, John Ogden; 1657 and 1658, John 
Ogden, John Gosmer, Thurston Raynor; 1659, Thos. Topping, Rich'd 
Barrett, John Ogden; 1660, Thos. Topping, John Ogden; 1661, Thos. 
Topping, Thurston Raynor, John Ogden, Rich'd Barrett; 1662, Thos. 
Topping, John Ogden; 1663, Thurston Raynor, John Howell, Rich'd 
Barrett; 1664, Thos. Topping, John Howell, Thurston Raynor. 

§ T. R., Vol. I, pp. 42, 43, 45, 46 (4 men); 50, 57 (3 men); 66 (5 
men); 72, 76, 86, 90, 94, 97 (3 men), etc. For a long account of 
their origin see Howard, pp. 74-88, 

* T. R.. Vol. I. p. 57. 




The John Wick (Briggs) House. Bridgehampton 




Sandford Homestead, Bridgehampton 



HISTORY OF THE TOUN Oh SOUTH AM HTON 101 

As need arose, other officers were early appointed 

such as marshall,t Secretary or Clerk of the Band t 

fown Clerk,|| Captain of the Train Band, Constables^ 

Layers out of Land, Cow Keepers, Overseers of the 

Poor, Recorders of Cattle, Notary Public,a Recorder of 

Lands,b etc. One of the most interesting offices, from 

Its extreme antiquity as well as colonial importance, was 

that of Fence Viewer or Haywarden,c of which Prof 

Adams writes, "Old Homer's ancient men, watchino" 

from the walls of Troy the conflict of human cattle, wer? 

hardly more ancient than this time honored agrarian of- 

hce The swineherd of Odysseus was a near kinsman of 

the Saxon hayward. The office had nothing whatever to 

do with haying, or with grass lots, as the name might at 

first seem to imply. It is derived from the Saxon Hege 

(German Hag, English hedge) and means the warden of 

the hedges or fences. Many German places derive their 

names from the hedge with which they were originally 

surrounded In fact the word town means only a 

place that is hedged in."* It is thus of some interest to 

t "Yt is ordered that for the warneing of Juryes that the Mar- 
shall upon a warrant from a Magistrate shall doe yt," &c., 1641. 
1. K., Vol. 1, p. 23. "Yt is ordered that the Marshall shall have two 
shillings SIX pence for the serving of every execution that shall 
bee to the value of twenty shillings and under." T. R., Vol I p 23 

. ^^u*^n?^ \^^,V l"^? '^y t^^ Magistrate or Magistrates directed 
unto the Marshall shall be leaned by the Marshall," &c., 1643 T R 
Vol. I. p. 29 7 , ■ , 

t T. R., Vol. I. p. 23. 

II "Ye Secretary shall have four shillings per ann. for keeping 

i^^a^°^"^T>^^?.^', ^^^ nothing for the keeping of General Courts." 
iD4/. i. K.. Vol. I, p. 27. 

§ Richard Smith was chosen 1650. The next year Jonas Wood 
was chosen but refused to serve and was fined £5 (fine remitted). 
Richard Post was chosen in his place. 1652. Jonas Wood- 1654 
Elhs Cooke. 

a 1668, "Henry Pierson was chosen to keepe the records of ye 
cattle and "was sworn to the office of publique notary ye 1st of 
June, 68 the oath being administered to him by Capt. topping." 
T. R.. Vol. II, p. 50 -r ^ ff & 

b "Richard Mills recorder of the lands of this town shall have 
two pence for every paper drawne," &c. T. R., Vol I p 73 
c T. R.. Vol. I, p. 128; Vol. II, p. 234, &c. ' 

* "from the old German Zun or Tun, modern German Zaun, mean- 
ing a hedge. The office of hayward was originally constabulary in 
character. He was appointed in feudal times in the Court Leet 
... or popular court of the Norman Manor and English parish. 



102 HISTORY OF THE TOIfN OF SOUTH AM FTO IV 

point out that in the early days, and indeed down to Rev- 
olutionary times and somewhat later, the country side 
was well bordered with hedges of privet or "prim", their 
great destruction at the end of the i8th century having 
been for the rather odd reason of public health, their 
odor being considered dangerous. f Perhaps this ex- 
plains an entry in the East Hampton tax budget for 1713, 
wherein an allowance of 4s. 6d. was made to Frances 
Shaw "for cutting up stinking weeds. "| 

Another survival from very ancient times, and one of 
the functions of Town government, was that known as 
viewing, or perambulating, the bounds. In the days of 
the mark, solemn processions, which later accjuired a re- 
ligious character, were held twice yearly, to restore such 
boundary marks as might have become destroyed, and 
also to fix the bounds in the memory. This custom was 
continued in England, Christian ceremonies replacing 
the heathen sacrifices after the conversion of the people 
but the object remaining the same. The whole popula- 
tion turned out, especially as many boys as possible as 
their memories could be counted upon to last longer. In- 
deed the German custom was to spank them soundly at 
the boundary marks to impress the location on their 
minds. In the procession the bounds were followed ex- 
actly, over fences, houses or any other obstructions, the 
populace scrambling over walls, up and down ladders, 
across roofs, in a sort of glorified game of "follow my 
leader."* Although maintained in this country, it early 
became the work of a few to whom the task was dele- 



thus coming down into the parish life of New England." Adams, 
Village Communities, p. 47. 

t There are frequent references to hedges, thorn and other, in 
the early records. Gardiner, Chronicles, p. 110, says that about 
the end of the Revolution the privet hedges were all cut as people 
thought their blooms contributed to the consumptive and intermit- 
tent fevers then prevalent. In East Hampton 642 persons died in 
the 24 years ending 1775 and only 405 in the next 30 years. 
Beecher, Sermon, p. 17, states, "the cause of this surprising change 
Ih ascribed by many to the death of the prim, which constituted a 
principal part of the fencing of the town; all of which died suddenly 
and unaccountably, about the time that the favorable change took 
place." 

t E. H. T. R., Vol. Ill, p. 312. 

* Vide Howard, Local Constit. Hist., pp. 214-225. 




The Old Hildreth House, Bridgehampton. (Now Torn Down) 




Jackson Homestead, Southampton 



HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTH AM HON 103 

gated. For example, we read under date of June 7, 1721, 
that "Justice Cooper shall take two young men with him' 
and visit ye Bound Tree about five miles beyond Parker's 
and set their names upon said tree in order to keep said 
Bounds in memory."t Of these Bound Trees in the 
older country, Smith writes that "in many places 
throughout England there are ancient trees, or the 
places where they once stood, known, each, by the 
name of 'gospel oak" They were called thus, be- 
cause when the parish bounds were gone round, the 
people halted at each mark and a religious sanctity was 
given to it by the denunciation there of curses upon him 
who should remove the landmark. It is not unworthy of 
note that while superstitious ceremonies were so 
strongly censured at the time of the Reformation, the 
important and vital ceremony of perambulation was ex- 
pressly excepted."* 

It is not within the scope of this book to give a de- 
tailed description of all the machinery of town govern- 
ment. Such an essay might well grow into a volume of 
Its own, but enough has been told to give a general idea 
of its form and also to show that here were no startling 
innovations, no new ideas put forth by the genius oi 
fi-ontier statesmen, that the minds of the settlers in 
crossing the ocean did not "suffer a sea change into 
something rich and strange" but that they merely con- 
tinued here institutions which in many cases for untold 
ages had been the common heritage of the race, modi- 
fied by the new circumstances of wilderness and savage 
foe and of living under a superior authority so distant as 
to be almost negligible. 

Closely allied with the question of Town govern- 
ment was that of the Church, though Church member- 
ship was never here made one of the necessary qualifi- 

t a' ^u ^°'* ^' ^' ■^^^- There are earlier references. 
T ,^^o' '^^^ Parish, quoted in Howard, p. 217. The "Duke's 
Laws (1665) expressly provided for triennial perambulations, and 
m succeeding years the question of enforcement frequently came 
up m the Court of Assizes. Thus, 1666, "the Law for Towne 
peranribulacons to be duly attende!*i"; 1669, "Bounds of Every 
Parish to be perambulated according to Law"; 1672, "Perambulacon 
of rowne bounds reinforced according to Law." N. Y. State Hist. 
Kept., Col. Ser., Vol. L p. 341 



104 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

cations of a freeman, as it was in Massachusetts. Pay- 
ment of rates for the support of the minister was obli- 
gatory upon all, however, just like the taxes for any 
other purpose, and the contracts with the ministers 
were entered into by the Town and not by the Church 
as a separate body.* It is probable that the early 
churches here were, strictly speaking, neither Congre- 
gational nor Presbyterian, but as Dr. Whitaker called 
them "Town Churches", or "Civil Government 
Churches."! They were state churches in so far as the 
entire community was taxed for their support, but the 
degree of religious conformity required, which varied in 
different parts of New England, was apparently not 
very great in Southampton. That there was a very 
considerable amount of liberty of thought is shown by 
the fact that throughout the entire Records there is not 
a single entry to indicate coercion of individuals, penal- 
ties for those holding different views, or legislation di- 
rected against any sect whatever, % while we have seen in 



* For examples of such contracts see Appendices VIII and XII. 

t The oldest two churches in the Town are the present Presby- 
terian Churches in Southampton village and Bridgehampton, al- 
ready mentioned. The Reg. and Manual of the former (prepared 
by the Session) states that it was originally "Independent" in 
form; that like some of the early Congregational churches it may 
have had 5 orders or officers but there is no evidence. The name 
Presbyterian was first used in 1712. After 1760 the title Deacon 
appears on tombstones, Elder not found until first election about 
1792. Sept., 1716, the church presented to the Presbytery of Phila. 
their call for service of Samuel Gelston and "promise to subject 
themselves to the Presbytery in the Lord." It is certain since 1716 
it has continued Presbyterian. First meeting of the Presbytery of 
Long Id. was probably held at Southampton, Apl. 17, 1717. 

In Bridgeh., Parsonage Land was voted 1712 to "a Presbiterian 
Minister and noe other." Minister Brown was ordained by the 
Presbytery but Mr. Woolworth by a Council. On their tombstones 
the first two are called "Pastors of the Church of Christ" (1756 and 
1788), the third, "Pastor of this Congregation" (1821). and the fourth 
"4th pastor of the Presbyterian Church" (1823). At first the only 
officers were Deacons. For lists of Elders and Deacons of the two 
churches see Reg. & Manual and Hedges Bi-Centennial Address. 

X Apparently the highest town officers might be under Church 
censure and still exercise their office, e. g., "March 16, 1643, John 
Moore was censured for saying Daniel How [then a Magistrate] 
did usurpe the execution of the place of Magistracy hee then lyein 
under Church censure, not being then deposed or degraded from the 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 105 

a previous chapter that it was the community's sense of 
civil and reHgious Hberty which led to the withdrawal 
of its first pastor. 

The few banishments which occurred in the East 
End Towns seem to have been based upon the question 
of the offenders' morals and lack of qualities of a good 
citizen rather than upon any religious differences, but 
even had it been otherwise here, as it was in some New 
England communities, we should not sneer, as historians 
have sometimes done, at those who came to secure re- 
ligious freedom and in turn denied it to some extent in 
others. Those engaged in the work of laying the found- 
ations of a new civil and religious polity should not be 
blamed for refusing to passively watch others sap those 
very foundations which they were attempting to build 
up at the expense of so much they had held dear. Nor 
was their attitude either hypocritical or disingenuous. 
We must not forget that in all ages as one of the wisest 
of English statesmen and authors has said "men, 
whether as bodies or individuals pick out as much frorti 
principle and its plainer corollaries, as convenience and 
their purpose needs. The possible limitations of logical 
inference are widened or narrowed or thrust aside point 
blank, just as actual necessity dictates."* 

These words have also another application in ref- 
erence to the early settlers who have so often been pic- 
tured as gloomy, as austere and as stern in their lives as 
fanatical in their religion. He can little understand the 
period or human nature who holds this view. Their 
work was stern and their theology as well, but their 
lives, like ours, were filled with the satisfaction of honest 
work and with the sweetness of love for their wives, ten- 
derness for their children, and the joys of friendship. 
They might listen, as in a later generation, to sermons 
of thunderous eloquence on the "Eternity of Hell Tor- 
ments," but they still felt the freshness of the world in 
spring and the winter's toil sent the blood gaily through 

same, And to confesse his fayling yf hee shall bee at the next quar- 
ter Court." T. R., Vol. I, p. 27. Moore evidently tried to place the 
church above the state and failed. 

* Viscount Morley. Politics and History, p. 58. 



106 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

their veins. Beneath man's opinions and behefs there 
Hes ever, less touched than an exclusive interest in the 
former would lead us to believe, the eternal springs of 
his nature. 

The Sabbath, however, as was customary, was 
strictly observed, although penalties for its breach were 
rarely laid,|| and it began, as elsewhere in New England, 
at sundown on Saturday. f The congregation was called 
to church by beat of drum, as we learn from many en- 
tries, such as that regarding Thomas Sayre in 1648, he 
being "alowed for his basse drumme the some of 13s. 
and his yeare begyneth the sayd daye."* This later 
gave place to a bell, which was again replaced by a bet- 
ter one imported from England in 1694, both of which 
served also the purpose of a curfew, being rung every 
evening at nine o'clock until after the Revolution. Be- 
fore a separate church was provided for in Bridgehamp- 
ton, the inhabitants of that section used to walk or ride 
horseback^ to the Southampton services, along the 
beach, except when the seapoose was running when they 
travelled along Mecox Road and over the Wading 
Place. As I raise my eyes from writing and look across 
to that road, it seems as though I might almost see the 
shadowy forms of the Stanboroughs, the Toppings and 
others in their quaint old clothes, the men habited in 
that "sufficient coslet [corselet] of clapboard or other 
wood" which they were required by law to wear, their 

II Mar. 18, 1697-8. John Parker was fined 6 shillings for Sab- 
bath breaking. T. R., Vol. V. p. 157. June 9. 1663. "Mr. John 
Laughton complained to the Cort that there was a Saboth breach 
and felony committed in Mr. John Ogden's house" [Note added]. 
"July 1, 63, Mr. Laughton acknowledged his miscarriage before our 
magistrate, as alsoe that hee knew nor could prove any such facts 
committed." T. R., Vol. II, p. 30. 

t Of this custom, Mather, speaking of John Cotton, says, "The 
Sabbath he began the evening before; for which keeping of the Sab- 
bath, from evening to evening, he wrote arguments before his com- 
ing to New England; and I suppose, twas from his reason and 
practice that the Christians of New England have generally done 
so too." Magnalia, Vol. I, p. 278. 

* T. R.. Vol. I. p. 52. 

+ The riding is affirmed by a local authority, but the following 
brief entry would seem to cast some doubt upon it, "fine, Paid by 
Thomas Byfield for riding on the Sabbath 5s 6d." T. R., Vol. V, p. 
164. 



HISTORY OF THE TOtl'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 107 

f int lock muskets over their shoulders, their women and 
children riding pillion or trudging beside them, and 
keeping wary eyes towards the woods on the north in 
that lonely stretch from Arthur Howell's to Ellis Cook's. 
Numerous entries prove the constant fear of surprise, 
such as that "all men i6 to 60 yeares except Magis- 
trates, ministers and Constable and clarke shall bare 
armes with guns powder and shot compleat on the 
Lord's dales upon paine of sixpence fore noon and six- 
pence after noon, and whoso leaveth his armes in the 
meeting house shall pay sixe pence."* 

The Meeting House was long the center and gath- 
ering point of the village life, and public notices were 
always posted there or nailed on its door to the beating 
of a drum,t until 1710 when it was "ordered that Oba- 
diah Rogers shall make and set up a post upon ye Green 
against ye meeting house to set papers upon."!' 

One of the most thorny and difficult questions in 
connection with Christian life in New England, appar- 
ently, was always that of seating the congregation in 
due order of social and spiritual precedence, and as it 
always bulked so large in life a little space may be given 
to it here. Its importance may be gauged from the first 
entry which I have found in regard to it, and which is 
as follows : "It is ordered that Mr. Justice Topping, the 
constable & overseers attended by Henry Pierson shall 
appoynt all the Inhabitants of this towne their proper 
and distinct places in the meeting house on the Lords 
day to prevent disorder." 1| What disposition they made 
of the matter does not appear, but undoubtedly the fun- 
damental one of dividing the men and the women as 



* T. R., Vol. I, p. 46. Also Ibid, p. 38, "the one side of the town 
shall beare Armes on the Lord's daye, And the other side of the 
town shall beare Armes the next Lord's daye." This was in an in- 
terval of unusual security. 

t "setting up their order or orders on the meeting house post at 
yc beat of ye drum, the same shall bee, and bee accompted suf- 
ficient and lawfull publishment thereof." T. R., Vol. II, p. 234. 
Vide also T. R., Vol. V, p. 169. 

J T. R., Vol. V, page 168. 

II T. R,, Vol. II, p. 74. Nov. 5, 1679. 



108 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

distinctly appears in an almost contemporary decision 
on the same subject in East Hampton. f 

This was also so in later times, Judge Hedges giving 
the following account of seating in the second church 
edifice in Bridgehampton, which probably followed 
earlier precedents. "There were no aisles in the gal- 
leries. The seats there were partitioned in front across 
the middle as the dividing line between the sexes. They 
were six in number, extending without a break along 
the sides and front of the House. Over the gallery 
stairs were pews, square and with seats all around ex- 
cept at the doors. Both above and below the seats were 
open and free. The assessors who fixed the rates to be 
paid the minister at the yearly meetings directed the 
place where heads of families should sit. The old and 
honored in front, and the younger in the rear. Thus, 
the young passed from the seats for children in the aisles 
below to those back in the galleries, thus to the front 
seats there, then in advancing years to the seats in the 
rear below; and if living to old age, moved perhaps to 
the very front. Thus, it often happened that by suc- 
cessive changes from childhood to age, persons had 
passed through the entire routine of seats from the 
smallest to the most honorable. When no rule of seat- 
ing prevailed, the elder often occupied the middle of the 
meeting house, the younger deferrin'g to them, took rear 
seats, and thus the rear became crowded and the front 
unoccupied. The order of seating while remedying this 
evil created another. Some, thinking themselves as old. 
as honorable, rich and deserving as others who were pre- 
ferred in seats, left the meeting house entirely. So that 
in 1816 all the seats on the lower floor were removed, 
pews put in their place which were yearly hired at auc- 
tion, wherewith the minister was paid. Even this 
change so offended a few that they forsook attendance 
on the church."* 

If the small size and isolation of these early com- 

t "the pews in the meeting house shall be seated with men at the 
West end, and with women at the East end of said house." The 
Committee who settled the question in that Town received 20 shill- 
ings each for their trouble. E. H., T. R., Vol. Ill, p. 387. 

* Hedges, Bi-Centennial Address, p. 7. 




Pi 



';:_ _ J 



HISTORY Oh THE TOIfN OF SOUTHAMFTO\ 100 

munities accounts for much in their revival of earher 
forms of local government, it also made for much that 
vv'e today would consider petty in their mental life, but 
which in reality was not so. For the most part, as far as 
topics of thought and conversation went, the settlers 
were living in a world of their own in which everything 
in the daily life of the colony naturally assumed enor- 
mous importance from there being no standard other 
than that of local interest. Thus, the position of the 
leaders of the settlement in relation to its social life 
was as great as that of the leaders of public life in Eng- 
land in relation to their environment and to- this may 
readily be traced the fondness for titles of courtesy or of 
office which we hnd so plentifully carved upon the old 
tombstones. These men were the leaders of their little 
world and well entitled to their hardly earned and 
usually deserved distinctions, distinctions it must be re- 
membered far more surely indicative of individual worth 
than those gained in a more complex civilization. 

This over-emphasis on local affairs and the magni- 
fying of small matters which loomed so large in their 
limited range of interest, with, perhaps unconsciously 
the added strain to nerves of living, actually and metaph- 
orically, under arms, accounts also I think for the in- 
numerable petty law suits for trespass, slander, etc., so 
characteristic of this early period. 

As to the important matters of marriage and burial, 
the Town accounts tell us much of the latter but noth- 
ing of the former, the obvious reason being that while 
paupers might be buried, they were never married, at 
the expense of the community ! We do know, however, 
that the performance of the marriage ceremony was a 
function, not of the clergy but of the civil magistrates 
and, at least in East Hampton, even of the Selectmen.* 
Of the cost of burials we get frequent glimpses, as "paid 
to John Maltbie for 60 nails and making John Davis, 
coffin and the trouble of burial, 6s. 9d."t and "To a wind- 
ing sheet for John Davis 7s. 6d." as well as "To drink 

- '-'It is ordered that anie of the t::ree men shall have Power to 
marrie during the yeare." Nov. 17, 1651. E. H. T. R., Vol. I, p.20, 
t T. R., Vol. V, p. 164 (1701). 



no HISTORY OF THE TOlfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

iit his laying out and burial 3s. i>4d.," while, a few years 
later, the Town again becomes indebted "for Rum at 
Hankstons burial 2 shillings." H 

Rum makes its frequent appearance and fines for "be- 
ing droncke", it must be confessed, were collected with 
some frequency, it remaining here as elsewhere for a 
new social outlook to materially reduce this vice. Liquor 
was always sold, and its sale regulated both as to quan- 
tity and price, at the inns, or "ordinaries," as they 
were called, of the day, the first of which, as we have 
already seen, was kept by Richard Alills, former Town 
Clerk and schoolmaster, in return for the gift to him 
of the old church building in 165 1. From time to time 
various ones were "prevailed upon" to act the host. (it 
was evidently not a much desired ofifice)* in one case it 
being specified that "victuals and lodgings is only for 
strangers except it bee for towne dwellers upon court 
days and training days."t 

We must remember that at that time there was little 
other stimulant for either body or mind, there being as 
yet no coffee or tea and but very little sugar, although 
tobacco was raised from the earliest daysj and pipe 
smoking was common. There were no newspapers or 
libraries and but few families had any books. Occasion- 
ally found valued in the inventories of the time as 
"books" or "a few old books", their titles are rarely 
given but when we do find them they invariably indi- 
cate a decidedly solid religious content. Thus, Caleb 
Horton of Southold in 1699 bequeathed to his son "one 
Bible & a commentary on ye ten commandments & a 
book entitled ye Excellency of holy carriage in evil 

II T. R., Vol. V, p. 169. 

* "It is ordered that whereas Tho. Goldsmith is prevailed by the 
town to keep an ordinary in this towne, there is no person shall 
retaile any liquors or wines or strong drink within the bounds of 
this plantation but hee the said Thomas Goldsmith upon penalty of 
ten shillings per quart." T. R., Vol. I, p. 96. The custom of drink- 
ing rum at a house raising was also old. E. H., T. R., Vol. Ill, p. 
415, 1725. Also Ibid, Vol. V, p. 573 in which is the record of the 
death of an 8-year-old child from drinking liquor at the raising of 
the windmill. 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 120. 

I Southold, T. R., Vol. II, pp. 239 and 415. 



A*--;^^ 




'The Hollyhocks," Southampton 







is m' ^ 

8 ii. n 



Y- 



X 



i::i 



M'l 



lllili: 






Old Southampton Academy 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN Ot SOUTHAMPTON 111 

times by Mrs. Burroughs also a sermon book by Mr. 
Jeremy Turner," |l and Lyon Gardiner in a letter to 
John Winthrop, Jr., in 1650 in reference to securing a 
clergyman for his island wrote that "being he is but a 
yong man, hapily he hath not manie books, therefore lei 
him know what I have. Firste, the 3 Books of Martters, 
Erasmus, moste of Perkins, Wilsons Dixtionare, a large 
Concordiance, Mayor on the New Tstement; some of 
theas with othar that I have, may be ucefull to him."t 

Business dealings between the three Towns on the 
part of a few, whose names constantly appear, seem to 
have been fairly frequent, but of social intercourse there 
was evidently little during all this first period, John L. 
Gardiner writing in 1798$ that "tradition informs us 
that before East Hampton people built their first grist 
mill (which went with cattle), they went to Southamp- 
ton to mill and carried their grain on the back of a bull 
that belonged to the town (for the use of their cows)* 

One might suppose that East Hampton might 

have been settled from Southampton but the method of 
pronunciation is quite dififerent although the towns join. 
An East Hampton man may be known from a South- 
ampton man as well as a native of Kent in England may 

be distinguished from a Yorkshire man Very little 

intercourse took place between the two towns before the 
Revolutionary War; since that visits and intermarriages 
are more frequent." 

Intercourse was probably hindered by the bad roads, 
along which even two centuries later, progress could be 
made only with painful slowness, although, even early, 
attempts were occasionally made to remedy them, as in 
1677 when Gov. Andros ordered that "ye new way de- 
signed and ordered in Governour Nicolls time through 
the middle of the Island, from Huntington eastward to 



II Early Long Id., Wills of SuflFolk County, Pelletreau. 

t Winthrop Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Ser. IV, Vol. VII, p. 59. 

t Observations on the Town of East Hampton, N. Y. Hist. Soc. 
Coll.. 1869, p. 232. 

* The "town bull" long remained here and elsewhere as an in- 
stitution, appearing in the E. H. T. R., as late as 1834, Vol. IV, p. 
498. 



112 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Southampton and Southold bee not only remarked but 
sufficiently cleared of brush. "J 

The earliest permanent dwellings were all of one 
type which remained unchanged in style for a hundred 
years. This was the type of the Thomas Sayre house in 
Southampton village, iDuilt in 1648 and torn down in 
1912, at which time it was said to be the oldest frame 
building in the state of New York.* Tradition also af- 
firms that it was the first frame building in the Town, 
built when all the other houses were still log huts. Ori- 
ginally single, it was made into a double house at the 
end of its first century, and as shown in the illustration, 
was of the type still familiar to us in the Sandford and 
other houses of the period. |1 This type was of two 
stories in front and frequently less than one behind, with 
an entry and parlor in front and a kitchen taking up 
half the rear, and a bedroom and pantry the other half, 
the ceilings as a rule being seven feet high. In a double 
house this plan was practically doubled, the kitchen re- 
maining as a single room twice the original size. The 
front room, or parlor, in which the wainscoating 
was usually painted blue, was lit by two small windows 
with 6x8 glass, the size being limited by the expense. 

Outside the building was unpainted, usually shingled 
with 3-foot cedar shingles, an inch thick at the butt, and 
also roofed with shingles although thatch was used at 
first. t In at least one old house, known as the Engie 

% Col. Docts., Vol. XIV, p. 729. 

* Other old houses of Southampton village were the "Hollyhocks" 
(the old Isaac Halsey house) toward the south end of Main St., now 
the oldest house standing, the Edwin Halsey house (moved back 
of Herrick's store), the Maj. Samuel Bishop house in North End, 
Chas. S. Halsey's, off Bowden Square; Wm. S. Pelletreau's, Ed. P. 
Huntting's, Jas. E. Foster's (now moved), old Foster Homestead, 
South End, H. P. Fordham's, Jas. Marshall's (Irving Annex), Stan- 
borough house. Elias Howell's. Mrs. H. F. Herrick's and David 
White's. 

Quite a number of the older houses have been so remodelled as to 
be almost unrecognizable inside and out. 

II It stood next to the Municipal Building and in its existence of 
264 years was never sold, but always descended in the family. 

t The 18-inch shingle seems to have came in about the end of the 
18th century. See advertisement in Frothingham's Long Island 
Herald, 1797, in which both 3-foot and 18-inch shingles are offered. 



UlSTUR) OF THE TOHN UF SOLTHAMFTON 113 

house in Sagg, it was found that the shingles were set 
in pitch. X There were always two nails to a shingle 
and these, like the bolts and locks, were hand wrought. 
The chimneys and fireplaces || were enormous masses 
of brickwork, and took up much of the space in these 
small houses, making of the hall a mere entry, while 
"the front stairs zig-zagged and turned, and wound and 
squirmed toward the upper rooms." The very earliest 
chimnies of all, which, of course, have not survived, 
w^ere made with wooden frames, lathed and heavily 
plastered inside and out, they being said to be "catted" 
when lathed, and "daubed" when plastered. It is needless 
to say that with such chimnies and many thatched roofs, 
fire was an ever present danger and we find many regu- 
lations in regard to them, such as March 19, 1665, when 
it was "ordered that two men shall go tomorrow morn- 
■ ing and view the Chimnies in ye town, and they shall 
give warning to ye owners of such chimnies as are in 
their Judgment to bee pulled down and made new, that 
they pull down such their Chimnies within six days, and 
make them probably safe from chance of firing," etc.* 
How soon bricks came into general use for chimneys, 
T do not know. The first brickmaker was John Berwick, 
who lived in Mecox, and frequent transactions with him 
are on record, of which the earliest I have noted is of 
Aug. 27, 1677, in which 1-3 of Lot No. 12 at Mecox is 
given for "a parcel of brick."t The old bricks were 
more irregular in for m than our modern ones, as well as 

X Now the summer residence of Wm. C. Engle, Esq. When it was 
being altered in 1909, a bundle of papers was found under the floor 
of the attic, consisting of deeds, bills, a letter, &c. They related 
to the Pierson family and had apparently been stowed away by 
Stephen Pierson who died in 1788. The house is said to have been 
partly remodelled in 1790. In 1679 Lt. Col. Pierson (died 1701) 
came into possession of the "Job Pierson land" and it was once 
thought he lived there. It now seems possible he may have built 
the Engle house. 

II The fireplaces were requently of stone also, as in the old 
Hedges house, Sagg Main St. (now torn down). 

* T. R., Vol. V, p. 25. Again, Ibid, p. 26, "9 ber, 6, 66. It is 
ordered that every inhabitant belonging to this towne shall have 
and set up to his Chimney a substantial ladder, which shall reach 
at least to the top of ye house," etc. 

t T. R.. Vol. II. p. 68. 



114 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

somewhat larger, and sometimes were highly glazed. 
They were made both at Seponack and Long Springs.! 

The timbers were very large, hand hewn and usually 
of oak, while in one case at least, the building was also 
sheathed in oak planks two inches thick.§ The earliest 
house made of sawn timber is reputed to have been that 
of the late Capt. Isaac Say re, on the northeast corner of 
Main Street and Hampton Road, Southampton, and 
said to have been built a little over a century ago. 

The houses were usually placed with the two-story 
front facing due south, regardless of what relation this 
would bring them into with the road, while the roads 
themselves, such as ran in a northerly direction, were 
curiously laid out not quite north, but to a great extent 
on an "eleven o'clock line." 

"Moving house" about here seems to have been to an ex- 
traordinary degree a literal and not a metaphorical ex- 
pression, and many an old homestead which looks as 
though it had spent centuries in its present location, may 
have come from miles away.f The frames of the older 
houses were put together with wooden pins, not nails, 
and when being moved they were partially taken apart 
and not moved as a whole as a modern building is. 

Small as the early houses were, they were frequently 
sold or bequeathed room by room, as noted in the sale of 
Abiel Cook to Ellis Cook in 1730 of "the westermost 
dwelling room in my new house, with the charnber over 
the same, and the leanto."* 

Within, the houses contained almost nothing but the 
barest necessities, few had any pictures, few had lamps. 
and it was not everyone even who had candlesticks. The 
remarkably minute wills and inventories tell us of tables, 
desks, chests, a few chairs, beds and bedding, andirons, 
shovels and tongs, a few pots and pans, some wood and 

t T. R., Vol. V, p. 267. 

§ Mrs. Herrick's house, Main St. and North Sea Road, Southamp- 
ton. 

t I once met three on the move all in the course of one drive. 
Perhaps the record was in Sag Harbor in Feb., 1890, v^hen I tind 
in the current newspapers references to 7 houses being moved within 
a month. 

* T. R.. Vol. VI. p. 177. 



a 
O 



o 

3 
1X3 

&5 




HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 115 

pewter ware, perhaps a little earthenware, occasionally 
a few shillings worth of books or a silver tankard. There 
were of course no stoves or coal, and all cooking was 
done by open wood fires, which were also the only 
means of heating the houses. All fires were kindled by 
a spark struck from flint and steel on a bit of tow, and 
a tinder box was in every home. 

When to these living conditions we add the scanti- 
ness of the medical knowledge of those times and the 
scarcity of doctors, we are not surprised that only the 
hardiest could survive and that 91 deaths out of 20b in 
East Hampton between i6g6 and 1714 were those of 
children. t Just how early the Town possessed a resi- 
dent physician is unknown. The first of whom we can 
be sure was a Dr. Nathaniel Wade, who appears in the 
list of inhabitants of 1698 as living in Bridgehampton, 
and whose treatment does not seem to have been uni- 
formly successful, the Town, in 1701, having had him 
treat a woman prisoner "and Dr. Wade administered 
something and let her blood, and we found that she was 
never the better, so we bade him forbear to meddle with 
her any more."* A "Doctor Crag" is mentioned in 
1684 and may then have been a resident of the Town.^H 
One feature of those early days was that everybody 
worked, and Mr. Pelletreau makes the statement that 
until the Revolution there was not a man or woman in 
Southampton who did not earn their daily bread by daily 
labor. Rich as well as poor toiled with their hands, 
either in the fields or at their trades. There were no 
"learned professions" and even the minister farmed it, 
although provided with what was then a comfortable in- 
come. Work thus soon became an ingrained habit and 

t E. H., T. R., Vol. V, p. 560. This volume contains the best vital 

statistics for this period. 

* T. R., Vol. V, pp. 161, 163. 

II "It was alsoe agreed with Dr. Crag by the towne concerning 
the lad James Hintchel under care, that ye said Doctor Crag doth 
engage to ye towne to send him to ye place where his father dwells 
at Island St. Christopher or Neviss and to produce the master's re- 
ceipt that shall carry him thither and deliver him at ye said 
Island. In consideration of cure and transportation the towne give 
him 15 pounds." T. R., Vol. II, p. 99. 



IIG HISTORY Ot THE TOHN Ot SOUTHAMPrON 

a matter of pride, which may have had something to do 
with delaying the building of schools, though a regular 
school was apparently started by 1655, and there had, 
as we know, been teaching before that. Although for 
those days a remarkably large percentage of the men 
could write, this was not true of the women, and it is 
probable that the schooling of the girls was very slight, 
nere as elsewhere.* 

Agriculture was, of course, the main industry, sup- 
plemented by occasional whaling and fishing, and I 
quo'te at length Judge Hedges picture of the early farm- 
er.f "Grass was cut with the scythe, raked by a hand 
rake, pitched by the old heavy iron fork; grain was 
reaped with the sickle, threshed with the flail and win- 
nowed with a riddle; land was ploughed with a heavy 
wooden framed plough, pointed with wrought iron, 
whose mole board was protected by odd bits of old cart 
wheel tire; harrows were mostly made with wooden 
teeth; corn hills were dug with the hoe; the manure for 
the hill was dropped in heaps, carried by hand in a 
basket and separately put in each hill. The farmer 
raised flax and generally a few sheep. Threshing lasted 
well into the winter, and then out came the crackle and 
swingle, knife and board. The flax was dressed, wool 
carded, and the wheel sung to the linen, and woolen 
spun in every house. The loom's dreary pound gave 
evidence that home manufacture clad the household. 
From his feet to his head the farmer stood in vestment 
produced on his own farm. The leather of his shoes 
came from the hides of his own cattle ; the linen and 
woolen that he wore were products that he raised. The 
farmer's wife or daughters braided and sewed the straw 
hat on his head. His fur cap was made from the skin of 
? fox that he shot. The feathers of wild fowl whereon 
he rested his weary frame by night were the results ac- 
quired in his shooting. The pillow-cases, sheets and 
blankets, the comfortable, quilts and counterpanes, the 

* In Vol. II, of the Town Records I have noted six of the wealth- 
iest and most prominent women in the community who sign by a 
mark, while their husbands in each case write their names. 

t Address Bi-Centennial of Suffolk County, pp. 42 et seq. 



HISTORY UF THE TOUN OF SOUTHAMPTON ]17 

towels and table cloth were home made. His harness 
and lines he cut from hides grown on his farm. Every- 
thing about his ox-yoke, except staple and ring, he 
made. His whip, his ox-goad, his flail, axe, hoe, and 
fork handle were his own work." 

These conditions remained practically unchanged 
until after the Revolution and explain the minuteness of \ 
bequest and record in early wills and inventories,* from ^ 
which we gain so clear an idea of the domestic economy 
of the times. Cattle were an important part of the prop- 
erty of the early settlers, and as they were herded to- 
gether on the commons identification was necessary and 
this was secured by the "ear marks," the recording of 
which appears with such frequency in the records of all 
the eastern Towns, even until comparatively late years. t 
The commonest markings were the hollow crop, the 
square crop, the slope, the ha'penny, the L, slit, nick, and 
hole or combinations of them, the ear being folded over 
and snipped like a piece of paper. The marks could be 
bought and sold and descended by inheritance. 

While the life was hard and laborious, it was a life 
led mainly by freemen, tilling their own soil and gov- 
erned by themselves. Not wholly so, however, for there 
were three small classes in the community the fruits of 
whose labors were not their own to enjoy. These were 
the indentured servants and the negro and Indian slaves. ^ 
The first served for a limited period only, though it 

* Vide Appendix XIII. It must be remembered in reading them 
that £, s, d,,was merely money of account, people reckoning in it 
but actual payment being made in coins of Portugal, Spain, Eng- 
land and France. Moreover, nowhere in the Colonies did even this 
money of account correspond exactly to the same denominations in 
English money, the depreciation varying in different colonies. Call- 
ing the £ sterling 100, the Georgia £ was 90, New England 75, 
Pa. 60. New York 56%. Putting it another way, the Spanish dollar 
("piece of 8") equalled 4s. 6d. sterling, or 5s. in Ga., 6 s. in New 
England and Va., 7s. 6d. New Jeresy, Pa , Del. & Md., 8s. New York 
& Nor. Car. Queene Anne issued a proclamation forbidding the 
piece of 8 to pass anywhere in the Colonies for more than 6s. 
This is what was called in the records "proclamation money." Vide 
Andrews, McMaster on our Earlv Money. Mag. West. Plist., June, 
1886, pp. 141 et seq. 

t In E. H. T. R., Vol V. n 319, an ear mark is entered May 2. 
1885. 



118 HISTORY OF THE. TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

might be a long one,t were taught some useful trade, 
and were usually given some clothes, money or tools at 
the expiration of their term of service, and in such com- 
munities as these in the early days ; could then start in to 
carve their own way with fair chances of success.* These 
indentured servants were not always white and I have 
found many references in the Records on this end of the 
Island to Indians bound out for a term of years just as 
the white servants were, in some cases having sold them- 
selves, in others having been sold by their guardians or 
parents, the length of service varying from six monthsj 
to twenty-four years. |l 

t T. R., Vol. I, p. 35. Edward Howell took a child one year old 
who was to be provided "meat, drinke and Apparel and necessaryes 
fit for such a servant . . . until the sayd child shall be of the 
age of thirty years." , 

* The following is a good example of such an agreement. 
"Articles of agreement made & Confirmed betwene Renock Garrison 
of this Towne of Easthampton the one partie. And Isaack Mills & 
Elizabeth his wife Inhabitant within the precincts of Southampton 
the other pty as ffoloweth: That ye said Renock due by theise pres- 
ents bind out his sonn Samuell Garrison unto ye aforesaid Isaack 
Mills & his wife to live with them as a sarvant or an apprentice 
untill hee bee one and Twentie yeeres of age & to pforme unto his 
Master & dame ffaithfuU service according to his abillitie And the 
foresaid Isaack Mills & his wife doe Ingage themselves to take care 
of him as a sarvant ought to bee & to provide for him meate drink 
Lodginge & apparrell sufficient & Comfortable for him dureing 
the foresaid Terme of time; And ye said Isaack Mills doe bind him- 
selfe by theise presents to learne ye said Samuell his servant in ye 
Art & Trade of a Carpenter soe farr forth as he can & is able & as 
hee ye said Samuell is capable to learne, and alsoe ye said Isaack & 
his wife doe Ingag themselves to teach this their sarvant Samuell to 
read & write as allsoe to give unto him two suites of apparrell when 
his time is expired. To all & every of ye above said premises we 
every one of us have set to or hands & scales this 24 of August 
1683 the Child being now 6 yeeres of age ye 18 of July past. 
The mark of R. G. Renock Garrison [L. S.] 
Isaack Mills [L. S.] 
Elizabeth Mills I her mark [L. S.] 
Signed & sealed in presence of 
Tho. Tallmage 
Shoball Talmage." 

E. H. T. R.. Vol. II. p. 133. 

X In 1673 Isaack, an Indian, hired himself to Wm. Edwards 
"duringe the snace of ha^f a veare" for "foure pound in marchant- 
able pay." E. H. T. R., Vol. I, p. 362. 

II John Kirtland sells to Rev. Thomas James "my servant Hope- 
well; Indyan; whom I bought of his guardyans being an orphan not 
one yeare ould" for the balance of his term of 19 years until he 



3 

a- 

c 

3 



cd 

a. 

(6 

p 
B 




HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 119 

There is no question, moreover, that from the very 
earliest days Indians were also held as slaves for life 
though probably in comparatively small numbers In- 
dian slavery as an avowed governmental policy had be- 
gun in New England with the captives taken in the Pe- 
quot War m 1636, four years before the founding of 
Southampton§ and its existence was recognized both in 
the Connecticut Code of 1646II and by the United Col- 
onies during the period that Southampton was united 
with New England.! In New York, nearly all laws re- 
lating to slavery between 1644 and 1788 recognized the 
existence of Indian slavery and treated it as an integral 
part of the slave system. J 

There are several cases in the local Records which 

establish the fact of Indian life slavery on the East End 

beyond question. In 1678, Arthur Howell's son-in-law 

James Loper, of East Hampton bought at New L on- 

don "m open market," "one Indian Captive girle about 

1 hirteene or foorteene yeeres of age Comonlie Called or 

known by ye name of Beck for him ye sd Tames Loper 

his heires or assignes or either of them to have hould 

possess and enjoy as his or their proper- estate during 

her natural life," &c. By a second instrument, Loper 

created a curious trust fund of the girl, making Arthur 

Howell trustee, the slave to be for the use of Elizabeth 

Loper during her life and on her death to pass in fee to 

her children.* 

l^i^]^^^^^^^^^ at the end of thaT time he to"^^^^d^ 

ten pound m Currant pay & a suite of Cloathes." E. H T R 
Vol. I p. 229 (1675). See also Ibid. p. 411; Vol. I. pp 132" 173 et 
sey, 212 and Southold T. R., Vol. II, p. 74. ^ ' ^^ 

8 Lauber, Indian Slavery in Colonial Times, &c. Col. Univ 
the subieJt ^'^' '^"- '• ^'"'^^"^ "" ^^*^"«^^^ bibliog?aphy of 

II Steiner, Slavery in Conn,, p. 10. 

t Acts. Vol. I. p. 71. (1646) 

% Morgan, Slavery in State of N. Y., p. 12. In New Jersev as 
Ird1.^rf.i'f • '^>f Chief Justice delivered'an opinion thar^they fthe 
Indians] have been so long recognized as slaves in our law, that it 
would be as great a violation of the rights of property to establish 

?S T^,"^"^'^""" l^ '\ '^^"^ b^ ^" the case of Africans." So ey. 
btudy of Slavery m N. J., p. 13. v^^wicj,, 

* Both documents are given in full, E. H. T. R., Vol. I, pp. 412 et 



120 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Another clear case was that of an Indian woman 
named Sarah, who we know by her subsequent petition 
to the Governor was a free born Indian woman of New 
York. She first appears in the Southold Town Rec- 
ords in 1689,1 when James Parshall declares himself to 
"have sold & delivered unto John Parker of Southamp- 
ton fuller an Indian Garle aged about eight years 
daughter of on Dorkas an Indian woman, which said 
Sarah was my slave for her lifetime; and I doe by these 
presents sell her ye sd Sarah unto him the said John 
Parker dureing her natural life" for "the full & just sum 
of sixteen pounds current money." In 1712 Parker sold 
her and an Indian boy to John Wick of Bridgehampton 
for £21. i2s.,J: who in turn shipped her to the island of 
Madeira to be sold, from which point her story is told 
in her petition given in the footnote. || 



t Southold T. R., Vol. II, pp. 179 et seq. 
t T. R., Vol. VI, D. 61. 

II "To his Excellency Robert Hunter, Esq., Captain General and 
Governour in chiefe in and over Her Majesty's Province of New 
York and New Jerseys and of all the Territorys and Tracts of 
Land Depending thereon in America and Vice Admiral of ye Same. 

"The humble Petition of Sarah Robins a Free born Indian Woman 
Sheweth, Unto your Excellency that your Petitioner is a Native of 
this Her Majesty's Province and was born of ffree parents hath 
lived great part of her time upon Long Island with one John Parker 
of Southampton and by him was turned over to One John Week of 
Bridgehampton the said Island who turned her over to Capt. Rob- 
ert Walters of the City of New Yourk but on what Acot. She know- 
etli not, The Said Robert Walters upon the ffirst day of January 
hath caused you Petition [er] against her will to be Transported unto 
the Island of Madera in Order to be there Sold for a Slave but after 
h^r ai rival in the Said place upon her Application to the English Con- 
sul and declaring that she was a Free Subject the Said Consul So 
procured that Capt. Peter Roland who brought her into the Said 
Island should bring her back again to the this Colony She having 
before refused to be made a Freewoman if she would have turned 
to the Roman Catholik ffaith and bee therein Baptized And your 
Petitioner being still in fear that She may be further Imposed on 
and at some time or other Craftily conveyed to Some other part 
of the World under the Notion of a Slave She Doth therefore in 
most humble manner pray that the said John Parker John Week or 
the said Robert Walters may be put to prove their Title to her as 
a Slave and if they fail therein Then She humbly prays your Ex- 
cellency's Protection whereby She may be Suffered to live quietly 
and Safely in this her Native Country as a Freeborn Subject of 
the Same And She as in Duty bound shall Ever pray." N. Y. Col. 
Mss , 56:90. 



HlsrOR) Of THE Ton-N Oh SOVTHAMnoi, 121 

Negro slavery was likewise practised early and there 

to'have l.e " '''r? '^^^ '^>' ^^59.^ Black Slav's seem 
to have become fairly numerous later as shown by the 
number of manumissions recorded about the beginn up 
<A the 19th century after the passage of the Act of 788 

.^n^farfeltur^r^ ^^^^^"^' '^^ ''^ ^'^^^ ^^^^^^ 

IifeT.f'fhr'^'°'"^ I' ''"' ' '°"^'^ °"^^i"^ ^^^^tch of the 

of that iffeT'""""-: 1" ''' ""''' ''""'"''y- Many aspects 

U ose h b. "' T' ''''" '°"'^^^ "P^" ^' ^^H' while 
those that have, of necessity, have been so but briefly 

but perhaps enough has been told to give pause to those 

^!hojM;°f!«s^oJon^^ to th^e 'good old days '' 

§ T. R., Vol. II, p. 207. Also BrookhaveiTTy^T^^ronTpT^^; 



CHAPTER VI. 

• PIRATES AND OTHER 18TH CENTURY MATTERS 

The new settlements east of Water Mill had grown 
and prospered, and in 1677, as we have seen, another 
large division of land was made and again two years later 
there was laid out the Forty Acre Division (lots of 40 
acres each) north of Bridgehampton from Hay Ground 
to Lumber Lane.* By 1698 the bridge had been built 
connecting Mecox and Sagg, the church stood near it, a 
mill had been put up on Sagg stream,! population had 
grown and the Indians had ceased to be a serious menace. 
The present was secure and the future was bright indeed. 

At that time Lt. Col. Henry Pierson was a member 
of the Colonial Assembly in New York and some such 
thoughts may have occupied his mind on a certain day in 
March 1698 as he looked from a window in his house at 
Sagg over the stretch of brown fields to the blue waters 
of the ocean. Little could he dream that, at that very 
mornent perhaps, on the other side of that wide expanse, 
a ship was slipping from her dock in London on "an in- 



* In 1712 the "South," or "Thirty Acre Division" was laid out of 
land at Mill Pond Head, Scuttle Hole and north of the main country 
road at Sagg. This road is sometimes called East Hampton Path 
and also "the King's Road." (T. R., Vol. Ill, p. 23). The locality 
by the Scuttle Hole Rd., north of Lumber Lane, was early called 
Huntington, and the east end of the road called Huntington Path. 
"Scuttle Hole" may be said to extend from Mitchell's Lane to the 
lane which forms the south boundary of the Pierce Butler farm. 
The "Brushy Plain" lay north and west, Dr. Corwith's former resi- 
dence. 

t Vide, T. R., Vol. II, pp. 110, 139. 




OS 



a 



HISTORY Of THE TOIVN OF SOLTIUMHTON ' 123 

lerloping voyage" to Borneo and the East, the fortunes 
of which were to become so strangely interwoven with 
his own as to bring him measurably near ending his hon- 
orable career upon a gallows and which were to cause 
him many an anxious week while waiting for the King's 
pardon from England. Nothing surely could seem fur- 
ther apart than that London venture to the other side of 
the earth and the farmer, soldier and legislator in his 
peaceful home in this retired nook of the new world, 
thousands of miles from any destined route of the little 
vessel. 

She was, as we learn,* "a Hag Boat, Ipswich built. 
about 350 Tunns mounted with Twenty two Gunns," and 
well named the "Adventure." She was "well enough 
carved and yellow painted only the Bugilugs between 
the windows are black, she hath badges on her quarters, 
and a freezework runns between the fife Rale, and the 
plane Sheere quite aft, only one Boat which is a Pinnace 
about thirty foot long row^es with nine Oars well carved 
and adorned." 

Her cargo consisted of "Scarlet and other Coloured 
Cloth, Perpetuanoes and Broad Flannells, Opium, Iron 
and Lead, Furzees with brass work upon the Stocks, 
Small Iron Gunns, all about 200 weight, Grapnells and 
Anchors from 50 1. to 2 or 3 Ct. weight and," (and here 
we begin to scent trouble), "Spanish Dollars 33500," in 
all a cargo to the value of £13000, or in our day near 
$400,000. 

Of her jolly crew we also possess a minute descrip- 
tion. There was Joseph Bradish, boatswain's mate, 25 
years old, "of ordinary Stature, well sett, round visage, 
fresh complexion, darkish hair, pock fretten." There 
was John Lloyd "rawboned, very pale complexion, dark 
hair, remarkably deformed by an attraction of the Lower 
Eyelid," Andrew Martin "Short, thick great Lips, black 
bushy hair," Thomas Simpson, "Short and Small, black, 
much Squint eyed," Joe Witherly, "Short very Small. 
black, blind of one Eye," John Parrot, "lamish of both 



* Affidavit of Capt. Gullock. For other contemporary documents 
see Appendix XIV. 



124 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Leggs," Ellmore Clark with a "very down looke," and 
others given in the Captain's affidavit. Well may he have 
cast an anxious look over this cheerful crew as they 
v/eighed anchor at the London dock and he thought of 
the 33000 Spanish Dollars placed "in the bread closet." 

Of all that happened on the voyage we have an unus- 
ually full account made up of affidavits and official cor- 
respondence from half a dozen sources, among which we 
find Gov. Stoughton of Massachusetts writing, April 12, 
1699, from Boston to Mr. Secretary Vernon in London 
as follows :* 

"About March 15 arrived at the east end of Long Is- 
land the ship or Hakeboat Adventure of London, bur- 
then about 350 Tons with 22 guns, Thomas Gulleck late 
commander, which sailed from Gravesend, March 16, 
1698, bound to the Island of Borneo, in India, upon an 
interloping trade being set forth by Capt. Henry Tate and 
Capt. Hammond, who keep a brew-house in Thames 
Street, Mr. Samuel Shepard and the Heathcotts, mer- 
chants in London, and having proceeded so far onwards 
of her voyage as Polonais, there stopped to water; and 
the said commander with several of the officers, mar- 
iners and some passengers being on shore and the boats 
gone on board with water, the rest of the ship's com- 
pany combined and conspired together to leave them and 
run away with the ship and lading Sept. 17. They cut 
the cable and brought the ship to sail, offering the yaule 
to some of the company that refused to join with them 
in the piracy to transport them to the shore. Several 
went off in her to the island; the surgeon's mate and 
two other youths they forced to stay. The chief mate 
also with the boatswain and armourer not consenting in 
the villainous act, but unwilling to go on shore at the 
Island, they gave the long boat unto them with the 
necessary provisions, etc., three days after, being then 
about 20 leagues from the land, in which they went off 
from the ship. The remainder of the Company on 
board, being 25 or 26, made choice of one Joseph Bra- 

* Cal. of State Papers. Col. Ser. Vol. 1699, pp. 132 et seq. Com- 
paring the account with the Affidavits of Gullock, David Hacker and 
Wm. Whitesides, it is seen to be fairly accurate. See Appendix XIV. 



HISTURY OF THE TOHS OF SOUTtlAMFTOS 125 

dish, the boatswain's mate to be their commander, 
whom they preferred for his skill in navigation, and di- 
rected their course for Maurisias, where they fitted the 
ship, took in some fresh provisions, and two young gen- 
tlemen named Charles Seymour and John Power, who 
being on a voyage for India in a ship under the command 
of one Capt. Pye, were unhappily left behind in the said 
island. From Maurisias they came about Cape Bon Es- 
perance, and in short time after made a sharing of the 
money on board, which was contained in nine chests 
stowed in the bread room, and set forth three or four 
and twenty single shares besides the Captain's, which 
was two shares and a half, weighing out the money. 
Some received 1500, other 1600 dollars for a single share. 
They afterward made a second sharing of broadcloths, 
serges, stulTs, and other goods on board. They stopped 
at the Island of Ascension, took some turtle and fresh 
provisions in there, and then directed their course for 
this continent and arrived as aforesaid at Long Island, 
where Capt. Bradish went on shore, carried the most 
of his money and jewels with him, committed them to 
the custody of a gentleman on the island [Lt. Col. Pier- 
son], sent a pilot on board to remove the ship and bring 
her to an island called Gardiner's Island, but the wind 
not favouring them, ran over to Block Island within 
Rhode Island Government, whence they sent two of the 
company to Rhode Island to buy a sloop, but the Gov- 
ernment there, having notice that a ship was hovering 
about those parts suspected to be a pirate, seized the 
two men and detained them, the intelligence whereof 
being carried to the ship and some sloops being de- 
scried coming from the island towards the ship, the Com- 
pany, fearing that they were manned out from thence 
to seize them, forthwith came to sail and stood off to 
seaward. The sloops following them came up with 
them, and being informed what the sloops were, per- 
mitted them to come on board and bought one of them 
and hired another to transport them and their money, 
allowing the sloopmen to take what they pleased out 
of the ship, and having put their moneys on board the 
sloops, sank the ship and got on shore, some in one place. 



126 HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

some at another, landing at farmhouses, where they 
provided themselves of horses, and scattered into divers 
parts of the country, the Captain and some others with 
him coming into this Province. Upon the first intelh- 
gence whereof a Proclamation was issued and hue and 
crys sent through the Province and into the neighbour- 
ing Government to pursue and seize on all such of them 
as could be found, with their treasure. The Captain 
with ten more of the Company are apprehended and in 
custody here in order to a trial,* who upon examination 
severally confessed the particulars before recited, and a 
considerable quantity of money to the value of near 
3000 1. with several goods and merchandize taken out of 
the ship are seized. Seven or eight more are appre- 
hended within Connecticut Government.''^ 

A week later we find the Council in New York or- 
dering that a certain John Morrey shall be paid £6 re- 
ward out of the money "in Coll. Peirsons hands as a Re- 
ward for his intercepting a Letter sent from Broadish 
the pyrate to the sd. Coll. Peirson,"t and a little before 
that Samuel Mulford testifying that on "March 20 Lt. 
Col. Henry Peirson of Sagaponnock, Nassau Island, 
brought Bradish ofT from the Adventure, and Josiah 
Topping, of Sagaponack, told him that Bradish and Peir- 

* By an odd turn of fortune the jailer proved to be a kinsman of 
Bradish's, and, with the help of a girl, the pirate effected his es- 
cape, but was recaptured and sent to England in the same ship with 
Capt. Kidd. "April 8, 1699, Bradish brought to Town. Was taken 
at Deerfield." Diary of Samuel Sewell Mass Hist. Soc .Coll.. Ser. 
V, Vol. V, p. 495 "Midsummer Day, 1699, At 9 at night Bradish and 
Witherly get out of Prison and make their escape with the Maid 
that helped them out" Ibid, p. 498. "October 26, 1699. Joseph 
Bradish, Lee Witherly, and Kate Price are brought to town and 
sent to Prison, from which thev escaned June 24." Ibid. n. 503. 
"Feb. 16, 1699-70, pleasant weather. Kid, Bradish, Gillam, Witherly 
are sent on board the Advice Frigat." Ibid, Vol. VI, p. 6. Sic 
exeunt omnes. 

X "That money, found on Block Id., I understand to be £1,000 
Ten or eleven of the pirates are seized at New London by Col. 
Winthrop, Gov. Connecticut, and £1,800 in money. At Boston they 
have taken 15 or 16 and 5 or £6,000. The Governor of Rhode Island 
is said to have seized another parcel of money, so that there may be 
in the whole near £10 000 secured for the owners in England." 
Cal. State Papers. Col. Ser. Vol. 1699. p. 191. 

t N. Y. Council Min. Mss. 8:102. 




The Old Cannon from the Sylph. BridRehampton 




Old Bridg-ehampton Academy 



UlSrORr OF THE TOff'N OF SOLTHAMFTON 127 

son went to that place together with a wallet about the 
bulk of looo pounds in silver."$ In all, the Colonel was 
shown to have four bags in his possession containing 
2805 "pieces of eight," of the value of £942. 19s. 7^d.* 
While his connection with the case is curious and ob- 
scure, it seems to have been at the most, merely indis- 
creet, for the Earl of Bellomont wrote to the Council of 
Trade in regard to the matter as follows :t "What I have 
received from Pierson is lodged with Col. Courtland the 
Collector and shall be forthcoming to the owners upon 
your Lordship's order or such other authority as I can 
be secure in. Lt. Col. Pierson came frankly and volun- 
tarily to me and owned Bradish had been at his house 
and left some bags of money with him and a bag of 
jewels. He has a fair character and is a man of sub- 
stance and member of the present Assembly. I fright- 
ened him by telling him he would stand in need of the 
King's mercy for that by the Statute 28 of Henry VHI 
he was equally guilty with Bradish. I hope your Lord- 
ships will obtain the King's leave for me to pardon him, 
which I will not do without your leave, though you 
write me (Oct. 25) that I have a power by my Com- 
mission to pardon pirates. I assure you I do not inter- 
cede for him upon the score of a reward." 

Nearly a year later, and a most unpleasant year it 
must have been to Col. Pierson, the Council of Trade 
w rote to Lord Bellomont, "as we doubt not of your con- 
tinuing your endeavors for the suppression of piracy, so 
we hope among others, to have some good account of 
the seizing of those pirates, which you say, July 22, were 
sheltered with a great deal of money in Nassau Island, 
though we are very sensible of the difficulty to do it in 
a place where they are so much favoured. [ !] His 
I\Tajesty is pleased to allow your Lordship to pardon 
Col. Pierson (May 3) provided he has delivered up all 

: Cal. State Papers, Col. Ser Vol. 1699, p. 191. 

* Detailed sworn statement by Lord Bellomont. Mss. Col. Office 
Series, Class 5, Volume 1042. London. With it is a deposition of 
Simon Bonan, a Jew; one of Cornelius Schellinx, one of Col. Pier- 
son, <^:c,, given in Appendix XIV. 

t Letter from Gov. Bellomont to Council of Trade and Planta- 
tions, May 3, 1699. Cal. State Papers, Col. Ser. Vol. 1699, p. 190. 



12S HISTORY Of THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

the effects he had in his hands belonging to the said 
pirates."* 

This seems to have been done and though the 
money was real enough, the jewels, alas, seem to have 
proved false, though one cannot help wondering why 
counterfeit stones should have been brought home from 
the far East by anxious pirates. Many a queer thing' 
happened in Long Island waters in those days, however, 
as well as officially in New York and perhaps we must 
not enquire too closely. "At first," Bellomont wrote, 
"we thought there had been £ loooo worth," but Simon 
Bonan, a Jew, "pronounced them false, he understanding" 
jewels well."t 

Of the truth of the above story, which has never be- 
fore been recounted, it is evident that there can be no 
doubt whatever, and it raises an interesting point as to 

* "Whitehall, Apl. 11, 1700." Letter Council of Trade and Plan- 
tations to Gov., the Earl of Bellomont. Cal. State Papers, Col. Ser. 
Vol. 1700, p. 159. 

t Cal. State Papers, Col. Ser. Vol. 1699, p. 190. The list is from 
Council Min. Mss. 8:104. "An Inventory of a Bagg of Jewells left 
bv Joseph Broadish in the hands of Lieut. Coll. Henry Pierson taken 
in Counsell this 27th Day of Aprill 1699. A Large dark blew stone 
sett in an Enamelled Knot and a large seeming peare pearle Enam- 
elled on one side at the Bottom tyed with a small blew Ribbon to a 
peice of — board Covered with paper, which being taken of weighs 
knot and all two hundred twenty-five Carrotts and on the paper 
v/as writt £4 s 0. H No 48. 

A Parcell of small Redd stones in a hollow stirk \1^, which stones 
together with two green, and one blew weigh 160 Carrotts. 

Another small parcell of Redd stones pollished weigh 4 Carrots. 

A Rose or Breast Jewell with seeming Turkoys stones light blew 
with seeming pearles weighs 124% Carrotts. No. 10. 

A pare of Large pendants sealed to a piece of Pastboard on which 
in writt £25. No. 1 

A Redd Stone sett in Lead weighs Thirty Carrotts. 

A Blew stone sett and Enamelled on the Back-side weighs 32y2 
Carrotts. No. 7: £7. 

Another blev/ stone weighing 27 Carrotts. No. 9: £4 

Another Blew stone fastened with a Ribbon to a piece of Past- 
board wherein is writt £12: No. 8: weighing 48 Carrotts. 

Two Cro.sses sett with stones fastened to a peice of Pastboard 
marked No 3: £8: s 0: d 0. 

Two Roses of stones Marked No. 4: Ten pounds. 

11 Rings with Cullord stones weigh 117 Carrotts, 

A diamond Rins: of 7 stones w: 20 Carrotts. 

A gold ring without a Stone, w. 6 carets. 

A great Cullord stone in a blak box with leather w. 220 Cart." 




Road at Sebonack 



HISTORY OF THt: TOHN Of SOUTN/IMFTOM 129 

the growth of local legends and their value as historical 
material because for long there has floated about the 
Town a story known as that of "The Pirate's Belt", 
which I give in the words of a local antiquarian, the late 
Mr. C. H. Hildreth.* After speaking of other matters, 
he wrote, "Some time before this, I had an interview 
with Uncle Stephen Topping and among other things we 
talked about this belt, which I had often heard of before. 
Uncle Stephen said that, years before, he asked an old 
jNIontauk squaw about the pirate vessel. She said the 
brig came in and anchored ofT Shagwannock,! and that 
the Indians went off to her in their boats, and never 
came back. In the morning the brig was gone. Some 
supposed they were pirates, and planning to disband and 
wanted the boats to scatter in different directions, and 
scuttled the brig and sent her and the Indians to the bot- 
tom together. I think that probably she was a slaver, 
and that so the poor Indians, instead of going to the bot- 
tom off Shagwannock, went down South as slaves. 
About this time a sick man stopped for the night at Tim- 
othy Pierson's [1730- 1802]. In the morning he was so 
bad that he could not continue his journey and soon died. 
Mrs. Pierson told that just before he died he said 'I wear 
a belt.' She said they buried him in his clothes, belt and 
all, and about 12 o'clock that night, the hour when spirit 
witches are supposed to visit the earth, there was a light 
seen at the grave, which was just across the street from 
the house. I suppose it was robbed." Soon after this 
the new house, now owned by Mrs. Russell Sage, was 
built on East Hampton Road, and there were other evi- 
dences of suddenly acquired riches. 

Such is the story as it is told locally, and I was not 
inclined to question it in too critical a spirit, until I un- 
earthed the earlier and absolutely authentic one. Even 
now I am not in a position to either affirm or deny the 

* The ver-sion by Judge Hedges (Sag Harbor Express. May 27, 
1897) agrees substantially in detail with the above. Both were 
careful students of local matters and both believed in the story. 

t "A hill, point of land, and a reef of rocks on the northeastern 
part of Montauk, in the Indian Fields. . . . The Indian huts until 
a few years ago were located on the side of this hill." Tooker. 
riace Names, p. 238. 



130 HISTORY UF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMHTON 

existence of the belt, but it does strike me as unusual that 
one family, and that among the most distinguished in 
every way in the Town, should happen to have such very 
odd dealings with pirate folk in two successive genera- 
tions ! 

However, piratical and other illicit trading were no 
strangers on the East End, any more than they were in 
New York in those days, particularly under the rule of 
Gov. Fletcher who afforded the pirates and smugglers 
comfortable protection, and many a farm house sheltered 
goods and coin which had been warehoused under the 
black flag at the rendezvous at Madagascar instead of 
London dock or the bankers. Perhaps we shall not be 
far wrong if, in reading the bequest in a will of that day 
of "four pieces of Arabian gold to buy Bibles" we 
strongly suspect the antemortem workings of conscience. 
The trade and prosperity of the entire Province of New 
York, as well as some of the other colonies, had become 
bound up to an extraordinary degree with piracy by the 
sale of supplies and marketing of the plunder, when Gov. 
Bellomont apparently made a genuine effort to suppress 
it. Gardiner's Bay and the various little harbors on the 
East End afforded, like the coasts of Rhode Island and 
the Carolinas, convenient and quiet anchorage for these 
gentry, and Bellomont wrote in 1699 that Long Island 
had ''become a great Receptacle for Pirates." After 
stating that the notorious Gillam* had been allowed to 
escape thence, and speaking of Kidd, a part of whose 
treasure was buried on Gardiner's Island, he had the fol- 
lowing unkind remarks to make about our part of the 
country. "I take that Island especially the East End of it 
to exceed Rhode Island. The people there have many 
of them been pirates themselves, and to be sure are well 
affected to the trade; But besides that they are lawlesse 
and desperate a people that I can get no honest man that 
will venture to goe and collect the Excise among them. 



* N. Y. Coun. Minutes, Jan. 27, 1701. "23, paid to Abraham 
Gouvernour for his expenses in searching after the money dis- 
covered bv James Gillam the Pyrate lately executed m England, be- 
fore his death to be hid by him in the East End of Nassau [LongJ 
Island." 



:2 

o 

CO 




HISTORY OF THE TOWN Oh SOUTHAMPTON 131 

and watch their Trade," and he then proposes "next 
spring" to quarter a hundred men there for that pur- 
pose.* 

The excise of the Island was estimated to be worth, 
if duly collected, £ 12000 per annum, yet was let for one- 
twelfth of that sum. "I offered," wrote Bellomont 
again, t "one of the Lieutenants of the Companies £100 
a year New York money and buy him a couple of horses 
for him and a man to attend him, and I intended him to 
be riding Surveyor of Nassau Island, not only to let and 
collect the Excise of the whole Island, but also to inspect 
and watch the harbours and creeks that no goods or mer- 
chandizes should be run in, with a promise of a third of 
all such goods as he should seize ; but he, tho' accounted 
d brisk man and ready to starve for want of his pay and 
subsistance told me in plain terms he thought it too haz- 
ardous an undertaking for him. and refused to meddle." 

The same year, Clarke landed from Kidd's sloop, ear- 
ned £5000 to Connecticut and wrote the Lieut. Gov- 
ernor at New York " a very sawcy letter and bade us 
defiance."! The following year, Mays and another 
pirate were reported hovering off the East End with 
£500,000 between them and making tentative ofTers of 
£ 100,000 to be allowed to land. || And so the story con- 
tinues with many men of lesser note and smaller plun- 
der. 

It was, throughout the colonies, the period of low- 
est ebb in the thought and morals of the people and it 
was not merely privateering and piracy, commerce and / 
smuggling which shaded into one another. The moral 
sense of the times was blurred in many ways, and often 
It is peculiarly hard to disentangle the reputations of the 
period and determine whether some of the prominent 
men who cross the page of history were Hvdes or 
Jekylls. 

A rather odd and interesting case of this sort may be 
found in Southampton in the person of John Wick, Esq., 

* Col. Docts., Vol. IV, p. 591. 
t Col. Docts., Vol. IV, p. 517 
t Col. Docts., Vol. IV. p. 595. 
II Col. Docts , Vol. IV, p. 711. 



132 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

who was a devil or an upright and distinguished citizen 
as one follows persistent legend or formal record. 

Let us take up the record first and see how his life 
and character would be interpreted from that had tra- 
dition remained silent. He came, I think, from Oyster 
Bay, where there were at one time two men of that 
name,t and the first appears in the Southampton Records on 
June"30, 1691 when he sold a house in that village which 
he owned jointly with John Howell, Peregrine Stan- 
borough, Henry Pierson and Samuel Cooper,* and two 
years later he was granted by the Town mill rights 
on the Peconic river. If In 1696 he is referred to as "John 
Wick, gentleman." In 1700, in the excellent company 
of John Cook, Daniel Sayre, Jr., and Mr. Joseph Ford- 
ham, we find him making a protest against a certain in- 
dividual land grant, while in 171 1, a committee being ap- 
pointed by the Town (by majority vote as usual ) to en- 
quire into the important question of titles to the com- 
mon land, the men named were Capt. Thomas Stephens, 
Capt. Theophilus Howell, Mr. John Wick, John Cook 
and James Cooper.J He is again in the best of company 
and appointed by popular vote to a position of responsi- 
bility, as he was once more in 1712 when he was elected 
one of the Town Trustees. Earlier, in 1694, two lists 
vv^ere made up, one of those who had paid their rates for 
the minister's stipend, and another showing the delin- 
quents, and although many excellent names appear in 
the latter, Wick is entered as having paid his church 
dues promptly. In 1706-7, James Emott of New York, 
a prominent lawyer of that city who married Gov. Car 
teret's step-daughter || and was counsel for Gov. Fletcher, § 
gave to him power of attorney to collect money, ^ 
and in the same year Col. Abraham De Peyster did the 

t Oyster Bay Records, Vol. I, p. 35. 

* T. R.. Vol. V, p. 279. 

I T. R., Vol. II, p. 128. 
X T. R., Vol. II, p. 147. 

II Hatfield's Elizabeth, d. 257. 

§ Col. Docts , Vol. XIV, p. 387. 
a T. R., Vol. VI, p. 31. 



HISTORY OF TtlE TOWN OF SOITHAMFTON 133 

same, calling him "his loving friend, John Wick."t He 
was also a Magistrate from 1702 until his death, and 
Sheriff of Suffolk County 1699-1700.J 

Meanwhile he had moved to Bridgehampton, prob- 
ably between 1695 and 1700, where he lived and kept a 
tavern, as many another good man has, in what is now known 
as the Briggs house (on the northwest of the four village 
corners), and which is said to have been built in 1685 
though added to since at various times. The village was 
then, and is even yet, known by the name of Bull Head, 
and the inn was called for many years the Bull's Head 
Tavern, its sign probably giving the name to the local- 
ity. || He also owned land on the hills near Mr. W. D. 
Halsey's, where he had a mill which has given its name 
to Wind Mill Hill.§ 

In his last will and testament he states that "my will 
is that my son John be brought up to learning at col- 
lege, and for that end I give him to be sold by my exe- 
cutors in trust'' certain described real estate. His other 
children then receive various bequests and the docu- 
ment continues, "all my movable property is to be 
sold at public auction to the highest bidder within a 
year and a day, and the money to be put out at interest 
for six in the hundred rather than lye dead, for the sup- 
port of my children until the youngest shall be 14 and 
be bound out to some trade. To my wife Temperance 
[delightful name for an inn keeper's wife!] I leave the 
use of the east end of my house and one-half of my cellar 
and one-half of my well and one-third of my real estate." 
His executors were Mathias Burnett. Thomas Cooper 
?nd Alexander Wilmot. It was witnessed by Theo- 
philus Howell. Samuel Gelston and Nathan Sayre, all 
good men and true, and one specially mentioned as his 

t T. R., Vol. VI, p. 30. 

t There are two letters from Wick to the Governor in N. Y. 
Col. Mss.. 55:9 and 55:125. 

II Opposite the tavern in his day was the Triangular Common, "a 
tract extending from Mr. McCaslin's place to Mr. Chester's store on 
the east and from there to the graveyard on the north, then along 
the east side of the graveyard to the Presbyterian Churchyard." 

§ Operated as early as, and probably long before, 1712. T. R., 
Vol. II, p. 163 and VI, p. 267. 



134 HISTORY OF THE TOlfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

friend. As he died a month later, he was evidently in 
good company right up to the end.* 

In all the records there is but one transaction of any 
sort in which his name appears which may be considered 
as even questionable by the standards of two centuries 
later, and that was a little matter of piracy. In Gov. 
Fletcher's time, which was indeed the golden age for 
gentlemen of that profession in these waters, a certain 
Josiah Raynor went "out a privateering (that is pirat- 
ing) with Capt. Tew" and when he came home, for even 
pirates have homes, the Sheriff of Suffolk County seized 
his chest which "contained in it a considerable treasure." 
Raynor applied for help to his "friend Wick," and Wick 
to his friend Emott who introduced him to Gov. 
Fletcher, to whom Wick offered £50 to let Raynor go 
and to restore him his chest, which the Governor ac- 
cepted, as was his wont, and there the matter would 
have ended except for the later charges brought against 
Fletcher in which this Raynor case figured somewhat 
prominently, as well as Wick's frank deposition in re- 
gard to the whole affair.j 

The above are the recorded facts, and they indicate, 
if the recorded facts of history indicate anything, which 
is open to all of us sometimes to doubt, that here we 
have to do with a man highly esteemed and trusted in 
the community in which he lived, one of the highest 
officials of his Town and County, the companion of the 
soundest men in the home society in which he moved, 
trusted in New York business circles, the loved friend of 
Col. De Peyster, a considerable property owner, and a 
thoughtful parent, providing for the one of his children 
he evidently thought would most profit by it, a college 
education, a thing so rare in those days as to appear m 

* He was buried in the rear of his own home lot about 30-40 rods 
north of Main St. and the same distance west of Lumber Lane. 
The stone was moved some years ago to the cemetery m Southamp- 
ton by Lemuel Wick, last of the name in the town. The inscription 
is as follows: "Here was layed the Body of Mr. John Wick, Esq., 
Who Dyed January the 16th, anno., 1719 in the 59th year of his 
age." 

t Col. Docts., Vol. IV, pp. 337, 387, 459. 



HiyrORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 135 

deeds and on tombstones.* Moreover, his children after 
him continued respectable citizens and above the aver- 
age. John got the education provided for him and 
graduated from Yale in 1722.! 

Having thus studied Mr. Wick as he appears in his- 
tory, let us turn to the traditional aspect of the same 
man. The first tale which 1 heard of him was in his 
capacity as an inn keeper, and was to the effect that 
peddlars journeying through the village used to put up 
at the old Bull's Head, and like those who sought his 
prototype the Minotaur of old, would enter but not re- 
turn, — in plain English, that more than one of them was 
murdered by Wick for money. Another story of the 
same cheerful type is that near his windmill, already al- 
luded to, he had a well dug in a spot still marked by a 
pile of pebbles, and employed in the work a very old 
negro slave who dug deeper and deeper but found no sign of 
water. Provoked by the lack of success and desirous of rid- 
ding himself of a superannuated slave, he himself shovelled 
the dirt back while the old man was in the hole and 
buried him alive. Of an even more imaginative sort 
are the stories which state that he possessed magic 
powers and supernatural gifts, or that when his grave 
was being filled ants dug out the earth as rapidly as it 
was put in, or, again, that some men of the village, fish- 
ing oft' the coast at the moment of his death, saw the 
devil carrying his black soul through the air seaward. 

In regard to his burial having been on his own land 
instead of in a cemetery, I have heard that a grave was 
dug for him in the "old cemetery," but kept caving m, 
which was construed as an omen, and also that the auth- 
orities considered him so wicked that they would not 
allow him to be buried in any of the Burying Grounds. 
Why he was buried on his own land, I cannot, of course, 

* In 1734 Elias Petty, of Bridgehampton, sold to Silas White 
"one-half of my 20 acres, which I bought of Walter Wilmot, student 
of Yale College." T. R., Vol. VI. x>. 80. In same year, Walter 
Wilmot, "member of Yale College," deeds property. Ibid. In bagg 
Burying Ground is a stone which reads, "Here lies ye Body ot Mr. 
Henry White, Student of Yale College, who died May 4th, 1748, in 
his 23rd year." 

t Vide, Adams, Memorials, p. 96. 



136 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

say but it was a common enough custom where there 
was no burying ground in the vicinity, as any number 
of single graves or small groups testify, and at the time 
he died probably neither the Hay Ground, Poxabogue 
nor "Old" Cemeteries had been opened for there are no 
stones in any of these for a number of years subsequent 
to his death.* 

While the supernatural tales are no longer seriously 
credited, of course, the belief that the man was wicked 
through and through and the perpetrator of horrid 
crimes is deeply rooted in the community, although not 
two centuries have elapsed since his death. If he was all 
that his record indicates, how is it possible that this mass 
of false legend and fable should have gathered around 
his name in a place where he was so well known and 
where, for long years after his death, reducing to a com- 
paratively short time the period for the growth of 
legend, his career and reputation must have been so well 
remembered by his friends and neighbors in so small a 
community? Yet the historic record stands and the 
case of John Wick, Gentleman, Sheriff of Suffolk County 
is one of the most curious and instructive matters in the 
history of our Town. 

As has been said above, the latter part of the 17th 
and the early years of the i8th centuries mark a period 
of depression in the moral and intellectual life of New 
England. Down to 1640 practically the entire adult pop- 
ulation of the colonies had lived in Europe, mainly in 
England, and while all types, good and bacl, were repre- 
sented among them, there was not only the powerful 
leaven of those who had emigrated from religious con- 
viction, but all had come under the refining influences, 
such as they were in their day, of the settled order of life 
in the older country. As we have noted in an earlier 
chapter, the proportion of educated men here was strik- 
ingly great among all classes, while, in New England 
generally, of the early clergymen seventy-seven had be- 
gun their ministry in England and were University 

* So common was the custom of burying on private land and by 
private funeral as well that the Colonial Legislature passed laws 
forbidding it in 1664 and 1684, though they were not enforced. 



HISTORY OF THE TOirs Oh SOU 77/ A MPTON 137 

men.* To some, although to a less, extent these influ- 
ences were still felt by the children of the f^rst settlers 
but with the stream of immigration from England dried 
up, with scant facilities for education except of the most 
rudimentary sort, with the earlier generation who had 
known other conditions of life, dead and gone, subject 
only to the influences of their primitive and even savaoe 
environment, reacting also from the excess of religions 
zeal and Puritanical observance, the social and religious 
life of the people declined rapidly. Gov. Bellomont's de- 
scription of conditions on the East End may not be over- 
drawn, judging by what we know of them in New York 
and New England generally at that period. 

Not only had morals become lax and principles of 
conduct lowered, so that, for example, piracy and mur- 
der were accounted almost as legitimate 'trading by 
prominent New York merchants and at least one Gov- 
ernor, as well as the humbler folk of Long Island, but 
the church itself had greatly declined in learning and in 
zeal. A new church building was indeed erected in 
Southampton village in i/O/.f and the routine life of the 
church was maintained but its power and influence had 

* Walker, Aspects of Relig. Life, p. 49. 

t Cor. Main St. and Meeting House Lane, used until 1844 when 
l/rTif^?.^,^^.,*^^ Methodists, and the present church built. The 
Methodists built a new one in 1884 and the old one then became the 

village Hall, tiow Fordham's stationery shop. The ministers in 
bouthampton in the 18th Century were: Joseph Whiting, called at 
a Town Meeting June 27, 1682, and settled a short time after; 
agreement dated Feb. 7, 1636-7; continued till death Anl. 7, 1723! 
born Apl 6 1641; Grad. Harvard 1661. Samuel Gelston, ordained 
and mstalled Co-Pastor Apl. 17, 1717; removed to New Castle, Del., 
and received into Presbytery there Aug. 27, 1728. Silvanus White, 
ordained and installed Nov. 17, 1727; died Oct. 22, 1782. Osias Eels 
stated supply for unknown period. James Eels, ditto. Joshua Wil- 

T^V '^'"i^!,"^'^ ^^y 2^' 1'^^^' resigned Apl. 23, 1789. Mr. Strong 
and Mr. Mills, stated supplies for unknown neriods. Herman Dag- 
gett, ordained and installed Anl. 12, 1792, resigned June 8, 1795. 
David b. Bogart, received and accented call autumn 1795, but pre- 
vious to ordination and installation removed to Albany Jan 1797- 
returned to Southampton in a few months and was ordained and in- 
stalled May 31, 1798; resigned and dismissed Nov. 6, 1806 to a 
ic^nr?" church at Bloomingdale; recalled to Southampton spring of 
A 1 15" 1813"^*^*'''' "^""^ ^^' ^^^'^' ^^^'^"^d ^"d finally removed 

The second parsonage was. built in 1736. 



138 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

waned. They were, as already stated, "town churches" 
and the payment of rates and upkeep of the establish- 
ment was obligatory upon all, however dissatisfied they 
might be with the doctrine or person of the minister. 

As the new century advanced, however, signs were 
not wanting of what later came to be called "the Great 
Awakening." Revivals occurred in various places in 
the 30's as well as earlier, and the great one of 1740 
spread its influence here. The people of Bridgehampton 
had built a new church in 1737,* and tradition states 
that the first evening meeting was held in 1741 when the 
Rev. Gilbert Tennant, one of the revivalists preached 
here, as did also on one occasion, Whitefield himself. He 
was followed by the Rev. James Davenport who had 
come under the influence of the wild enthusiast Ferris 
and was, like him, accustomed to provoke his hearers 
to hysterical outbursts. As a result of this outside 
preaching a "Separate," or "New Light" church was 
formed in Bridgehampton, and many joined in the move- 
ment of secession which was at that time in progress 
throughout New England, though this seems to have 
been the only example of the movement in this Town. 
A church was built on the southwest corner of the main 
country road and New Light Lane, % the Rev. Elisha 
Painef becoming pastor in 1752 and remaining until his 

* North side of Sagg Rd., about 30 rods east of Ocean Rd. For 
a full description of the building see Hedges' Bi-Centennial Address. 
Quoted in Memorials, pp. 195 et seq. The ministers of the Bridge- 
hampton Church during the 18th Century were: Ebenezer White, 
already mentioned, until he resigned June 15, 1748; James Brown, 
born about 1721, died Apl. 22, 1788, grad. Yale 1747; ordained here 
June 15, 1748, resigned Mar. 27, 1775; Aaron Woolworth, ordained 
Aug. 30, 1787. There was no regular minister during the Revolu- 
tion, the work being largely carried on by Deacon David Hedges. 
Mr. Woolworth was born Long Meadow, Mass., Oct. 25, 1763, grad. 
Yale 1784, received honorary degree D. D. at Princeton 1809, died 
Apl. 4. 1821; married Mary, dau. of Rev. Samuel Buell. It was at 
his house that was organized, July 6, 1815, "The Religious Female 
Cent Society." still in existence and now known as the "Women's 
Missionary Society." He lived in what is still called the "Wool- 
worth house," where Rev. Mr. Brown lived before him and which is 
pre-Revolutionary in age and perhaps much older. Vide, Memorials, 
pp. 220 et seq for deeds. 

t Said to be the same building now remodelled and used as a sum- 
mer home bv Mrs. Clarence Peck on Ocean Road. 

t Born at Eastham, Mass., 1693, moved to Canterbury, Conn., and 




bo 



m 



ffi 



tf 



HISTORY OF THE TOHS OF SOLTHAMFTOS 139 

death in 1775, the church continuing in existence as a 
separate body until about 1800. Perhaps the most abid- 
ing result of the movement, here and elsewhere, was the 
impetus it gave to the formation of sej:)arate churches, a 
movement which finally ended in the separation of 
church and state, the abolishing of compulsory rates, 
and the consequent founding of many churches of other 
denominations in the following century. 

In connection with this period, one incident may be 
mentioned for the interest of the general episode of 
which it was a very small part. In 1755 occurred the ex- 
pulsion of the French Acadians. Longfellow's tale of 
which in his Evangeline, is known to every school boy. 
The exiled French were scattered throughout the col- 
onies, a few being placed in each Town, in most cases 
being received with little cordiality as there was much 
likelihood of their becoming town charges. According 
to the Governor's designation one Alexander Etbert. 
wife and live children were assigned to Southampton.* 
but this was apparently altered and a Margaret and 
Mary Le Bar came instead. At that time the hill just 
south of the Southampton Club was Proprietor's land, 
and on it was built a little one-room house for the exiles. 
They were of the better class, and Mary married a Row- 
ley and became the grandmother of Capt. Barney R. 
Green. Margaret long lived in her little cottage on the 
bill, and it is from this lonely Acadian exile that the 
name ^Margaret's Hill was derived. 

became one of the leading lawyers of that state, but grew deeply in- 
terested in religion, began preaching and suffered imprisonment 
for doing so without being "a settled and ordained minister." For 
the details of his life, see Backus, Hist, of N. E. (Baptists), 1777, 
Vol. I, Chap. VII. 

* Council Min. Mss., 25:120. 



CHAPTER VII. 

EARLY COMMERCE AND THE FOUNDING OF SAG HARBOR 

We have already seen in an earlier chapter, that the 
first port of the Town was North Sea, founded partly to 
serve that purpose by John Ogden in 1650, and that not 
many years later both Wm. Barker and Joseph Fordham 
had warehouses there for the storing of goods. As the set- 
lements of Sagg and Mecox grew, it was found more 
convenient for the people in those neighborhoods to use 
the landing at North-West, and Edward Howell, who 
was a merchant living in Poxabogue by I7i2,.cut a road 
through the woods to that harbor, still known as "Mar- 
chant's Path", a wharf having been established there by 
East Hampton in 1700* and a store house erected be- 
fore 1702. t The harbor, however, was used considerably 
earlier, for in 1693 the bell in Southampton being found 
"nott only cracked butt too little" was sent to London to 
be exchanged by "the good Shipe friends Adventure" by 
way of East Hampton.! 

Commerce at the time of the first settlement was car- 
ried on in small boats of ten or twenty tons, and prob- 
ably only for the purpose of procuring necessities from 
other settlements on the New England coast, but in spite 
of the fact that for a long time the vessels, "pinks", § 

* E. H. T. R. Vol. II, p. 476. 

t E. H. T. R. Vol. Ill, p. 28. 

t T. R. Vol. Ill, pp.400-404. 

8 The Pink was originally a very small vessel, apparently being 
flat bottomed, with bulging sides. In the 17th and 18th centuries 
the term was applied to larger vessels, especially war ships. The 



HISTORY UF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMFTON 141 

''snows,"t brigs and so forth, of the day remained but 
tiny craft according to modern notions, they soon spread 
their sails over wider seas, and the people at the East 
End took their share in the West Indian trade, which 
then constituted the bulk of American commerce, so 
that by 1678 Gov. Andross wrote that "our principall 
places of trade are New York and Southton [Southamp- 
ton] except Albany for the Indyans".$ The invention 
of that most useful type of vessel the schooner, 
m 1713,11 marked a great advance, but the tonnage stili 
remained very small. The amount which could be stored 
in these little craft in the way of cargo, however, was 
surprisingly great and the following document in that 
respect is worth preserving : 

"East End of Long Island. 
"Know ye that Elisha Jones, Master or commander 
of the sloop Hampton, Burthen Thirty Tons or there- 
abouts, mounted with six swivell Guns, navigated with 
seven men, Plantation Built as pr. Register, Boimd for 
Jamaica Having on Board, Seventy Barrels of Beef, 
Thirty Barrels of Pork, five Barrels of Tallow, two hun- 
dred bushels of Indian Corn, seven thousand staves, 
Twenty thousand shingles, fifteen hundred hoops, twen- 
ty-eight anchor stocks, five hundred bunches of onions, 
twelve horses, and seventy sheep hath entered and 
cleared in h-is Majesty's Custom House at the East End 
of Long Island, in the New York District, according to 
I,aw given under my hand and seal of office, 8th day of 
December in the 21st year of the Reign of our Sovereign 
Lord George the Second King of Great Britain &c. 
Anno Dom. 1747. 

B. SYLVESTER 
D. Coll, Surveyor & Searchr." 
The above gives a fair idea of the character of the ex- 
common characteristic of the type seems to have been a very high 
and pinched-in stern. 

t The Snow was equipped with two masts resembling the main- 
mast and foremast of a ship and a third smaller one close to and 
just abaft of, the mainmast. In rig it somewhat resembled a brig. 

t N. Y. Col. Docts. Vol. Ill, p. 261. 
_ II The first schooner is said to have been built by Abraham Rob- 
mson at Gloucester, Mass., in that year. Weeden, Vol. II, p. 573. 



142 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ports at that date and earlier. Just how early the trade 
began, we cannot tell, but by 1684 we find James Loper, 
one of the enterprising spirits of East Hampton, trading 
through the West Indies, as reported by Daniel Johnson 
"a barmodian" X On the return voyages were brought 
molasses and rum from Surinam, these two staples and 
sugar from Barbadoes, Antigua and Jamaica, and cocoa 
from Curacoa, as well as Spanish gold coin and occas- 
ional cargoes of logwood. f One of the exported articles 
mentioned above in the cargo of the little Hampton was 
horses, and these undoubtedly formed for long one of 
the staple exports from the East End, where they were 
raised by the Coopers and others, the unusual mortality 
among them in the Barbadoes and elsewhere in the West 
Indies necessitating constant replenishing of the stock.* 
While the little ships from North Sea, North West, 
and "the harbor of Sagg" were thus making long voy- 
ages to the Indies, they also kept up a constant trading 
with the ports of the New England colonies, carrying- 
whale oil to Boston and other products all along the 
coast. Trade with New York, however, was still slight 
and although the Towns had been politically annexed to 
that province in 1664, Lord Cornbury complained to the 
Lords of Trade in 1703 that "indeed the people of the 
East End of Long Island are not very willing to be per- 
suaded to believe that they belong to this province. They 
are full of New England principles. They chose 
rather to trade with the people of Boston, Connecticut 
snd Rhode Island, than with the people of New Yorke. 

X Vide letter, E. H. T. R. Vol. II, p. 151. 

t Col. Docts. Vol. V, p. 686. 

* This was the cause of a government inquiry as late as 1842 
in Barbadoes. "The extraordinary and almost incredible number 
of horses annually imported into this island well deserves the con- 
sideration of the Legislature, with a view to the adoption of such 
measures as may be likely to check the heavy loss occasioned by the 
great mortality which takes place among them. From the 9th of 
April, 1833, to the 30th of June, 1842, the number of horses im- 
ported amounted to 8318, giving a yearly average of 924." The 
mortality was estimated in the report as 25% requiring the entire 
island stock to be replenished every 4 years. Schomburgk Hist, of 
Barbadoes, p. 168. Dr. Sloane stated that the New England horses 
v/ere imported into Jamaica and lost their hair on arrival. Voyage 
to the Islands Medera, &c. 1707, Vol. I, p. LXXXIV. 




c<3 



PQ^5 



o 



iUSTORY Of TtlE TOHN Of SO[ THAMFTON 143 

1 hope in a short time 1 shall bring" them to a better tem- 
per, but in the meantime the Trade of the City suffers 
■ very much.*" 

Lord Cornbury's complaint was caused only partly, 
however, by the loss of legitimate trade. The West India 
products accounted for much the largest part of the cus- 
toms received at the custom house in New Yorkf and 
there were frequent complaints that these duties were 
evaded by landing the goods at the East End, either by 
pirates or mere smugglers. The Governor's discovery 
of doings on the East End had been anticipated by Lord 
Bellomont, who wrote in 1700 that "there is a town 
called Stamford in Connecticut Colony on the border 
of this Province, where one Major Selleck lives who has 
a warehouse close to the Sound or Sea, that runs be- 
tween the mainland and Nassau Island. That man does 
us great mischief with his warehouse, for he receives 
abundance of goods from our vessels, and the merchants 
afterwards take their opportunity of running them into 
this town. Major Selleck receiv'd at least £ loooo 
worth of treasure and East India goods brought by one 
Clarke of this town from Kidd 's sloop and lodg'd with 
Selleck".! This was the Clarke whom we met in the last 
chapter, landing from Kidd's vessel at the East End and 
sending the Earl a "very sawcy letter" in reference to 

* Col. Docts. Vol. IV, p. 1058. 

t "This [1669] has been the worst year that ever was known in 
New York for the Revenue by reason of the great scarcity of Sugar, 
Rum and Mollasses at Barbadoes, and the other Islands and of 
Wines at the Madeira's; for from those Articles the customs of 
New York do chiefly arise". Earl of Bellomont. Col. Docts. Vol. 
IV, p. 600. 

The following figures of tonnage cleared at the port of New York 
from June 24, 1715 to June 24, 1718 show clearly the importance 
of the West Indian and non-English trade. 

To Great Britain 4382 tons. 

" Brit. Plantations on the continent 4234 

" Newfoundland 395 4629 " 

" British Islands (West Indies, &c.) 8776 

" Madeira, Africa, &c. 1395 

" Foreign Plantations 2595 

" Europe 615 13381 " 



Total 22392 

Col Docts. Vol. V. p. 618. 
Col. Docts. Vol. IV, p. 783. 



144 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

his doings, so that Major Selleck's warehouse was evi- 
dently one of the underground passages between the 
East End and the New York markets. It must be re- 
membered that while there was a custom house at New 
York, Connecticut at that time had free trade, and as 
Lord Cornbury sagely observes "Connecticut is oppo- 
site to two thirds of Long Island", adding that "there 
has been for some time no trade between the City of 
New Yorke and the East End of Long Island".! 

The question of collecting the revenue from Long Is- 
land was a thorny one and, as we have seen, remained so 
down to the Revolution. The matter of Long Island 
ports of entry has not, so far as I know, been treated of 
elsewhere, the statement usually being made that the 
first custom house to be established was that at Sag 
Harbor in 1788.* While the latter statement is not true, 
the matter is involved in considerable obscurity and I 
therefore give the result of my researches. 

In 1665, Gov. NichoUs having been "informed that 
there hath beene formerly great Abuses at Oyster Bay, 
Huntington and other places on Long Island in Land- 
ing of Tobacco, and giving in security for the paying of 
His Maties Dutyes" &c. appointed John LInderhill to be 
"Surveyor of Long Island" and to observe and act on all 
breaches of the revenue laws. § In 1668 Thomas Chat- 
field was appointed Collector of Customs at the "Towne 
or Port of East Hampton" making return to "the Chief 
Customer at New Yorke", | and in June 1670 John Lay- 
ton (Laughton) was appointed a "Sub-collector of 



t Col. Docts. Vol. IV, p. 1058. 

* New York and Sag Harbor were designated Ports of Entry the 
same day, the first vessel registering here being the Brig Lucy, 
Sept. 8, 1788. The custom house here was abolished July 1, 1913. 
The Collectors had been 1778-90, John Gelston; 1790-1822, Henry 
P. Bering; 1822-30, H. T. Dering; 1830-42, John P. Osborn; 1842-45, 
Henry T. Dering; 1845-6, Abel Huntington; 1846-9, H. T. Dering; 
1849-52, Edwin Rose; 1852-57, Sam'l L. Gardiner; 1857-61, Jason 
M. Terbell; 1861-65, John Sherry; 1865-80, Wickham S. Havens; 
1880-85, Wm. Lowen; 1885-90, Clothier H. Vaughn; 1890-92, John 
Sherry, Jr.; 1892-96, Cornelius R. Sleight; 1896-1909, Peter Dippel; 
1909-1912, B. Frank Harris; 1912-13, Frank W. Corwin, Deputy. 

§ Col. Docts. Vol. XIV, p. 566. 
J Col. Docts. Vol. XIV, p. 608. 




Methodist Church, Sag iiarljor 



V 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTH AM HTON 145 

Southampton & ye places there adjacent"* which would 
seem to be the date of the establishment of the first cus- 
tom house in the Town. The next reference I have 
found is in the Southold Town Recordsf at a Town 
Meeting of May 6, 167 1, when five men were appointed 
"to act with Southampton and Easthamton men to 
desier Master willson to gett of the Costom and obtaine 
shuch other priveliges as hee can get for us: — And 
these men according to the Townes mind have don it". If 
Apparently the custom house was still at Southampton 
for on Nov. 19, 1672, John Jennings was appointed "cus- 
tomer" there with John Laughton.J In 1674, in the in- 
structions to Mr. Dyer, Collector at New York, there is 
mention of the "Custmrs of ye other ports of my said 
Colony", II and on Mar. 5, 1675 the following appears in 
the Council Minutes (text mutilated) " . . . . shipps or 
vessells trading in this G shall at their first com- 
ing-in, enter goods, & pay their dutys at New 

Y where else & at their departure clea. ... at ye 

sd. port. Except for ye present Towns of South- 
ton & Southold where have liberty to enter, & 

cleare untill f order". § We have already seen 

that Andross (Apl. 16, 1678) spoke of New York and 
Southampton as the principal places of trade in the col- 
ony, which would seem to indicate that the latter 
place ,was also a port of entry, but only four 

* Col. Docts. Vol. XIV, p. 637. 

t Southold T. R., Vol. I, p. 339. 

t In the orders of the Court of Assizes at New York, Oct. 7, 
1671 Order No. 3 states that the duties are not properly collected 
except at New York and orders the duties to be paid to the proper 
officers by vessels entering or leaving "any of ve Ports upon Long 
Island, as well as ye East End thereof". State Historians Rept. 
Col. Ser. Vol. I, p. 174. 

X Council Min. Mss. 3 Pt. 1 p. 119. This was printed "vice John 
Laughton", but the Mss. reads "with". (Letter of Mr. Peter Nel- 
son, State Archivist.) Nov. 28. 1672 Gov, Lovelace wrote Capt. John 
Howell, Justice, "I understand there is a vessel designed for yor 
ports of a very considerable cargo; if his Maties officers of the 
Custome shall have occasion of yor assistance, I doubt not but you 
will afford it them". Col. Docts. Vol. XIV, p. 677. 

II Col. Docts. Vol. Ill, p. 222. 

§ Council Min. Mss. Vol. Ill Pt. 2, p. 27. Margins were burned 
in the Capitol fire. 



146 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTH AM FTON 

days later in the same year, we find the Council 
acting upon the petition of a Boston merchant, who had 
purchased a large quantity of whale oil at the East End 
for shipment from North Sea to England, praying that 
he might not have to undergo the hazard of taking it to 
Xew York first in order to clear from that port as re- 
quired. The petition was granted under certain condi- 
tions, but apparently the local custom house had then 
been given up..§ 

In 1684 Sir John Werden writing to Gov. Dongan, 
noted that '"some of the inhabitants in ye east end of 

Eong Island by reason of their distance from 

Xew Y. desire a port there" and that the Governor ap- 
proved, and in turn gave him permission to establish it, 
which was done. It was maintained for at least three 
years and a halft but in 1692 we find the inhabitants of 
Suftolk County again petitioning for a port,|| which was 
denied them, and again a port was asked for in 1694.* 
Apparently these requests were not granted, but in 1699, 
Samuel Sewall, of Boston, on a pleasure cruise to Long 
Island Sound reported that "they have a privilege of 
late that the East End of Long Island may clear at New 
London", t which arrangement also held in 1708 and 
seems to have done so until abolished in 1721.4 As may 
be seen in the clearance paper given earlier in the chap- 
ter, there was a custom house at the East End in 1747 

§ N. Y. Col. Mss. 27:66 and 35:43. 

1 Col. Docts. Vol. Ill, pp. 350 and 402. 

II "To his Exclly Benjamin Flecther Esq Cant genii and Governr. 
In Chiefe in & over the province of new york &c and there Majestys 
Honble Councell 

The Humble Peticon of the Inhabetants of the County of Suffolk 
Humbly Sheweth 

Whereas your Excllys peticonrs Lye under great Inconveniency 
bv Reason we are abridged the Liberty of a nort in this County 
that wee cannot make the benefit of what is Raised here for our 
comfortable subsistance and paying the Requisset Charges Layed 
UDon us are of absolute Necessity Constrained to Address your 
Exclly and Honrs that you would be nleased to Comiserate our 
Condition so as to grant us a nort In this County wee paving the 
Dutys thereof as by Law Required" &c. N. Y. Col. Mss. 38:176. 

* Council Min. Mss. 6:125. Council Min. Printed 1:52. March 15. 

t Sewall, Diary, Vol. II, p. 440. 

t Col. Docts. Vol. V, p. 59. Ibid p. 631. 




John Jermain House, Sag Harbor 




Old North Haven Toll Bridge 



HISTUR) OF THE TOWN Ot SOUTHAMPTON ]47 

?ik1 B. Sylvester was then "Deputy Collector and Search- 



er 



IMeanwhile, a new harbor had gradually come into 
use, destmed later to be the most important one on this 
end of the Island and to command a leading place in the 
American whaling- industry. This was, of course, Sa- 
ri arbor, so called because it was originallv the harbor 
for Sagg, as Northwest was for East Hampton and 
North Sea for Southampton. So far as has been found 
the hrst recorded mention of the new port is that in the 
accounts of the Town Trustees in 1707, wherein a 
charge is made "for going to Sag Harbor to evidence 
tor ye town 3s 6d". The topography of the place has 
changed enormously since its settlement, and the earlier 
conditions existing there may have delayed its use as a 
harbor. II The meadow originally extended across Main 

rM'^-^TTM?"^ T."P ^° ^^^ '^^^' ^^o"^ ^^'hich rose Turkey, or 
Llitt Hill. Between that and Meeting House Hill was a 
swamp which closed Main, and perhaps Madison Streets, 
and there was also a great swamp east of the Old Burv- 
mg Ground and the above hills, the water from which 
flowed down Burke Street to the harbor. Turkey Hill 
was cut down and dumped, to the depth of four or five 
feet upon the north and w^est side of Main Street • and 
Meeting House Hill onto ^lain, Madison. Washington 
Division and Hampton Streets, which, Judge Hedges 
says ^-ere before impassabl e.* The early roads were 

" OrLf^^'lf \''i?°^.-^Pfl^ see Hedges, Sag Harbor Address, pas"^. 

Originally the tide flowed over most of the meadow (called the 

Wentworth meadow) and this was at first considered the most valu- 

Iffi f ^Y Harbor on account of the fodder for horses and 

cattle produced on it. It was settled nearly a century before the 

w'AT^id ^f ?• ^^^t^^'^'H' '^'' "TheVeater po'^tlon of Ihe 
west side of Sag Harbor Main Street stands upon the edge of the 
Wentworth meadow. The buildings are mostlv upon 'made' 
ground. I saw a trench opened at the time the Julia King fountain 
^^as placed m Madison Square. At a depth of over three feet the 
laborers unearthed a wooden sidewalk and an old English colonial 
coin was also found. The foundations of the new Sag Harbor Sav- 

kI^I K "1 r ^^ ^° !'f P^^''^^ "P°" "^"^^"^^ A glance at many of the 
hrick buildmgs on the west side of Main Street, will show how they 
have settled and how the walls are cracked although I understand 
the foundations, at least the rear foundations, are all on piles The 
wedges House, a big brick building at one time owned and con- 
ducted as a sailors boarding house by a paternal grandfather of 



148 HISTORY OF THE TOf^'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

more circuitous than today, that from East Hampton 
coming through Pine Swamp, north of Northwest 
Creek, following the landing opposite Turkey Hill and 
running so close to the cliff that at high tide one wheel 
of a wagon would tilt on the bluff while the other would 
actually be in the water.* The road from Sagg "ran 
from the point where Sagg and Wainscott Roads inter- 
sect, north of Long Pond, came out north of the house of 
Samuel T. Hildreth, deceased, and south of Otter Pond, 
passed the old Jesse Halsey house and between the Cove 
and Otter Pond, and skirting the Cove and west edge of 
the Meadow, to the landing near the old Toll Gate of the 
North Haven Bridge, following some part of Glover and 
West Water Streets". f The Bridgehampton road fol- 
lowed generally the present Brick Kilns road.J 

The purchase of Hog Neck had been confirmed by the 
Shelter Island Indians in 1665II and in 1680 land there 
and in the meadows had been allotted by the Town,§ 
while there are frequent sales of land there from that 
date on. As noted above, the place had already become 
known as Sag Harbor by 1707, and it makes its first ap- 
pearance in the Town Records in 1710,* when it is called 
Sagaponack Harbor. The next year it appears for the 
first, and so far as I know the only, time as "Bridge 
Hampton Harbor,^ while in 1712 there is recorded tjie 

mine was, previous to the introduction of city water in Sag Har- 
bor, served by a bucket well, 40 feet deep. In times of easterly 
gales driving in high tides this well would salt so we sank a drive 
pipe from 40 to 90 feet; we got nothing but salt water. . . At times 
of high tides the cellars of buildings upon both sides of Main Street 
flood. At one time I remember that school in the old Union school 
house (Mansion house building) had to be dismissed because the 
rising tide in the cellar put out the furnace. I have seen our compos- 
itors obliged to come from Meadow Street to the Corrector office by 
boat to enter a rear door, and pigs, chickens and, in one instance, 
horses have been drowned". 

* This was early changed so as to leave out the Creek, com'ng 
out at the east end of Eastville. It was later cut through the 
slough. 

t Hedges Address. 

i It struck over in front of S. T. Hildreth's house at Ligonee 
Brook. 

II T. R. Vol. II. p. 356. 

§ T. R. Vol. II. p. 88 et seq. 

a T. R. Vol. VI. p. 47. 

»• T. R. Vol. VI, p. 50. 



cd 



on? 



O 
< 




'HJSTURi UF THE TOHN Uh SOUTHAMFTUN 149 

-sale of Stony Island lying "between Hog Neck and Sao- 
IHarbor".* 

Tradition has always placed its real settlement as 
about 1730, but 1 believe there were undoubtedly houses 
there before that date. Samuel Russel was \he first 
recorded settler and his house is supposed to have been 
on the west side of Main St', near the north end,t but 
either he or some other man named Russell was living on 
Hog Neck with his family as early ^s 1704.:!: References 
to Sag Harbor at this very early period may be found 
not only in the Records but elsewhere. There was con- 
stant intercourse at that time between the East End and 
New London, where there lived a man named Joshua 
Hempstead, who among other things dealt in rum, and 
used to come over here to sell it, and who kept a most re- 
markably minute diary, which begins in 171 1. The pub- 

* T. R. Vol. VI, p. 106. The first preserved Bill of Lading reads as 
follows : 

"Shipped by the Grace of God, in good order and well conditioned 
by b rancis Pelletreau, in and upon the good sloop called the Port- 
land Adventure, whereof is Master under God for this present voy- 
age Richard Hartshorne, and now riding at anchor in the harbor of 
bagg, and by God's Grace bound for New York, to say: Five barrells 
of Beef and nine barrells of Pork, two Furkings of Butter, two ditto 
Cranberry and one ditto of Fggs, for the proi^er AccomiDt and 
Kisque of Francis Pelletreau and goes consigned to himself e Being 
marked and numbered as in the Margent, and are to be delivered 
^'i ^T -.r ?^°^ °^^^^ ^"^ ^^'^ conditioned at the aforesaid port 
ot JNew York (the dangers of the seas except), unto Francis Pelle- 
treau or to his assigns. He or they paying Freight for the said 
goods sixteen pence per barrell, and four pence half penny per 
■Furkmg, with primage and average account added. In witness 
thereof the Master and Purser of the said sloop hath a^irmed two 
bins ot Lading all of this Tener and Date, One of which two B'll^ 
being accomplished the other is to stand Vo"d. And so God send 
the good Sloop to her desired Port in safety, Amen. 

Dated in Southamnton ye 26th of November, 1731. 
Rich'd Hartshorne. 
Beef F. P. B. 
Porke F. P. P. 
Cranberry F. P. C • 

Eggs F. P. E. 
Butter F. P. 1 to 2." 

t Hedges, Address p. 8. T. R. Vol. Ill, p. 71. 

t "Ordered that Cart. Theophilus Howell shall go to Hog nerk 
and warne Daniel Sayres tenant called Russell, who lives urton Hop- 
Neck, forthwith to depart with his fam^lv to ve place from whence 
he came from". T. R. Vol. V, p 166. This order was probably not 
carried into effect. 



150 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

lication of this diary has settled the vexed, if not very im- 
portant, question of where the rum then came from, and 
out of innumerable entries referring to East End men 
and places I note only the following: "June 15, 1714, I 
went to Sag & ye Harbour. I sold i bb Rum for 3s 6d 
gall qt. 3i>4 to Mr. White." "Mar. 8 171 7. I went with 
Willson to Sag harbour by sunset." "June 19 171 7. I 
Taryed at Easthampton & South and thereabouts Selling 
my Rum & till friday 28th ... .1 sold i bb to Theo- 
philus Pierson for 3s 6d p. gall. I Reed all the mony. I 
sold I hhd 107 gall to Daniel Sayre Juner for £i6-is-od 
in Silver mony to be paid by the Middle of September 
Next".* 

At whatever date actual settlement may have been 
made, it is certain that at first the community was ex- 
ceedingly small, Ephraim Fordham, who was born there 
in 1737, being able to recall when there was but one 
housef and Mrs. Ruth Sayre, an old resident, told that 
notoriously careful and accurate student of Sag Harbor 
history, Mr. Luther D. Cook, in 1858, that she could re- 
member when there were only three, occupied by John 
Foster, Daniel Fordham, and James Howell, $ and it has 
also been said that these were still the only houses in 
1740.11 In 1738, however, there was allotted a large sec- 
tion of the undivided land of the Town, a line being run 
from the East Hampton boundary to North Sea, and lots 

* "Sept. 9 1713. went to ye funeral in ye aftem & after itt was 
over to Mr. Latimores to eat Watermillions. Josiah Topping came 
to my house & Signed over an Indian to me as p. Indenture I to sell 
him for wt I can & to pay myself." This book is a mine of refer- 
ences to Long Island as well as New London people. Diary of 
Joshua Hempstead, New London County Hist. Soc. 1901. 

t "In Middletown, on Friday May 1st at the house of his son, Mr. 
Ephraim Fordham. in the 96th year of his age. He was born at 
Sag Harbor, L. I. Mar. 12, 1737 0. S. He has often said that he 
could remember when there was but one house at Sag Harbor T^air^- 
ing: and that firewood was the princinle article of export". (Death 
notice in newspaper clipping dated 1832 in Onderdonk Scrap Books, 
L. L Hist. Soc.) ^ , 

t From an article. Old Sag Harbor by L. D. Cook. On the tomb- 
stone of Npthan Fordham (Old Cemetery) it is noted that he died 
1805 in his 84th year, and that he was one of the first who began the 
settlement of Sag Harbor. John Foster was a delegate to the first 
provincial Congress in Npw York May 22d. 1775. 

II Testimony of Mrs. Miranda Beers. Hedges, Address p. 35. 




Old Schoolhouse, Sag Harbor 




Outpost Captured by Colonel Meigs in Revolution 



HISTORY Ot THE TOH'N Ot SOUTHAMPTON " ]5i 

laid out north and south, known as the "Great North" 
and "Great South" Divisions,* including part of Sao- Har- 
bor, where another division of land was again mtde in 
i745-t 

Apparently in 1756 a store house and tan yard were 
built, John Foster, Jr. leasing land from Nathan Ford- 
ham, Jr. for that purpose, the rental being "one pepper 
corn if It be lawfully demanded" and Foster having suf- 
ficient faith in the permanency of the undertaking or the 
lowness of the rental to make the lease for 999 years f 

The first landing is traditionally believed to have 
been at Zachery's Point,|| but in spite of much local anti- 
quarian research the date of the building of the first 
wharf remains unknown. In April 1761 Nathan Ford- 
ham, Jr. and James Foster obtained the privilege of 
building one, as well as a try house, from the Town of 
Southampton. The first whale ships had been out 
cruising the preceding year and it is probable that Ford- 
ham and Foster were anticipating the development of 
the industry.lf Judge Hedges thought that no substan- 
tial wharf had previously been in existence, but that 
following the grant, one was built just east of the old 
North Haven bridge. § In 1770, the Town of East Hamp- 
ton made a grant to forty men, thirty from Southamp- 
ton and nine JrornJEast Hampton, together with Ed- 
~yTrRryoj7ll7pr83r9FeT^;^7andl08^ ' 

«s fhp?T.S a' P- ^l<- -^^ ^l^^ occurred the next allotment known 

T i. K. Vol. Ill p 166. There is also, undated, another reference 
to a warehouse (Vol. V, p. 89), "Vooted that Richard Shaw shaU 
vrnii^^''?^ /w'lP \7^rehouse at Sag Harbor in sum place at 
>e discretion of Elisha Howell and Isaac Jessup where they shall 

than th^e^'other''''^"'''" ^ ^^'"'' *^'^ ""'^'''^ '' °^ ^" ^'"'"^^^^ ^^^^ 

II Named for Zachery Sanford, father-in-law of Peter HUdreth 

for whom was named "Peter's Green" M'here the spider 'legged 

wind mill stood early in the last century ^t^g^eu 

T ^ "^tV^Tv ^^""^ tlie Good Luck, Success and Dolphin, owned by 
Joseph Conkhng, John Foster and others. 

I h' "^j 9°^^- ^^^^^^ ^^^* ^" *h^ early days there was a short 
Sin ^\ 1^"^^"^ place, the remains of which could be seen in 
1X,J0, a short distance east of the southern end of "Payne's Bridge" 
i^rom lSdU-5 Its site was imnroved by walling and filling in mak'n'>- 
a capacious enclosure in which to store oil casks. It was here the 
oil was tried and casked. (Address April 19, 1858) 



152 HISTORY Oh THE TOHN Oh SOUTH AMl^TON 

ward Nicoll, to build a wharf and form a company, the 
capital to be divided into forty shares of £20 each,$ and 
we know this to have been built, because in 1783 it was 
voted that any person helping to repair it would be ex- 
empt from working on the highways. || Private docu- 
ments seen by Judge Hedges, moreover, indicate that it 
was built immediately and completed by at least April 
lyyi.l This was the "Long Wharf", which at the height 
of the whaling industry is said to have been 300 yards 
in length and to have paid from 25 to 30% dividends. In 
1808 the land for a third dock was granted by East 
Hampton to the State, which constructed at its own ex- 
pense what was known as the State Pier.^ 

At the time of the Revolution there were also three 
wind mills on the shore, two between the wharves and 
one west of the older one, but these long since disap- 
peared, as well as all of the earlier houses. Among the 
oldest of the latter still remaining may be mentioned 
that on Main St. owned by H. M. Lindstedt, which is 
said to have been built in 1797 for Capt. John Hildreth, 
a sea captain in the West India trade; the old Fordham 
tavern moved to Glover St. and altered beyond recog- 
nition ; the house now moved back of Mr. Fahy's barn 
on North Haven, built 1802 for John Payne; the "Um- 
brella House" on Division St., said to be pre-Revolution- 
ary; the Ebenezer Sage house on Sage St., now used as 
a factory store; the Whiten Foster house on Main St.; 
the Tha'ddeus Coles house on Hampton St.* One of the 
old Sag Harbor bouses was moved to Mecox some fifty 
years ago, where it iow looks like an old original home- 
stead on the east side of Ocean Road, almost facing Me- 
cox Road. The windmill standing on Mr. Berwind's 

X This was to be 35 ft. wide and to have 60 ft. of water on each 
side, at the boundary line between the two Towns. E. H. T. R, Vol. 
IV. pp. 220 et seq. 

II E. H. T. R. Vol. IV, p. 244. 

§ Deeds for sale of shares by Thomas Foster, Apl. 25, 1771, and 
Jeremiah Hedj^es, Dec. 1 1773. Both are named in the grant. 

a E. H. T. R. Vol, IV, p. 357. ., v, t, 

* The house now occupied by Mrs. Russell Sage was built by Ben- 
jamin Huntting. The old house of John Jermain, her grandfather 
still stands on the east side of Main Street and is also owned by 
her. 



HJilTUR) Of THE TUH W UF SOLTfJ^lMrroy 153 

place at Bridgehampton was also moved from the Har- 
bor in 1837, it having originally stood on Sherrill Hill, 
v^'here it was built by a Mr. Beebe in 1820. While it re- 
mained on its original site, it was the custom whenever 
a homeward bound ship was sighted, to raise the flag 
on it to notify the people, whence came the old sayings 
"flag on the mill, ship on the bay". |i 

In 1782 Ebenezer White and Deacon David Hedges 
were granted the right to cut an outlet from Otter Pond 
to the Bay to make a fish pond of it,* and in 1793 this 
grant was transferred to John Jermain with the addi- 
tional privilege of being allowed to build mills on the 
stream, as well as to drain Crooked Pond and Little 
Long Pond into Otter,t while in 1797 he was given ex- 
clusive rights of grinding and liberty to erect a dam 
across the great Narrows between Brushy Neck and 
Little Hog Neck.t 

Besides the West India Trade and early whaling, 
surplus farm products were beginning to be exported ^ 

II Mr. Beebe sold it in 1837 to A. T. Rose and Richard Gilson, who 
moved It to "Mill Hill," Bridgehampton, where Halsey & McCas- 
hn s shop now stands. They sold it to a Mr. Norris, he to Roger 
Prancis and he to E. Jones Ludlow, C. H. Topping and Hedges 
Miller, who sold it to Wm. Hand. A. E. Topping bought it in 1868, 
ran it four years and sold it to L. W. Seabury. He ran it 8 years 
and sold it to Topping and Hildreth, who sold it to J. A Sandford 
in 1881, who moved it to the north side of the railroad track near 
the station. Park Commissioner Kennedy bought it for Prospect 
Park, Brooklyn, but found it could not be moved there. In 1894 
Oliver Osborn bought it. In 1895 the Bridgehampton Milling Co. 
was formed (14 persons) and ran it till a few years ago with John 
U Sayre as manager, Wm. Schellinger, miller. The original tolling 
dish was used until about 1905. In 1914 Rev. Robt. Davis bought it 
and later sold it to Mr. J. E. Berwind who moved it to his place 
where it now stands. 

Mention may also be made here of the oldest mill still in its ori- 
ginal position in the Town and the only one still used. This is the 
one at Hayground which was built in 1802 by Gen. Abraham Rose, 
Cant. Benj. Rogers. Nathan Topping and Ethan Topping. In the 
115 years the mill has been running the millers have been Ethan 
Topping : his son Jesse; his srrandson George; his great grandson 
George 2d; and Maltbie G. Rose. 

The windmill at Water Mill was moved there from Sag Harbor 
about a century ago. 

* T. R. Vol. Ill, p. 307. 

t T. R. Vol. Ill, p. 339. 

t T. R. Vol. Ill, p. 353. 



154 HISTORY OF THE JOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

from the Hamptons and a very extensive business in 
cord woodll w^as being carried on w^ith New York, which 
was then beginning to replace Boston as a trade center 
for the Eastern Towns. § 

There seems to be some doubt as to the location of 
the earliest burying ground,* but what is now known as 
the "Old Burying Ground", west of the Presbyterian 
Church, was set apart and first used in 1767, at which 
time it lay well into the woods, which then continued 
some distance north of it. The first interment was that 
of the infant son of James Howell, and Mr. H. R. Stiles, 
writing in 1864, said that "an aged sister of this child 
living until lately, often said that she remembered her 
mother weeping bitterly because her little brother was 
buried 'way out in those lonesome woods.' "f 

This old cemetery was the starting point for me of 
one of those wild goose chases to which a local historian 
has to accustom himself. A newspaper article had stated 
that two noted men lay buried there — a Sir John Old- 
mixon, who did live in the Harbor but who was stated 
to be a companion of King George IV, and a Joseph 
Montefiore who was stated to be a brother of the great 
English philanthropist Sir Moses. I n regard to t he 

II The following is an extract from a letter from Leffert Lefferts 
of New York to John Gardiner, Aug. 25, 1790, receipting for 
wood received by Capt. Latham: "I have thought Something of 
coming down this Sumer to see you and see how wood matters are 
coming on but it has got so Late in the Season that I am uncertain 
about it but hope you will Endeavor to get all the wood onto market 
that you possably can". (Express Sept. 21, 1911.) 

§ "Beef and flaxseed are the principal articles of exportation 
among the farmers. Till within about thirty years Boston has been 
the place for a market for this part of the Country — New York is 
now. The people are more properly Graziers than farmers, they 
raise large droves of cattle and sheep for sale; but very little else 
except flaxseed and cord wood, the wood will soon be done unless it 
is preserved by Legislative authority". Gardiner Obs. on the Town 
of East Hampton, 1798. N. Y. Hist. Soc. Coll. 1869, p. 256. 

* It has been stated that there was one on the pronerty occupied 
by Howell's market, J. Decastro and Mrs. Wm. Bennett. (Express. 
Nov. 12, 1903.) Also that the earlier one was on the land occupied 
bv the residence of the late Abraham Vail and Henry B. Havens. 
(Expre^^s, Aug. 20, 1885.) 

t Stiles, Notes on the Graveyards of L. I. p. 30. The stone read 
"In memory of James, son of James and Lucretia Howell, who died 
June 4, 1767. Ae. one year, 3 months, 18 days". 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN Oh SOVTHAMHTON 155 

former, I looked in vain in many biographical diction- 
aries, the National, the still greater Biographie Univer- 
selle, and many smaller ones of special character. I 
also secured numerous volumes of Memoirs of George 
IV and his friends, and as none of these latter were indexed, 
I had to search them page by page, and was thus forced to 
obtain a minute knowledge of the far from innocent, as 
well as rather monotonous, doings of that royal rake, 
which 1 had never before dreamed of being required to 
so curiously consider. But all to no avail. Most of what 
I read might well be consigned to a nameless grave but 
no Sir John Oldmixon presented himself for that pur- 
pose, and so, starting from the quiet old Sag Harbor 
Burying Ground, I made the grand tour of the mon- 
arch's life and returned with no information and less edi- 
fication, and who, if any one, lies in that unmarked 
grave I know not, but am sure it was no friend of 
George IV ! 

As to the Montefiore story, the facts also proved 
somewhat elusive. The article in question which, inci- 
dentally, had wrongly given his name as Joseph instead 
of Joshua,* stated that he was "remembered as an ec- 
centric old gentleman, a lawyer by profession, tall, round 
shouldered and with hair braided and put up on his head 
with a black comb like a woman", and that "he was the 
author of several legal works, some of which have been 
seen by persons now living". He is supposed to have 
lived in the Ebenezer Sage house, and to have died about 
1828. A study .of the biography of Sir Moses reveals the 
fact that this could not have been his brother, and has 
left me in doubt as to what relative, if any, it may have 
been. In many respects it fits in with the life story of the 
Joshua Montefiore. who was an uncle of Sir Moses, and 
a most remarkable man, whose career included visiting 
native kings in the interior of Africa, writing law books, 
holding the first commission in the British army ever held 
by a Jew, and ending in self decreed exile in America, 

* His name is correctly given in the Corrector of Mar. 26, 1825, 
wherein "the house now occupied by Joshua Montefiore, Esq.," is 
offered for sale or to let, by Asa Partridge. 



156 HIS'WKl OF THE rUH'N UF SOUTHAMPTON 

and, T am inclined to believe, in Sag Harbor, althou-gJi 
Wolf states that he is buried at St. Albans, Vt.f 

No church, apparently, was founded here until Feb. 
24, 1766, when a meeting was held to decide upon erect- 
ing a building for th^ purpose of public worship, which 
was built the following year on the corner of Church and 
Sage Streets, arid' occupied in 1768. From its uncouth 
shape, it went by the name of "God's Old Barn", but it 
was' used for nearly half a century and during that time 
was the only church in' the village. At first there was no 
minister, the people being called together by beat of 
drum, as in Southampton, to hear a sermon read by one 
of themselves, the reader being said to have been Samuel 
L'Hommedieu; In 1798^ we find the Rev. John Taylor 
preaching alternately here and on Shelter Island, and in 
1 791 there was a reorganization, or possibly the first or- 
ganization -of the church.* Of itS' later ministers the 
two most widely known' were the Rev. Nathaniel S. 
Prime, the author of the History of Long Island pub- 
lished, in 1845, and Dr. Edward Hopper who, some years 
after leaving Sag Harbor, but doubtless with his former 
seafaring, congregation in his memory, wrote the well- 
known sailors hymn, Jesus, Savior, pilot me. 

In 1 81 7 the old church was torn down and a new one 
erected on the same site, this second building being Used 
by Christ Episcopal Church in 1846, becoming the Ma- 

t Wolf, Sir Moses Montefiore, pp. 6-9. 

* Wilson, Sag Harbor Presbyterian Church Address. The first 
members were Samuel L'Hommedieu, Benj. Price, Joseph Conklin, 
John Hand, Elisha Prior, Elizabeth Conklin, Elizabeth Seabury, 
Jane Fordham. At the first communion were added Abigail Hil- 
dreth and Margaret Pierson Jermain. In 1800 the membership was 
only 15. The church seems to have been Congregational until 1810 
when it became Presbyterian. The ministers have been as follows: 
Rev. John Taylor, 1789; Daniel Hall, 1797; Aaron Bogue, 1805-6; 
Nathaniel S. Prime, 1806-9; Stephen Porter and a Mr. Gaylord some 
months each 1809-12: John D. Gardiner, Oct. 1, 1812-June 16. 1832; 
Samuel King, Aug. 1832-Nov. 29, 1833; Ithamar Pillsbury, 1834-5; 
Joseph A, Copp, Oct. 1835-51; Dr. Edward Honner. June 8, 1852; 
Mav 3, 1863: John Lowrev, 1863-67; Wm. Guthrie Barnes. Dec. 
1867-Ap1. 1872; Alex. W. Snronll, May 20, 1873-Oct. 14, 1883; Ed- 
ward H. Camp, Apl. 11. 1884-Mav 31,"l885; Dr. Clarence Hall Wil- 
son. 1887-1902; Frank Houghton Allen, Oct. 2. 1902-Aug. 1907; Wm. 
T. Edds, Mar. 1, 1908-Sept. 1914; Walter A. Herricks, Jan. 1, 1915, 
to date. 




cor 






CO ^ 






> 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 157 

sonic Hall in 1883, and, in 1904, moved and remodelled 
into the Atheneum.* The present building with its very 
beautiful steeple, was begun in 1843 and dedicated May 
16, 1844 having been designed by Maynard LeFevre, of 
New York. This steeple is probably the best known bit 
of architecture in the Town, owing to its position and the 
wonderfully beautiful way in which it composes with the 
landscape as seen from almost any point on land or water. 
The Baptists formed an organization in 1793:}: and 
the Methodists in 1810. Methodist preaching is said to 
have begun here in 1807-8 and the Society at first to have 
included Bridgehampton, Noyac, Southampton, and even 
to have extended to Moriches and Patchogue. By it was 
established the first Temperance Society in the Harbor. 
Their first church was built on Union St., where St. 
Joseph's Hall now stands and was dedicated in 1810, be- 
ing later sold to the Catholics in 1836, a new Methodist 
church having been built the preceding year on the hill 
on High St. In 1864 this building was moved in sec- 
tions and rebuilt, in an enlarged form, where it stands at 
present on Madison St. It is said that the old church of 
1810 was lighted by tallow dips, with the floor sanded, 
and that the congregation brought their own chairs and 
foot stoves with them.f 



* The "Old Barn Church" was demolished Jan. 13, 1817; the new 
one raised June 1817. The work was much delayed on account of the 
great losses due to the fire of May 26, 1817, but Capt. Gabriel 
Havens, Augustus Sleight, and Rev. J. D. Gardiner raised about 
$3000 in New York. The church cost about $4700 and was dedi- 
cated June 18, 1818. The present building cost $17000 and the lot 
$2000. The Building Committee were Wm. R. Sleight, Nathan P. 
Howell, Henry H. Huntting, Luther D. Cook and Daniel Y. Bellows. 

The first parsonage was built in 1799 and is the house on the 
corner of Sage and Madison Sts. In 1832 the house on High St. 
(Mrs. David Steuart) was built as a parsonage. The Presbyterian 
Chapel was dedicated Dec. 15, 1899. 

+ This did not thrive long. In 1844 a lot was bought at the corner 
of Madison and Henry Sts. and the present Bethel Baotist Church 
was built. Among the early ministers were Elder Watrous, Rev. 
Geo. F. Hendrickson. David W. Rowland, Mr. Knaop, Rev. J W. 
Ladd. Elder E. W. Bliss. July 1851; Rev. Daniel D. Lyon, E. S. 
Wheeler. In 1855 the Society broke up and the property was 
deeded to the New York State Bantist Convention. Since then the 
church has been opened and closed many t^'mes. 

t The Society was at first supplied by circuit preachers, who of- 



158 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

The earliest school, apparently, or at least its east- 
ern half, was built in 1788, (the other half being added 
seven years latere on a lot given by Braddock Corey on 
the corner of Madison and Jefferson Sts. This remained 
until it became so dilapidated that it was torn down 
about 1871. In 1804 the "new school house" was built 
by private enterprise, Maj. John Jermain being greatly 
interested in it. This was on the rear of the John De- 
Castro property and became known as the "middle 
school house", was burned in 1834, rebuilt and used un- 
til 1871, when it was moved to the west side of Main 
St., became a saloon and was burned again some years 
later. The "old yellow school house" on Division St. is 
still standing, used as a tenement.* 

ficiated once in two weeks. The list of ministers is as follows: 
Revds. Henry Redstone and Coles Carpenter, 1807-11; Sam- 
uel Bushnell, Noble W. Thomas, Freborn Garretson (first 
stationed preacher) 1811-12; Noble W. Thomas, 1812-13; 
Francis Ward, Theodosius Clark, Daniel Wright, 1813-14; 
Arnold Scofield, Chas. W. Carpenter, 1814-15; John Rey- 
nolds, Oliver Sykes, 1815-16; John Reynolds, 1816-17; Lu- 
mun Andrews, 1817-18; Fitch Reed, 1818-19; Aaron Pearce, 1819-20; 
Reuben Harries, S. D. Ferguson, 1820-21; Reuben Harries, Eli Den- 
iston, 1821-22; Humphrey Humphreys, 1822-24; Henry Hatfield, 
Horace Bartlett, 1824-25; John W. LeFevre, Horace Bartlett, 1825- 
26; Noble W. Thomas, Cyrus Foss, 1826-27; Oliver V. Amerman, 
Chas. W. Carpenter. 1827-28; 0. V. Amerman, Richard Seaman, C. 
W. Carpenter, R. Morris, 1828-29; C. W. Carpenter, 1830-31; O. V. 
Amerman, 1831-32; John Trippett, 1832-33; Daniel Smith, 1833-34; 
John Trippett, C. W. Carpenter, Harvey Husted, 1834-35; C. W. Car- 
penter. 1835-36: Nath. Kellog, 1836-38; J. D. Marshall, 1838-39; 
David Miller, 1839-41; John Leonard Gilder, 1841-43; Jas. H. Perry, 
D.D., 1843-45; Seymour Landon, D.D., 1845-47: Wm. Dixon, 1847-49; 

A. S. Francis, 1849-51; E. A. Edmonds, 1851-53; Chas. Stearns, 
1853-54: Robert Jessup, M.D., 1854-56; Robert Roberts, 1856; E. W. 

B. Wood, 1856-59; John F. Booth. 1859-60; Chas. Kelsey. 1861: G. S. 
Gilbert. 1862-63; D. 0. Ferris, 1864; Wm. H. Lawrence, 1865-66; 
John W. Barnhardt, 1867-68: E. Warriner. 1869-70; R. H. Rust, 
1871-72; Geo. H. Goodsell, 1873-75; Thos. D. Littlewood. 1876-77; 
John Rippere. 1878-80; John W. Barnhart, 1881: J. S. Whedon. 1882- 
84; Wm. L. Douglas, 1885-86: Barnabas F. Reeve. 1887-91; Jas. 
Coote, 1892-93: C. M. Pegg. 1894-95; Jos. Baird, 1896-98; Robt. F. 
Norton. 1899-1903; Gordon Thomnson. 1904-6; M. Y. Bovard, 1907- 
8: M. Elmer Fonnold. 1912-15; John P. Wagner, 1916 (died); Wm. 
M. Fanton, 1916 to date. 

* In 1843 the Sag Harbor Academv and Institute was established, 
largelv through the efforts of the Rev. Mr. Conn, and a building 
ere'^ted on Suffolk St. which was de«troved by fire Feb. 10, 1864. 
It then occnnied thp basement of the People's Baptist Church 1864-6 
and the Village Hall, 1866-71. 



HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMFTON 159 

There was also, very early, a private school kept by 
Asa Partridge, whose advertisement thus appears in 
"Frothingham's Long Island Herald" of June 7th, 
1791 : "Young Lady's School. Will be opened on Mon- 
day May 23 at the Hall in this place. A four o'clock 
School for the reception of young Ladies, where will be 
taught Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, English Gram- 
mar, Book Keeping, and Elocution. All the above 
branches of Education will be taught in the Common 
School at the same place, which will be opened at 8 
o'clock A. M. and close at 4 o'clock P. M. at which 
time the Lady's School will be called in. Those Gentle- 
men who please to send their children to be Educated 
here, may depend on their having their Morals and Man- 
ners carefully inspected by their very humble servant 
Asa Partridge. Sagg Harbour, May 10". Mr. Part- 
ridge must indeed have had what might be called a full 
day. 

Churches and schools, however, were not the only 
means of education in early Sag Harbor, and for long 
the stocks were in place on Meeting House Hill, while 
the village whipping post stood near the old Liberty pole at 
the north end of Main Street.* 

Where the American House now stands, there w-as 
a tavern during the Revolution, where the British of- 
ficers were quartered and at the beginning of the last 
century there was a cofTee house known as Eldredge's.t 
which was at one time owned by Maj. Jermain,! and 
which had a cellar capable of storing a thousand bar- 
rels. The most celebrated tavern, however, which dated 
from before the Revolution was kept early in the last 
century by Pelatiah Fordham, commonly known as 
"Duke" Fordham. near where the present railroad sta- 
tion stands. II 

* The flag pole now there was presented to the village by Mrs. 
Jas. H. Aldrich. 

t It stood on land which the north part of H. & S. French's coal 
yard later occupied. 

% It was offered for sale by him in 1808. Express, Apl. 3, 1862. 

II There was another across the street kept by Robert Fordham. 

Later inns were the old "East End House" of Samuel Fordham. 
corner of Main and Howard Sts.; the Mansion House, in its best 



160 HUrURY OF THE TOIi'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

It was at this inn that J. Fenimore Cooper used to 
stay when he visited Sag Harbor, and in which it is pos- 
sible that part of his first novel "Precaution" may have 
been written. § Cooper's wife was a cousin of Mrs. 
Chas. T. Dering of Sag Harbor and of Miss Anne Nicoll 
of Shelter Island, and the latter often told, both before 
and after the novelist became famous, the now well 
known story of his having read the English novel "Dis- 
cipline", and remarking that he could write a better one 
himself. This occurred at Miss Nicoll's house, and as 
the ladies expressed doubts. Cooper wrote "Precaution" 
upon their challenge, it being published in 1819. At that 
period he spent much time in Sag Harbor and engaged 
in a whaling venture, being said to have been the first to 
introduce there the method of owning a ship on shares 
as distinct from individual or firm ownership. Under 
his business management and with him as part owner, 
the bark Union made several voyages to Brazil from 
1819 to 1822, but without any great success. During 
the time which this venture of his required him to re- 
main in Sag Harbor, he evidently studied both place and 
people for his novel the "Sea Lions" contains much re- 
lating to the neighborhood and inhabitants, introducing 
one of the most noted. Dr. Ebenezer Sage,* by name 
and without change of character. The personal appear- 
ance and peculiar laugh of Natty Bumpo, of the Leather 
Stocking series, was also taken from another Sag Har- 
bor acquaintance, Capt. Hand. 

This Captain Hand had been a seaman in the Revo- 
lution, and before his 20th year had been five times 
prisoner of war. He also, later, married successively 
five wives, and having survived these ten adventures to 
the age of 81, he died in 1840. He placed stones at 

days one of the finest hotels east of Brooklyn, kept by Jedediah 
Conklin; the Nassau House, run by the Oakley's; and the Hedges 
House, by Albert Hedges. 

§ Hedges, Address, p. 38. Mulford, Sketch of Dr. Sage, pp. 31 et 
seq. 

* Dr. Sage was born at Chatham, Conn., 1755; grad. Yale 1788; 
became a physician and settled at East Hamnton 1784; was member 
of Congress 1809-17: and a delegate to the New York Constitutional 
Convention 1821. Died at Sag Harbor 1835. Vide Mulford, Sketch, 
passim. 



o 




HISTURY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 161 

the head of each of the five graves of his deceased con- 
sorts, and on his own had the inscription 
"Behold ye hving mortals passing by, 
How thick the partners of one husband lie; 
Vast and unsearchable are the ways of God, 
Just but severe His chastening rod".t 
_ Those of us who know the Sag Harbor of today, with 
Its beautifully shaded streets, would apparently have had 
very dn^'erent impressions if we had visited it a century 
or more ago as did Dr. Dwight, of Yale, and his description 
of It at that tmie (1804) is interesting not only as a picture 
m the past history of the village, but as showing what 
can be done by man to develop beauty about his home 
under even the most unpromising conditions. "Sagg 
Harbour", wrote the Doctor, "is a very pretty village . . Tt 
situated on a mere mass of sand. The harbour, which 
is excellent, and the only good one for a great distance 
on the Eastern part of the Island, allured the inhabi- 
tants to this unpleasant ground; not unpleasant from 
want of prospect, but because it furnishes unpleasant 
streets and walks, and is unfriendly to every kind of 
vegetation. The village contained at this time about 
120 houses; the principal part of which are on a winding 
street, terminating at the shore; the rest on some other 
streets of less consequence. Many of the houses, out 
liouses and fences are new and neat; and an appearance 
pf thrift, elsewhere unknown in this part of the island 
is spread over the whole village".! 

The place, however, was evidently a stirring one, and 
preparing for the activity which the next half century 
was to bring to it. making its name known on all the 
Seven Seas. Not only was it alive commercially but. 
It seems to me that, at that time at least, there was more 
keenness and vigor in its intellectual life than there was 
l^2j^2^^1i>LlJlli!!l'5L^^J^^g^sj^^^ a bout.* Sometimes 

850 IidT„''\8To'a7n6l.°'- '"' "• '"'■ "^ '^^'^ *= ''°'"'^"- - 

^M*.^y^! '"a^?/'^^'''^ '" '^^ ^i^^ ^^0™ I'^-O to 1810. Mr. L. D. Cook, 

Wm n^,v^ll'^w'''%^u^^^ ""T"' J«^" ^^^t^r- H"b-ard Latham 
Wm. Duvall, Wm. Johnson Rysam, Nathaniel Gardiner, Judge 



162 HISTORY OF THE TOtfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

this energy took a wrong direction, as in the infidel so- 
ciety which was organized to attack Christianity, and 
which held regular meetings, but it was at any rate evi- 
dence of unusual freedom in a country village of that 
period. t 

On Feb. 9, 1807, there was also organized the "Lit- 
erary Society of Sag Harbor" the "exercises" of which 
were to "consist of Disputation, Composition, Declama- 
tion, and examination upon Geography, Astronomy, and 
such other exercises as a majority shall appoint". j The 
duties of the Treasurer, aside from the obvious one of 
handling the Society's funds, included furnishing "sta- 
tionery, fuel, candles, &c"., and among the officers was 
also a "Critic" whose duty it was "to criticise upon all 
compositions and declamations". It was further pro- 
vided in the Constitution that the members should at 
"all times, but especially when in session, treat each 
other with decency and respect". An elaborate system 
of fines, ranging from 2 to 12^/2 cents was provided for 
and a member could be tried for gambling or intoxica- 
tion outside of meetings, and it was also decreed that no 
meeting should ever be held in a tavern. It evidently 
took itself very seriously for when a member's resigna- 
tion was accepted he was given the following certificate, 
"This is to certify that Mr was honorably dis- 
missed from the Literary Society of Sag Harbor, on the 

day of A. D. — Signed by order of the 

Society, President Secretary". 

Sag Harbor's best claim to fame in those early days, 
and one of which it may justly be proud, was the estab- 
lishment there of the first printing press on Long Island 

Miller, David and Silas Sayre, Luther Hildreth, John Hurlburt, Jo- 
seph Crowell, Capt. Satterby, Lester and Thos. Beebe, Capt. Wm. 
Parker. Sylvanus Howell. Amos Prentice, Nathan Fordham, Thos. 
P. Ripley, Capt. John Hildreth, Samuel L'Hommedieu, John Jer- 
main, Capt. Elias Jones, Capt. Jesse Halsey, Capts. Peleg and Eden 
S. Latham and Capts. Moses and Aaron Clark, all of whom had 
died by 1858. 

t It is not known how long: a career it had but it had disbanded 
by 1806. Wilson, Address, p. 6. 

% Constitution of the Literary Society of Sag- Harbor, 1807. 



THE 



Rights of Km.m::h i 

A n 

D 2 L ! '.' E r r D AT T I! '^, * 
O F 

Provide r^cc- CcIIege^ 

SEPTEMEETs 7, 1751. 



B/ HERMAN D A G G E T T, 
Cm ;i :'.£e for the MASTER'S DEGREE. 

A Rigiueaus man legardsih the life of t:- '■*-:'>.- 

SOLOMCN'. 



SAC G -H ARBOUR: 
Mr, ted b/ D A V I D ? R T H I U G H A ?'?.. 



Title Page of Daggett's Rights of Animals 

(OriKinal in Possession of Mr. O. B. Ackerly) 



HISTORY OF THE TO UN OF SOUTHAMPTON 163 

about 1790-91. It was set up by David Frothingham* 
who had learned his trade in Boston and came here from 
New York about that date, starting a printing office, 
book store and bindery at the foot of Main St. near the 
Landing, where he also published the first newspaper on 
the Island under the name of "Frothingham's Long Is- 
land Herald", of which the first number was dated May 
10, 1791. It took for its motto "Eye nature's walks, 
shoot folly as it fiies, — and catch the manners living as 
they rise". This paper for eleven years was delivered 
through the Island by a special post-rider employed by 
Frothingham. The first separate imprint from his press, 
so far as is known, was a small pamphlet entitled "Verses 
occasioned by the loss of the brig Sally, on Eaton's Neck, 
January 16, 1791, together with some reflections said to 
have been made by Capt. Keeler during the storm". It 
is to be hoped that the Captain was a pious man, but the 
pamphlet has not survived. J 

On June 2, 1802, Frothingham transferred the paper 
to Selleck Osborn, who changed the name to the Suf- 
folk County Herald, but the management was not suc- 
cessful, and sold out to a company who, in turn, sold to 
Alden Spooner in Feb. 1804, the name again being 
changed to the Suffolk Gazette.f He sold the Gazette 
May 25, 1810, but continued editing and publishing it 
until it stopped Feb. 23, 181 1, when he went to Brook- 
lyn and bought the Long Island Star, which he edited 
until his death, Nov. 27, 1849. 

There was then no paper in Sag Harbor until Oct. 
19, 1816, when Samuel A. Seabury started the Suffolk 
County Recorder, which became Oct. 18, 1817, the 
American Eagle and Suffolk County General Adver- 

* Tooker, Early Sag: Harbor Printers, Sag Harbor Hist. Soc. 
Paper, 1902. He was the son of David Frothingham of Charlestown, 
Mass., and had married, by a runaway match, Nancy Pell of Pel- 
ham, dau. of Joseph Pell, Esq. She was afterward' forgiven and 
some of his children adopted and educated by her family after 
Prothmgham was lost at sea. 

X For list of Sag Harbor imprints see Appendix XV. 

t Spooner had learned his trade with his cousin, Samuel Green, 
m New London and came to Sag Harbor when 21. His first issue 
was Feb. 20. 1804. 



164 HISTORY OF THE TOffN Of SOUTH AM FTON 

tiser, which lasted until Aug. 4, 1821, when the editor 
moved to Huntington. 

The Corrector, now the oldest newspaper in Suffolk 
County, was founded, Aug. 3, 1822, by Harry W. Hunt, 
and bought by the Hon. Brinley D. Sleight in 1859, on 
July 14th of which year appeared the first number of the Ex- 
press, founded and still edited by John H. Hunt. J 

J Sept. 16, 1826 the Republican Watchman was issued by Samuel 
Phillips but removed to Greenport about 1844. 




Presbyterian Church, Sag Harbor 



CHAPTER VIII. 

THE REVOLUTION. 



For a long period now, the Town had been able to 
develop its life in peace, without fear of the Indian or 
foreign foe. It had, indeed, taken its share in the Crown 
Point expedition,* but the scene of that action was far 
from home and since the earlier day of Indian dangers, 
little save occasional visits from strange pirates had dis- 
turbed the serenity of the East End.f Life flowed on it 
in its independent, hard working, simple fashion until, 
in 1774, began the mutterings of that storm which was 
soon to burst in greater fury and cause more havoc and 
personal suffering on the eastern end of Long Island 
than perhaps anywhere else in the country, and to alter 
individual and community relations for all time after. 

Events had already begun to move rapidly in Boston, 
and on June 17 of the above year, the inhabitants of East 
Hampton voted that they would, to the utmost of their 

* Capt. Elias Hand's Company numbered 97 (See Appendix XVI 
for this and an earlier Muster Roll of 1715). In 1756, the Governor 
offered a bounty for every able-bodied man and Capt. Hand's order 
for this money shows 93 volunteers accounted for. State Historians 
Rept. Col. Ser. Vol. I, p. 829. 

t At one time, when piracy was at its height, arms had been 
sent down from New York to assist in the defence and it is possible 
that the two small field pieces, which the Town possessed when the 
Revolution broke out, may date from that earlier period. It is said 
that they were hung in the belfry of the church in Southampton 
village as weights to the Town clock, to prevent their falling into 
the hands of the British. One was removed from the belfry in 
1843, the other having long been used in Fourth of July celebrations. 
Howell, Hist., p. 74. 



166 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

abilities, assert and in a lawful manner defend the liber- 
ties of America. On Nov. 15, the Suffolk County Com- 
mittees of Correspondence met at Riverhead and recom- 
mended to the several Towns that they should send sub- 
scriptions for the distressed in Boston and procure a ves- 
sel for that purpose. Southampton did its share in this 
patriotic duty of relief, and Capt. John Foster, of Sag 
Harbor, volunteered the use of his ship. 

On the 29th of April of the next year, following the 
battle of Lexington, Congress suggested the signing by 
all citizens who were loyal to the cause of the Colonies, 
what were known as the Articles of Association, and 
these were promptly subscribed to by every male citizen 
capable of bearing arms in the Town of East Hampton 
and by all but two in the Town of Southampton, and 
these afterward signed according to Judge Hedges.* 

Only a few weeks later, many of the British warships 
having made Gardiner's Bay their rendezvous, the east- 
ern Towns began to suffer from their raids after cattle 
and stores, more particularly the former, which were 
pastured in great numbers on Montauk, 2000 head of cat- 
tle and between three and four thousand sheep being at 
the mercy of the enemy. A considerable number of men 
from these Towns were already serving in the militia 
elsewhere, and the following letter, dated Sept. 9, 1775, 
from East Hampton and Southampton in answer to one 
received from the New York Committee of Safety, de- 
scribes the situation. " We would cheerfully com- 
ply with your request in respect to raising two Com- 
panies of Minute Men for the defence of the stock at 
Montauk, but we think it entirely out of our power, as 
we are but a small number of people here, and a consid- 
able part of our strength is already gone in the service. 
We have called a meeting of the Joint Committee of 
South and Easthampton this day, and have voted to call 
our Militia together in the Second Battalion, in order to 
enlist a Company, if possible, to send directly ofT to Mon- 
tauk, as it is at present without even a soldier to guard 
it; and we are fearful we shall not have sufficient ammu- 



* For Articles and list of signers see Appendix XVII. 




Shore at Homes Hill 




British Earth Works, Southampton 



HISTORY OF THE rOff'N Ot SOUTHAMPTON 167 

nition amongst us to fix out one company, and should 
General Gage's Troops come upon us in this destitute 
condition, we shall be absolutely under the disagreeable 
necessity of complying with their terms. Therefore, 
gentlemen, we must beg the favour that we may have 
two companies sent here as soon as possible. It is the 
opinion of General VVooster that we are in the most de- 
fenceless condition of any part of this continent. 
By order of the Committee 

DAVID PEIRSON, Chairman".* 

To this appeal, the Committee of Safety was unable 

to send any encouragement in reply, writing that "we 

advise, that a number of men, not exceeding twenty-five, 

be placed upon Montauk, with orders to drive the cattle 

ol¥ in case a fleet appears We can say nothing to 

you on the subject of ammunition, farther than we are 
not able to supply you with any."t Later, however, the 
importance and difficulty of the matter being better ap- 
preciated, a company under Capt. Hurlburt was stationed 
there, while the cattle and between two and three thou- 
sand sheep from Fisher's and Gardiner's Islands were 
removed to the mainland. 

In July, 1776, the Convention assured the Hamptons 
that the Montauk stock would be protected and also took 
measures to drive into the interior the horned cattle and 
sheep from other parts of the Island, the former esti- 
mated at over a hundred thousand head and the latter at 
a much larger number, providing for their protection if 
possible, but requiring that they should be destroyed 
rather than be allowed to fall into the hands of the 
British, and, for the enforcement of the order, drafting 
one quarter of the Minute and Militia men. 

In connection with the Montauk problem it is inter- 
esting to note that the people had also some cause to 
suspect the Indians there, for in 1798 Gardiner wrote 
that "in the year 17— Sir Willm. Johnson spent six 
weeks with this tribe, — his business was of a private 
nature. During the American War these Indians were 
friends to the British Gov ernment; they frequently de- 

* Force, American Archives, Ser. IV, Vol. Ill, p 892 
t Ibid. 



168 HISTORY OF THE TOH^'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 

tected deserters from the British troops at Southampton. 
To gain over these Indians as he had others might have 
been his business".* That it apparently was is evidenced 
by a report made by Col. Guy Johnson, who had suc- 
ceeded his father as British Indian Agent, to Lord Ger- 
main, in which he stated that he had visited the Mon- 
tauks in 1777 and that "though few in number and sur- 
rounded by a disaffected people they have offered their 
services to the home government, whenever the general 
shall please to make use of them".§ 

During that first summer, as shown in the following 
\f , letter, there occurred in Southampton Village what is 
^ probably unique in the annals of war, the formation of a 
company, largely, if not entirely, made up of grandfath- 
ers : 

"Southampton, Suffolk County, New York. 
July 23, 1776. 
"Last Monday afternoon was exhibited to view in 
this town a very agreeable prospect; the old gentlemen, 
grandfathers, to the age of seventy and upwards, met 
agreably to appointment, and formed themselves into 
an Independent Company. Each man was well equip- 
ped with a good musket, powder, ball cartridges &c. and 
unanimously made choice of Elias Pelletreau, Esq. for 
their leader (with other suitable officers), who made a 
very animating speech to them on the necessity of hold- 
ing themselves in readiness to go into the field in time of 

invasion " || 

Meanwhile, Maltby Gelston had reported to Congress 
the formation of two companies from Southampton for Col. 
Smith's regiment with the following officers : 

1st. Company. 2nd. Company. 

Capt. Zephaniah Rogers Capt. David Pierson 
ist. Lt. Nath'l. Howeil, Jr. ist. Lt. John Foster, Jr. 
2nd. Lt. Mathew Sayre 2nd. Lt. Abram Rose 

Ens. Ens. Edward Toppingf 

* Gardiner, Obs. on Town of East Hampton, p. 257. 
§ Quoted in an article in the N, Y. Evening Post, Feb. 25, 1911. I 
have not located the original source of the reference. 
II Force, American Archives, Ser. V, Vol. I, p. 543. 
f Letter dated Feb. 17, 1776. Cal. Hist. Mss. Rel. to War of Rev. 



HISTORY UF THE TUHN OF SOUTHAMHTON 169 

There were a number of changes in companies and 
regiments, but on Feb. loth the "Eastern Regiment" re- 
ported nine companies with 768 officers and men, of 
which two companies were from East Hampton, two 
from Bridgehampton, one jointly from Bridgehampton 
and Sag Harbor, and three from Southampton. This 
regiment was headed by Col. Mulford but a portion of 
it, as well as two other Suffolk regiments, was later 
merged into the regiment of Minute Men under Col. 
Smith. 

It seems now to be definitely established that this 
regiment and at least a considerable part of the men en- 

(ed. 1868) Vol. I, p. 243. About July there is a list of Col. Smith's 
Regiment in which the officers of the first Company are given as 
Capt. Zephaniah Rogers; 1st. Lt., Edward Topping; 2nd. Lt., Paul 
Jones; Sergts. Hugh Gelston, Tim Halsey, David Lupton; Corporals, 
, Jehiel Howell, Elias Pierson, Jona. Cook. For Muster Roll see Ap- 
pendix XVI. On Aug. 15,1775, the officers of the 2nd Regt. Suffolk 
County were given as follows: 

1st Col. David Mulford 

2nd Col. Jonathan Hedges 

1st Maj. Uriah Rogers 

2nd Maj. George Herrick 

Adjt. John Gelston 

Qr. Mr. Phineas Howell 
1st Co., (Southampton) 3rd Co., (Bridgehampton) 

Capt. David Howell Capt. David Peirson 

1st. Lt. Jeremiah Post 1st Lt. Daniel Hedges 

2d. do. Paul Jones 2nd. do. David Sayre 

Ens. Zephaniah Rogers Ens. Theophilus Peirson 

6th Co. 5th Co. (Southampton) 

(B'hampton & Sag Harbor) Capt. Stenhen Howell 
Cant. Wm. Rogers, Jr. 1st Lt. John White, Jr. 

1st Lt. Jesse Hallsey 2nd Lt. Lemuel Wick 

2nd Lt. Henry Halsey Ens. Isaiah Hallsey 

Ens. Nathaniel Rogers 

8th Co. (Sag Harbor) 
7th Co. (Southampton) Capt. Sam'l L'Hommedieu 

Capt. Josiah Howell. Jr. 1st. Lt. Silas Jessuo - 

1st Lt. Nathaniel Howell 2nd. do. Edward Conckling 

2d do. Mathew Howell Ens. Daniel Fordham 

Ens. Wm. Stephens 

9th Co. (Bridgehampton) 
Capt. John Sandford 
1st. Lt. Edward Topping 
2nd. do. Phillin Howell 
Ens. John Hildreth 
Given in Mather. Refugees, pp. 992 et seq. See also for Muster 
Rolls ibid pp. 1002 et seq. 



170 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 

rolled in it, took part in the battle of Long Island, which 
at one blow determined the fate of the East End during 
the entire remainder of the war.* When Washington re- 
treated, necessary and wise as that retreat was from the 
military standpoint, the result was six years of incal- 
culable and undeserved suffering for the people at this 
end of the Island. The western end was largely Tory in 
sentiment, Kings County not having signed the Associa- 
tion at all, and Queens County but slowly and unwill- 
ingly. It was not so, however, in Suffolk County. There 
the feeling was deep and strong in favor of the patriot 
cause and had been freely expressed. The battle left its 
inhabitants cut off from the rest of their fellow sympa- 
thisers, the British army an impassable barrier, their own 
men largely scattered in the confusion following the re- 
treat, and themselves and their property absolutely at 
the mercy of the enemy, with no possibility of resistance 
or defence. 

Surrendered as they were to the British at the end of 
August, but a few anxious weeks passed before Gov. 
Tryon made his hand felt and forced the oath of allegi- 
ance to the English Crown, in a most obnoxious form, 
upon all those who, for one reason or another, could not 
escape to their friends on the main land. The unfor- 
tunate people who had been so quick to send help to the 
cause in Boston, and who ever since by word and deed 
had, with practically no dissenting voice in the two en- 
tire townships, aided it in every way possible, now aban- 
doned by their friends and with no refusal possible, were 
forced to take the following oath : "I do swear upon the 
Evangelist of Almighty God, that I hold true and faithful 
allegiance to his Majesty King George the Third of Great 
Britain, his heirs and successors; and hold an utter ab- 
horrence of congresses, rebellions &c. ; and do promise 
never to be concerned in any manner with his Majesty's 
rebellious subjects in America. So help me God"! 

A joint meeting was held by the men of the two 
Towns at Sagg on September 14, 1776, to endeavor 

* Johnston estimates 250. Campaign of 1776 around New York 
and Brooklyn, p. 131. 



HJSruRl OF THE TUHN OF SOL THAMFTON 171 

to secure a mitigation of the terms of the oath, but to no 
avail. 

Col. Abraham Gardiner was chosen, and forced, to 
administer the oath to the people of the Towns, and it is 
said that after surrounding their respective houses at 
Sagg and East Hampton, he forced Cols. Jonathan 
Hedges and David Mulford both to take it, although all 
three afterward became refugees. As to the ethical case 
involved in this oath extorted by force, I leave the matter 
in the hands of Judge Hedges, who wrote of it as follows : 

"What should they do? Take the oath and live? Re- 
fuse and die? They took the oath, but in heart were as 
devoted to their country and as hostile to their oppres- 
sors as before. This is a subject avoided by writers but 
fidelity to historic truth demands expression. When resi- 
dents of Sag Harbor and the Hamptons took this oath, 
as they in fact did, they reasoned thus : Refusing I die 
with no benefit to my family, friends or country's cause; 
living, I may be a help to all, ministering to aged par- 
ents, to sick and dying of family and friends, protector 
of wives, sisters and children from brutal assaults on 
their purity and honor. In law and morals, fraud or 
force annuls a deed or contract, and undue influence 
voids a will, and why not an oath? To hold an oath pro- 
cured by force valid, is to hold force the law and above 
the right. When Col. Gardiner as commissioner, wnth 
a company, surrounded the house of Col. Jonathan 
Hedges of Sagg, and at the point of the bayonet com- 
pelled the old hero to take the oath, what else could he 
do? What else could Col. Hedges do? It was this or 
death. They were both known as patriots then and 
after. If Col. Gardiner did not compel Col. Hedges and 
others to take the oath, he was liable to all the penalties 
of martial law, just as Col. Hedges was if he did not take 
it. At this very time, Nathaniel Gardiner, son of Col. 
Gardiner, was a surgeon in the American Army, and 
served as such until the end of the war". 

The power of the enemy was not felt in words alone, 
however. On Sept. 5, 1776, David Gelston. one of the 
niost noted men the Town has ever produced, and who 



172 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

was throughout the war most active in assisting the 
refugees and ameHorating their condition, wrote to the 
New York State Convention, from Saybrook : "Can only 
tell you the distresses which I hourly see and hear from 
Long Island, are beyond my power to describe".* 

Troops were soon quartered on the Towns, Lord 
Erskine making his headquarters in the old Pelletreau 
house in Southampton and doing something to restrain 
his subordinates and men until his resignation,J but 
Bridgehampton and occasionally Sag Harbor suffered 
from the presence of the notorious Major Cochrane, 
whose headquarters for long periods were at Sagg, and 
who seemed to love cruelty for its own sake. Judge 
Hedges expresses the traditional view of him when he 
wrote "No man more vile, no man more brutal ; no mem- 
ory more execrated has passed down in the traditions of 
these Towns, concerning that period than his."t To 
such an extent did people suffer that "to call any one a 
Hessian was the lowest, vilest epihet that could be be- 
stowed". It is curious that even today, a hundred and 
forty years later, I have heard boys not yet in their teens, 
fiing the word at one another as an expression of op- 
probium. In spite of some research, I have been unable 



* Letter from David Gelston to the N. Y. Convention, Sept. 5, 
1776. Journ. N. Y. Prov. Congress, 1775-7, Vol. II, p. 228. 

David Gelston was born July 7, 1744, died Aug. 21, 1828; was one 
of the petitioners for a wharf at Sag Harbor 1770; signed the Ar- 
ticles of Association 1775; was member of the 2d, 3d, and 4th Pro- 
vincial Congresses, 1775-7, the latter being empowered to establish 
a new form of government. The Committee of Safety appointed 
him to be one of a Committee to procure accounts of the vessels 
carrying refugees from Long Island, and he was also a member 
of the Committee to report on a method of reimbursing the State 
for its expenses therein. In 1780 he was one of the Commissioners 
to raise specie to redeem the bills emitted and was also a member 
of the Constitutional Convention of 1777; member of Assembly 
1777-85; Speaker of that body 1784-5; member of the Council of 
Annointment 1792-3; Senator from the Southern District 1791-4; 
1798 and 1802; Canal Commissioner 1792; deleeate to U. S. Con- 
gress 1788; Surrogate of New York County 1787-1801, and Col- 
lector of the Port of New York 1801-20. He was a son of Deacon 
Gelston and the old Gelston house is still standing on the east side 
of Butter Lane, Bridgehampton. 

t It is said his coming nrevented the use of the Southampton 
Church as a stable. Howell, Hist. p. 75. 

t Hedges, Centennial Address. 




David Gelston 

From "The RefuRees of 1776 from L. I. to Conn. 





s@ 


^T^^^z^rJ-ik^ 


j^^^^^^^^^^^^B^ 


P-^ 


K 


bB 


''^I^M^^Bh 1 "' ji^^B^^^MB 


^^^^Bk^KkLJ 



Uid Gelston House, Bridgehampton 

From "The RefuKces of 1776 from L. I. to Conn." 



HISTORy OF THE TOHS UF SOUTHAMFTON 173 

to locate the names or numbers of the regiments quar- 
tered here. In 1779, General McDougall reported to 
Gov Clinton that "it is certain theire are 14 Companies 
of Li^ht Infantry at Southampton and it's very seldom 
that the Battalion is sent on remote Service, from its 
tlank Companies".$ In Sag Harbor tlreir barracks were 
located on Madison St. just off Sage St. in a buildmg 
since moved, while the officers were in the house of 
Tames Howell, which stood on the site of the Anierican 
House until burned in the f^re of i845-ll They also had 
a small fort standing on the crown of the hill, partly 
within the enclosure of the Old Burying Ground, and in 
Southampton another small one of earthwork most ot 
which latter is still standing a few hundred feet north- 
west of the Union School Building. 

In the latter part of 1778, the British troops here 
were evidently fairly numerous, and this part of the is- 
land was being counted on as a possible base for attacks 
on the mainland, for on Sept. 15th Gen. Sir Henry Clin- 
ton wrote to Lord George Germain that I detached 
Maior General Tryon some time ago to the East hnd ot 
Long Island to secure the cattle on that Part, m which 
situation he could either reinforce Rhode Island, or make a 
descent on Connecticut as circumstances might occur, 
and Transports for 4000 Men were laymg then in the 
Sound and that number of Troops ready for embarka- 
tion on the shortest notice", t 

Gardiner's Bay also served as a rendezvous for the 
British fleet (between East Hampton and Gardiner s is- 
land) where "Vice Admiral Arbuthnot lay with 11 ships 
of the line in the summer of 1780 and in the wmter of 
1781 From this Bay he sent out four ships to watch the 
movements of the French fleet when the Culloden a fine 
74 Gun ship was lost on Muntock and the Bedford was dis- 
masted-this was in the winter of 1781. Th^ other two 
ships went clear of Muntock point to sea and lived thro 
the snow storm and ga^e^rLwhuT*^ 

t Papers of Gov. Clinton, Vol. IV, p. 599. 

I At that time said to be the oldest house in Sag Harbor 

t Stevens' Facsimiles of Mss. in European Archives, Number 

* (Gardiner, Obs. on the Town of East Hampton, p. 227. 



174 



HISTORY OF THE TOH^N Of SOUTHAMPTON 



Besides the personal indignities and insults that the 
inhabitants were liable to suffer at any moment from the 
enemy, their property of all kinds, particularly, of course, 
their crops and other food, was constantly requisitioned, 
promises to pay^ being given in exchange, which the 
British Government later repudiated. In 1783, Sir Guy 
Carleton appointed a Board of Commissioners for the 
purpose of adjusting demands, but they sailed without 
doing anything and the claims were never paid.f If the 
inhabitants fled, to escape suffering or to join their 
friends on the mainland, then their entire property was 
liable to be confiscated, as is shown by the following 
sample list.* 

"Estimate of real Estate in the County of Suffolk 
belonging to persons in actual Rebellion. 
Nathl. Furdon [Fordham] A farm 40 acres Value £2000 



John Foster 


(( 


100 " 


800 


Silas Jessup 


<< 


200 " 


" 1200 


Abel Gilston 


(< 


250 " 


2000 


David Gelston 


K 


140 " 


" 1000 


Obadiah Jones 


ii 


120 " 


900 


Uriah Rogers 


Town Lot 


10 " 


500 


Zebulon Cooper 


(( 


20 " 


600 


Abraham Cooper 


A Farm 


100 " 


" 1000 


Elias Pelletreau 


" 


125 " 


" ' 1 200' 



In spite of this, however, great numbers abandoned 
their homes, or left them under the care of such as could 
not leave, for one reason or another, and fled to Connec- 
ticut. This was not only in accord with their own feel- 
mgs but with the recommendations of the Convention 
which voted on August 29, 1776, immediately after the 
disaster at Brooklyn, that the inhabitants should "re- 
move as many of their women, children and slaves, and 

t The orders were of the following form for Suffolk County: 

"You are hereby ordered to preserve, for the King's use, 

loads of hay, bushels of wheat, of oats 

of rye, of barley of Indian corn, and all your 

wheat and rye straw, and not to dispose of the same , but to my 
order, and in writing, as you will answer the contrary at your 
peril". 

* Auckland Mss. King's College, Cambridge. Steven's Facsim- 
iles, Number 1233. I give above only the names in Southampton 
Township. 



A REM.iRKABLK 



DREAM. 



OR 

VISION, 

Qi PivnbU.n ^C-t.;3 ^ "ihw Jki -^p". 3. ll-'-'i 



it jr;/trV ^A'j;.!', in his :-:o.i bjnJ. ;vn/.';'^. 



S.VG-HARUOU?., 

Printed by S. O.'wrn, nc:r Uit :/f..;: *. 

lii-2. 



Title Page of Warner's Dream 

(Original in Possession of Mr. O. B. Ackerly) 



HiyruKY OF THE VUIVN Ot SOUTHAMfTUN 175 

as much of their Uve stock and grain, to the main as they 
can; and that this Convention will pay the expense of 
removing the same". 

This was not wholly out of sympathy for the unfor- 
tunate inhabitants, but largely to reduce the supplies 
which otherwise would serve to support the British, for the 
people could raise nothing to feed or clothe themselves, which 
might not likewise feed or clothe the enemy, and it was 
this unfortunate situation to which was due a great part 
of their sufferings, as it caused them to be harried by 
friends and foes alike. Dr. Buell wrote from East 
Hampton, Sept. 22, 1776, that "the people are as a 
torch on f^re at both ends, which will be speedily con- 
sumed, for the Continental whigs carry off their stock 
and produce, and the British punish them for allowing 
it to go. Hopes the Whigs will not oppress the op- 
pressed, but let the stock alone," 

The battle occurred August 27th, the Convention 
acted on the 29th., and on Sept. 15th there is an entry 
"wharves at Sag Harbor crowded with immigrants. 
So hasty was the flight in some cases that it is said that 
bread mixed on Long Island was baked in Connecticut.! 
The various authorities in that state. Town and other, 
promptly made such arrangements as they could to re- 
ceive the influx of refugees and their goods, and these 
?fter being carried over the Sound, were scattered 
mainly through the towns and villages of Saybrook, 
Stonington, Haddam, East Haddam, Guilford, Chester, 
Canterbury, Middletown and Wethersfield. 

Owing to the fact that the accounts of the captains 
of the boats which ferried the refugees over were audited 
and paid by the New York authorities, they have been 
preserved and give us a vivid picture of the exodus. t 

Thus, for a trip of Sept. 2, 1776. Capt. Zebulon 
Cooper turned in a bill for transporting 94 persons; on 
a third trip he had 63 passengers, 10 cows, 2 horses, 30 
«^heep, 17 hogs, and 33 loads of household goods; on a 
fourth trip. 30 cattle, 150 sheep, 2 loads of goods, and^ 

* Onderdonk, Rev. Incidents in Kings and Suffolk Counties. 
t Mather, Refugees, p. 261. 
X Mather, Refugees, passim. 



176 HISTORY OF THE TOU'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

passengers. For service between Sept. 5th and Oct. 
loth, Capt. Griffeth put in a bill for transporting John 
Hand, Jr., and a load of goods to East Haddan, Ryall 
Howell and Sylvanus Howell and 3 loads of goods to 
the same place, Thomas Topping and a load of goods to 
Saybrook, Nathaniel Huntting to the same place with 

4 loads, Deacon Maltby Gelston to East Haddam with 

5 loads, and, again, with six in his family and 2 hogs, as 
well as two additional trips for the Deacon with 34 and 
14 head of cattle and 3 more loads of household goods. 
And so the examples might be multiplied indefinitely. 

Many of them made a number of trips at first, and 
probably considered their exile but temporary. No one 
could foresee the long years the war was to last, and 
even if it should last longer than they anticipated, they 
probably expected no difficulty in returning should need 
arise. But as the situation gradually developed, with 
the rise of the "illicit trade" and other dangers due to 
intercourse with the enemy, the authorities forbade and 
prevented" such returnings, except as occasionally 
granted in individual cases. Sometimes the applica- 
tions were favorably acted upon, as when it was voted, 
Dec. 2, 1778, that the wife of Col. Jonathan Hedges "be 
permitted to return to Long Island to reside there with 
one daughter aged about 15 years and one son aged 
about 9 years; and that one of his sons be permitted to 
go over to Long Island to fetch ofif some grain under 
the inspection and direction of one justice of the peace 
and two of the selectmen of Stonington". These pre- 
cautions were adopted in practically all cases, even 
where the loyalty of the individuals was unquestioned. 
Thus we find, on another date, (May 22, 1779), that it 
was "voted that Cols. John Hulbert. Theophilus How- 
ell, [Lt.] David Sayer, and [Capt.] Stephen Howell be 
permitted to pass with a boat to Long Island and to 
bring off some grain provided they first apply to Capt. 
Shipman, commandant at the fort at Sav Brook, to 
search said boat and see that no goods, provisions or 
money are on board at the time of departure, and on 
their return they shall exhibit to- said Shipman a true 




The Mill and Its Miller, Bridgehampton 



HISTORY OF TUB TOU'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 111 

manifest of the grain they shall have brought from said 
Long Island in said boat".* 

The people of Connecticut undoubtedly did what 
they could for the sufferers, but without homes, without 
opportunity to work at their trades or accustomed occu- 
pations, with insufficient money to last the years of the 
war, with their properties on the Island falling into de- 
cay or ruined by the enemy, in many cases with the 
heads of the family killed or in the army, their plight 
was pitiable and it is hard to determine which suffered 
most, those who remained at home or those who fled by 
the advice of the Convention. 

Among the documents are many which tell the sad 
story, as wdien Dr. Silas Halsey petitions that he may be 
permitted to return from Killingworth to his home, for 
"since his residence in said Town he hath lost his wife, 
and his family left in Broken Circumstances, that he is 
in no business whereby to Subsist his Family and hath 
expended almost everything he brought with him and 
by the present enhanced price of the necessary articles 
of Subsistence cannot any longer support himself and 
family unless he may be permitted to return". Joseph Top- 
ping among many others, likewise petitions, saying "that 
the Property he brought with him is nearly expended 
and he hath a Family consisting of a Wife and Six Child- 
ren which he can discern no way to support here much 
longer, that he hath a Farm and an Aged Father on Long 
Island, who want his Service & his Assistance &c", and 
these examples could be many times multiplied. 

It has been estimated that Long Island lost $500,000 
worth of property during the British occupation, and after 
the war the unusual sums voted in poor relief, changes 
in the ownership of land, and the enormous number of 
mortgages placed, all bear witness to the same story 
of sufifering, impoverishment and death. In spite of 
this, the new state of New York, casting about for ways 
to raise money, levied a tax of $37000 upon the Island 
because it had not been in a position to take an active 
part in the war. 

* Mather, Refugees, from which work all the quotations rela- 
tive to the refugees are taken, and which is a mine of documentary 
material bearing on this matter. 



178 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

There were no military operations of any importance 
at the East End, and this chapter, therefore, can merely 
describe the conditions resulting from the war, together 
with some of the illustrative personal anecdotes which 
1 have placed at its end. To this general statement, how- 
ever, there was one brilliant exception, that of Col. 
Meigs' Sag Harbor expedition which, while small in it- 
self, lit up some of the darkest days of the Revolution, 
coming as it did just at the moment when some victory 
was needed to put new heart into the American cause. 
The Rev. Mr. Prime, from his residence here only thirty 
years later, and from the opportunity which he had of 
getting the facts from those personally familiar with 
them, (notably Deacon John White, of Sagg, who was 
with the attacking party), was in an unusual position to 
get the exact truth, and I therefore quote his account 
verbatim. The expedition was conducted, of course, in 
1777, and was for the purpose of destroying stores col- 
lected by the British at the Harbor. 

"Embarking at New Haven, on the 21st of May, 
in whale boats,* he was compelled by the roughness of 
the Sound", wrote Mr. Prime, "to hold the Connecticut 
shore, till the 23rd. In the afternoon of that day, he left 
Guilford, with 170 men, in whale boats, under the con- 
voy of two armed sloops, and arrived at Southold about 
sunset. Taking 130 men, and transporting their boats 
across the northern branch of the Island he embarked 
on the bay, for Sag Harbor, where he arrived after mid- 
night, and landing at the foot of the beach, about two 
miles above the village. There concealing his boats in 
the bushes, and leaving a few men for a guard, he 
proceeded towards the Harbor. At the house now oc- 
cupied by Mr. Silas Edwards, which was used as a hos-- 
pital, he seized two men, who were taking care of the 
sick whom he used as guides, and whom he threatened 
with instant death, for the least failure in executing his 
requirements. Under their direction, he was led to the 

* These whaleboats which figured largely in what was known as 
the whale boat warfare, were nicknamed "shaving mills" when 
used in the illicit trade. Adventures of Christopher Hawkins, p. 
135. 




Hampton House, Bridgehampton 




The Old Atlantic House Bridgehampton 

( Xow torn down ) 



HISTORY OF THE TOflA' OTSOLTHAMTTON 17^ 

quarters of the commanding officer, whom he arrested 
and secured, while lying in his bed. At this juncture, 
an alarm was given, and a single shot was fired from an 
armed vessel, which, however, was not repeated from 
the inability to determine the cause of the alarm. An 
outpost was immediately carried, with fixed bayonets, 
and the land forces secured. He then proceeded to the 
shipping at the wharf; where, after being exposed to the 
fire of an armed schooner of 12 guns, and 70 men for 
nearly an hour, he completely effected the object of the 
expedition. In a short time, 12 brigs and sloops, one 
of which carried 12 guns were enveloped in flames, and 
with them 120 tons of hay, 10 hogsheads of rum, and a 
large quantity of grain and merchandize were com- 
pletely destroyed. Of the enemy, 6 were killed, and 90 
taken prisoners. The same day. Col. Meigs embarked 
for Guilford, where he arrived, after an absence of only 
25 hours, during which he had transported his troops, 
alternately by land and water, a distance of 90 miles,' 
without the loss of a single man.* 

The whaleboats mentioned above, and many of 
which were used in the so-called "whale-boat warfare", 
were sharply built craft from twenty to thirty feet long,' 
using from four to thirty oars each. They were duly 
commissioned by the government to cruise against Eng- 
lish shipping, but were limited in their operations to high 
water mark. This limit was passed, however, as the 
war lasted on and many crews became mere freebooters, 
plundering friend and foe alike, and many complaints oc- 
cur of their depredations. + 

In many of the older houses about here there are 
still evidences of the Hessian occupation to be seen in 
the way of mutilated furniture, f pictures carved in the 

* Prime, Hist., p. 210. 

: See, e. g. "Memorial from the Inhabitants of Southold and 
Shelter Id. to Gov. Clinton Depicting the Outrages Committed 
Under Cover of Commissions Issued by Gov. Trumbull, Southold 
Sepr 21st 1781." Gov. Clinton Papers. Vol. VII. pn. 343 et seq (A 
long list of outrages committed at Shelter Id., Southampton and 
Southold.) 

t Residence of Mr. A. M. Cook, Hayground. 



ISO HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

woodworkj and so on, and many traditions have come 
down of the minor personal events and sufferings of 
those days. 

Capt. EHas Henry Halsey of Bridgehampton, w^as 
captain of a privateer brig, lying in New London harbor 
at the time of the battle of Groton, in which Capt. Hal- 
sey took part and in which he met his death, his name 
appearing on the monument there. The following ac- 
count of his part in the fight is from a contemporary 
narrative of an eye-witness. "As soon as he (the enemy) 
got on level ground we were prepared to salute them 
with a gun that took in an eighteen pound ball, but was 
then loaded with two bags of grape shot. Capt. Elias 
Henry Halsey directed the gun, and took aim at the 
enemy. He had practised on board of privateers and he 
did his duty well. I was present with him and others near 
the gun, and when the shot struck the enemy it cleared a 
wide space in their solid column.' It was reported on 
good authority that about twenty men were killed and 
wounded by that charge of grape shot."* 

Capt. Daniel Havens, Jan. 31, 1779, assisted in cap- 
turing the British brig Ranger of 12 guns, one of those 
M'hich infested the Sound, plundering the coast, and 
which at the time of capture, was lying at the wharf at 
Sag Harbor. On the following day he made a bold at- 
tempt, with others, on seven more vessels which put into 
port, but was unsuccessful. f His nephew John Sawyer, 
of Sag Harbor, had been taken prisoner at sea and kept 
on board the frigate Maidstone with Christopher Haw- 
kins, another young American lad, both escaping while 
the vessel lay at New York, and making their way to the 
Harbor where they were sheltered by Capt. Havens, as 
told in Hawkins' Adventures. Hawkins was again cap- 
tured later, placed in the Jersey prison ship, escaped 
stark naked, and again made his way to the Harbor and 
safety. Young Sawyer sailed in a privateer and cap- 
tured a British vessel off Montauk, being put on board 

X Residence of Mr. E. J. Thompson, Sagg. 

* Rufus Avery's Mss. Narrative in Allyn's Battle of Groton 
Heights, p. 33. 

t Adventures of Christopher Hawkins, p. 185. 




Captain Austin House, Sagaponack 




L. Page Topping House, Sagaponack 



HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON ]81 

with the prize crew. The captured crew rose, however, 
and Sawyer, who was in the rigging at the time, was shot 
dead. 

Of Capt. David Hand, mentioned in the last chapter, 
Judge Hedges wrote that he "started to go in the ex- 
pedition with Montgomery, became sick at Albany and 
returned. He afterwards followed the seas on priva- 
teers; was taken prisoner by the British five times; was 
impressed in service and escaped; was in the Sugar 
House, at the Wallabout, and in the prison ships. A 
man of indomitable courage and spirit. He it was who 
w^hen robbed and plundered of his clothing, and denied 
his wages by the commander of a British vessel, indig- 
nantly said to the Captain, "All I ask now is to begin at 
your tafTfrail and fight the whole ship's crew forward and 
die like a man", t 

They took him to Halifax "and he footed it home 
across New England in winter. After tramping through 
slush all day, he came to a house and thought he had 
taken his last step on earth, but he fell in with kind folks 
and they nursed him and the w^oman warmed his bed. 
sprinkling sugar in the warming pan to take the cold out 
of his bones. He told her that his mother never did that 
for him. 'Ah' she said, 'your mother never saw you as [ 
see you now'." 

"One night as he was foddering corn up. Maj. Coch- 
rane rode into his yard and ordered him to hitch up his 
team and cart a load from Southampton. He told him 
he wouldn't as he had turned out his team and he 
wouldn't hitch them up again. Cochrane drew his sword 
and pranced around the yard ordering him to hitch up. 
The old man put for him with his pitch fork and said to 
him, 'I have fastened to many a whale and I'll fasten to 
you if you don't get out of here'. 'Well", said Cochrane. 
'Mr. Hand, I guess you and I had better be friends'."* 



t Hedges, Centennial Address, p. 15. 

* C. H. Hildreth in News, Sept. 3, 1909. Another, although not 
a Revolutionary story told of him relates that at one time he was 
in some South American port with his ship and a Spanish ship of 
war was there also. The crews of the two ships met on shore and 
quarrelled over some game or other. Capt. Hand taking the part 
of his men and the Spanish officer of his, with the result that the 



182 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Among local incidents, it is recalled that Maj. Coch- 
rane once had a peaceable and inoffensive man, William 
Russell by name, tied up and whipped till the blood ran 
down to his feet, and this with no adequate provoca- 
tion."* 

Again, speaking of the British, Howell says, "Cattle 
were wantonly carried off, forage seized without pay- 
ment, loose property appropriated and even furniture in 
their dwellings demolished. They came to the house 
of Mr. Lemuel Pierson and turned him out. Against 
their orders, he was determined to carry off some of his 
furniture, and although they stood over him with drawn 
sword, he persisted and gained his point. At another 
time, they came to his house to secure any plunder that 
might offer itself. Mrs. Pierson was alone in the house 
with young children, but nothing daunted, met them at 
the door with a kettle of hot water and threatened to 
scald the first man who attempted to enter her doors; 
and the British thinking discretion the better part of 
valor, quietly retreated".! A similar story is told of a 
woman of the Hildreth family on Mecox Road.i 

"At another time, a number of British soldiers, with 
blackened faces and coats turned inside out, came to the 
house of Mr. Edward Topping.|| Mr. Topping was 
awakened by the noise and seizing his gun, ran to de- 



officer challenged Capt. Hand to a duel. He accepted and appeared 
with his mate as his second, at the spot selected, early the follow- 
ing morning. As the challenged party, he had the choice of weap- 
ons and had chosen whaling irons (harpoons with their lines at- 
tached well sharpened.) One was handed to the astonished of- 
ficer, Capt. Hand took the other, walked back a short distance, 
balanced his weapon carefully and prepared to strike. The officer 
knew not what to do with his, and when he saw the Captain feel- 
ingly balancing the long harpoon and heard him call out to the 
mate. "When I fasten, haul in slack"- he turned and fled. 

* Howell Hist. p. 75. Pierson & Hildreth had a spider legged 
mill on the corner of Chas. S. Rogers lot by the Sagg schoolhouse. 
It was to the wheel of this mill that Russell was tied and "Henry 
Squires grandmother was a girl and lived near the schoolhouse and 
saw the whipping. She saM the blood was running down to Rus- 
sell's heel=." C. H. Hildreth, News, Aug. 20, 1909. 

t Howell, Hist. p. 76. 

t News. Jan. 21, 1910. 

II The Augustus Corwith house, Main St. and Corwith Ave., 
Bridgehampton. 



^ 



^ 









to 
SI 

3 

►a 




mSTORY OF THF. TOHN OF SOI THAMFTON 183 

fend his castle from the intruders. A window was raised 
from the outside, and a man appeared about to make his 
entrance. Mr. Topping commanded him to retire and 
threatened to shoot if he persisted. No attention was 
paid to his warning, however, and as the man climbed 
in, he shot and the soldier fell back dead. He was car- 
ried off by his comrades, and the next morning word 
was sent to Gen. Erskine at Southampton. He came 
over to Bridgehampton, investigated the affair, and hav- 
ing learned the facts, said to the British soldiers around 
him : 'Is that one of your best men? Dom him', (kicking 
the body), 'take him down to the ocean and bury him 
below high watermark.' And so ended the affair, which 
under Maj. Cochrane, might have had for Mr. Topping 
a more tragical termination".* 

Another story of Maj. Cochrane, is that when at 
Sagg, he took a young boy and had him shot or pre- 
tended to shoot at him as a mark. The mother in her dis- 
tress sent an old servant to ask for him. Cochrane re- 
leased the lad, and ordered the slave to be tied up in 
the same place, calling him a black limping devil and act- 
ually continued to shoot at him at intervals throughout 
the afternoon.! 

A pleasanter story is told of Gen. Erskine, who is said 
to have been "riding along the Sagg road one day, when 
he met a lad on a load of hay, and he began to banter the 
boy about being a young rebel. But he soon found that 
the boy had a sharp tongue and a sturdy spirit, and he 
manfully stood up for the rights of the Americans. Gen. 
Erskine rode on amused and yet impressed. Not long 
afterwards he resigned his commission and returned to 
England, and he owned that his talk with that boy had 
much to do with convincing him of the injustice of Eng- 
land's position and the impossibility of subduhig the col- 
onists whose children showed such determination."! 

Many more incidents might be given, but. like those 
noted above, they were of such a nature as might have 
occurred anywhere at that period where a hostile army 



* Howell, Hist. p. 75. 

t Hedpces. Centennial Address. 

X News, Jan. 21, 1910. 



184 HISTORY OF THE TOti'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

of occupation was in possession of the land. Enough 
have been given to suggest conditions as they existed on 
the East End during the war. After its close, the ma- 
jority of those who had been in exile returned to pick 
up, as far as might be, the broken threads of their lives. 
Many however, had died, either from disease, or in the 
service of their country, not a few, during the years of 
enforced absence had made new ties and settled else- 
where, all who returned faced heavy losses and many 
changes, and it must have been long years before life 
could have resumed its normal aspect. 



CHAPTER IX. 

THE WAR OF 1812. 



A little less than a generation after the events nar- 
rated in the last chapter, the people of America were 
again called to arms. In 1803 war had broken out be- 
tween England and France, and "in two years time al- 
most the whole carrying trade of Europe was m Ameri- 
can hands." Our merchant marine increased enorm- 
ously, as did, of course, likewise the commercial pros- 
perity of all our seaports. I cannot here go into the de- 
tailed story of the measures taken by the European bel- 
hcrerents to thwart this neutral trade with their several 
opponents, the paper blockades, Orders in Councd, the 
Napoleonic decrees of Berlin and Milan, nor into the 
•subject of our own Embargo Acts and others, passed in 
self defence. Suffice it to say that on the 19th of June, 
181 2, a state of war was proclaimed by President Madi- 
son as existing between the United States and Great 
Britain, and that the struggle lasted until the 24th of 
December two years later. 

The conditions which finally resulted m the rupture 
between the two countries had been peculiarly galling to 
the people at the East End. particularly the inexcusable 
policy of impressing American seamen pursued by Eng- 
land both in the War of the Revolution and in the suc- 
ceeding years. Between 1796 and 1802 the United 
States had found it necessary to demand through its 
agent in London, the release of 1940 American citizens 
who had been impressed by Great Britain and forced to 



18G HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

serve on her ships.* Not only the carrying trade, but 
the whahng industry of Sag Harbor had been rapidly in- 
creasing since the Revolution and Southampton's in- 
terest in the seas of the w^orld was becoming almost as 
great as in her fertile fields and abundant v\'oods. 

In the last chapter, we noted the impressment of a 
Sag Harbor lad, John Sawyer, but this was not an iso- 
lated case, and as they became more frequent and as the 
roll of husbands, fathers, and sons seized in foreign ports 
or on the high seas and forced to serve in the English 
ships became steadily longer, the exasperation of the 
people increased as steadily. J Lewis Osborne, of East 
Hampton, John Strong of Wainscott, Reuben Hedges, 
John Gann, Benjamin Miller and Joshua Penny are 
among the names which have come down to us of the 
men thus seized who had sailed from Sag Harbor, and 
of the last of these we have a complete account in a rare 
little pamphlet printed by Alden Spooner in 1815.! 

Born in Southold, Penny was apprenticed at the age 
of fourteen to Dr. John Gardiner, but wishing to go to 
sea, his indenture was cancelled at the end of the first 
year and he then shipped on various voyages to ports on 
the Atlantic coast, Guadaloupe, and the West Indies, 
spending a year also with the Indians in the interior of 
Georgia. He then sailed from Savannah to Cork, was 
in Ireland in 1798, sailed in an African slaver to Jamaica 
and was there impressed and forced to serve, with four 
other Americans, on the British frigate Alligator, which 
took him to England. There he was transferred to the 
sixty-four gun frigate Stately, which formed part of the 
squadron which sailed to the Cape of Good Hope and 
captured South Africa from the Dutch. No attention 
was paid to his "protection" as an American seaman and 
he was not allowed to communicate with an American 

* Cambridge Modern History, Vol. VII, p. 329. 

X The following is from the Long Island Herald of Apl. 19, 
1797; "The schooner Peggy, Stephen Hall, master, on his passage 
from Curacoa to this port was boarded by a British armed brig be- 
longing to Jamaica and had three of his men pressed. Capt. Hall 
was sick at the time, and was under the necessity of putting into 
Cape Nicola Mole, as he could not navigate his vessel home for 
want of hands." 

t Life and Adventures of Joshua Penny. The copy which I used 
is in the library of the Long Island Historical Society. 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 187 

consul. He was next forced to serve on land, escaped 
and went over to the Dutch, being recaptured at Cape 
Town and after being imprisoned as a deserter, was 
again impressed and served on various British ships of 
war, in one of which he was flogged until he fainted. 
Being ill, he was sent to the hospital at Table Mountain, 
whence he again escaped and lived alone in the wilds of 
the mountains for thirteen months, finally reaching Cape 
Town dressed in skins. At last, after many more adven- 
tures he reached Southold after an absence of eleven and a 
half years, burning with the desire to wreak vengeance 
of some sort upon his captors, and his attempt to do so 
will be noted later in the present chapter. 

Meanwhile, war, as the only alternative to passive 
submission had been looming steadily larger and in 1810 
the United States let the contract for building the old 
Arsenal in Sag Harbor, which stood on Union Street 
until demolished during the latter half of Cleveland's first 
administration.* 

War was declared in June,t and on July 13th Gov. 

* The contract was made June 15, 1810, between Henry P. Der- 
ing. Agent on the part of the U. S. for the fortifications at Sag 
Harbor and Henry B. Havens master mason and Ehab Byram mas- 
ter carpenter. The cost was $1810. The contract is given in the 
Express of Sept. 9, 1886. ,,.-0,1 n * 

t On June 27, 1812, Gen. Rose wrote to Maj. Blackwell, from 
Bridgehampton as follows: "Sir: in compliance with yours ot the 
18th inst. I would recommend Jeremiah Miller as Junior Major for 
the late detachment; as the Commander in Chief has assigned a 
Lt Col. from Gen'l Jackson's Brigade, thought it likely both Majors 
would be taken from my Brigade. If that should be thought ex- 
pedient I would also name Nathaniel Smith as first Major. 

"The number of men detached from my brigade is 290 including 
officers. Have arranged them into four companies and made the 
assignment as follows: . ^ ^r. j • 4-«„ 

"From Col. Wickham's Regt. 68 Non C. officers and privates. 
Officers assigned— Capt. David Hedges, Lt. David Hedges, Ens. 

Levi Howell. „ , . ^ \ ■ a 

"Col Moore's Regt. 66 Non C. officers and privates. Assigned— 
Cant. Noah Terrv, Lt. Jabez Corwin, Ens. Joshua Fleet. Col. bat- 
terlv's Regt. 65 Non C. officers and privates. Assigned— Capt John 
R. Satterlv, Lt. John Woodhull, Ens. Lewis Rich. Col. Floyd s 
Regt. 79 Non C. officers and privates. Assigned— Capt. John Vau, 
Lieut Samll. Skidmore, Fns. Theodorus Weeks ..." Rose Mss 
Throughout this chapter I quote much of the Rose naners as most 
of them have not before been prmted excent partiallv m the 11.x- 
pre-^s in various issues in 1886. The papers are m the possession 
of Mrs. J. B. Brown. 



1S8 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Tompkins wrote to Gen. Rose at Bridgehampton that 
"500 muskets, 500 setts of accoutrements, 1000 flints, 
loooo rounds of fixed ammunition, one Iron nine pound 
Cannon on Field Carriage with all needful apparatus, 
100 nine pound balls, 100 three pound balls, 6 quarter 
casks of powder and one coil of slowmatch" were being 
shipped to Sag Harbor.* A few days later he wrote to 
Maj. Gen. Stephens, asking him to dispense with the 
draft at that place as the soldiers there were "indispensable 
for the security of that exposed part of our Frontier" 
and should not be called to New York.f 

On August 26 a company of Foot Artillery was or- 
dered to Sag Harbor to protect the Arsenal and stores, 
while other troops were sent to various points on the 
East End for the defence of Suffolk County under the 
command of Gen. Rose of Bridgehampton. S 

On the 22nd of the following month a number of men 
who were exempt from military duty, living in Sag Har- 
bor and nearby, offered their services for the protection 
of the Harbor against invasion, and were formed into an 
Artillery Company by the state, with John Jermain as 
Captain, and Elisha Prior, Cornelius Sleight and Thomas 
Beebe, Lieutenants. § 

The week before. General Rose had issued Brigade 
Orders that the "com.pany of artillery commanded by 
Capt. Lodowick Post parade at Sag Harbor on Thurs- 
day the 24th inst., at 2 o'clock P. M. to be stationed at 
that port in such manner as may then be directed, for the 
protection of the arsenal and manning the cannon sta- 
tioned at that place. That the company of infan- 
try detached from Col. Wickham's regiment com- 
manded by Capt. David Hedges be stationed at 
Montauk on the same day- and that the com- 

* Tompkins Papers, Vol. Ill, p. 32. On Dec. 31 he wrote to H. P. 
Bering asking him to take charge of the government stores at the 
Harbor. Ibid, p. 217. 

t Tompkins Papers, Vol. III. p. 36. 

X Genl. Orders, Aug. 26, 1812. Tompkins Papers. Vol. I, p. 386. 
Gen. Rose was assigned to the 33d Brigade of Infantry Apl. 13, 
1812. Ibid, p. 626. He was born 1765 and died Aug. 22, 1843. He 
was a Presidential Elector in 1840, as Hugh Halsey was in 1844 and 
Judge A. T. Rose in 1848, all of Bridgehampton. 

§ General Orders, Tompkins Papers, Vol. I, p. 406. 




K 

be 
a 
m 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 189 

pany of infantry detached from Col. Aloore's regiment, 
commanded by Capt. Noah Terry be stationed at Oyster 
Ponds in the Town of Southold at the direction of Major 
B. Case, who is hereby authorized to procure such 
houses, parts of houses or barns for the accommodation 
of said conipan)' as may be necessary, with as httle in- 
convenience to the inhabitants as possible. "t 

The following summer the British fleet appeared in 
Gardiner's Bay. under command of Sir Thomas Hardy, 
a brave man and gallant gentleman, best known to most, 
perhaps, as the friend of Admiral Nelson, to whose com- 
mand he succeeded after the fatal wounding of the latter 
at the battle of Trafalgar. From the time of the first 
appearance of the fleet the danger of attack and invasion 
was ever present, and on May ist General Rose was or- 
dered by the Commander in Chief to call together the 
Field and StafT officers of the most easterly regiment 
and arrange alarm signals with them, places of rendez- 
vous in case of attack, to consider methods of arming 
the people and to take any other measures to repel in- 
vasion. Henry P. Dering was to have charge of the sig- 
nals at Sag Harbor in case a landing should be at- 
tempted at that place.* 

In accordance with General Orders received, Gen. 
Rose issued the following Brigade Orders, which de- 
scribe the precautions taken by him : 

"Bridgehampton, May 14th, 1813. 

"In pursuance of general orders of the 14th inst. the 
Brigadier General by and with the advice of the field and 
stafT officers of Col. Wickham's regiment, has adopted 
the followi-ng regulations in case of invasion or other 
emergency. 

"Upon approach of the enemy at Sas; Harbor in case 
no troops are there stationed, Henry P. Dering, Esq., 
will speedilv give notice to Gen'l. Rose and to Col. Wick- 
ham and \\ ill also give an alarm at Sag Harbor by caus- 
ing to be fired three minute guns and with the intermis- 
sion of three minutes to repeat the same which signals 
will be given in East Hampton under the direction of 

t Rose Mss. Dated BridRehamnton, Sept. 17, 1812. 
* General Orders, dated "Headquarters, Sags: Harbour, May 1st, 
1813." Tompkins Papers, Vol. I, p. 442. 



190 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Col. Wickham; in Bridgehampton by Mr. Stephen 
Sayre, and in Southampton by Maj. Foster. 

"If an invasion should happen at Montauk when no 
troops are stationed there, Mr. Elisha Parsons is di- 
rected to give notice to Col. Wickham, who will forward 
same at once and signals of alarm will be given. 

"Upon the signal of alarm or other notice of invas- 
ion, the companies composing and within the limits of 
Col. Wickham's regiment will immediately rally and re- 
pair to the following points, viz : Capt. Hand's and 
Capt. Scoy's companies at Col. Wickham's, Capt. L. 
Post's company of artillery, Capt. Jermain's company of 
exempts, and Capt. Huntting's company of infantry at 
the fort at Sag Harbor. Capt. Hedges', Capt. Halsey's 
and Capt. Rogers' companies at the regimental parade in 
Bridgehampton. Capt. S. Post's and Capt. Stephen's 
companies at Major Foster's, at which respective places 
they will receive such orders as may seem proper. In 
case there are troops stationed at any point invaded, 
the duty of giving notice and alarm will devolve on the 
commandant of the station. 

"It is further directed that every man subject to do 
military duty be furnished and equipped according to 
law, and will hold himself in readiness at a moment's 
warning to take the field " 

Henry P. Bering, as noted above, had been placed in 
charge of government property at the Harbor subject to 
the General's orders, and the dangers existing with 
Hardy's fleet cruising in the Bay are described in the 
following letter : 

"Port of Sag Harbor 
June 3d 181 3. 
Brigadier Genl. Rose, 

Sir: You have probably heard before this reaches 
you, or will on its receipt learn by Capt. Huntting the 
bearer that the enemy landed yesterday at Gardiner's Is- 
land and took off a number of head of cattle. That a 
number of their ships now remain laying ofT Gardiner's 
Point. 

"In this situation and near approach of the enemy 
without even a sins^le sentinel to give an alarm in this 




.S 

Pi 

si 




« 



HISTORY OF THE TOMN OF SOUTHAMPTON 191 

place Mr. H. Gelston and myself and others are decid- 
edly of the opinion that the arms and munitions of war 
deposited at this place are not safe and that it would 
be proper to have them immediately removed further 
back to some more secure place that they not be so ex- 
posed. 

"I believe there is scarcely a family in this village but 
what have removed more or less of their most valuable 
effects, and I do not think that the public property 
should much longer remain here when private property 

is thought insecure 

1 am, Sir, verv respectfully, 

H. P. DERING." 

A week later June 12, the General wrote to Mr. Ber- 
ing that "we are at present in a very disagreeable situa- 
tion, the enemy very plenty in our waters (eight ships 
m number yesterday), have taken cattle and sheep from 
Gardiner's Island, have been on Montauk twice for wood 
and water and have taken ten cattle . . . our militia, 
even our most easterly regiments is scattered from twelve 
to fifty miles from Montauk, it will be seen that in one 
quarter of the time necessary to get the militia there, 
the enemy can easily effect their purpose and be off . . . 
the ships can at any time cover their landing .... I 
am, however, confident that my duty is to use every 
means in my power to prevent the enemy from obtaining 
supplies ... It seems the British left pay for what they 
took, which I consider a bad thing as it has a tendency 
to cool our patriotism* . . . Sag harbor is also very 

* The following two letters from Capt. Hardy cover this point: 

— 1— 
"His Brittanick Majesty's Ship Ramillies, off 
Gardiner's Island, 24, August 1813. 
"Sir — I have to request you will inform the inhabitants of Oyster 
ponds that I desire they will supply the squadron under my com- 
mand with 12 live oxen which I will send for tomorrow morning, 
and I will pay the regular price for them, and I trust they will 
not oblige roe to take them by force. 

"I have also to beg you will inform Mr. Hubbard of your town, 
that I have been made acquainted with his opposition to my wishes 
to consider the Oyster ponds inhabitants as neutral, and advise 
him to be more guarded in his conduct. 

"I have the honor to be. Sir your obedient humMe servant. 
Joseph Terry Esq., T. M. HARDY, Capt. 

Justice of the Peace, Oyster ponds. 



192 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

much exposed. Barges from the ships about Gardiner's 
Bay coming up in the night might destroy the whole 
port before assistance could be had. The people are 
much agitated ..." 

To this, Mr. Dering and Cornelius Sleight replied 
that they would order out a hundred men as soon as 
possible and would distribute arms to them though they 
wish they might be furnished with two hundred "as 
that number in all probability will not be sufficient in 
case of attack, or make a successful resistance should 
they approach us with the numbers we are justified to 
expect."* In reply to this appeal, Gen. Rose despatched 
a company of artillery under Capt. Post and a company 
of Infantry under Capt. Hedges to take their station at 
the Harbor,! anticipating Gov. Tompkins' order of the 
29th to take into the U. S. service a. company of 100 men 
for the defence of Sag Harbor or other places. $ 

A fort had been erected on Turkey Hill, and tradi- 
tion states that a 19 pounder was mounted there, but in 
reality the town did lie very much at the mercy of the 
foe and the alarm of its inhabitants was not unjustified. 
''Many and many a time", wrote an eye witness of these 
events, "both day and night the alarm would be given 
'the British are coming'. Then the wagons would be 
brought to take the women and children off in the oak 
timber, to stay until the cannon balls fired from the fort 
and wharf by our brave soldiers sent them back. I shall 
never forget that six weeks one summer all the women 

— 2— 

Ramillies off New London 
16 January, 1814. 
"Sir — Having returned to this anchorage I take the opportunity 
by a flag of truce to transmit to you thirteen dollars and 28 cents 
which the purser of his majesty's ship under my command is in- 
debted to the persons from whom we received bullocks in August 
la^t, as will appear by the enclosed statement, and which I request 
you will be pleased to give them. I have the honor to be, sir, your 
most obedient, humble servant 

T M. HARDY, Capt. 
Joseph Terry Esq. Chief Magistrate, Oyster Pond." 
* Letter of June 14. 1813. They also suggest stationing a guard 
boat at Cedar Island to give warning. 

t Letter of Gen. Rose to Gov. Tompkins dated Smith Town, June 
18. 1813. 

% Tompkins Papers, Vol. HI, p. 332. 



w 



td 



H 



B 




HISTORY OF THE TOU'N OF SOlTHAMFTOiS 193 

and children never undressed at night, but lay down 
with their clothes on, through fear of the foreign foe on 
the bay".* 

On July II, 1813, the much dreaded attack in force 
finally took place, resulting, however, in the complete 
discomfiture of the British. Gen. Rose's official report 
gives, undoubtedly, the most accurate description of 
the encounter. 

"Bridgehampton, 11 July 1813. 

"Sir — About 2 o'clock this morning, five barges from 
the British squadron came and made an attack upon Sag 
Harbor, took three vessels, set fire to one, but met with 
a reception so warm and spirited from our Militia there 
stationed,! who are entitled to much credit, as also many 
citizens of the place, that they abandoned their object 
and made a very precipitate retreat. They threw some 
shot almost to the extreme part of the place, but for- 
tunately no lives were lost or injury done| except to the 
vessels which they had in possession, one of which was 
bored through and through by an i8-lb. shot from the 
Fort. It is probable the enemy must have sufi^ered, as 
they departed in such confusion as to leave some of their 
arms and accoutrements. 

"If we had not had men stationed there, the place 
might and probably would have been destroyed. We are 
apprehensive of another attack with increased force. 
Have ordered two more companies down for the present. 
Our militia were alarmed but could not arrive in time 
to be of service . . . " || 

* Letter from Mrs. Beaumont, given in Mulford, Sketch of Dr. 
Sage, p. 77. 

t Mr. A. M. Cook stated that Col. David Haines was in command 
of the garrison at the time of the attack. See Memorials, pp. 146 
et seq. 

t No lives were lost in fighting on Long Island in the War of 
1812, and only one prisoner was taken— Joshua Penny. N. Y. and 
Vicinity during War of 1812. Vol. 1, p. 293. 

II A letter to Col. Wickham, July 13, 1813, states that "Sunday 
last" he directed that one third of the companies under Capts. 
Post. Haines, Howell and Ste. Hedges be immediately detached and 
ordered to Sag Harbor. On July 12, Gen. Izard wrote from New 
York to Gen. Rose "I have reason to hope that the marauding party 
v/hich attempted Sag Harbor will be cut off before they reach their 
ships. At any rate, should they renew the attack and the stores 
arrive, as I hope in time, the intrepidity with which they were 



194 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

The attack feared did not materialize, however, and 
the above was apparently the only serious one made 
upon the port. Tradition yields seemingly authentic 
stories of minute men hurrying to the Harbor and tak- 
ing part in the fight, but the official report distinctly 
states that the battle took place at 2 A. M. and that no 
minute men arrived in time to be of use. There may 
have been other brushes with the enemy, but that this 
was the only serious one is also proved by a letter writ- 
ten to a New York paper and dated Sag Harbor, July 
ID, 1814, which says, "This day twelve month was. the 
last time and first that the enemy visited us. They are 
permitted to come ashore and get whatever they choose 
within ten or twelve miles of us. The officer and crews 
of their war vessels are daily feasting on the rich pro- 
duct of the American soil and at a liberal price".* 

The year, however, was not without its interest on 
the waters of the Bay.| When the war broke out. Penny 
vv^as running a little coasting vessel, which he at once 
sold and returned to his home at Three Mile Harbor in 
order, as he said "to avail myself of the first opportunity 
of doing mischief to those who had so long tortured me". 
Commodore Decatur was blockaded in New London 
harbor, and Penny having secured an interview with 
him, arranged to pilot a force of small boats over to Gar- 
diner's Island and capture some of the British officers 
there, which was successfully accomplished on the night 
of July 26, 1813, Penny returning to Three Mile Harbor 
in his own boat. From that time on he was engaged in 
what was then a novel form of warfare, and which, in 
view of the submarine question in our present world war 
is not without interest. 

lately received, is a pledge of what they must expect from our 
brave countrymen on Long Island". 

On the same day Gov. Tompkins v^^rote to Gen. Izard: "The 
County of Suffolk is imminently exposed at present & you will 
pardon me for urging your attention to that part of the frontier 
under your command, & for suggesting the propriety of calling 
cut at least an hundred additional men for its defense." Tompkins 
Papers, Vol. Ill, p. 334. 

* Quoted in Guenrsey, Vol. I, p. 292. 

t And on waters further distant. Two of the apprentice boys on 
Capt. Paul Jones' ship the Ranger were from Sag Harbor, Jas. 
Ricker and Reuben Ricker. Buell, Paul Jones, Vol. II, p. 340. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN Ut SOUTHAMPTON 195 

A citizen of Norwich had invented a submersible, ap- 
parently of a crude type, which could go three miles an 
hour. For some years preceding the war, experiments 
had been made with torpedoes, and this particular in- 
ventive genius actually succeeded in getting underneath 
the flagship Raniillies and nearly completed fastening 
one to her hull, when his drill broke and he was discov- 
ered.* However, he effected his escape and a number 
of other attempts were made to blow up Hardy's ship 
with these new weapons. Penny enlisted for one of 
these efforts but on the 20th of August he was surprised 
at his house while in bed, and taken prisoner on board 
the Ramillies. Hardy had been made so nervous by the 
repeated attempts to blow him up, that Penny said 
while he was held a prisoner on her, the Captain had 
her bottom sw^ept every two hours night and day, to 
keep off "the d — d Yankee barnacles". 

Penny always claimed that he was betrayed into the 
hands of the British by a certain man from Sag Har- 
bor, who owed him a grudge, and who thus he said, 
"sold his country for a penny". This apparently was 
true, and has contemporary confirmation by Dr. Sage 
and others. Capt. John Fowler, a prisoner on board the 
Ramillies, wrote of Penny's capture and treatment as 
follows: "On the 21st, a sloop from Sag Harbor came 
to anchor a little way from the shipping; the captain 
came on board and went on shore with an officer and 
showed the said officer Mr. Penny's house, and told him 
Mr. Penny was coming off with a torpedo to blow up the 
ship the first opportunity. That night a boat's crew, 
with the first lieutenant went on shore and brought Mr. 
Penny on board with his shirt torn off his back; he was 
put in irons in a place where he could see no daylight, 
on a small allowance of bread and water; he asked for a 
little salt, but it was not allowed him, nor was he al- 
lowed a book to read. The aboA^e sloop left Sag Harbor 
on the 20th". t 

Maj. Benj. Case, commanding the U. S. troops at the 
Harbor sent a demand by Lt. Hedges, under a flag of 

* Guernsey, V. I. p. 282. 
+ Guernsey, Vol. I, p. 282. 



196 HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

truce, to Capt. Hardy on the 23rd demanding Penny's 
release as a non combatant, to which that officer very 
properly replied that the statement was contrary to fact, 
giving an accurate summary of Penny's activities, say- 
ing that he had "received certain information that this 
man conducted a detachment of boats, sent from the 
U. S. squadron under the command of Commodore De- 
catur, now lying in New London from that port to Gar- 
diner's Island on the 26th of July last, for the express 
purpose of surprising and capturing the Captain of H. 
B. M's. frigate Orpheus and myself, and having failed 
in that undertaking but making prisoners of some of- 
ficers and men belonging to the Orpheus, he went with 
the remaining boats to Three Mile Harbor. The next 
account I had of him was his being employed in a boat 
contrived for the purpose, under the command of 
Thomas Welling, prepared with a torpedo to destroy 
this ship, and that he was on her at Napeag Beach when 
this ship and the Orpheus were in Fort Pond Bay last 
week. He had also a certificate given him on the i8th 
of this month, by some of the respectable inhabitants of 
East Hampton, recommending him to Commodore De- 
catur as a fit person to be employed in a particular ser- 
vice by him . . .".$ He adds other particulars to show 
that Penny was not a civilian, and enclosed a copy of his 
letter to Joseph Terry in regard to the torpedo attempts, 
which he characterized as "a mode of warfare practised 
by individuals from mercenary motives and more novel 
than honorable", adding, "I beg you to warn the inhab- 
itants of the Towns along the coast of Long Island that 
wherever I hear this boat or any other of her descrip- 
tion has been allowed to remain after this day, I will 
order every house near the shore to be destroyed". 

Penny was sent as a prisoner to Halifax, but about 
nine months later was released, and returned home. 
Meanwhile, efforts had been continued to perfect the tor- 
pedo craft, and Dr. Sage thus describes one completed at 
Penny's return, in a letter of July 24th. 1814. "It is upon 
an entire new construction, cost $1500 and was projected 

t Given in the Penny pamphlet, in Guernsey, and the L, I. Star 
Sept. 8, 1813. 



p 

SB 

o 



w 







HISTORY Ot THE TOUN OF WUTHAMFTOiS 197 

by an ingenious artist in New York at the expense of a 
few private gentlemen, and is, I think better calculated 
to effect its object than any hitherto attempted. It is 
a bomb proof thing and calculated to go boldly up to a 
74 in the daytime and blow her up. The boat will con- 
tain about lo men, a small part of which is above water and 
of the thickness of 4 or 5 feet of timber and iron bars, 
she is kept upright by a cast iron keel weight 1500 is 
propelled by a spiral oar at the rate they say of 4 miles 
an hour. The contrivance of keeping off boarders and 
exploding their powder under the bottom of the ship 
is very ingenious and quite original".* 

"The first time the attempt was made to use the new 
craft, however, a heavy storm came up and drove her on 
the rocks. The British getting information of the at- 
tempt and the disaster, despatched two frigates, which 
as soon as they got within gunshot of the shore opened 
a most tremendous fire upon the poor boat, and good 
old Deacon Mulford's house who together with his fam- 
ily were 3 or 4 miles oft" at church. Under this fire they 
landed about 100 sailors and marines who soon drove 
about a dozen Militiamen who had been firing at them 
into the woods, and then went to the deacon's house 
which stood near the beach and was badly battered with 
their cannon balls, and after robbing it of 2 or 300 
dollars in clothing, breaking the clock and looking 
glasses, destroying the furniture, doors and windows, 
proceeded to make war upon his sheep, poultry and pigs, 
of the former they carried off about 30 and many of the 
latter. They then went on board and returned to their 
anchorage. Thus ended the Torpedo war".t 

Dr. Sage added that "poor Penny is quite inconsol- 
able for the death of his poor torpedo, but they have 
promised him another". He went to live in Sag Harbor, 
but as far as I know there was no further effort to mo- 
lest the Ramillies, and the torpedo war was indeed over. 
Nor is there anything more of interest to record in re- 
gard to operations during the remainder of hostilities. 
On Jan. 8, 1814, we find the Adjutant General hasten- 

* Mulford, Sketch, p. 69. 

+ Letter of Dr. Sage in Mulford, Sketch, p. 69. 



li)S HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ing reinforcements "in consequence of the imminent 
danger of the Invasion of Sagg Harbourf" and an old 
diary of a Bridgehampton resident, under date of June 
26 indicates renewed fighting,! but the real sufferings of 
the war were now those entailed by the destruction of 
commerce and the closing of the seas to a port which 
lived only by its shipping. Before the end of the war, of 
the twenty or twenty-five vessels which sailed regularly 
from Sag Harbor in the coasting trade, but three or four 
remained. Others had been burned, captured and taken 
to Halifax as prizes, or else so frequently ransomed that 
the owners had no money left with which to employ 
them and they were rotting in the creeks. The people, 
except a few, had not been rich before the war, and all 
had gained their livelihood in more or less dependence 
upon the shipping trade of the" little port. Many of the 
young men left the place in seach of a living elsewhere, 
and the circumstances of those who remained were poor 
apd wreched until Christmas Day of 1814 brought them 
as a gift the peace declared the preceding day, ending, 
let us hope for all time strife between the two great sec- 
tions of the Anglo-Saxon race, today, more than a cen- 
tury later, again engaged in war, but as Allies in a com- 
mon cause. 

t Tompkins Papers, Vol. I, p. 474, The following letter is also 
of local interest in this connection. 

Easthampton, May 2, 1814. 

Sir: I herewith send you the names of the men detached from 
the regiment under my command for the defence of Sag Harbor. I 
should have sent you before but I did not receive the returns from 
the companies until I applied to Capt. Hains yesterday. 

ISAAC WICKHAM, Lt. Col. 
Henry Topping, Serj. Josiah Goodale, Jr. 

Jonathan Cood, do John I. Foster 

Job Hedges, Corp. Francis Sayer 

William Corwith fr. Christopher Jagger 

Charles Lester priv, George Ranor 

Charles Topping Isaac Sayre 

Luther Sayre Peleg Roggers 

Peter Payn John Fordham 

Henry Parker Miller King 

Judah Smith Stephen Conklin 

Stenhen Jagger Nathaniel Miller 

Phineas M. Cooper Eleazer Miller 

Daniel Jennings J^rpmiah Talmage 

John Fanning, jr. John Gann, Jr. 

John Dayton 

J Memorials, p. 146. '. 



Xfl 

IT? 




CHAPTER X 
EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY 

After the close of the war narrated in the last 
chapter, peace settled upon the villages of the East End, 
and the people resumed their simple, frugal life to be 
unbroken by the alarms of battle for nearly fifty years, 
the Mexican War passing, apparently unnoticed. 

That life, although no longer subject to all the hard- 
ships and dangers of the early frontier, was still very 
simple and primitive when judged by even the local 
Southampton standards of today. "Nothing," wrote 
Judge Hedges * of his childhood, "was bought that 
could be made at home. The spinning wheel was con- 
stantly running and carried in visits to neighbors. 

Winter, cold, cheerless, shivering winter tried soul 
and body. I remember the one fire on the hearth of a 
cold, dark morning, so cold that a blanket hung from 
the hooks in the wall, encircled the family and fire as an 
additional protection from the cold. . . . The sim- 
plest, cheapest diet satisfied the appetite. . . . The 
family meal was eaten from wooden trenchers or pewter 
plates and platters with the smallest possible allowance 

* Judge Hedges, whose valuable writings on East End history 
are well known, was born at Wainscott, Oct. 13, 1817; moved to 
East Hampton 1831; attended Clinton Academy; grad. Yale 1838; 
attended Yale Law School 1839; lived Sag Harbor 1843-54, when 
moved to Bridge Hampton; died Sept. 26, 1911; was Member 
State Assembly 1852; Dist. Atty. Suffolk County 1861-4; County 
Judge and Surrogate 1865-70 and 1873-80. He was historical ora- 
tor at the 200th anniversary of the founding of East Hampton and 
also at the 250th. 



200 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

of tin and crockery ware. . . . The old sat, the 
young stood, around the breakfast table. A dish of meat 
cut in pieces ready for eating was in the middle of the 
table. All hands broke the Johnny cake in small pieces 
and with the fork dipped it in the gravy held in the meat 
dish, and occasionally speared out a piece of meat in the 
same way. It was a cold, frugal, hard, narrow, severe 
winter life." * 

Caps, hats, shoes, clothes, linen, wool, candles, in 
fact almost the entire range of personal and household 
goods were produced in the villages themselves, if not, 
indeed, in the individual homes within them, much as 
described in the earher days. As to the candles, it was 
only later, though when they were still made at home 
that they were even moulded, and many of the older resi- 
dents here are still familiar with the method of "dip- 
ping." t 

Flax wheels, wool reels and other such mstruments 
were part of every girl's outfit when married, and in the 
schools of that day not only did the girls embroider 
samplers, but the very cotton or linen on which they 
sewed was also woven by them. 

Clothes seem frequently to have been made outside 
of the home, beginning about this period, but only of 
materials supphed by the customer. In 1791, for ex- 
ample, Silas Raymond, tailor, advertised that he was 
carrying on his business next door to the printing office 
in Sag Harbor, and ch arged as follows: For a "full suit, 

* Hedges, Hist, of East Hampton, p. 19. , , „ • 

t Mr. Stephen Hedges of Sagaponack, gives me the followmg 
description of the process: "When a boy I often assisted my mother 
at that business and will describe the process as follows: Every 
family was supposed to have a sett of candle rods wliich consisted of 
say 24 oak rods %xl4 inches; upon these rods wick yarn cut twice 
the length of a candle was doubled over and then twisted with the 
fingers, four on each rod. Then two straight poles were placed 
about eight inches apart on chair seat at either end, then the tallow 
was melted in an iron kettle, say 14 inches deep, and the work of 
dipping began. Two sticks were taken in the hand at once and the 
wick of yarn was immersed in the melted tallow, then hung upon 
the wooden rack to cool. After two or three dips the wicks were 
again twisted by the fingers and the dipping was resumed until the 
candles assumed the proper proportions. As the tallow became 
lowered in the kettles warm water was added to keep the tallow at 
its proper height so that the candles would be entirely immersed." 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 201 

coat vest and breeches in the newest fashion" 18 shill- 
ino-s'- "for a common plain ditto" 16 shilhngs; for a 
mat coat, 8 shiUings; for a "sea coat." 4 shilhngs 6 
pence, and so on. * As if these prices were not moderate 
enough, White & Hedges, of Bridgehampton, m 1818 
after advertising their "Clothier's establishment and 
suggesting that "those who wish an early turn would do 
well to forward their cloth soon or leave it at the usual 
places," add that "most kinds of produce will be taken in 

payment." f , , 

Although some had clocks yet there was an hour 
glass in every house, and in many there was a sun 
mark" on some window sill to mark noon. Cooking 
was still done over the open hearth fire, and baking in a 
brick oven built into the side of the chimney. Agricul- 
ture was as yet carried on by the old methods and with 
little use of fertilizer or care for the land except the few 
acres near home. The sheep of the villagers were 
looked after by a jointly appointed shepherd and grazed 
along the highways. On Saturday nights he would go 
home until Monday, and for the sake of the fertihzer 
people would bid against each other for the privilege of 
carino- for the flock over Sunday, which custom lasted 
well tnto the nineteenth century. Every pond, even 
though on private property, had a fence down to it from 
the highway so that the cattle or stock pastured there 
could get down to drink. $ . c ^u ^Q^u 

At the close of the 18th and beginning of the 19th 
century much of the labor was still done by slaves and 
there were manv yet held in the Town, though manu- 
mission was becoming frequent. From scattered Long 
Island advertisements we learn that they sometimes 
wore iron collars with their master's name on them, 
ri784) and were also branded on arms, breasts or other 
parfs of the body, (1771 and 1780). "Scotch bonnets- 
seem to have been_aJavoriteJieadgear^vith_them^^s^ 

"T^^^othh^^am^ong Island Herald, June 7, 1791. 

I TWear ml^'mus" have^'been a terrible one for fanners 
fo? Trafn fell on L^nglsland or in New York City from early 
[rMayrtil November.^ This is recorded as the most remarkable 
drought l^nown in this country. Furman, Antiquities, p. 91. 



202 HISTORY OF THE TOff'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

an advertisement of 1767, which after offering $10 re- 
ward, recites that there "ran away from Robert Pike- 
man, Long Island, a stout, well-made negro, James, who 
speaks very much after the New England manner. He 
had on a Scots bonnet, blue jacket and has often tried to 
go to sea." His costume, at least, seems to have been 
well adapted for swimming. In 1791, Lemuel Peirson of 
Southampton, advertised for a negro man, who "had on 
when he went away a snuff-colored great coat, white 
plush breeches, blue yarn stockings ; one leg somewhat 
shorter than the other; about 4^ feet high, Africa 
born, spoke very broken." It was also stated that this 
youthful runaway was between 90 and 100 years old. * 

Not only were the clothes of that day homespun 
and simple but so also were the pleasures and diversions. 
Travel, except upon business or urgent necessity, was 
indulged in by but few and very little came in from the 
outside world to afford amusement or entertainment. 
Today there is hardly a hamlet in the land so small or 
remote but what, within reasonable distance, there is a 
motion picture theatre to yield inexpensive diversion. 
Railroads, automobiles, phonographs, daily papers, 
cheap magazines, all give opportunity of moving about, 
of hearing and seeing new things on the part of even the 
poorest people that were utterly beyond the power of 
the rich to purchase a century ago. The result may 
seem somewhat depressing at times to those who wish 
to believe hopefully in democracy, but that the mental 
life of the people today is far more active than a hundred 
years back cannot be doubted, I think, nor is our public 
life upon a lower plane. 

Occasionally some travelling troupe of one sort 
or another did reach even the remote East End villages, 
and in 1798 in Sag Harbor, Messrs. "Moulthrop and 
Street respectfully inform the Ladies and Gentlemen of 

* Frothingham's L. I. Herald, June 7, 1791. Another ad- 
vertisement of a Southampton runaway is dated 1773 (N. Y. 
Gazette), "$10 Reward. Ran away from John Foster, Southampton, 
in February, a negro man, Gush, this country born, a very plausible 
fellow and probably has forged a pass. He wore a red blaize shirt, 
blue milled cap and blue outside jacket. He stole several articles 
of European goods and money from his master." 




Methodist Church, Bridgehampton 



HJSTUKr OF THE TOlVN Uf SOLTHAMn'UN l!03 

this town and its vicinity, that their New Exhibition of 
Wax Figures will be opened this day, at the House of 
Capt. Daniel Fordham. This Exhibition consists of 
twenty figures as large as life, among which are the 
following characters : 

"1st. John Adams, President of the United States. 

"2nd. David going forth against Gohath with a 
sling and a stone. The figure of the Giant is truly ma- 
jestic with his Coat of Mail and Implements of war. 
This is allowed to be one of the greatest curiosities ever 
represented in Wax. 

"3d. A striking emblem of Virtue and Vice, in 
which Virtue is represented by a Seraphim, with two 
beautiful Children looking upward in pleasing Devotion, 
and Vice by a Card Party affrighted by a Demon. 

"4th. Maternal Devotion. 

"5th. Connecticut Beauty. 

"6th. Tom Thumb, Esq., or the New England 
Dwarf, taken from the life. 

"7th. The Rustic Courtship. 

"8th. Mungo disciplined by his Master. 

"9th. A Bloody Contest between two Indian 
Chiefs. 

"10th. Cuffee in High Life." 

One cannot but wonder whether the young Ford- 
hams, when they went to bed that night, had dreams of 
the "bloody contest between two Indian Chiefs" being 
so strangely enacted in their home downstairs, while 
one's mind lingers in pleasant speculation over the po- 
tential charms of the Connecticut Beauty and the glories 
of Goliath. One cannot also but shrewdly suspect that 
the extra consumption of wax entailed in the making of 
a giant may, on strict business principles, have ac- 
counted for the presence of the offsetting dwarf. * 

The great day in all the villages was, of course, the 
Fourth of July, characterized by the unlimited flowing 
of oratory and other matters. In Sag Harbor, early in 
the century, on the preceding afternoon, the big cannon 

* L. I. Herald, June 4, 1798. In the thirties (burned Aug. 11, 
1838) there was a hall and nuiseum in Sag Harbor about where 
Lyon & Sherwood's s Lore no\^ stands. 



204 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

would be taken out of the Arsenal and drawn to the top 
of Sleight's Hill by a crowd of men and boys, and the 
sunset gun fired from it. At midnight the bell in the old 
school house of 1788 was rung, and at dawn thirteen 
shots were fired from the cannon. At ten o'clock, a pro- 
cession would start from Fordham's Tavern headed by 
the clergy followed by the orator of the day, the Com- 
mittee of Arrangements, f militia and citizens. In the 
Presbyterian Church a large pine tree, garlanded with 
flowers and called the liberty tree,* would be placed on 
the platform, and the church otherwise decorated. The 
exercises usually consisted in singing an ode, prayers, 
reading the Declaration of Independence, the Oration 
and the singing of another closing ode. Then came the 
public dinner at the tave*"n and after that the drinking 
of innumerable toasts, each of which was announced to 
the community at large by the firing of the cannon on 
Sleight's Hill and a smaller brass one on Turkey Hill. X 
The list of toasts in 1812 probably gives a fair sample of 
this part of the day's entertainment. There were eight- 
een official toasts proposed and drunk, followed by sev- 
eral "volunteer" ones. They began with "the day we 
celebrate — may the declaration of the 4th of July, '76, 
continue in force till time is no more and the execrations 
of all freemen fall on the heads of those who wish to de- 
stroy it," followed by "the memory of the immortal 
Washington," Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Gov. 
Tompkins, Ebenezer Sage, the Army, "our little Navy," 
the Constitution, "Montgomery. Warren, Mercer, 
Green, Gates, Wayne and the host of martyrs and he- 
roes," etc., "prosperity to the interests of science, agri- 
culture, manufactures and commerce," American liberty, 
members of both houses of Congress, the memory of the 
heroes who fell on the banks of the Wabash, (heroes 

t This committee was made up of the leading men in each 
community, that of 1801 in Sag Harbor, for example, consisting of 
John Jermain, Benj. Huntting, Thos. P. Ripley, Silas Howell, Jesse 
Hedges, H. P. Bering, Sam'l H. Rose, Abm. Miller and Jona. Dayton. 

* The L. I. Star of Jan. 9, 1799, has the item that a liberty 
tree was planted at Bridgehampton followed by the drinking of 
"spirited toasts." The toast of that day could always be counted 
upon to be "spirited." 

X Recollections of an old Inhabitant, Miss M. E. Stanton, Sag 
Harbor Hist. Soc. Paper, Dec, 1899. 







o 



HISTUKY Ut THE TO UN Ot SOI THAN! FTUN 205 

were, perhaps, falling by this time at Fordham's !), the 
Volunteers, and the fair daughters of Columbia. % The 
fact that the last alone elicited no cheers was, we must 
chivalrously hope, due solely to exhaustion. 

The celebrations in the other villages were much 
the same in character, those in Bridgehampton having a 
special interest from the story of the old cannon used 
there. During the War of 1812, one of the British ships 
actively employed in the Sound was the sloop-of-war 
Sylph, 22 guns, Capt. Dickens, with a crew of 121 men 
and 12 officers. A fortnight after peace was declared, 
while cruising ofif the south shore, she lost her bearings 
in a snow storm on the night of Jan. 16-17, 1815, and 
went ashore ofT Shinnecock Point. Early in the morn- 
ing of the 17th, Nathan White of Wickapogue discovered 
her, gave the alarm and soon the volunteer rescuers 
were gathered on the beach. It was still snowing fur- 
iously, the wind blowing a gale, while the surf was high 
and the temperature bitterly low. It seemed impossible 
to get a boat through the breakers, but by afternoon it 
was evident that the sloop was fast going to pieces. 
Finally a life boat was manned and succeeded in reach- 
ing the vessel which had capsized, and which then had 
(jnly one officer and five men still clinging to her, the rest 
having all perished. * The son of one of the witnesses 
to the tragedy said that his father used to tell of how he 
saw a spar with men lashed to it, coming ashore through 
the breakers with twelve pairs of frozen legs sticking up 
in the air. f 

X L. I. Star, July, 1812. 

* A letter from the Secretary of the English Admiralty to the 
Suffolk County Hist. Soc. stated that out of a crew of 121 at least 
115 were lost, including Capt. Dickens. A contemporary diary 
says there were 117 men on board and 111 lost. A. M. Cook in Ex- 
press, Feb. 29, 1912. Mr. Edward H. Foster tells me that his grand- 
father, James Foster, was a witness of the tragedy and related that 
about 21 of the bodies floated ashore about opposite Sugar Loaf, 
and were buried in the cliffs in the vicinity of that hill. 

t Of the men who made the rescue, the names of only two 
have come down to us, Sylvanus R'aynor and Ephraim White. Mr. 
Wm. Barclay Parsons of New York is a grandson of the' only 
English officer saved that day. The wreck is commemorated by a 
tablet in St. Andrews' Dune Church, Southampton, the border of 
the tablet and the wheel above it being made of the red cedar of the 



206 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Stephen Sayre of Bridgehampton succeeded in get- 
ting one of the ship's guns and took it to that village, 
where its home for many years was on the Triangular 
Common. It was this gun which was always used on 
the Fourth of July, as well as often being taken about to 
serenade newly married couples in their homes. It has 
several times been spiked by people who had been an- 
noyed by its activities and once, on a visit to Southamp- 
ton, it was partly blown up, but in spite of all vicissi- 
tudes, the old gun is still in existence and use, having 
remained the plaything of the village for more than a 
century. % 

A\'recks have always been frequent on the south' 
shore but until after the middle of the century there was 
no organized life-saving service, all rescues being made 
by volunteer crews, f 

"Every garret," wrote Mrs. \A'hite, * speaking of 
Southampton in her childhood and earlier, "held its spy 
glass on a way-high handy beam, and every scuttle 
was a look-out frequently visited. I f anything unusual 

vessel. Many fence posts in the village were also made from the 
same wood as was the horse block at Mrs. Henry Herrick's. A book 
with Capt. Dickens name in it was also preserved and his old 
leather trunk with a brass plate on top inscribed "Capt. Henry 
Dickens, 34th Regiment" is in the home of Mrs. Hubert "White. 

% At one time Mr. Esterbrook owned it and had it mounted on 
wheels on his lawn; then Mr. Worth had it on his. For a longer 
account of its local story see Memorials, pp. 236-40. 

t About the middle of the century the Humane Society erected 
a house (later moved to Peter's Pond) opposite the present station 
at Bridgehampton, but the keeper alone received a salary. The ser- 
vice was taken over by the Federal Govt, in 1872. At that time the 
keeper was Samuel Hildreth, since when the Captains have been 
Baldwin Cook, 1872-86; John N. Hedges, Apr. 1, 1886-Mar. 1, 1915; 
E. F. Stephens, Mar. 1-15, 1915, (retired); Edward Arnold, Mar. 1, 
1915, to date. In Southampton Chas. White was in charge of an 
earlier station and v/as Capt. in the Federal service 1873-78; 
Nelson Burnett, 1878-1915; J. H. Topping acting keeper 5 months 
in 1915; Wm. S. Bennett acting keeper till July 1, 1916, and Capt. 
from that date. In Jan., 1915, the service was changed to the 
Coast Guard, forming part of the Revenue cutter service instead of 
the Civil. Requirements for enlisting are, age 18-45, ability to 
read and write, and expertness in swimming. Men over 64, or 
after 30 years in the service, receive a pension of % of th?ir salary 
at the tim.e of their retirement. Chas H. Church of the Mecox Sta- 
tion lost his life Dec, 1903, when crossing the seapoose while on 
patrol . 

* Mrs. E. P. WTiite, paper read before the Colonial Society of 
Southampton, 1914. 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 207 

was sighted along shore — a ship in peril or a whale — the 
family horn was blown, which signal the next neighbor 
passed on. In this way a rally was raised and the l)each 
soon peopled with volunteers ready for any emergency. 
Well we remember the old pewter horn, which, with his 
gun, hung high in Grandfather's kitchen, too high in- 
deed for the meddling of small intruders. We remem- 
ber, too, as a great favor being allowed to have a try at 
blowing it, but as the horn was four feet long and its 
blow the ecjual of its size, it required more knack than 
our youthful propensities in that line could muster. At 
the sound of the rally, every man left his plow or his 
trowel, his shop or his sermon, as we do today at the 
sound of the fire siren, and made for the beach." 

Among other wrecks of the first half of the century 
may be mentioned an unnamed vessel, which has come 
down in tradition as the "Gunpowder Ship," and which 
came ashore the year after the Sylph, taking fire off 
Southampton beach. She had on board 900 kegs of gun- 
powder belonging to the Government, and just as the 
small boat reached the shore, the ship blew up with a 
terrific explosion which carried the main chain over onto 
Halsey's Neck. The cargo also consisted of woolens, 
which were washed up along the beach and shopping 
for underwear and mittens that winter was much simpli- 
fied. In 1820 the Helen, bound from France to New 
York, was wrecked, the crew being saved but all of the 
officers and passengers lost, f To this period also be- 
long the Lucy Ellen, lost at Ouogue in 1830, the Susan, 
an Irish emigrant ship, all lives being saved, and the 
Louis Phillippc, (1842) a French ship from Bordeaux, 
which went on the beach at Mecox. Although no lives 
were lost and the vessel was eventually saved by the 
wreckers, it is of special interest on account of the me- 
morials it has left scattered over our whole country-side. 
Part of her cargo consisted of French trees and shrubs 
of many varieties, and these, being on top, were thrown 
overboard first when it became necessary to lighten the 

t In the North End Burying Ground is a stone inscribed, 
"Sacred to the Memory of Major Robert Sterry, who was ship- 
wrecked and lost with the ship Helen, Jan. 17, 1820, aged 37 years." 



208 HISTORY OF THE TOtVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ship. After drifting ashore, they were planted by the 
people and many a garden in the villages round about 
still has Louis Phillippe roses, laburnums, chestnuts, 
beeches and pear trees. 

In 1847 the English ship Ashland, with several hun- 
dred on board came ashore ofT Flying Point, and in 18.S5 
the Robert, from London, off Wickapogue. The latter 
had 1,000 casks of Madeira wine, which were all saved 
and sent to Sag Harbor for reshipment, with a loss of 
only 400 casks in the six mile haul. 

On Dec. 3, 1859, the schooner Susan was wrecked 
at Quogue, proving a total loss, and the following day in 
a terrible storm, the Solicitor, of Hull, was wrecked off 
Old Town. She was bound for New York from the 
Island of Cephalonia and was wholly loaded with Zante 
currants (1,605 barrels), which strewed the beach and 
subsequent puddings. The crew, who were saved by 
volunteers from shore, grumbled because they got their 
clothes wet, which merely called forth the remark from 
one of the daring life-savers that he 'hoped the next time 
they were wrecked it would be in a dry time.' * 

The most mysterious of all wrecks, however, was 
that known as the "Money Ship," the best traditional 
account of which is the following, taken from a manu- 
script record made by the late Hon. James H. Pierson, 
loaned me by Mr. W. D. Halsey : 

"One day late in the autumn of 1816, a strange craft 
was observed off Southampton. She was quite unlike in 
build and rig the many vessels that passed almost daily 
along the coast. There had been a hard storm, in which 
it was evident the vessel had fared badly. The next day 
she was in a new position and it was plain to those 
watching from the shore that she was adrift and prob- 

* To this same period belong also the "Sugar Ship," which 
was saved; the "Lumber Ship," which sank with a cargo of green 
wood; the Hattie C. White, sunk with a cargo of flagstones; the 
Emily B. Souder (1868) with fruit from the Mediterranean. She 
broke up on Southampton beach and her mast was raised as a flag 
pole. In the early sixties the Mesopotami, loaded with peanuts, lost 
her cargo which filled Southampton attics. June 16, 1870, schooner 
Mary Rich came ashore at Southampton; Dec. 6, 1871, brig Wm. 
Creevy was a total loss. Later wrecks will be given in a later 
chapter. 




View at Seven Ponds 



HISTORY OF THE TOlVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 20<J 

ably abandoned. It was decided that if the surf went 
down by the next morning and the vessel was still in 
sight, to go off to her, but when morning came the ves- 
sel was ashore ofY Shinnecock Bay, about two miles west 
of the village of Southampton. Those who first reached 
her found a deserted ship, without name or cargo, 
with sails half furled, and cabin furniture, articles of 
clothing and food scattered about as if she had been 
abandoned in great haste. No records or papers could 
be found which might have given some clue as to the 
port from which she sailed or her destination. 

"The Wrecking Master for the district took charge 
of the vessel, stripped her of sails, rigging and whatever 
could be removed, which was all carted to the village 
and deposited in the then Tavern lot on Main street, 
(now the property of Mr. Samuel L. Parrish), and was 
duly advertised and sold. On the day of the sale, a by- 
stander found wedged tightly in a dead-eye a Spanish 
dollar. It passed from hand to hand, and other dead- 
eyes, in fact the whole wreckage, was scrutinized with 
care, but no more dollars found, and many jests were 
made at the expense of the lucky finder and of the un- 
known sailor who was supposed to have chosen this 
strange hiding place for his money. The following day 
the hull was sold on the beach where it lay. One of the 
men at the sale had, on his way up the beach, picked up 
a slender piece of wreckage, which he used as a staiT or 
cane. While on the ship he idly dropped the stick down 
one of the pumps. It struck upon the sand (which 
quickly fills every part of a wreck) and when he with- 
drew it, wedged in a split in its end was a Spanish dol- 
lar. This unexpected find, also in so strange a place, was 
followed by more jests and gu'^sses and many more 
thrusts were made with the stick but no more dollars 
were brought up. 

"The mystery of the wreck, and the finding of the 
dollars made a fruitful topic of discussion on the street, 
and in the stores and tavern for many days. The wreck 
was purchased by a company formed for the purpose, 
and was left to be broken up at a more leisure season. 
This was the way wrecks were disposed of, and many a 



210 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

barn yard and pightle fence in Southampton and in fact 
all over the southern coast of Long Island was made 
wholly or in part of the ribs and planks of ships that 
had sailed far and wide and spread their sails over many 
seas, and brought rich cargoes from strange and distant 
lands. 

"Occasionally in the next few weeks a lone fisher- 
man or hunter would see the wreck in passing, or if the 
tide was down, go on board, but little heed or attention 
was given to it. A young Southampton whaleman 
[Capt. Henry Green] returning from a voyage soon 
after the occurrence, took a day up the beach with a com- 
panion gunning and finding himself near the wreck, 
curiosity led him to go on board. The ship lay head on 
the beach with her hull sharply inclined toward the 
sea. The waves had broken in the stern so that in 
storms they would run high up the cabin floor, carrying 
with them sand and shells to be deposited in every nook 
and cranny of the wreck. On the cabin floor, clean at 
that time, in plain view, lay a silver dollar. The dis- 
covery did not excite the interest of the finder so much 
at the time, but when he had returned to his home and 
heard of the other dollars, he thought it over and was 
much puzzled. He decided to investigate further and 
the next night, providing himself with one of the old per- 
forated lanterns used in those days (these were simply a 
cylinder of tin or sheet iron with perforations to allow 
the light to filter through), a candle and tinder box. he 
and his comrade started for the wreck. 

"The beach is a lonely place on a dark night and a 
wreck is full of strange and ghostly sounds. His com- 
panion was half-hearted and inclined to turn back, but 
the young whaler was not easily frightened or deterred 
from an undertaking. When they reached the wreck 
they lighted the lantern, and made directly for the cabin. 
The tide was down but occasionally a wave, higher than 
the others, would run up on the floor. For a time their 
search was unrewarded and becoming somewhat dis- 
couraged they were about to leave the wreck and go 
home when one of them glancing up over his head saw 
projecting from the low wooden ceiling, which had split 




The South Shore 







The Tent on the Beach 



HISTORY OF THE TOHN Of SOUTHAMPTON 211 

and opened, the edge of a silver dollar. Giving the lan- 
tern to his comrade and using his jack knife to enlarge 
the opening, he succeeded in getting a firm hold of the 
piece of ceiling and pulled it from its place. As he did 
so, down upon his head came a shower of dollars. In 
his excitement, his comrade dropped the lantern, and 
dollars and lantern rolled together into the sea. Still, 
the shower of dollars was falling and dropping instantly 
upon the floor he extended his arms and stopped many 
of them. They were now in total darkness and there 
was nothing to do but gather up what they had saved as 
best they could and give up the search for that night. 
More trips were made and dollars found in other places, 
but the secret was well kept and no one ever knew just 
how much money was obtained. * 

"With the beginning of winter a hard storm broke 
up the wreck, and it soon became known that she must 
have had money aboard, for many dollars were found 
in the sand and in the fragments of the ship. Farmers 
came with their teams and ploughed the beach, one man 
finding sixty dollars in one day, and for many years 
'Beach Dollars' would occasionally be found." J' 

Mr. Pierson then speaks of Mr. Shaw's little book of 
stories of the beach near Bellport, where the ship first 
appeared,! and at which place, "in answer to a pre- 
arranged signal from the shore she landed after night- 
fall, bags and barrels of money and plunder, to be buried 
later among the sand dunes. An approaching storm and 
a fierce quarrel among the sailors over the division of 
the booty, frustrated their plans before they were com- 
pleted, and led to their hurried abandonment of the ship, 
which was left to drift about, the sport of wind and 

* Mrs. White wrote: "It was discovered that a quantity of 
silver dollars were still concealed between her planks and her ceil- 
in?. Those who had purchased the ship contended that the money 
belonged to them, but much of it sifted through the rifts of the old 
hull and became imbedded in the sands. It was said the most the 
owners ever got out of her were 486 of these precious dollars, and 
none with one exception was ever made rich by the find, though for 
years the beach was raked. . . . Henry Green is said to have 
obtained 500." 

t One was picked up only a few years ago dated 1802. 

t E. R. Shaw, The Pot of Gold: A Story of Fire Island Beach. 



212 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

waves. A few days later, this tale relates, she came 
ashore at Southampton, and was the 'Money Ship' of 
our story. The origin and history of the Money Ship 
will always remain a mystery. Southampton whalemen, 
who were boys at that time, but who afterward became 
familiar with ships of many countries, agreed that she 
resembled in build and rig the vessels sailed along the 
Spanish Main, going occasionally to the \K QSt Indies or 
to the coast of Africa for slaves. Revolutions were 
common, then as now, in South American states and it 
was not unusual for a rich merchant to be compelled to 
flee from his country, taking his fortune with him, which 
was apt to be in gold or silver. \\'hether this ship had 
been on such an errand and had been captured from her 
owner either by his own mutinous crew or by others, or 
whether she was a pirate or a slaver will probably never 
be known." 

This is perhaps true, but before leaving the subject of 
this mysterious vessel I will add Mrs. White's version of 
the doings of the ship at Patchogue, where according to 
her account, it was "first seen practically dismantled and 
helplessly drifting; the boats had left the ship and were 
making for shore in a dangerous surf. The set of the 
breakers was such that landing was so extremely diffi- 
cult that the boats were upset and only one man and a 
small boy were saved. When the bodies of the men who 
were drowned were washed ashore, it was discovered 
they were heavy with Spanish dollars, which they had 
strapped in bags about their persons. The rescued man, 
John Sloane by name, proved to be the master of the 
vessel and the story he told of the brig has been handed 
down in the Jones family who were living on the beach 
at that time, and with whom he made his home for sev- 
eral years after his rescue. His story as prize master of 
the brig was this: He was placed in charge of her after 
her capture by a Mexican war vessel from the Spaniards, 
and his orders were to take her to New York, where she 
was to have been fitted out as a privateer under the 
Mexican flag. He said the treasure was artfully con- 
cealed, but discovered by one of the crew when off Cape 
Hatteras. When the storm arose and the vessel so 



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Methodist Church, Southampton 




The Old Herrick House, Southampton 



HISTORY OF THE TUIVN Of SOUTHAMHTUN 213 

badly battered that abandonment seemed necessary, the 
silver money was divided among the crew, while the 
more valuable gold and jewels were packed in a big 
portmanteau, which he intended to account for, if saved, 
to the Mexican authorities. The portmanteau was lost 
and Sloane escaped with his life." And thus ends, so 
far as I know, the story of the Money Ship. 

The sea, in the early part of the last century, was 
the main highway of the people of the East End. It 
colored all their thoughts. Its mystery was the romance 
of their lives. From it alone could come the unexpected, 
and that at any moment. Over it, they themselves, their 
friends and neighbors sailed to the far corners of the 
earth on trading voyages or in pursuit of whales. Even 
the stay-at-home farmer, as he ploughed his fields, on 
the uplands could see, flashing white against its blue, the 
sails of ships laden with slaves from Africa, with the 
wines of Spain or silks from China or spices from the far 
East, while many a man here in those days, seaman or 
farmer, was more familiar with the lonely islands of the 
Pacific than with the western end of the one on which he 
had his home. 

When he did go to New York or other nearby cities, 
it was usually over the water by packet boat, many lines 
of which ran from Sag Harbor. There was the Speed- 
zvell, John Price, master, plying between that port and 
Hartford in 1791, the New London packet under Eph- 
raim L'Hommedieu running weekly, and the "fast 
sailing Sloop Industry, Luther Hildreth, Master," mak- 
ing the run to New York "every Fortnight, or oftener, 
wind and weather permitting" in the same year. In 
1797, the sloop Resolution was advertised as running to 
Albany, and the next year Nathan Fordham was run- 
ning the sloop Favorite to New York, while the schooner 
Brother, Stephen S. Topping, master, plied regularly to 
Middletown and Hartford. Later the Sag Harbor-New 
London boat ran three times a week, there was one to 
Southold every Saturday, and a boat made daily trips to 
Shelter Island. This latter was named the Lady Clinton 
and the advertisement was signed "S. Conklin, who 
promises his boat, like the Lord of her namesake, can 



214 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

and zvill go against zvind and tide.'' In the early twenties 
the crack packet to New York was the sloop David Por- 
ter, Capt. Jeff. Fordham, which sometimes carried from 
forty to sixty passengers, and possessed only a quarter 
that numl)er of berths. After supper, a spare sail would 
be spread on the main calkin floor and the men and boys 
would sleep there, the rule being all lights out at nine 
o'clock. There was no charge for staterooms or berth 
and all three meals cost 12^/2 cents each, but the general 
custom was for the passengers to prepare their own food 
in advance and take it with them, as there were seldom 
good cooks on board. ■ If the weather was good this was 
a much pleasanter way of reaching New York than by 
the slow and dusty stage routes, but, if becalmed, the 
trip might often take three days, while there was always 
the possibility of storm and wreck. The David Porter 
herself was wrecked on Eaton's Neck, and in one storm 
in 1816 five packets were lost, * the first lighthouse in 
Suffolk County not being built until 1795 and the others 
following but slowly, f 

The first stage route was established in 1772 l)v 
Samuel Nicolls, Benj. Havens and Nathan Fordham, 
and ran between Sag Harbor and Brooklyn, the trip 
taking three days and costing $2.25, "goods per hundred 
one penny a mile and baggag"e as usual." In 1798, the 
line was owned by Fordham. Hedges, Gelston & Co., 
who advertised in New London for Connecticut passen- 
gers, their rates being five cents a mile and 14 lbs. of 
baggage carried free. This stage left Sag Harbor every 
Monday morning, reaching New York at 10 A. M. on 

* Mrs. M. C. Sayre, From Sag Harbor to New York in 1827. 
Paper Sag Harbor Hist. Soc. 1898. Letter of G. A. Halsey, Express, 
May 4, 1898. Among the early New York packets were the Flash, 
Imperial, Regulator, Pioneer, Planter, Gen. Warren, James Law- 
rence and Helen Smith. Steamers were used shortly before the 
Civil War, the first being a day boat, Island Belle, followed by the 
night boat Artisan, the W. W. Colt, the Shelter Island, the Montauk 
and Shinnecock, the last being launched in 1896. 

t Montauk, 1795; Eaton's Neck, 1798; Little Gull Island, 
1806; Old Field Point, 1823; Fire Island, 1826; Plum Island, 1827; 
Cedar Island, 1839; North Dumpling, 1848; Gardiner's Island, 
1855; Lloyd's Harbor, Horton's Point and Shinnecock, 1857; Long 
Beach Bar, 1871; Stratford Shoal, 1877; Race Rock, 1878. Bi. Cen. 
Suffolk County, p. 65. 




Elisha 0. Hedges' House, Sagaponack 




Second Church Edifice. Erected in 1737 
Bridgehampton 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 215 

Wednesday. This time was cut and a new line started 
in 1826, when Silas Payne advertised as follows: 

Sag Harbor and New York 
STAGE 
Through in two days ! 
The subscribers will start a stage to run 
EVERY OTHER WEEK 
from Sag Harbor to New York as follows : 
Will start from the Union Hotel, Sag Har- 
bor, on Friday the 8th of December at 6 o'clock 
A. M.; breakfast at S. Griffing's at WEST 
HAMPTON & arrive at J. Rowe's, PATCH- 
OGUE, same night. On the next day, break- 
fast at E. Dodd's, BABYLON; and arrive the 
same evening at BROOKLYN. 

Start from BROOKLYN, Monday at 6 
o'clock A. M.; breakfast at HEMPSTEAD 
and arrive at A. Gardiner's, FIRE-PLACE, 
same evening; breakfast next morning at 
WEST-HAMPTON and arrive at SAG-HAR- 
BOR same evening. 

FARE $5 

SH.AS PAYNE. 
Sag Harbor, November 25th, 1826. 
The earhest Post Office in the Township was that 
established at Sag Harbor Jan. 1, 1795, jo^lo^ed by 
Bridgehampton Apr. 1 of the same year and Southamp- 
ton Apr^2^_1804^^________ ^ 

* The dates of the establishment of th^^^^^^^^ tT iTlstl 
follows: Eastport Sept 16, 1872 ^.^^^/g^^^- Flanders May 8, 
(name chans-ed to East Quogue, Mar. 25, 18J1), 1^ ianaers may o, 

23, 1878 (name ctan^ed to S^gaponae^ FA 21 890^^^ 
Good Ground, $29.63. 



216 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Thirty years before its establishment, a post road 
had been set up in 1765, the riders going on horseback. 
The circuit, which was continued until the Revolution, 
was 239 miles long, the route being New York, Brook- 
lyn, Jamaica, Smithtown, "Griffin's at Riverhead," 
Southold, Shelter Island, Hogneck, Sag Harbor, East 
Hampton, Southampton and so, west, back to New 
York. During the War of 1812, Capt. Uriah Sayre 
drove the mail stage from Sag Harbor to Brooklyn, 
the trip taking four days, along the South Shore, and 
for a while he carried the entire Long Island mail for 
New York, from Jamaica on. In 1830, the Post Office 
department announced that the mail for East Hampton 
from New York via Sag Harbor would run three times 
a week beginning Jan. 1st, leaving the city Mondays, 
Wednesdays and Fridays at 8 A. M. and reaching East 
Hampton the following days at 8 P. M. 

The roads at that time were indescribably bad, al- 
though Prime states that they were better at the East 
End than elsewhere on the Island. The state early in 
the century had not assumed to any extent the duty of 
building and maintaining highways, and about 1813 
there was a sudden and very great development of pri- 
vate Turnpike and Toll Bridge companies, the craze for 
their formation taking the form of the railway mania of 
a half century later. The introduction of the system was 
at first much opposed on Long Island owing to the 
dislike of seeing the public roads fenced up and a fee 
charged for their use, but their improved condition 
finally overcame prejudice and many toll roads 
were established. The only one I know of in this Town 
was the "Sag Harbor and Bull Head Turnpike Com- 
pany" whose road ran between Bridgehampton and Sag 
Harbor and is still known as the Turnpike. The charter 
was obtained in 1840, the company being capitalized at 
$5,600 (shares $25 each), and paid a small^return to 
stockholders until the railroad was built in 1870, * when 
the road was allowed to get into very bad condition as it 
no longer paid the company to maintain it. On the 19th 

* This date was wrongly given in the Memorials as 1881. For 
official railroad dates see later in this chapter. 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 217 

of August, 1905, the toll gate was thrown open by the 
Court on complaint of the Commissioners of Highways. 
The following year it w^as taken over by the Town, the 
owners disposing of the charter for a nominal sum, and 
the old toll gate, said to be the last in the state, was re- 
moved. In 1909 the toll house was destroyed by fire, the 
ruins of the cellar being still visible on the west side of 
the road not far from the Harbor, t 

There was also a toll bridge built in 1834 connecting 
Sag Harbor and Hog Neck (North Haven), passage 
before having been either by boat or along both beaches 
and by way of Noyack. This has been replaced several 
times, its story being given in the subjoined note. * 

t The following were the rates charged: "For every wagon or 
cart drawn by two horses, mule or oxen, 8 cents. And for every 
additional horse, mule or ox, 2 cents. For every wagon or cart 
drawn by one horse or mule, 4 cents. For every coach, coachee, 
barouche, phaeton or other lour-wheeled pleasure carriage drawn 
by two horses, 16 cents. And for every additional horse, 3 cents. 
For every stage, wagon or coach for the transportation of passen- 
gers drawn by two horses, 12 y2 cents. And for every additional 
horse, 3 cents. For every chair, or other two-wheeled pleasure 
carriage drawn by one horse, 6 cents. And for every additional 
horse, 3 cents. For every horse and rider, 3 cents. For every 
horse, led or drove, without being attached to a carriage, 1 cent. 
For every sled or sleigh, drawn by one horse, mule or ox, 4 cents. 
For every additional horse, mule or ox, 2 cents. 
For every score of cattle or mules, 10 cents. For every score of 
hogs or sheep, 4 cents. And in the same proportion for a greater 
or less number of cattle, mules, hogs or sheep." 

* The toll was 2 cents for foot passengers and 8 cents for 
teams. It was incorporated as the "Payne Bridge Co." May 5, 1834, 
capital $2,000 (shares $25 each). The Commissioners named to re- 
ceive subscriptions were Luther D. Cook, Marcus B. Osborne, Chas. 
W. Payne. Bridge was of wood on piles and crossed deep channel 
from the old toll house, foot of Bridge St. to the long sand point 
opposite. A few years later a 30 ft. draw was built to let vessels 
through. Ships built in the yard at the foot of Glover St. were 
floated at high tide through to Long Wharf. About 12 years after 
it was built it was found to be settling and the piles were honey- 
combed by the teredo. In the gale of 1847 it was partly destroyed 
but rebuilt. By Act of Legislature 1868 it became a County charge 
and the Toll Co. was dissolved. It was neglected and in 1879 Judge 
Chas P Daly wrote the Hannibal French poem (see Mulford's 
Sage) and it was rebuilt in 1880. In 1892 a new pile bridge re- 
placed it at a cost of $23,000, of which Joseph Fahys and others 
on North Haven contributed $18,000. This was eaten by teredos 
and collapsed July 18, 1900. A ferry was established, but the 
present structure with iron and concrete piles and an 85 ft. draw 
was authorized the same year and built. Mary P. Sayre, Sag Har- 
bor Hist. Soc. Paper, 1911. 



218 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

In 1844 the Long Island Railroad was opened to 
Greenport, the southern line being completed to its orig- 
inal terminus at Sag Harbor in 1870, with, of course, its 
obvious effects upon modes of travel. * 

In connection with travel, the inn or taverns of Sag 
Harbor have already been mentioned. Southampton 
had its sign in the old "Ship and Whale," which swung 
before the bar-room in the house of Capt. Charles How- 
ell, a bar-room in which, oddly enough in a day of heavy 
drinking, no liquor was ever allpwed to be sold. For a 
long time this was the only inn in the village, and when 
its last portion was torn down two years ago, the build- 
ing was nearly a century old. % Another inn there at 
one time was the old Foster House, purchased and 
moved by Mr. Parrish in 1916, which was built in 1807, 
and was known as Foster's Tavern, having included 
among its guests James Fenimore Cooper and Daniel 
Webster, f 

The old Bull's Head Tavern (Briggs house) in 
Bridgehampton has already been alluded to as being 
kept by John Wick in the early part of the 18th century. 
A hundred years or so later its proprietor was Solomon 
Grey and after him Dick Gelston, at which period the 
bar was in the east room where the rum was dealt out 
"a short horn" two fingers deep, "a long horn" four 
fingers, while for "a good stiff horn" they put on the 

* The dates are as follows: "Opening of Main Line to Green- 
port, July 19, 1844. (The first section of this road was opened from 
South Ferry, Bklyn., to Jamaica, Apr. 18, 1836, and succeeding 
openings followed as building throughout the Island progressed 
from 1836 to 1844). Montauk Division, Jamaica to Babylon, opened 
Oct. 28, 1867. Bushwick to Jamaica, and Babylon to Islip, opened 
July 22, 1868. Williamsburgh to Bushwick, and Islip to Patchogue, 
opened March, 1869. Sag Harbor Branch, Manor to Sag Harbor, 
opened May, 1870 (first locomotive crossed Main St., Southampton, 
Feb. 26 S. H. T. R. IV, 315). Montauk Division continued, Patch- 
ogue to Eastport Junction, opened June, 1881. (Eastport Junction 
to Bridgehampton is included under Sag Harbor Branch.) Bridge- 
hampton to Amagansett, opened June 1, 1895. Amagansett to 
Montauk, opened Nov. 1, 1895." Letter from Mr. Frank E. Haif, 
Sec'y of the L. I. K. R. 

X It stood on Main Street on the site of the Post Block until 
about twenty-five years ago, when the main portion was moved 
forming the present Ocean House, and the bar-room moved to the 
back of the lot where it stood until January, 1915. 

f W. S. Pelletreau in Southampton Press, Nov. 30, 1916. 




The Did Saw Mill at Seven Ponds 
(now destroyed) 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 219 

lluiiiih. It used to l)e said that there had been rum 
enough drunk in that room to float a seventy-four ton 
sloop. Upstairs there was a curious row of bedrooms 
with moveable partitions which they took down when 
they had l)alls or when Court was to be held in the large 
room thus made. Later the Atlantic House also flour- 
ished in Bridgehampton, its early "sign" being the fig- 
urehead of an old ship, and the place l)eing noted as far 
as New York for its game suppers, its latest proprietor, 
John \\'. Hull, having been famed both as a caterer and 
the crack shot of the East End. * 

In connection with the intellectual life of the period, 
the Sag Harbor Literary Society has already been men- 
tioned in an earlier chapter as having been founded in 
1807. Although to that village belongs the credit of the 
earliest society thus devoted to "culture," to Bridge- 
hampton belongs that of founding the first circulating 
library in the Town in 1793. It consisted of but 173 vol- 
umes and was lodged in the house of Mr. Levi Hildreth, 
whose only compensation was permission to read the 
books. At that time Stephen Burroughs, more or less 
notorious throughout New England, was teaching 
school here and the formation of the library was largely 
due to his efforts, although the selection of the books 
was a matter of bitter controversy between him and the 
Rev. Mr. \\'oolworth and their respective parties. This 

* Mr. C. H. Hildreth wrote of this house: "The veterans 
amons: us recall the names of [proprietors] Mitchell, King, Gardi- 
ner, Hedges, Penny and Weeks or Wicks, the latter a typical land- 
lord of mammoth proportions weighing 400 pounds. This gentleman 
had a chair of special make for his accommodation which served 
him at night time for a bed. To nearly all adults now living here 
or in this vicinity, the name of John W. Hull recalls vivid memories. 
. . . His skill never failed to bring out the best quality in the 
oysters, pastry and coffee. On these occasions the upper rooms 
were filled with dancers, who, though they knew nothing of the 
new dances of today, were skilled in the performance of the grace- 
ful old dances, the waltz, redowa, polka and schottishe, and who 
with the 'calling off' of the famous Cuffee brothers and 'Prof. Van 
Houten' followed the mazes of the lance and quadrille. ... The 
parish oyster supper was for several years an annual event, taking 
place in the winter and brought together whole families from the 
remote parts of the parish." News, June 18, 1909. The building 
after being used as a Parish House by St. Ann's Church, which 
bought the property, was torn down in 1915 and the timber taken 
to S'outham.pton. 



220 HlSrURY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

Burroughs, who later pubhshed his Memoirs in two vol- 
umes, was a plausible individual, evidently possessing 
much personal magnetism and intellectual curiosity, a 
person of decided opinions and undecided morals. Much 
in advance of his time, and especially of his community, 
in his views, and with a penchant, apparently for shock- 
ing those who lingered behind him, a conflict was in- 
evitable. It was hardly to be expected, for example, 
that a large number in the parish could readily forgive 
the fact that when he obtained the use of the Meeting 
House for a literary entertainment that it should take 
the form of a presentation of "A BoldStrokeforaWife !" 
He was finally forced out of the village, after a struggle 
which roused passions in this pastoral community that 
yet smouldered a full century later. 

As the catalogue of the library then founded * is 
short, and interesting as showing the reading matter of 
that day, I give it here in full. 
Raynal's Indies, 8 vols. Watt's Logic 

Rollin's Ancient History, 8 vols. Edwards on Original Sin 
Hist, of Modern Europe, 5 vols. Lathrop on Baptism 
Moore's France, 2 vols. Life of Charles Wentworth, 

Italy, 2 vols. 3 vols. 

Robertson's America, 3 vols. Harvey's Letters, 2 vols. 

Scotland, 2 vols. Cook's Travels, 2 vols. 

Mirabeau's Court of Berlin, Edwards' History of Redemption 

2 vols. Goldsmith's Rome, 2 vols. 

Memoirs of Baron de Tott,2 vols. Waits' Gospel History 
Fordyce's Addresses Jennens' View 

Sermons to Young Lectures 

Women Beauties of History, 2 vols. 

Ramsey's Revolution, 2 vols. Knox on Education, 2 vols. 
Linn's Characteristical Sermons Miss Rowe's Letters 

Morse's Geography Bennett's Letters to a Lady 

Thomson's Seasons Memoirs of Baron Trenck 

Clerk's Vade Mecum Vision of Columbus 

Pope's Essay on Man Young's Night Thoughts 

Milton's Paradise Lost Humphrey's Works 

Conquest of Canaan Kaim's Art of Thinking 

Emma Corbett Sparman's Voyage to the Cape of 
Beauties of the Magazine Good Hope, 2 vols. 

Gustavus Vasa Cowper's Task 



* The present Hampton Librai-y was organized 1876, opened 
1877, the books now numbering over 10,000. Mr. Wm. Gardiner of 
New York gave the lot on which it stands and $10,000. Mr. Chas. 
Rogers gave $10,000 for building and books, and Mrs. Rogers be- 
queathed $5,000. The Library has been free since 1905. The 
books originally numbered 3,523, Wm. Cullen Bryant advising Mr. 
Rogers in their selection. 




a 

a 



3 

-a 
O 



O 
s 

a 

o 



HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMPTON 221 

Derham's Astro Theology Carver's Travels 

Watts' Supplement Blair's Sermons, 2 vols. 

Paine's Rights of Man, 1st and Lavater's Aphorisms on Man 

2d pts., 2 vols. Moore's Monitor 

Montague's Letters, 3 vols. Gay's Fables 

Telemachus, 2 vols. Byron's Shipwreck 

Compleat Letter Writer Fool of Quality, 5 vols. 

Newton on the Prophecies, 3 Hist, of Charles XII of Sweden 

vols. Evans on the Christian Temper 

Edwards on the Will Dickinson's Letters 

Death of Abel Weft and Lyttleton 

Doddridge's Rise and Progress Williamson's Sermons, 4 vols. 

of Religion Peter Pindar, 2 vols. 

Watts' Foundation of the Chris- Adams' View of Religion 

tian Church Dodd on Death 

Manners in Portugal, 2 vols. Franklin's Life 

Plutarch's Lives, 6 vols. England, Abridged 

Arabian Nights Entertaimnents, Bruce's Travels up the Nile 

4 vols. Warville's Travels 

Neal's History of the Puritans, Cook's Voyages, Abridged 

4 vol-s. Goldsmith's Animated Nature, 

Guthries' Geography 4 vols. 

Brisson's Narrative French Revolution 

Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History Mills on Cattle 
Flavius Josephus, 6 vols. Mason on Self Knowledge 

Perry's Pronouncing Dictionary Watts' Miscellaneous Thoughts 
Clai-k's Farriery Paley's Philosophy 

Hervey's Meditations Clarissa Harlowe, 3 vols. 

Burke on the French Revolution British Moralist, 2 vols. * 

Of the schools of that period, httle can be said as to 
their architectural or other interest, save as they may 
figure in the personal reminiscence of those who at- 
tended them. They were for the most part very small, 
the one at Hay Ground, for example, •being only 15x25 

* The following books were offered for sale at the office of 
the L. I. Herald in Sag Harbor in 1791: Sterne's Works, 5 vols.; 
Gutheries' Grammar, late edition; Pope's Works; Christian's, 
Scholar's and Farmer's Magazine; The Messiah, by the author of 
the Death of Abel; Watts' Psalms, i-evised by Barlow; Sermons 
for Children, by Samuel Spring; Holiday Exercises or the Chris- 
tian A. B. C. In 1797 Dering, Fordham & Hedges offered Charlotte 
Temple, Inquisitor, Hapless Orphan, Tremer's Knowledge of Na- 
ture, Sorrows of Worter (sic). Catechism of Nature, Life of Joseph, 
Blair's Sermons. In 1798 Jonathan Hall offered Watts' Psalms, 
Watts' Miscellanies, Spalding's Letters, Scots Vindication, Re- 
ligious Courtship, Hopkins on Holiness, Rowe's Devout Exercises, 
Beauties of Watts, Evans' Sketches, Watson for Christianity, 
Dyer's Title, Christian Consolation, Heaven Taken by Storm, Life 
of John Newton, Token for Children, Divine Breathings, Sermons 
to the Rich and Studious, Life of Joseph, Trimmer's Knowledge of 
Nature, Pelew Islands, Columbian Orator, Hawkins' Voyages, Lady's 
Library, American Preceptor, American Selections, American 
Ycu.ith, Fair Solitary, etc. 



222 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

feet, were unceiled, and today would be accounted little 
better than sheds. * They always consisted of but one 
room, heated by open fires, sometimes one at each end, 
or by stoves. The interior of the one at Sagg is de- 
scribed by one who attended it about 1834, and while 
trifling details might vary in other cases, it is probably 
fair to consider the description as typical, at least as to 
the extent of the luxury suggested. "The desks," wrote 
Mr. Hildreth, "were built against the side of the house 
on four sides of the room except at the door-way out 
into the entry. The seats were a continuous board in 
front of the desks over which the scholars had to climb 
to get to the desks. There were two long benches for 
small children, one made of pine for the girls and the 
other an oak slab with pegs driven into auger holes for 
legs. It was rough on the under side but the top side 
was almost as smooth as glass and about as hard. On 
this bench we little boys had to sit with folded hands. 

There was a large Franklin Stove in the middle of 
the room in which they burned quantities of wood which 
made it very hot near the fire, but as the building was 
not underpinned the north-east wind blowing under the 
floor made it rather cold for the children's feet. 
The older boys sat on the end of the bench near the 
stove and as they got warmed up they would come to 
the cold end and we little fellows were crowded down 
toward the stove and baked." f 

In Southampton, the North End and South End 
Schools were originally one, it being taught, about 1795, 
by Wm. Herrick at 10 shillings a quarter. |1 It was held 
in a long low one-story building and when the district was 
divided so was the building which was sawn in two and 
half of it moved into the new district, § rudimentary 

* For detailed accounts of those in the Bridgehampton neigh- 
borhood, see Memorials, pp. 173-183. 

t C. H. Hildreth, News, Aug. 19, 1910. 

II John Rogers and Micaiah Herrick were assistants, Benj. 
Huntting, Caleb Cooper, Uriah Rogers and Bartlett Hinds, Trus- 
tees. 

§ This building was apparently the one that stood on Dr. 
Nugent's road, and when part was moved to the South End, that 
became District No. 6, while the North End was 16. Both buildings 
were replaced by new in the 60's and these in turn gave place, to 




Garden Gate, Parrish Art Museum, Southampton 




Parrish Art Museum, Southampton 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 223 

forms of architecture, like the lower forms of animal 
life, lending- themselves to subdivision with little pain. 

The day of improved architecture in public build- 
ings, however, was at hand, and in 1843 the Presbyter- 
ians in Southampton erected their present church edi- 
fice, selling- their old one which was subsequently 
bought by the Methodists the following year, t 

xMethodist preaching apparently began in South- 
ampton V^illage about 1835, * the denomination having 

the Union School in 1891, Jas. H. Foster being one of the prime 
movers in the founding of the latter. At a meeting held Mar. 14, 
1830, at the old North End School, the project of an Academy and 
High School was considered and Wm. S. Pelletreau, James Post 
and David Chapman were appointed a committee to solicit funds. 
The building was erected 1831 and the school had a long career but 
the property was finally ordered sold May 18, 1893. 

t The following list includes the pastors of the Presbyterian 
Church during this period and down to the present time: Mr. An- 
drews, Joshua Hart, Amos Bingham, all these were stated supply 
for unknown periods; Henry Fuller, 3 months; Herman Halsey, 
unknown; John M. Babbitt, installed Nov. 19, 1817, resigned Apr. 

18, 1821; Peter H. Sliaw, June 9, 1821, ordained and installed Sept. 

19, 1821, resigned June 2, 1829; Daniel Beers, Nov. 6, 1829, installed 
June 8, 1830, resigned Apr. 21, 1835; Hugh N. Wilson, stated sup- 
ply Sept., 1835, installed June 29, 1836, resigned Apr. 13, 1852; 
John J. A. Morgan, June 26, 1852, ordained and installed Jan. 20, 
1853, resigned Sept. 12, 1855; Elias N. Crane, stated supply Nov. 4, 
1855, to Apr. 3, 1856; David Kennedy, stated supply Nov. 23, 1856, 
to Oct. 24, 1858; (Rev. Abijah Green substitute Dec. 10, 1856, to 
Feb. 7, 1857); Wm. Neal Cleveland, stated supply, Jan. 1, 1859, to 
July 2, 1863; Hugh N. Wilson, D. D., autumn of 1863, ordained and 
installed Sept. 25, 1864, resigned May 1, 1867; Frederic E. Shearer, 
Apr. 29, 1866, ordained and installed co-pastor Aug. 14, 1866, pastor 
May 1, 1867, resigned Mar. 6, 1870; Andrew Shiland, 1871-1883; 
Walter Condict, 1887-1888; Robert C. Hallock, 1889-1892; Richard 
S. Campbell, 1894-1908; Geo. Jeffrey Russell, 1909 to date. 

* Meetings were originally held in homes and schools. Rev. 
H. Husted of Bridgehampton preaching. The old Presbyterian 
Church building was used until 1883 when the present church was 
built and dedicated Nov. 4, 1883; North Sea parsonage property 
bought about 1866; sold 1887 and new one built; church rebuilt 
and rededicated Dec. 20, 1903. Pastors have been Thos. G. Osborne, 
1844-5; Mathias E. Willing, 1846; O. E. Brown, 1847; Levi S. 
Weed, 1848-9; Francis Bottome, 1850; Wm. F. Smith, 1851; Henry 
C. Glover, 1852; Collinwood Rutherford, 1853-4; Thos. Stephenson, 
1855; W. Howard, 1856; Wm. Dean, 1857; Supplies, L. A. Bos- 
worth. 1858; Sidney K. Smith, 1859; C. A. Dickinson, 1860; W. R. 
Webster, 1861; Thos. Laine, 1862-4; Pastor, Wm. Wake, 1865-7; 
Moses Lyon, 1868-9; Supply, Curtis Graham, 1870-2; Pastor, Alex. 
McAllister, 1873-5; Daniel F. Hallock, 1876; J. Howard Hand, 
1877-9; C. W. Miller, 1880; Smith H. Piatt, 1881-3; Wm. A. Tay- 



224 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

entered the field in Sag Harbor, as we saw in an earlier 
chapter, about 1807. In 1815, services were held in the 
old Hay Ground school house and a church built in 
Bridgehampton in 1820. f 

About the same time that the Presbyterians in 
Southampton built their new church, those in Bridge- 
hampton were moved by the same spirit, the present 
building being erected in 1842 and dedicated Jan. 17, 
1843. X It is noteworthy that this church and the 
Hampton House are the best two buildings of the period 
in the village, and that the artist Nathan Rogers should 
have built the one and been on the building committee 
of the other. * 

lor, 1884-6; C. W. Powell, 1887; J. W. Maynard, 1888-90; J. W. 
Peck, 1891; F. L. Townsend, 1892; L. K. Moore, 1893-5; (United 
revival meetings added about 100 each to the Methodist and Pres- 
byterian Churches) F. B. Stockdale, 1896-7; W. E. Schofield, 1898- 
1900; W. H. Barton, 1901-6; H. H. Dubois, 1907-10; Henry Medd, 
1911-15; Chas. S. Gray, Apr., 1916 to date. 

t The first church stood on Ocean Road, a little north of the 
present Kahle place. Soon after 1831 a new one was built on the 
Triangular Common dedicated June, 1833. This was moved to its 
present site 1871, and enlarged. The pastors have been: Reuben 
Harris, John Trippet, Samuel Merwin, C. B. Sing, Geo. Hollis, S. 
Rushmore, Wm. Wake, L. D. Nickerson, Wm. Bangs, J. O. Worth, 
J. S. Haugh, Wm. Lawrence, J. Stanley D'Orsay, C. W. Gallagher, 
G. A. Graves, W. W. McGuire, E. H. Butcher, A. C. Bowdish, John 
Brien, W. T. Hall, Wm. M. Carr, A. A. Lathabury, T. J. Shackelton, 
T. L. Price, H. Blatz, W. C. Wilson, Geo. L. Thompson, A. M. 
Wilkins, J. W. Eggleston, J. A. Swann. 

% The building committee consisted of Alfred Pierson, Henry 
White, Nathan Rogers, Hugh Halsey, Luther Halsey and David 
Halsey in addition to the Trustees, Richard Halsey, Sullivan Cook 
and Jas. H. Topping. Following Mr. Woolworth, the pastors have 
been: Amzi Francis, born West Hartford, Ct., July 31, 1793, or- 
dained here Apr. 17, 1823, (began work here 1822), died here 
Oct. 18, 1845; Cornelius H. Edgar, D. D., born Rahway, N. J., 1811, 
ordained here June 10. 1846, resigned Oct. 2, 1853, died Easton, Pa., 
Dec. 22, 1884; David M. Miller, born ElizabethtoAvn, N. J., June 12, 
1827, ordained here Apr. 27, 1854, died here June 29, 1855; Thos. 
M. Gray, installed here, Apr. 23, 1856, left Apr. 10, 1866; Wm. P. 
Strickland, D. D., born Pittsburgh, Pa., Aug. 17, 1809, supplied 
here May 13, 1866, installed Oct. 5, 1875, retired Oct. 22, 1878; Sup- 
plies between 1878 and Mar. 1, 1883, Samuel Dodd, Mr. Schaff, Mr. 
Frissell, Giles P. Hawley; Mar. 1, 1883, to date. Rev. Arthur 
Newman. 

* Nathan Rogers was bom at Bridgehampton Aug. 1, 1787, 
son of John T. Rogers. He was early apprenticed to a shipbuilder 




Nathan SanHford 

From "The Ref usees of 1776 from L. I. to Conn." 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 225 

In the same period churches of new denominations 
were also founded in Sag Harbor, the Roman Catholics 
buying the old Methodist Church there in 1836 * and 
the Episcopalians the old Presbyterian Church in 1846. f 

For the nuisic in the churches early in the century, 
there were few printed books and those few would be 
borrowed and carefully copied out by hand, words and 
music both, with a quill pen, each girl making her own, 
and many of these manuscript volumes are still pre- 

at Hudson, N. Y., where his work was "to keep accounts, pay off 
the workmen and serve out the grog." A severe accident to his 
knee prevented his continuing and he returned to Bridgehampton. 
On a visit to Connecticut, he took some paints with him and began 
to work on miniatures. The family who gave him his start there 
was that of Capt. Danforth Clark of Saybrook. He went to New 
York and studied under Wood, who went to Philadelphia, leaving 
Rogers the field in New York. Dunlap (Hist, of the Rise and 
Progress of the Arts of Design in the U. S. 1834, Vol. H, pp. 251-3) 
states that he "has long been of the first in rank among American 
miniature painters." He was a member of the National Academy 
and acquired a fortune. Married, 1818, Caroline Matilda, dau. of 
Samuel Denison of Sag Harbor. Returned to Bridgehampton, built 
the Hampton House and died there Dec. G, 1844. 

* In 1824 there were 75 Catholics in Sag Harbor but it is 
unknown when mass was first celebrated. After purchase of the 
Methodist Church, they worshipped there until 1872, when the 
present Church, St. Andrews, and rectory, were built, the former 
enlarged and rededicated in 1892. The priests have been Fathers 
Cummusky, Byrne, O'Donnell, Larkin, Curran, McGinniss, O'Neill, 
Brunneman, McKenna, O'Callaghan, HefFernan, Dennison, Guerin, 
Jordan, White, Long, Ccnklin and Holran. The sisters of the 
Sacred Heart of Mary established themselves in their convent Mar. 
1, 1877, and built a chapel in 1888. 

t Several churches in Brooklyn united in the Spring of 1845 
in sending Rev. Henry Floyd Roberts as a missionary to Sag 
Harbor. Services were held in the Session Room of the Presby- 
terian Church (now the Village Hall). Charter obtained Dec. 2, 
1845, and old Presbyterian Church bought 1846, consecrated in Dec. 
by Rt. Rev. L. S. Ives, Bishop of No. Carolina. The new church was 
built 1884-5 (corner stone laid by Bishop Littlejohn, July 23, 1884) 
and Parish House (gift of the late Jas. Herman Aldrich) in 1912. 
The Rectory was the gift of Mrs. Aldrich and was built 1914. The 
Rectors have been: Revs. H. F. Roberts, 1845 to Apr., 1847; Rich- 
ard Whittingham, 1847-Feb., 1849; Geo. C. Foote, Feb., 1850-Oct. 
1, 1852; Isaac Pardee, Jan. 1, 1853-Nov., 1854; Gurden Huntington, 
June, 1856-Mar., 1864; Wm. Mowbray. Mar., 1864-Apr., 1865; Dr. 
David McDonald, 1865-Aug., 1869; Edward Hubbel, Jan. 1, 1870- 
May, 1872; Wm. Mowbray, 1872-July, 1875; J. J. Harrison, Sept. 1, 
1875-July 1, 1884; Wm. B. Walker, Oct. 28, 1884-Nov., 1885; J. B. 
Jennings, Jan. 11, 1886-Nov. 1, 1887; J. W. Smith, Apr. 6, 1888- 
June 1, 1890; Gordon T. Lewis, 1891-1909; Francis V. Baer, 1909 
to date. 



226 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

served about here. In church the hymns were always 
"hned out" to the congregation, the note being given by 
a pitch pipe. Of Deacon Jeremiah Haynes, who led the 
music in the Bridgehampton church a century ago, we 
read that the choir occupied the front seats of the gal- 
lery on all three sides and that "in the center of the one 
facing the pulpit stood the deacon; on his right was the 
counter; on his left stood the tenor; flanking the 
counter was the treble, and opposite that the bass. At 
the close of the reading of the hymn, the deacon an- 
nounced the tune in a voice to be heard by all his forces, 
and consequently by all the congregation. Then raising 
his pitch pipe he gave the key note, and turning to each 
part, and inclining his head toward them gave each their 
sound. If either part failed to start right, his quick ear 
caught the discord, and with a tap, tap, tap on his pitch 
pipe stopped them short and took a new start." * 

The above account, in somewhat rambling fashion, 
gives the more important events in the story of the 
Town and pictures its life during the first half of the 
nineteenth century, f The leading fact in the history of 
that period, however, was the development of the whal- 
ing industry, which can be more adequately treated as a 
complete narrative in itself in the following chapter. 

* Paper by Henry M. Rose, Express, Dec. 30, 1886. 

t Nathan Sanford, probably the most distinguished citizen the 
Town has produced, belongs to this period. He was bom at Bridge- 
hampton Nov. 5, 1777. He studied at Yale but did not graduate. 
He was admitted to the bar in 1799 and practiced in New York City. 
Served as U. S. Commissioner in bankruptcy in 1802; U. S. District 
Atty. 1803-16; Member State Assembly, 1810-11; Speaker, 1811; 
State Senator, 1812-15; Delegate to the State Constitutional Con- 
vention, 1821, where he introduced the amendment adopted abolish- 
ing the property qualification for voters; was Chancellor of the 
State, 1823-25; was Dem. U. S. Senator from New York, 1815-21, 
and served a second term in the same office, 1825-31. He was 
married three times, his third wife being Mary Buchanan, whom he 
married in the White House, President J. Q. Adams being her 
nearest relative. He received the honorary degre of LL. D. from 
Columbia in 1823 and died at Flushing Oct. 17, 1838. In the Presi- 
dential election of 1824 he received 30 votes in the Electoral College 
for Vice President. In 1822 he was suggested as Minister to one of 
the South American countries and in 1823 as a possibility for 
Minister to France by the President. See Memoirs of J. Q. Adams; 
Lamb's Biographical Dictionary; Hammond's Political Parties m 
New York State; Stanwood Hist, of Presidential Elections, Etc. 



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CHAPTER XI 
GROWTH AND DECLINE OF THE WHALING INDUSTRY 

In the earliest days of the settlement, whaling al- 
ready formed one of the industries of the little colony, 
whales at that time being fairly plentiful off the coast 
and by no means as shy as they subsequently became 
after much hunting. Even before the coming of the 
w^hites, the Indians had practiced whale fishing in a 
primitive fashion, which is described for us in^ Way- 
mouth's Journal of his voyage to America in 1605: 

"One especial thing," he says, speaking of the In- 
dians, "is their manner of killing the whale, which they 
call powdawe; and will describe his form; how he 
bloweth up the water: and that he is twelve fathoms 
long; and that they go in company of their king with a 
multitude of their lioats; and strike him with a bone, 
made in fashion of a harping iron fastened to a rope, 
which they make great and strong of the bark of trees, 
which they veer out after him; then all their boats 
come about him as he riseth above water, with their 
arrows they shoot him to death; when they have killed 
him and dragged him to shore, they call all their chief 
lords together and sing a song of joy; and those chief 
lords, whom they call sagamores, divide the spoil and 
give to every man a share, which pieces so distributed, 
they hang up about their houses for provisions; and 
when they boil them, they boil off the fat and put to 
their pease, maize and other pulse which they eat." * 

* Quoted in Starbuck. 



228 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

They had a particular fondness for the fins and tails 
when roasted, and these were considered one of the 
most acceptable offerings which they could make to 
their deities. The retention of these tidbits was often 
made part of their agreements with the whites, and in 
the deed given by them for the Montauk peninsula it 
was specified that they were "to have the fynns and tails 
of all such whales as shall be cast up." f 

To the Town of Southampton probably belongs 
the distinction of first organizing whaling as an industry, 
and so far as I have been able to discover, the earliest 
picture of whaHng in America is the Httle design in the 
Thornton Map which is reproduced in this volume, and 
which happens to show a primitive whale chase off the 
Southampton coast. 

The first step toward organizing the business seems 
to have been taken in 1644 when it was ordered "for the 
prevention of disorder" that the Town should be divided 
into four wards, with eleven persons in each ward, * two 
of whom should be chosen by lot to cut up any drift 
whales cast up on the beach, and also that after storms 
and at other times persons should be deputed to patrol 
the beach looking for whales. J These regulations were 

t E. H. T. R. Vol. I, p. 3. 

* "ffor the first ward William Barnes, Geo. Wood, Thomas 
Cooper, Richard Stratton, Job Sayre, Thomas Burnet, John White, 
William Mulford, Thomas Halsey, Junr., Thomas Talmage, benr., 

and Mr. Johnes. , , x rr.i mi 

2 ffor ye second ward, Richard laques, Thomas Talmage, 
Junr Mr. Pierson, Robert Rose, Mr. Gosmer, Thomas Halsey, 
Senr., Mr. Stanborough, Richard Barret, Richard Post, Thomas 
Tomson, Robert Talmage. t, 4. i tt 

3 ffor the third ward Richard Gosmer, Arthur Bostock, Henry 
Pierson, John Hande, Thomas Hyldreth, John Mulford, John Moore, 
Ellis Cook, Robert Bond, ffulk Davies & Mr. Howe. 

4 ffor the fourth ward, John Cooper, Senr., Tristrum Hedges, 
John Cooper, Junr., John Cory, Mr. Howell, Mr. Odell, John Howell, 
Richard Smith & Thomas Sayre." T. R. Vol. I, p. 32. 

t T R Vol. I, pp. 31 et seq. "Yf by the providence of God 
there "should be henceforth within the bounds of this plantation 
any whale or whales cast up, ffor the prevention of disorder yt is 
consented unto that there shall be fowre wards m this towne, 
eleaven persons in each ward, and by lott two of each ward (it any 
such whales be cast up) shall be employed for the cutting out of 
the savd whales; who for their paynes shall have a double share, 
and for every Inhabitant with his child or servant that is above 
sixteen years of age, shall have, in the division of the other part an 



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Page from Log Book of Captain Mercator Cooper 



HISTORY OF THE TOU'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 229 

slightly altered in 1645, when it was ordered that no man 
should take any part of a drift whale under penalty of 
20s. fine, and that whoever should find any whales cast 
up should notify the Magistrate and receive 5s. for his 
trouble, provided, however, if it "were upon the lord's 
daye that then the aforesaid five shillings shall not be 
due and payable." * The amusingly canny intent of 
this clause is obvious. 

A couple of years later it was ordered that "the 
profit of whales and the burthen of opening the beach 
for the mill, and all rates, levyes, and taxes, the killing 
of wolves and all other payments arising for any cause 
or reason whatsoever shall ... be divided, re- 
ceived and payed by lands according to what every man 
hath in his possession.'' f 

So far there is nothing to indicate that the people 
did anything save to gratefully accept such whales as 
were by hard luck and the kindness of Providence cast 
up on the l^each, of which there must have lieen many, 
judging by the frequent legislation on the subject. In 
1650, however, there appears the record of the forma- 
tion of the first private company in the whaling industry 
in America, and it is evident that this company, com- 
posed of John Ogden and others, contemplated going 

equall proportion, provided that such person when yt falls in to his 
ward [be] a sufficient man to be imployed about yt. And yt is further 
agreed upon that there shall be in each ward eleven persons. . . 
. Yt is further ordered that Mr. Howell, Mr. Gosmer and Robert 
Bond shall give notice after any storm or according to their dis- 
cretion unto two persons as they are before mentioned, and so 
from tyme to tyme unto two other persons, one of which two shall 
goe to viewe and espie yf there be any whales cast up as far as 
the South Harbor and the other shall go unto the third pond beyond 
Mecocks, begining at the windmill. And yf any person (whose 
turn it is) who hath Infomiation to goe upon discovery and shall 
not faythfuUy performe the same shall eyther pay ten shillings or 
be whipped." T. R. Vol. I, p. 41. 

* T. R. Vol. I, p. 41. 

t T. R. Vol. I, p. 44. (1647) This interesting basis of division 
by lands was retained the next year (Dec, 1(348) when it was 
ordered that the Town should be divided into four quarters and 
each quarter should, in rotation, take charge of cutting up any 
whale cast ashore, the quarter receiving for their trouble one- 
fourth of the whale, and yet sharing, on the land basis, with all the 
others in the remainder. T. R. Vol. I, p. 53. There was a new 
arrangement made in 1653. T. R. Vol. I, p. 91. 



230 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

out to sea to seek out the whales, leaving those which 
might drift onto shore to the Town as before. This ex- 
clusive privilege was renewed, with slight modifications 
to "Mr. Odell and Mr. Ogden and their company" in 
1654, and in 1658 there was a new and more detailed 
agreement with a company which, though unnamed, 
was doubtless Mr. Ogden's. |1 

The following year Wyandanch and his son sold to 
Lyon Gardiner "all the bodys and bones of all the whales 
that shall come upon the land or come ashore from the 
place called Kitchaminfchoke unto the place called 
Enoughquanuck, only the fins and tayles of all, we re- 
serve for ourselves and Indians for the space of 21 
years." * This agreement was assigned to Anthony 
Waters of Southampton, who in turn sold and assigned 
it to Thomas Cooper "in consideration of the horse hee 
last broke come 3 years old." f 

This, however, was again a matter of drift whales 
but in 1667 by much the most ambitious attempt yet 
made was undertaken by a company, including John 
Cooper, which agreed to procure a vessel with a crew of 
13 men and a boy to make a voyage "for the terme of 
six months certaine and eight months uncertain . . . 
to Roanoak or those parts upon the design of killing or 
getting whales or great fish for ye procureing of oyle." % 

The season for the work ofT the coast here was from 
November to April, and in 1669 Samuel Maverick wrote 
that "on the east end of Long Island 12 or 13 whales 

II "30 Jan., 1650. It is ordered at the saide general! court 
that Mr. John Ogden Senior of Northampton [North Sea — the 
Atlantic was called the South Sea] shall have free liberty without 
interruptio'n from the Inhabitants of Southampton to kill whales 
upon the South Sea at or within any part of the bounds of the said 
towne for the space of seaven years next ensuing the date hereof & 
that in that space noe liberty shall be granted to any by the said 
inhabitants to any other person or persons . . . provided that 
he or his company doe proceed in the same design and do not delay 
but do somewhat effectual in the business within a yeare, as alsoe 
the said Mr. John Ogden nor his company shall not deny the townes 
inhabitants claiming priviledge formerly belonging to them in the 
dead whales yt shall be accidentally cast upon the shoares." T. R. 
Vol. I, p. 70. Also pp. 71 and 126. 

* T. R. Vol. I, p. 34. 

t T. R. Vol. I, p. 36. 

% T. K. Vol. 1, p. 50. 



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HISTORY Of THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 231 

were taken before the end of March." § It was about 
this time, apparently, that the industry was becoming 
really profitable, for in 1672 the three Eastern Towns in 
a petition to King Charles stated that they had "en- 
deavoured above these twenty years, but could not bring 
it to any perfection till within these 2 or 3 yeares last 
past" II and evidences of activity also steadily increase 
from now on in the records of agreements with individ- 
ual Indians to go to sea upon the "whale design." * 

Wi.th the growth of the industry, the attention of 
the governors at New York was called to it and efforts ~<, 
were made to obtain a revenue from it, which, however, 
so over-reached themselves that the industry was nearly 
ruined. These culminated in 1711 when Gov. Hunter, 
after requiring all Southampton companies to take out 
licenses from himself, claimed and took one-half of all 
the oil and bone of captured whales, and granted to one 
Richard Wood exclusive possession of all stranded 
whales, reserving to himself one-half also of these. In 
1716 Samuel Mulford of Easthampton. journeyed to 
England and succeeded in having the Governor's claims 
denied. It is related that at first he found it hard to gain 
a hearing as a provincial and a stranger in that great 

§ Letter to Col. Nicholls, Whitehall, dated Apr., 1669. Cal. 
State Papers Col. Ser. 1669-74, p. 20. 

jl N. Y. Col. Docts. Vol. Ill, p. 197. By 1687 there were 7 
companies engaged in whaling with try works as follows: Lt. 
Henry Pierson & Co., Sagaponack; John Cook & Co., Mecox; Isaac 
Raynor & Co., Wickapogue; Francis Sayre & Co., Southampton; 
Joseph Pierson & Co., Shinnecock Point; Thos. Stephens & Co., 
Quogue; John Jessup & Co., Ketchaponack. 

* Among many agreements which might be cited are those 
of John Howell, Joseph Raynor, Richard Howell and their part- 
ners in 1670 with Paquanag and other Shinnecock Indians to whale 
for the company for three years for the same pay as the past three 
years, and in addition each to have an iron pot such as John Cooper 
gave his Indians. In the same year, Towsacum and Phihp, Indians, 
hired themselves to Josias Laughton to whale off Mecox for each 
season for 3 Indian coats, 1 pr. of shoes, "or a buck neck to make 
them," 1 pr. of stockings, 3 lbs. of shot, IV2. lbs. of powder and a 
bushel of Indian corn. The agreements in 1675 allowed the In- 
dians a half share in the catch, the whites to provide the utensils 
and do the carting. T. R. Vol. II, p. 197. The Indians seemed to 
show a special aptitude for the work and long continued it, the 
last, Moses Walker, a blooded Montauk of Sag Harbor, being lost 
on the New Bedford whaler Amethyst, of which he was mate, in 
the Arctic, 1887. 



232 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

capital, and even had his pockets picked several times; 
tradition recording that he then sewed fish hooks iri 
them and so caught the next offender, an exploit which 
gave him great notoriety and a considerable vogue, and 
greatly facilitated his mission. * 

For the next half century "boat whaling" off the 
coast was kept up so constantly as to cause the whales 

* The following letter from Daniel Sayre to "Mr. George 
Clark, Chiefe Secretary att New Yorke" gives details of the in- 
dustry at that time. (N. Y. Col. Mss. 54:188.) 
"Hond. Sr. 

After humble Service These may Enform you that I sent you 
a 2d Leter but fearing it may not be Come to your hand, these may 
Enform you Concerning ye Oyl. 

1: Daniel Miller Saith that mr. John Gardiner's Company of 
eighteen men & Mr. Samll Mulfords company of twenty foure men 
have goten Aboute two barrills a man. 

2 and: Capt. Theophylus Howell, Elisha Howell & Lemuel 
Howell with twelve men in thare Company hath got twenty two 
barrills of oyl. I am informed by Joseph Moor Junr one of ye 
same Company. 

3 and: Capt. Josia Toping, Theoder Pierson, Stephen toping, & 
Hezeciah Toping hath seven barrills as Theoder Person enforms me 
to twelve men. 

4. John Michell, Thos. Sanford, Benjamin Howell, Thos. 
Howell, twelve men in Company by Comon Fame have Seven bar- 
rills to thare Company. 

5. Isaac Rainer, Daniel Halsey, Jonathan Howell, & Edward 
Howell with twelve men in the Whale Company have twenty fore 
barrills as John Sayre enforms me. 

6. Thomas Halsey enforms me that twenty foure men in Com- 
pany Thomas Stephens Jame Coper Henry person & Ichabod Sayre 
being owners have gote two barrills and half to A man. , 

7. Hezeciah Howell, Samll Johnes & John Coyjer in Company 
of twelve men have foure barrills A man as Thos. Halsey enforms 
me & Hezeciah Howell Draws one halfe of it. 

8. Justis Richard Smith & Israeli Howell & moses Culver 12 
men in Company have twenty nine barrills & % of oyle they lost 
thare bone by ye conue overseting. Richard Smith Draws halfe ye 
boat share. I am enformed by Abraham Coper. 

CoUanel Floyds and the Rest of Setooket mens oyl I have no 
certain account of. Nor at Islips what they have thare. 

Sr. you Wrought to me concerning ye Drifts, thare hath bin 
but one this year of About 20 barrills as Capt. Stephs had ac- 
quainted his Excelcy as he told me but If you please to Impower me, 
I will take all ye care I can of ye Queans Whales for ye future for 
Capt. Stephens I think will take care no more in this World he being 
very Dangerously Sick if not dead. Which with my humble Deuty 
to his Excy is offered by 

Yor most humble Servant 
Daniel Sayre 
Brighampton 

Aprill ye 18th 1711. 



HISTORY OF THE TOU'N OF SOUTHAMFTOt^ 233 

t'6 become both very scarce and shy, and cruises further 
out to sea became necessary, so that in 1760, we find 
the sloop's Good Luck, Success and Dolphin, owned by 
Joseph ConkHno^, John Foster and others, cruising in the 
Atlantic. * These were small vessels, not fully 
equipi)ed. and the blubber had to l)e brought ashore to 
be "tried out," the earliest vessel fitted w^ith ti^ works 
on board being the Hope, sent out in 1784 by the Gardi- 
ners. The first vessel to sail after the Revolution, how- 
ever, was the little schooner Eagle, Capt. Ephraim Ford- 
ham, for cruises ofi" the South coast of the Island. Sag 
Harbor owners re-entered the business, which had been 
seriously interfered with by the war, t in 1785, sloops 
and schooners then giving place to brigs, and a decade 
later to ships, the voyages for many years being off the 
coast of Brazil. Necessity, however, gradually com- 
pelled the search for newer grounds and the coast of 
Japan was visited in 1819, Zanzibar in 1828, Kamschatka 
in 1843, while in 1848 Capt. Royce, of Sag Harbor, in the 
bark Superior passed through Behring Strait. The 
length of the voyages also steadily increased until by the 
time the terrible disaster overtook the Arctic fleet in 
1871. t ships occasionally stayed out as long as six years 
and then returned with only a part cargo. 

During the first half of the century, the industry 
suffered severe set-backs in the War of 1812, the fire 
in Sag Harbor in 1817, and the terrible one in the same 
village in 1845, in which latter fifty-seven shops, stores 
and warehouses, as well as manv other buildings, were 
destroyed and a loss of $200,000' to $250,000 incurred. § 
The period of greatest prosperity in the business, how- 
ever, was the decade from 1837 to 1847. culminating in 
the latter year. The Sag Harbor fleet numbered fifty 
vessels, (with eleven more from Greenport registered 

* For a list of whaling voyages out of Sag Harbor, see Ap- 
pendix XVIII. 

t Apparently, however, Starbuck's statement that Sag Harbor 
lost one or more vessels by capture is incorrect. 

% Thirty-four were caught in the ice off Point Belcher and 
1,200 seamen wrecked. 

§ Fire stai-ted 12.30 A. M. Nov. 14, 1845. Hedges, Sag Har- 
bor Address, pp. 25 et sea. The Sag Harbor Fire Dept. is the 
oldest organized in Suffolk County, dating from 1819. 



234 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

in its custom house), and during the ten years brought 
in cargoes valued at $6,500,000, of which nearly a mil- 
lion was brought in in 1847. f In that year, there were 
thirty-two arrivals, five ships returning on one day alone 
and dropping anchor in Gardiner's Bay. 

Of the now quiet village in those busy days, I quote 
the following picture from the pen of a Sag Harbor man, 
Mr. H. D. Sleight, who wrote : % "What a scene of bust- 
ling activity the wharves and streets of Sag Harbor pre- 
sented when the cry of 'Ship in the bay' was heard. 
Custom set a color on Beebe's mill, in Suffolk Street, and 
the lighthouse keeper at Cedar Island flew the Stars 
and Stripes to the breezes. Everybody rushed to the 
waterfront to learn what ship or ships had returned. 
The owners, aristocrats dressed in long-tailed coats and 
plug hats would embark in a small sloop and go down to 
the lighthouse to be the first to board the returning 
voyagers. If deeply laden, some vessels had to be light- 
ened before coming in to Long Wharf. And then came 
the discharging of cargoes. There was work for every- 
body. The oil and bone was transferred to packet 
-sloops after being set ashore for gauging. The ships 
were provisioned and refitted for the outward bound 
voyage. Battered and weather-beaten the vessels went 
into the hands of the workmen. They were hove down 
to be sheathed and recoppered. Riggers, carpenters, 
masons, coopers, caulkers, iron-workers found ropes and 
spars to be replaced, timbers and planks to be renewed, 
try works to be set up. casks to be stowed, seams to be 
caulked and pitched, and gear to be replaced. Painters 
swarmed over the hull, and grocers' and warehouse 
clerks and supercargoes ran to and fro taking orders and 
delivering provisions. Each ship had to be watered and 
a whale ship carried many thousand gallons of the in- 
dispensable fluid, as many months elapsed before port 

t The leading firms at that time were Marcus B. Osborne, 
S. & B. Huntting, Mulford & Sleight, Charles T. Dering & Co., 
Luther D. Cook, Huntting Cooper, S'. & N. Howell, Josiah Douglas 
& W. G. Howell, John Budd, Cook & Green, Tiffany & Halsey, Post 
& Sherry, Mulford & Howell, Thomas Brown, Ezekiel Mulford, S. 
L. L'Hommedieu. 

X Mr. Sleight published an exceedingly valuable series of 
articles on the whaling business in the Corrector in 1906. 




Captain Mercator Cooper 



HISTORY Uh THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 235 

would be made again. * . . . Portuguese sailors, 
Hawaiians, I'^ijians, Malays, Ethiopians and Montauk 
and Shinnecock Indians, a motley crew, all good whale- 
men, walked the streets, showing scrim-shawn work and 
gim-cracks, flush with money, s])ending and giving away 
lavishly. Drunk but good-natured they rolled along the 
Main Street promenade, laboring like ships in a heavy 
gale, literally 'half seas over.' The frolic ended all too 
soon. A fortnig'ht ashore, or maybe longer, and the 
whalemen were away again for two and three year 
cruises. Often the Kanakas and Indians became rum 
crazed. They were then taken and locked up aboard the 
ships at anchor in the bay, and to this day the anchorage 
ground is called 'Indian Jail' and the headland of North 
Haven, close by, received the name of 'Sulk's Neck.' 
[Sullen Point].'' t 

The very next year, however, marked the beginning 
of the long decline. In 1848 ship after ship returned 
from voyages of from two to four years as losing ven- 
tures. People turned to manufacturing and other lines 
of business, but unsuccessfully in competition with New 

* "Previous to 1827 the Aqueduct Co. had a pumping station 
near the foot of Division St. at the corner of Bay St. Pipes ran 
down on Long Wharf to supply the ships with water; a horse 
travelled around in a circle and worked an apparatus that ran the 
pump." A steam engine was installed later, and the Co. operated 
as late as 1850. Before it was formed the ships' casks were rolled 
up Main St. to the town pump in front of Elliot's Block. 

t An odd Indian picture of about that time is given by Mr. 
Oliver R. Wade in a paper read before the Sag Harbor Hist. Soc. in 
1908: "Who recalls Jason Hoopete, the old Montauk Indian? Far 
down the street would come the cry, 'Here comes Jason!' Tall and 
swarthy, with his long hair floating in the wind, came Jason, and 
all the boys fled to their yards and shuddered as he passed. In our 
childish minds, an Indian was only a savage in suspense and liable 
at any time to revert to barbarism. When he reached Cooper's 
shop, he was greeted with great heartiness. The axes and adzes 
were laid aside and then came the wild barbaric dance of the 
coopers, with Jason as the central figure. The music was the rhyth- 
mic clatter of the wooden truss hoop driver, a piece of wood two 
feet long, held in the center, and as the cooper drove the truss he 
clattered the ends on the staves, which gave a roaring cadence. 
How they danced and shrieked. The windows were crowded with 
the faces of the boys who had seen the dance before and never 
wanted to miss one. The dance over, the men wiped their sweating 
faces and arms, shook hands with Jason, who came out and took 
his way to Smith's on the Dock, where 'fire water' was to be had 
and a vast longing to be appeased." 



236 HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

England. The expenses of the business had increased 
enormously from the days of one year cruises when it 
cost ten or twelve thousand dollars to outfit, to the later 
voyages which had to be outfitted for a three or four 
years' absence, and the whales themselves were scarcer 
and shyer. Petroleum also had been discovered and the 
whale ships had to compete with the Pennsylvania oil 
wells. 

But perhaps the greatest blow of all was the dis- 
covery of gold in California, with the resultant rush of 
hardy and courageous seamen, discouraged by the sud- 
den hard times in their old work. It has been estimated 
that over 250 men from this Town alone left for the 
diggings in the early days. Men simply could not be 
got here to man the whale ships, and vessels touching 
at any ports in 1849-50 were immediately deserted by 
their crews. The whale fishery came to a standstill, and 
with it the prosperity of Sag Harbor. Nor did the 
new venture result in compensating success, for no one one 
from this Town became rich in the gold fields. A few made 
small amounts, many died during their wanderings and 
many more remained permanently in the West. Of the 
trials and experiences of those who had hoped for sudden 
riches, ample evidence is given in the interesting series 
of letters from Mr. Albert Jagger, of Southampton 
Village, to his wife, given in A ppendix XIX.* 

* "The grand rendezvous (in San Francisco) for distressed 
Long Islanders was an old house on the lower end of Commercial 
St. The building in question was rented by Sam Tribe Hildreth, 
of Sag Harbor, a beef-buying native of the isle. He extended to 
his brethren the hand of fellowship. When they came down from 
the mines, broke, strapped, sick, weary and discouraged, whither 
went they ? To the Contra Costa market, of course. The building 
was two stories and a half high. The second floor was occupied by 
the lodgers. Sometimes there were four, sometimes eight, some- 
times a dozen. They never had any money. In that peculiarity 
they preserved a remarkable uniformity. They went to bed all 
hours of the night and got up all hours of the day. There they 
smoked their pipes and talked of whales and home, for home and 
whales were intimately associated in their minds. The garret was 
full of JDaggage, left during a series of years, uncalled for. There 
were piles of trunks, sea chests, rolls of blankets, guns, pistols 
and all the rest of the needfuls, and more of the needless articles 
brought by the early adventurers to California. The owners for 
the most part never came back. Their bones are lying heaven 
knows where, for many were never heard of after leaving the city." 
H. D. Sleight. 




Stranded Bark, Clan Galbraith 




Whaling off Southampton about 1690 
(.Detail from Thornton's :Man) 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 237 

Companies were quickly made up for the new spec- 
ulation as they had jjeen thirty years before for whaling, 
at which time James Fenimore Cooper had inaugurated 
that mode of outfitting, as narrated in a previous chap- 
ter. The loica, Sabiiia, Huron, Sierra Nevada, Cadmus 
(the ship which had brought Lafayette to this country), 
Hamilton (little), Ann Mary Ann, Hungarian, Robert 
Bruee, San Diego, Acasta, Storm, Amelia and Draco were 
all withdrawn from whaling and entered the California 
venture. * 

By 1850 most of the old whaling firms had retired 
from business, although some younger men took their 
places, t and a jump in the price of oil and bone in 1855 
caused, for a time, a slight return of activity in the in- 
dustry, eighteen vessels being employed at that time, 
but in 1871 the long story of Sag Harl)or whaling came 
to an end with the sailing of the Myra, condemned at the 
Barbadoes three years later. 

During the life of the industry, vessels not only 
sailed from Sag Harbor but were built there also, prob- 
ably before 1780. Prior's shipyard was established in 
1795, Stephen Howell built a ship in 1806, while a httle 
later, Benj. Wade's yard was near Peter's Green. Budd's 
over on North Haven, Post & Sherry's at the foot of 
Division Street and there were a number of others. J 

The old whaling ships met with many ends. The 
keels of the Thames and the Fair Helen are embedded in 
the sand off Conklin's Point. The Andes burned to the 
w^ater's edge and sunk on the east side of the channel ol¥ 
Long Wharf, where a sand bar formed over her, known 



* They cleared respectively about Oct., 1848, Feb. 3, 1849, 
June 19, 1849, Aug. 28, 1849, Oct. 20, 1849, Oct. 23, 1849, Oct. 27, 
1849, fall of 1849, May 1, 1850, May 13, 1850, Sept. 14, 1850, May 
25, 1852, Aug. 12, 1854 and Aug. 12, 1854. See Memorials pp. 287 
et seq. 

t Among the newer men were Thomas Brown, Huntting Coo- 
per, Wm. R. Post, John Budd, Gilbert H. Cooper, Chas. T. Bering 
and Wm. Cooper; and, a little later, W. & G. Cooper, J. E. & E. 
Smith, H. & S. French, Wade & Brown, O. R. Wade and others. H. 
& S. French outfitted whalers down to 1871. 

X Among other vessels built at the Harbor were the Lavinia, 
Gov. Clinton, Octavia, Hanibal, O. C. Raymond, Charlotte, Harriet, 
Victory, Hamilton, Merchant, San Nevada, Storm, Line Gale, 
Weather Gauge, Mary Gardiner and Black Eagle. 



238 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

as "Andes Shoal." Many were stripped and burnt 
merely for the old copper in them. Those that went 
into the California trade have already been named. The 
Emerald, Timor and Noble were among the first vessels 
bought by the Federal Government to form the "stone 
fleet" which was sunk off the entrances to Charleston and 
Savannah harbors in 1861 to prevent blockade-running. 
Many were wrecked, the Gov. Clinton in a typhoon off 
Japan, the Hamilton near the Rio Grande in 1845 (with 
$100,000 catch on board), the Konohassett on Pell's Isl- 
and in 1846, the Romulus at Honolulu in 1849, the 
Franklin off the coast of Brazil in 1850, the Gem off 
Suwarrow Island in 1848, the Washington on Pitt's Isl- 
and in 1851, the William Tell on East Cape in 1859, the 
Pacific on Behring's Island in 1866, the Potosi on the 
Falkland Islands in 1832, the Telegraph at the Mar- 
quesas in 1835, while the Ocean which sailed in 1866 has 
never been heard from. The Weather Gauge was caught 
and burned by the Alabama in 1862. The Martha 2d, in 
which Capt. Geo. S. Tooker of Sag Harbor carried the 
first American consul to Japan, as well as eight other 
vessels was captured and burned by the Confederate 
cruiser Shenandoah in Behring's Strait in 1865. * The 
Concordia and Thomas Dickason were among those 
caught in the ice and lost in the great disaster of 1871. 
Sometimes, however, vessels of the whaling fleet 
would mysteriously disappear for a time on strange er- 
rands. The nature of these was sometimes unpleas- 
antly, as well as unprofitably, brought to light by gov- 
ernment activity, as in the case of the Montauk. This 
ship had been sold in 1860 and was lying tied up at Long 
Wharf when purchased by a man named Quayle and 
sent elsewhere to be fitted out. A company was formed 
and clearance papers taken out as usual for a whaling 
voyage, but the ship sailed direct to the Congo, took 
several hundred slaves on board, and was just about 
to successfully land them in Cuba when overhauled and 
confiscated by a United States cruiser. It was said that 
the Harbor lost rath er heav ily in this li ttle venture. 

* For an account of the burning of the fleet see Memorials, 
pp. 280 et seq. 




Is 



HISTORY OF THE TOU'N OF SOITHAMPTOS 239 

The AiKjtista also suffered an unfortunate lapse 
from her otherwise virtuous respectability and there 
was also the bark ''Haidec' which bore a remarkable re- 
semblance to a Sag Harbor whaler of another name 
whose record in whaling at one point it is extremely 
difficult to trace. This vessel cruised off the West coast 
of Africa for forty days and took on board 1,133 negroes, 
two hundred of whom died on the subsequent voyage to 
Cuba, where, however, the survivors were safely landed 
and sold. She then stood out to sea, and the Captain, 
after paying off the crew, informed them that the ship 
had no papers. It was decided to go to the East End of 
Long Island, as the crew voted that they "would be safe 
there," and the bark could be scuttled when Montauk 
Point was neared, the shore reached and a plausible 
story of shipwreck made use of sufficient for East End 
susceptibilities. The programme was carried out, and 
one boat landed at Montauk and the other on the Con- 
necticut shore, nothing ever coming of the judicial pro- 
ceedings which were instituted. This was in September, 
1858, and seven Portuguese sailors were soon in Sag 
Harbor with a plentiful store of Spanish gold. They 
wxre sheltered by one of their countrymen there, and 
before the U. S. Deputy Marshal arrived, six had disap- 
peared and the seventh, who was ill on arrival, had died. 
Over his grave in Oakland Cemetery is a stone with 
the inscription : "Dead Mtn Tell No Tales," and a short 
verse. 

In the same cemetery are buried over thirty-six 
whaling captains, and there, also, is the monument to 
the six who were killed in the service between 1838 and 
1846 in actual encounter with the infuriated brutes. It 
is noteworthy that the oldest of the six was but thirty 
years of age. * In a town where hundreds were an- 

* On one side is the inscription: "To commemorate that 
noble enterprise the whale fishery; and a tribute of lasting respect 
to those bold and enterprising shipmasters, Sons of Southampton, 
who perilled their lives in a daring profession and perished in actual 
encounter with the monsters of the deep." On the other side are 
the names of the Captains: Charles W. Payne, aged 30; Stratton 
H. Harlow, aged 27; Alfred G. Glover, aged 29; Richard S. Top- 
ping, aged 29; William H. Pierson, aged 30; John E. Howell, 
aged 28. 



240 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

nually engaged in this pursuit for a long period of 
years, the stories of adventures as well as accounts of 
those who spent their lives in the business, are, of 
course, innumerable, and no attempt can be made to 
give more than a few of the more typical or interesting 
incidents. 

Aside from the usual dangers of storm and wreck, 
to which all who sail the seas are liable, the main ad- 
ditional risk to those engaged in whaling arose, of 
course, in fighting the whales themselves. As just 
noticed, the six captains commemorated on the whaling 
monument, all died in such encounters. Sometimes, as 
in the case of Capt. Richard S. Topping of Bridgehamp- 
ton, none survived the fight to tell the tale. When only 
29, but in command of the ship Thoni, he had his own 
boat stove in by a sperm whale. He then got into the 
mate's boat to continue the struggle but in some way he 
and the mate and five men. all who were engaged in 
that last fight, perished. 

In another case, however, that of Capt. James R. 
Huntting, we have a graphic account of such an en- 
counter, given in the Captain's own words as narrated 
by Capt. Davis. * "My second mate had fastened to a 
large whale that seemed disposed to be ugly; so I 
pulled up and fastened to her also. I went into the bow 
and darted my lance, but the whale rolled so that I 
missed the life and struck into the shoulder blade. It 
struck so deep into the bone (perhaps* through it) that I 
could not draw it out; the whole body of the whale 
shivered and squirmed as though in great pain. Then, 
turning a little, she cut her flukes, taking the boat 
amidships. The broadside was stove in, and the boat 
rolled over, the crew having jumped into the sea. I cut 
the line in the chocks at the same moment, to save being 
run under with a kink. The crew were soon safely 
housed on the bottom of the upturned boat, or swim- 
ming and clinging to the keel. The second mate wanted 
to cut his line and pick us up, but I foolishly told him to 

* Davis, Nimrod of the Sea. Capt. Huntting stood 6 feet 6, 
and was a man of proverbial strength. For a longer account of 
him, as well as of other Bridgehampton captains, see Memorials, 
pp. 266-282. 




bflbt 



HISTORY Of THE TOH^N OF SOUTHAMPTON 241 

hold on and kill the whale; that we were doing quite as 
well as could be expected. But I had bragged too soon. 
Just then the whale came up on the full breach, and 
striking the boat, he went right through it. knocking 
men and wreck high in the air. Next the great bulk fell 
over sideways, like a small avalanche, right in our midst; 
and spitefully cut the corners of her flukes right and left. 
In the surge and confusion two poor fellows went down 
and we saw no sign of them afterward, and the water 
was so dark, stained with blood, that we could not see 
into it. 

"As the whale came feeling around wnth her nose, 
she passed close by me. 1 was afraid of the tlukes. and 
got hold of the warp, or iron pole or her small or some- 
thing, and towed a little way until she slacked speed a 
little. Then I dove under, so as to clear the flukes, and 
came up astern of them. I was in good time ; for having 
felt the boat she turned over and threshed the spot with 
a number of blows in quick succession, pounding the 
wreck into splinters. She must have caught sight of 
me, for she came up on a half breach, and dropped her 
head on me, and drove me half stunned deep under 
water. Again I came up near the small, and again dove 
under the flukes. From this time she seemed to keep 
me in sight. Again and again — the mate told me after- 
ward — .'^he would run her head in the air and fall on my 
back, bruising and half drowning me as I was driven 
down into the water. 

"Sometimes I caught hold of the line, or some- 
thing, attached to the mad brute, and would hold on 
until a sweep of the flukes would take my long legs and 
break my hold. The second mate's boat had cut long- 
ago, and watched her chance to pick up the surviving 
crew, but had not been able to reach me, for when the 
whale's eye caught the boat, she would dash for it so 
wickedly that the whole boat's crew became demoral- 
ized, owing to the loss of the two men, and the sight, to 
them more terrible than to me perhaps, of the peril the 
Captain was in. To husband my strength I gave over 
swimming, and. treading water. I faced the danger, and 
several times by sinking avoided the blows from her 



242 HISTORY OF THE TOM'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

head. As a desperate resource, I strove with my pointed 
sheath knife to prick her nose. * I did all a strong man 
was in duty bound to do to save his life. The cooper, 
who was ship keeper, ran down with the ship, intending 
to cut between the whale and myself, but we were at 
too close quarters. He was afraid to run me down lest 
he tear me with the ragged copper. Thus for three- 
quarters of an hour that whale and I were fighting: the 
act of breathing became labored and painful; my head 
and shoulders were sore from bruises, and my legs had 
been pounded by her flukes, but it was not until I found 
myself swimming with my arms alone, and that my legs 
were hanging paralyzed, that I felt actually scared. 
Then it looked to me as if I couldn't hold out much 
longer; I had seen the ship close beside me, and the 
second mate's boat trying to get in to me, and throwing 
me lines, or something to float on, but I had failed to 
reach them. Now these things seemed very far off; 
and that was the last I remembered until I came to on 
board the ship." Watching their chance, the mate's 
crew finally reached the captain and got him on board 
the vessel, where, as he says, it was several weeks before 
he could take his place at the head of his boat again. 

On another occasion, when he was boat-steerer, his 
boat was stove and he became entangled in the line 
which was attached to the whale, and was rapidly drawn 
down into the depths as the whale sounded. He finally 
succeeded, however, in cutting the rope with his knife 
and rose to the surface almost exhausted. 

Many had neither the captain's strength nor for- 
tune, however, and were carried ofif by whales never to 
be seen again. In 1766 a sperm whale capsized Capt. 
Clarke's boat, seized his son in his jaws and disappeared. 
Another case, among many, was that of Jonathan H. 

* Capt. Davis comments of this: "On the tip of the upper 
jaw [right whale] there is a spot of very limited extent, seemingly 
as sensitive as the antennae of an insect. . . . However 
swiftly a right whale may be advancing on the boat, a slight prick 
on this point will arrest his forward motion at once. I think it safe 
to say he will not advance a single yard after the prick is given. 
. . . It is endowed with a backing power simply marvellous 
when we consider the enormous weight moving forward with great 
speed." 




Christ Episcopal Church, Sag Harbor 




St John's Episcopal Church, Southampton 



HISTURY OF THE TUHN OF SOLTHAMFTON 243 

Salmon, 2nd mate of the Arabella in 1847, who. when his 
boat was struck by a furious whale, fell near it as it 
rushed upon him with open jaws, which took in both 
Salmon and the oar. The latter was so far back as to 
prevent the whale's closing them for an instant and Sal- 
mon leaped into the sea actually from the whale's 
mouth. He was picked up l)y another boat, which the 
whale, however, immediately stove in, by luck again 
clutched Salmon in its jaw and, sounding, disappeared 
with him for good. 

In the history of the industry, there have been a 
number of cases where wdiales have attacked not simply 
the boats but the ships themselves, although but one 
such is recorded of Sag Harbor vessels, the old whaler 
Catnillus. In its death flurry, a cachalot struck her a 
terrible blow with its head, staving in her planking. 
Two of the boats' crews were several miles away in pur- 
suit of w^hales, including the captain, Wickham Jen- 
nings, but the 2nd mate, James Reeve of Southampton, 
quickly hoisted barrels of oil from the hold and piling 
them up on the side careened the vessel sufficiently to 
sheath the injury and make the ship fairly tight, and she 
was finally,, with great difficulty, worked all the way to 
the Harbor. 

A partial list of vessels lost by shipwreck has al- 
ready been given. The small islands of the Pacific, 
however, afforded other dangers beside uncharted reefs 
and lee shores in hurricanes. The little bark Superior, 
w^hich was the first vessel to pass through Behring 
Strait, was captured and burned by natives at the Solo- 
mon Islands and all of the crew but three, who were 
subsequently ransomed, were murdered. In 1860 the 
bark Richard D. Wood put in at Treasury Island for 
w^ater and vegetables and was boarded by savages who 
massacred twenty-six of a crew of thirty. 

On the other hand the natives often proved friendly, 
and the delicious climate and ease of living were fre- 
quently too much of a temptation for the sailors, and 
more than one Sag Harbor whaler, putting in at some 
"little lazy isle" sailed away short handed. The desert- 
ing whalemen sometimes settled permanently, taking 



244 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

wives (and the object is not in the plural merely be- 
cause the subject is) and bred up "beach combers." As 
late as 1890, a visitor to Upola, one of the Navigator 
Islands, found the Chief to be Tom Seaman of Sag 
Harbor. * He and another sailor, named Pearsall, had 
shipped in the thirties on the Albatross, and, after an 
eighteen months' cruise, had deserted to try savagery 
and ease. Pearsall, like many others, soon suffered 
from homesickness and died, but Seaman lived in great 
content, even forgetting the English language almost 
entirely. Sam Brant was another who returned to sav- 
age life and lived happily for fifty years, first at New 
Zealand, later at the Fijis and eventually at the Sand- 
wich Islands. 

Many times it fell to the lot of whalers to rescue the 
shipwrecked crews of other vessels, as was the case of 
Capt. Isaac Ludlow, of Bridgehampton, who saved 105 
lives from the British bark Meridian in 1835, and some- 
times such rescues led to interesting results, as was 
notably the case of Capt. Mercator Cooper of Southamp- 
ton. In 1845 he passed a small island, supposed to be 
uninhabited, lying to the southeast of Japan, where, 
however, he found eleven shipwrecked Japanese sailors. 
These he took on board and sailed for Japan, at that 
time of course, strictly closed to all foreigners, except 
the Dutch. On his way he, by chance, rescued eleven 
more from a sinking junk, all of whom he took to the 
harbor of Jeddo, where he was allowed to remain for 
four days, though strictly guarded and not permitted to 
land, t He was treated with marked courtesy, and the 
day before leaving the Emperor sent him tokens of his 

* Pittsburgh Dispatch, June 17, 1894. For Brant see N. Y. 
Sun Feb. 7, 1897. . . ^ o . 

t Although Capt. Cooper's visit preceded Commodore Perry s 
famous one, he v/as not absolutely the first American captain to 
visit Japan as often stated. See account of the voyage of the ship 
Margaret of Salem in 1800, Capt. S. G. Derby. Essex Hist. Coll. 
Vol II,*pp. 166-9. The portrait of Capt. Cooper reproduced here, 
was by a Sag Harbor artist of the period, Hubbard Fordham, of 
whose work much is still to be found here. He never had any 
instruction in drawing or painting, but possessed much natural tal- 
ent. His sister was the mother of the late Wm. Wallace Tooker. 
He lived in the house now owned by Abram Tunison when it 
orginally stood across the street, about a half -block lower. 




St. Andrews Dune Church, Southampton 




John Jermain Library, Sag Harbor 



HISTORY Of THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 245 

appreciation. The story, which is an interesting one 
and of historical value, will be found in full in the Ap- 
pendix, t 

For a full century, Sag- Harbor was the port 
through which the Town carried on its whaling enter- 
prise. There, most of the ship owners lived, there the 
vessels arrived and departed and all of the business inci- 
dental to the industry was conducted. But there could 
scarcely have been during a long period a single family 
in the Town which was not directly interested in the 
success of the trade and the fortunes of some particular 
ship. To detail the Hves of the men engaged in it, 
either as seamen or officers, would be to write a bio- 
graphical dictionary of the period. It influenced all 
their thoughts, affected all their individual destinies, and 
with the decline in its fortunes, those of the Town also 
rapidly declined, until a new period, bringing manu- 
facturing to the Harbor and other changes to the other 
villages, materially altered their economic life. * 

t See Appendix XX. Another early visitor to Japan, through 
Sag Harbor whaling, was Ronald MacDonald, seaman of the ship 
Plymouth, who in June, 1848, received his discharge and was given 
a whaleboat furnished with books and provisions, and left the ship 
off the coast of Japan with the avowed purpose of visiting the Isl- 
ands. He was captured and imprisoned. He taught some of the 
Japanese the English language, but they were anxious to be rid 
of him and he was taken off by the U. S. Ship of War Phebe m 1849. 

* The Cotton Mill, burned in 1879, was built in 1850, gas was 
introduced in 1859, and the Fahys Watch Case Factory built in 1881. 



CHAPTER XII 

CONCLUSION 

In the eleven preceding chapters, we have followed 
the history of the Town from its planting in 1640 down 
to the Civil War, a period of nearly two and a quarter 
centuries. In that time we have seen it grow from a 
single little frontier hamlet to a Township embracing a 
score of villages and a port the name of which was 
known wherever ships sailed the seas in the service of 
one of America's greatest industries. In the last chap- 
ter we saw the decline of that industry and with it the 
decline in the fortunes of the Town. It remains now 
but to allude briefly to some of the events in its last half 
century, and to point out some of the indications of the 
new and altered life upon which it entered during that 
period. 

At its very beginning came the Civil War. The 
actual operations of that conflict were, of course, far 
remote, and its effects here were felt solely through the 
fortunes of those who left their homes and went into 
the fighting forces on land or sea. A list of the honored 
names, as complete as I have been able to make it, com- 
piled from several sources, is given in the Appendix. 
Southampton, of course, alwavs yielded its quota of the 
successive drafts, although here as elsewhere resort had 
to be had to bounty monev, as the war progressed and 
draft succeeded draft. In 1862 the Town was author- 
ized to borrow $30,000 with which to pay each volunteer 
$100 and also to contribute to the support of his family, 
and in the following years additional sums were raised, 
the bounty per man finallv reaching $750 by the end of 



w 



so 
3 




HISTUKY OF THE TOHN OF SOITHAMFTON 247 

1864. This was merely the same story as is found every- 
where throughout the country as the years of the ex- 
hausting- conllict went l)y, and the Town has good rea- 
son to be proud of the long roll of its citizens who volun- 
tarily risked their lives in that struggle. 

With the conclusion of peace the whole country en- 
tered upon a new era, and the two decades following saw 
here the definite passing of three elements which had 
long been interwoven with the Town's history, whaling, 
the Indians and the common ownership of land. 

The first of these came to an end with the sailing of 
the Myra, Sag Harl)or's last whaler, in 1871, and the 
death blow to the second was given five years later l)y 
the wreck of the English ship Circassian, off Mecox, on 
Dec. 29, 1876. This ship, Capt. Williams, bound from 
Liverpool for New York had sailed from the former port 
on Nov. 6, and by the 18th was within 300 miles of 
Sandy Hook, when she encountered terrific gales and 
was forced to beat about, unable to make any port for 
three weeks. On the 30th she picked up the crew of 12 
belonging to the bark Heath Park, which had foundered, 
although herself in distress. After that she continued 
to beat about until finally, on the night of Dec. 10th, in 
a driving storm of snow and sleet she struck the bar 
just west of the Mecox station. The new boat belong- 
ing to the station was on exhibition at the Centennial in 
Philadelphia, but after two unsuccessful efforts a line 
was shot over the stranded ship and all hands saved in 
the morning. 

This episode, however, was merely preliminary to 
the tragedy. In an effort to save the vessel, which had 
every prospect of success, a wrecking crew made up of 
men from New York and ten Shinnecock Indians, was 
placed on board. The latter were the flower of their 
tribe and the last of the pure bloods. In preparing the 
ship and waiting for a favorable moment to try to float 
her. time was consumed until the 29th of December 
when a terrible storm came up. Thirty-two men were 
on board of her, but it was impossible to launch any 
boat from the shore, the waves breaking on the dunes. 
At 4.30 in the morning, the vessel broke in two and the 



248 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

mizzenmast, on which all the men had taken refuge, fell 
fifteen minutes later, carrying every one into the sea. 
But four men were rescued from the waves alive, twen- 
ty-eight, including all of the Indians being drowned. * 
It is doubtful if any absolutely pure bloods remained, 
although the Shinnecocks still technically constitute a 
tribe and live on their reservation at Shinnecock Neck, 
the admixture of negro blood being present in every 
case. As a pure blooded race it died that December 
night in 1876, and of the original owners of Southamp- 
ton soil not one remained. 

The third element which also passed forever at this 
period was the common ownership of land. The origin 
and nature of the "common lands" have been discussed 
in Chapter III and some of its subsequent "Divisions" 
noted in later ones. The distinction will be recalled 
which existed between the "Commoners," or "Proprie- 
tors," who owned an interest in the common land, and 
the mere inhabitants or Townsmen, who owned only 

* Other wrecks of this period were: 1870, week of June 16, 
schooner Mary Rich off Southampton. 1874, Jan. 23, French ship 
Alexandre Lavalley, finally abandoned. She was loaded partly 
with ale, porter and wine, and Mrs. White said of her: "Some of 
her cargo found its way to the cellars of our villagers and even 
now, on rare occasions, an enquiry as to the origin of some choice 
brand of 'good cheer' meets with the response of 'Lavalley.' " 1878, 
Jan. 28, Norwegian bark Frederick, total loss, off Westhampton. 
Also, same year, schooner Annie C. Cook, off Shinnecock, total loss. 
Also, Loretta Fish, just east of Sagg Lane, total loss. 1879, week 
of Aug. 7, the Lizzie, Vanderbilt Line, came ashore off Mecox in a 
fog, loaded with cattle, which swam ashore. Ship saved. Same 
year, Aug. 21, twenty-two small vessels were blown ashore at Sag 
Harbor. 1881, Feb. 28, three-masted schooner Walter B. Chester, 
off East Quogue in a fog. Total loss. 1882, week of June 1, brig- 
antine Daylight, off Georgica. 1886, week of Apr. 8, steamer 
Europa ashore off Quogue in a fog. 1887, Sept. 7, schooner Hattie 
A. White foundered off Shinnecock. 1894, Apr. 7, schooner Benja- 
min B. Church, off Mecox, total loss. August, same year, steamer 
Panther foundered off Southampton and coal barge Lykens Valley 
went to pieces on the bar; 18 lives lost. Sept. 11, four-masted 
schooner John K. Souther came ashore off Mecox; saved and re- 
sumed voyage. 1896, full rigged ship Otto; saved. 1897, Jan. 21, 
schooner Nahum Chapin, off Quogue; all hands (9) lost. 1904, 
Jan. 23, four-masted schooner Augustus Hunt lost off West Hamp- 
ton, two lives saved, eight lost. 1914, Nov. 21, three-masted 
schooner, Geo. D. Jenkins, on bar off Shinnecock. 1916, July 22, 
four-masted iron bark Clan Galbraith on the beach off Wickapogue, 
completely high and diy at low tide. Finally pulled off Aug. 4, 



HISTORY Of THE TOtVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 249 

individual freehold property without such interest; and 
also the fact that "commonage" could be bought and 
sold and pass by inheritance. 

By these transfers the number of Proprietors had 
become greatly enlarged, their individual rights be- 
coming correspondingly less, while with every Division 
the amount of common land remaining undivided of 
course decreased, so that a generation ago the common 
land had been practically all divided, while the number 
of Proprietors, through the subdivisions incident to the 
changes of some eight generations, had become exceed- 
ingly numerous though with individually extremely 
small interests of almost no ascertainable value. In the 
meantime, however, the claims of the Proprietors as 
against the Town had not been wholly unchallenged. 
The terms and phraseology of the Dongan Patent were 
held by some to invalidate the rights of the Proprietors, 
and this was made use of to force them to a compromise 
they having, at the beginning of the last century^ ex- 
tended their claims to include the products of the Town 
waters. Committees of the Town and of the Proprietors 
met in 1816, and in 1818 a Bill was prepared by a joint 
conference of representatives of the two parties which 
was passed in the Legislature. This bill gave to the 
Proprietors the undivided lands, meadows and mill 
streams, and to the Town the "power to make laws, 
rules or regulations concerning the waters (other than 
the mill streams), the fisheries, the seaweed, or any 
other productions of the waters" of the Town, even on 
the shores of common lands, "which waters, fisheries, 
seaweed and productions of the waters shall be managed 
bv the Trustees of the Freeholders and commonalty of 
the Town of Southampton" etc. These rights remain 
to the Town today. 

In 1882, by private sale and in a number of deeds, 
the Trustees of the Undivided Common Lands sold and 
transferred to Rufus Say re (who soon transferred to 
others) all of their interests east of Halsey's Neck Lane, 
and to Henry W. Maxwell everything west of that 
lane, with the exception of two small items which were 
sold to other individuals. The Trustees all resigned in 



250 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

1890 with the intention of a final dissolution of the body^; 
but as it was found that it might possibly be convenient 
to continue its existence in connection with land titles 
a board was re-elected on Sept. 7, 1912, consisting of six 
members. No meetings are held. 

Of the property sold by them in 1882, the main item 
was the fee of all highways not originally laid out on 
private land. This ownership in fee of the roadbed ap- 
plies to nearly all the highways in the Town, and by 
some it is contended that if such highways were aban- 
doned by the Town, the ownership would revert to the 
heirs or assigns of the 1882 purchasers and not to the 
owners of the abutting property. Early in the last cen- 
tury the Proprietors claimed not only the reversionary 
interest but the right to sell portions of the highways 
even when still used by the Town. From this arose the 
famous Sagg Mill lawsuit about 1840, the Proprietors 
having granted the right to move a windmill on to the 
very wide roadway at Sagg a little south of the Elisha 
O. Hedges house. Paul Topping brought suit against 
them, won it in the Supreme Court at Riverhead, and 
the mill was removed. It is of interest to note that this 
case was not wholly without precedent over 600 years 
old, the Statute of Merton, 20 Henry III in 1235 stating 
that every complaint of the encroachment on pasture 
rights "shall be dismissed, when such suit shall have 
been caused on the common pasture by the building of 
a windmill." * 

Thus, after two centuries and a half, passed from 
the life of the community the three elements which, in 
varying degrees at dififerent periods, had all done so 
much to influence and mould the developmentof the little 
settlement and the subsequent hfe of the Town. With 
the passing, almost within a decade of each other, of the 
Indians, of whaling and of the system of common owner- 
ship of land, Southampton marked almost dramatically 
the close of its first two hundred and fifty years and the 
change from old to new. Nor was the passing of the 
old more distinctly marked than the coming of the new, 
for it was also just at this time that the railroad was ex- 

* Quoted by Nasse, Agric. Community, p. 64. 




w 



M 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 251 

tended through to Southampton and Sag Harbor in 
1870, and with this added ease of communication with 
New York, began ahuost at once the changes which to a 
considerable extent have altered both the lives and ap- 
pearance of the old villages of the Town. Then also 
began the coming of the "summer people," housed at 
first in boarding houses and modest cottages, their 
numbers and scale of living increasing until now the 
transformation is nearly complete and summer homes, 
rivalling in many cases those of Newport, are scattered 
all over these peaceful villages and quiet countryside. 
This change is, of course, most noticeable in South- 
ampton village itself, where the transformation has 
gone the furthest. In Sag Harbor the new era took a 
somewhat different form and manufacturing plants have 
given it an impetus along industrial lines. There is a 
change also, however, even in the local farming life and 
the original American type is giving place to some ex- 
tent, as throughout New England, to foreigners, these 
being represented locally largely by Irish and Poles, the 
latter mainly from Russia. 

Under the influence of the new standards of living, 
now everywhere general, and in many cases helped by 
large gifts from those who have come to the Town from 
elsewhere and become interested in it, many notable 
buildings have been erected and new institutions 
founded in the past few years. The Pierson High 
School in Sag Harbor, built in 1907 and first used in 
January, 1908. * was the gift of Mrs. Russell Sage, who 
also maintains the John Jermain Memorial Library in 
that place, built in 1909. f The new High School build- 
ing in Southampton was completed in 1916. and a li- 
brary had also been given to that village in 1892 by the 
bequest of Miss Harriet lones Rogers of certain real 

* The clock in the building- was the one in the old Presbyterian 
Church as also the bell. Mrs. Sage is a descendant of Lt. Col. 
Pierson, of Sagg, and of Major John Jermain. Her present house in 
Sag Harbor was originally built by Beni. Huntting ?.nd was pur- 
chased by her in 1907. Before the establishment of the new High 
Schools the most noted school in the Town was probably the old 
Bridgehampton Academy, founded in 1859 and continued until 1907, 
Prof. L. W. Hallock being principal from 1872. For a full account 
see Memorials, pp. 181-183. 

t Opened June 18, 1910, formally opened Oct. 10, 1910. 



252 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

estate and $10,000, the Library being incorporated the 
next year and the present building erected in 1895. J 

In that village also was generously established the 
beautiful Art Museum by Mr. Samuel L. Parrish for the 
benefit of the people of Southampton in 1898, the build- 
ing being added to in 1902 by Mr. James C. Parrish. 

In 1909 at a meeting held under the auspices of the 
Village Improvement Society * in Southampton, ar- 
rangements were made to employ a district nurse and 
the following year the Southampton Hospital Associa- 
tion was organized, and as a result of efforts made by 
those interested in it, the present hospital was built in 
1912, being opened and dedicated Washington's Birth- 
day, 1913, the new wing being added 1917. 

The period under hasty review in this concluding 
chapter has also witnessed the establishment of five new 
churches, including the finest church building on the 
eastern end of the Island, the Roman Catholic Church 
in Southampton village erected in 1907. f 

% See A Brief Account of the Rogers Memorial Library. 

* This Society is said to be the second oldest in the country 
having been organized at a meeting held at Dr. T. G. Thomas' 
house in New York, Oct. 25, 1881. The presidents have been 
Messrs. F. H. Betts, Geo. H. Schieffelin, Salem H. Wales, James H. 
Foster, James F. Ruggles, Dr. P. F. Chambers, Mr. A. L. Morton, 
Dr. T. G. Thomas and Dr. Albert H. Ely (since 1902). 

t "Before the Civil War Catholicity was almost an unknown 
quantity in the Village of Southampton. ... In those days, 
Catholics of Eastern Long Island were spiritually ministered to by a 
Father Joseph Bruneman who visited Sag Harbor every 4 weeks and 
East Hampton every 6 weeks. ... A few years later a Father 
Keane took up permanent residence in Sag Harbor. He was suc- 
ceeded by a Father Gallagher. Then came to Sag Harbor as the 
resident the Rev. J. J. Hefernan, during whose pastorate the Cath- 
olic parish of Southampton had its birth." The first mass was of- 
fered in the house of Mr. James Cavanagh, who gave the use of his 
land for a temporary church, built in 1881. The second church, 
built on property acquired on Hill St., was built in 1893. In Aug., 
1896, Rev. Wm. S. Kirby became the first resident pastor of South- 
ampton. During his pastorate the church was moved and a Parochial 
residence built. He died Jan. 31, 1902, and was succeeded by Rev. 
Francis J. O'Hara. In 1904 additional land was bought and the 
present church built in 1907, T. H. Poole & Co., being the architects. 
It contains a 300-year-old pulpit donated by Dr. Keyes. The parish 
has a winter population of about 1,500 and 3,000 in summer. In 
1913 Father O'Hara was transferred to Brooklyn and Rev. Thos. J. 
Leonard succeeded him, being in turn succeeded by Rev. John F. 
Cherry, Mar. 2, 1916, to whom I am indebted for the information as 
to the Catholic churches in Southampton and Bridgehampton. 




Southampton High School 







' Jl. 


MJiutimii II 




El 


111 1 1 1 LI 1 


§if^la31'*!fl3l^lH 


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isni 




^Bmnisn^-MjmimM 




' 



Pierson High School, Sag Harbor 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 253 

St. Andrews Dune Church had been founded by 
summer residents in 1879 under the original name of St. 
Andrews by the Sea, changed in 1884. The building, 
the central part of which was originally the Life Saving 
Station built in 1851, contains much of interest. The 
oak corbels supporting the four corner posts under the 
lantern are from Blytheburgh Church, Suffolk, England, 
dating from 1442 and were the gift of the patron of that 
church. Sir John Blois. The old English Bible and 
Prayer Book were printed in 1638, while the chancel and 
choir chairs date from 1681. Among the luicharistic 
vessels is an Irish paten of 1684 and a Florentine chalice 
of apparently about 1550. In the grounds outside are 
the big iron pot which was used for trying out whale 
l)lubber and the anchor and chain from the wrecked 
Lykens Valley, together with a cannon from the Alex- 
andre Lavalley. 

This church did not serve the needs of the winter 
population, however, and in 1908 the Rev. Samuel C. 
Fish established St. John's, which erected the present 
building on Main St. in 1912, dedicated June 29, 1913. 
For about four years previously, from July 12, 1908, ser- 
vices had been regularly held in the Art Museum. 

Meanwhile two additional churches had also been 
established in Bridgehampton, St. Ann's, * and the Ro- 
man Catholic Church, t 

With this brief summary of the new era in the 
Town, our history of its long Hfe, with its many changes, 
properly ends. Nor will I attempt to add further details 
as to the life of the present day. The task which I set 
myself lay rather. with the things of the past. In the fore- 
going volume. I have tried to tell in simple fashion the 

* Established as a Mission of St. Luke's", East Hampton, 1906. 
Rev. S. C. Fish has been in charge since June 10, 1907. The present 
property was bought 1908 and the connection with East Hampton 
severed. The little church, which had been a former club house, 
was moved to the new site and the old Atlantic House used as a 
Parish House until 1915 when the present one was given by Mr. 
John E. Berwind. 

t Ground was bought in 1913 and the Church of the Queen of 
the Most Holy Kosary incorporated May 18, 1914. The church 
building, the architect of which was F. Burrall Hoffman, was dedi- 
cated July 11, 1915. 



254 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Story of one of the many little communities planted in 
this country of ours nearly three centuries ago and 
through the growth and development of which there 
came into being a new nation. The scale has been 
small, the background meagre, the charm of antiquity 
and the enchantment of romance and legend have per- 
haps been lacking, but the tale has not been without 
value, I trust, for those interested in the struggle of 
our race for self expression and self government, and in 
the growth of that nation in which today, even more 
perhaps than ever before, lie the hopes of the future of 
the world. 




O 



APPENDICES 



APPENDIX I 



THE DISPOSALL OF THE VESSELL 



March 10, 1639 [1640 N. S.] 
In consideracon that Edward Howell hath disbursed 15 lb. and 
Edmond ffarington 10 lb., Josias Stanborough 5 lb., George Welbe 
10 lb., Job Sayre 5 lb., Edmond Needham 5 lb., Henry Walton 10 lb., 
and Thomas Sayre 5 lb., Itt is Agreed vpon that wee, the forenamed 
vndertakers haue disposed of our seueral pts of our vessell to 
Daniell How. In Consideracon whereof hee is to transporte them so 
much goods either to them their heirs, executors and Assignes, (If 
they shall desire it) as their Several Somme or Sommes of Monney 
Shall Ammount unto, and moreover, to each of those persons Aboue 
named or their Assignes, he shall transporte to each man A person 
and A tunne of goods free. But in case that any of the forenamed 
Persons shall not haue occasion for the transpoi-tacon of soe much 
goods as his money shall Ammount vnto, that then the said Daniell 
is to make them payment of the remainder of the monney by the 
end of two yeares next ensueing the date hereof, and likewise this 
vessell shall be for the vse of the Plantacon, and that the said 
Daniell shall not sell this vessell without the consent of the Maior 
pt. of the Company. And that the vessell shall be reddy at the 
Towne of Lynne to transporte such goods as the aforesaid vnder- 
takers shall Appointe, that is to say, three tymes in the yeare, 
ffurthermore, if In case that any Person or Persons shall not haue 
occasion to Transport any goods that then the said Daniell is to pay 
them their Somme or Sommes of Monney together with Allowence 
for A tunne of goods and A person within the tearme of two years 
next ensueing the date hereof, And for the full performance of * 
"* * said Daniell hath * our [three lines gone] ffurthermore 
where as it is expressed formerly that the vessell shall come to our 
Intended Plantacon three tymes in the yeare, we thought good to 
express the tymes, viz: the first Moneth, the fourth moneth and 
the eighth moneth. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 257 

ffurthermore fFor the rates of persons, goods and chattell, if 
there proue any difference betweene vs, the vndertakers and the 
Said Daniell How, that then it shall be reffered to two men whome 
they and he shall chuse. 

ffurthermore for as much as Allen Bread, Thomas Halsey and 
William Marker Are by the Consent of the company come into and 
party vndertakers with vs, we Edward Howell Daniell How and 
Henry Walton have consigned three of our pts. that is to each man 
a howse lott, plantinge lott and faime answerable to the rest of ye 
vndertakers for their disbursement of five pounds A m^n to vjs the 
aboue said vndertakers, That is to say whereas Mr. Howell had 3 
lotts he shall have but two, and Daniell How for 3 lotts shall have 
but two and Henry Walton for 2 lotts shall have but one. 
Edward Howell 
Daniell How 
Henr. Walton. 

Forasmuch as wee, Edward Howell, Edmond ffarington, Ed- 
mond Needham, Daniel How, Josias Stanborough, Thomas Saire, 
Job Saire, George Welbe and Henry Walton & Thomas Halsey, Al- 
len Bread and William Harker haue disbursed four score pounds 
fFor the settinge fforward A Plantacon and in regard wee have taken 
vpon vs to transporte at our owne prop costs and charges all such 
persons as shall goe at the first voyage when those of our company 
that are chosen thereunto shall goe upon discouery and search and 
to beginne and settle a plantacon. and ffurthermore, in regard all 
such persons soe goinge upon our accompt, haue in our vessell the 
ffreedom of half a tunne of goods a person it is thought meete that 
wee the forenamed undertakers should not at any tyme nor tymes 
here after be lyable to any rates, taxes or Impositions, nor be putt 
vpon any fenceing, building of meeting house, erectinge ffortifica- 
tions, buildinge of bridges, prepairinge highways nor otherwise 
charged for any cause or reason whatsoeuer during the tyme of our 
discontinuance in our Intended Plantacon except yt in the fenceing 
in of plantinge lotts, euery man shall with his neighbors fence or 
cause to be fenced by the first day of April wch shall be 1641. 

ffurthermore because of the delayinge to lay out the bounds 
of townes and all such land within the said bowndes hath bene gen- 
erally the ruin of townes in this country, therefore wee the said 
vndertakers haue thought good to take upon us the dispose of all 
landes within our said boundes soe yt wch wee lay out for A house 
Lott shall at all tymes from tyme to tyme here after continue to be 
A house lott and but one dwelling house shall be builded vpon it, 
and those lotts yt wee lay out for plantinge lotts shall not at any 
tyme nor tymes hereafter be made house lotts whereby more Inhab- 
itants might be received into our said Plantacon to the ouer charge- 



268 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 

ing of Commons and the Impoverishinge of the towne, and yt alsoe 
what is layed out for commons shall continue commons and noe man 
shall presume to Incroach vpon it not so much as A handes breadth, 
and what soever we lay out for farmes shall so remaine for after 
tyme, and ye disposall of all such lands soe layed out shall be at all 
tymes and from tyme to tyme hereafter at the will and pleasure of 
vs, the vndertakers, or executors, administrators and assigns [3 
lines gone] and alsoe, who soever selleth his Accommodations in the 
towne shall sell house lott and plantinge lote or lotts and meadow 
Intirely and if hee sel his farme he shall not deuide it but sell it 
together, viz: his ffarme Intirely and his Accommodations in ye 
Towne Intirely. Moreouer whosoever cometh in by vs shall hould 
himselfe satisfyed with four Achres to an house lott and twelve 
achres to a plantinge lott and soe much meddow and vpland as may 
make his Accommodations fRfty achres, except wee, the said under- 
takers, shall see cause to Inlarge that proportion by A farme or 
otherwise, ffurthermore noe person nor persons whasoeur shall 
challenge or claime any proper Interest in seas, rivers, creekes, or 
brooks howsoeuer bounding or passing through his groimds but 
ffreedom of fishing, fowling and nauigation shall be common to all 
within the bankes of the said waters whatsoeuer. 

And Whosoever shall fell any tree or trees in highwayes, is 
either to grubb them vp by the rootes or else to cut them smooth up 
even by the grounde, and take the tree or trees out of all such high- 
ways. And whosoever felleth any tree or trees in the commons shall 
either carry away the body or bodyes thereof with ye Aptnances or 
else sett or lay it up on heapes so as the pasture for chattel or 
passage for man or beaste may not have any Annoyance. Likewise 
noe person nor persons whatsoever shall fell or lopp or carry away 
any tree or trees, firewood or otherwise, off or from any lott or 
lotts whatsoeuer for as is the lande so shall ye Aptnances bee every 
mans owne peculiar property. 

Neither shall any person make or use any highwayes, paths or 
otherwise ouer any persons howse lott, plantinge lott or meadow, 
but shall upon all occasions use the Alloued wayes layed out for yt 
end. 

ffurthermore it is thought meete that if the said vndertakers 
make any Composition with any person or persons yt lay claime * 
* manifest his or their * * * in any part or parts in all * * 
of the place where god shall cause or direct us to beginne our In- 
tended plantation * * * the [2 lines gone] And it come to pass 
yt wee the said undertakers shall either in our owne names or in 
the names of the Inhabitants In generall promise to pay or cause to 
be payed any somme or sommes of money, goods or chattell, fines or 
rates, or the like as may hereafter be thought meete proportionab'.y 



HISTORY UF THE TOPfN Oh SOUTHAMFTON 259 

to what they Inioy and that then every person or persons Inhabit- 
inge within the boundes of our plantation, being owners of land 
there, that they shall be contented and pleased to help to beare A 
share or shares from tyme to tyme and at all tymes hereafter, of 
all such payments as may be required of vs, the forenamed vnder- 
takers, or executors, Administrators or Assigns, and yt his or their 
subscribinge to these presents may be a sufficient declaration under 
all such persons handes, yt they doe Approue of all the premises 
here specified. 

Lastly, wee the said undertakers testify by these presents in 
our admittinge of Inhabitants to our Intended plantacon that wee 
without any kinde of reservation, leave men ffree to choose and 
determine all causes and controuerseys, Arbiti'ary among them- 
selves, And that whensoever it shall please the lord, and he shall see 
it goode to adde to vs such men as shall be fitt matter for A church, 
that then wee will in that thinge lay ourselues downe before ye 
constitutes there of either to be or not to bee I'eceaued as members 
thereof according as they shall discerne the worke of god to be in 
our hearts. 

Edward Howell, Ye marke of 

Edmond Needham, Edmond X ffarington 

Josiah Stanborough, Job Sayre 

Daniell How, 
Henr. Walton, George Welbe, 

mark of Thomas Halsey, 

Allen X Bread, William Harker 

Vndertakers. 
The mark of Philip Kyrtland 

Thomas -|- Newell Nathaniel Kirtland 

John ffarrington Thomas ffarrington 

the mark of Thom Terry 

Richard O Odell ( ? ) 

These are to giue notice that wee, the aforesaid company of 
vndertakers, doe fully and ffreely give our consentt that John Cooper 
shall and is admitted an vndertaker with the like full and lymited 
. power with our selues in all cases yt may concerne our Plantacon. 
Edward Howell, 
The marke of Edmond X ffamngton, 
Edmond Needham, 
Thomas Halsey, 
The marke of Allen X Bread, 
Daniel How, 
Henr. Walton, 



260 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

APPENDIX II 

A DECLARATION OF THE COMPANY 

Know all men whome these presents may conceme yt whereas 
it is expressed in one Artickle that the power of disposinge of lands 
and Admission of Inhabitants into our plantation shall at all tymes 
remain in the hands of vs the said vndertakers to vs and our heirs 
forever, that our true intent and meaninge is that when our plan- 
tacon is layed out by those Appointed according to our Artickles 
and that there shall be a church gathered and constituted according 
to the minde of christ that then wee doe ffreely lay downe our power 
both of orderinge and disposeing of the plantacon and receiving of 
Inhabitants or any other thing that may tende to the good and wel- 
fare of ye place at the feete of Christ and his church, provided that 
they shall not doe anythinge contrary to the true meaneinge of the 
fformer Artickles. 

ffurthermore whereas it is expressed in A fformer Artickle yt 
the lande of ye undertakers shall at all tymes remaine ffree from 
affording any helpe to builde meetinge house or making of bridge or 
bridges or mendinge of highwayes or the lyke during the tyme of 
their discontinuance from our Plantacon it is thought meete that it 
shall take place and stand in force but two yeares vnless there bee 
some goode reason given for it and then those shall have land only 
for the third year provided that within the third year they come 
back againe * * * ye 4th day of ye 4th * 16— [one line 
partly gone]. 

In Witness of these two Artickles foregoinge we have set to our 
handes. 

The marke of Edward Howell, 

Edmond X ffarrington, Thomas Halsey, 

John Cooper, Daniel How, 

Edm.ond Needham, Thomas Sayre, 

Henr. Walton, 

These are to give notice that wee the afore sayd vndertakers 
doe fully and freely give our consent that Mr. John Gosmere shall 
and is admitted an vndertaker with the like full and limited power 
with our selues in all cases yt Concerne our Plantacon. 
Edward Howell, The marke of 

Edmond Needham, Allen X Bread, 

Henr. Walton Thomas Sayre, 

John Cooper, The marke of 

William Harker, Edmond X ffarrington. 

Job Sayre, Thomas Halsey. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 261 

APPENDIX III 

A PATTENT GRAUNTED FROM JAMES FFORREST &c TO 

SEVERALL PERSONS &c. 

Know all men whome this present wryting may concerne that I 
JAMES FFORREST of LONG ISLAND Gent Deputy to ye Rt: 
Honb'e ye EARL OF STARLING Secretary for ye Kingdome of 
SCOTLAND doe by these presents in ye name & behalfe of ye said 
Earlc, & in myne oune name also as his Deputy as it doth or may 
anyway concerne myself give and graunt free leaue & liberty to 
DANIELL HOW, JOB SAYER, GEORGE WILKS, & WILLM 
MARKER togethr wth their Associates to sitt downe upon LONG 
ISLAND aforesaid there to possesse improve & injoy Eight myles 
square of Land or so much as shall Conteyne ye said quantity not 
onely Uplandt but also wtsoever medow marish ground Harbours 
Ryvers & Creeks lye within ye bounds or lymitts of ye said Eight 
myles ye same & eury prticular thereof quietly & peaceably to 
possesse to them and their heires for ever wth out any disturbance, 
Lett or molestation from ye said Earle or any by his appointmt or 
procuremt for him or any of his, & that they are to take thoir Choice 
to sitt downe upon as best liketh them. And also that they and 
their Associates shall injoy as full & free liberty in all matters that 
doe or may concerne them or theirs or that may conduce to ye 
good & comfort of them and theirs both in Church ordr & Civill 
Goyernmt Togethr wth all othr easemts conveniencyes & accommo- 
dations whatsoever wch ye said place doth or may afford answerable 
to what other Plantations enjoye in MASSACHUSETTS BAY, But 
inasmuch as it hath ricascd our Royall Kinge to giue & graunt ye 
pattent of LONG ISLAND to the aforesaid Earle In consideration 
thereof it is agreed that ye trade with ye Indians shall reniaine to 
ye said EARLE OF STARLING to dispose of from tyme to tyme & 
at all tymes as best liketh him Onely the aforesaid DANIELL HOW 
& his Copartners shall have liberty to make choyce of one man 
amongst them that shall fully trade with ye Indians in their behalfe 
for any victualls with in theire cwne plantations but not for Warn-, 
pom, And if any of the aforesaid persons or any for them shall 
secretly trade with ye Indians for Wampom whether directlv or in- 
directly without leave or lycense from ye sd Earl or his Assignes ve 
said person or persons so offending shaU pay for every fathome of 
Wampom, so Traded, to ye said Earle or h's assignee ye sume of 
twenty shillings Further it is agreed upon Th-^.t whatsoever shall ba 
thought meet by ye Rt Worpt. JNO WINTHROP Esar. Governor 
of ye MASSACHUSETTS BAY to be given to ye EARLE OF 



262 HISTORY Of THE TOM^N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

STARLING in way of acknowledgmt as ye Patentee of ye place 
shall be duely & truely paid Furthermore it is agreed upon that no 
man shall by vertue of any guift or purchase lay any clayme to 
any Land lying wth in ye compasse of ye Eight Myles beforemen- 
tioned but onely the aforesaid Inhabitants shall make purchase (in 
their owne names at their own leasure from any Indian that In- 
habitt or have LawfuU right to any of th' aforesaid Land) all or 
any parte thereof & thereby assure it to themselves and their heires 
as their Inheritance for ever. In witnes whereof we have hereunto 
sett or hands & seale ye 17th day of Aprill 1640. 

Memorandm, that ye true meaning of Mr. FFORREST is that 
whereas he hath formerly purchased certaine Land in LONG ISL- 
AND for ye EARLE OF STARLING or himselfe that he doth by 
theise prsents fully release all clayme & Interest in ye Lands aboue 
mentioned or persons that shall sit downe upon it with all Title to 
Govemmt whether in Church or in Comon wealth, All wch is to be 
clearly & fully drawne upon according to ye true meaning of this 
Agreemt when things shall be settled & concluded by ye Rt Worpt 
JOHN WINTHROP abouementioned. 

Signed James Forrest. [Seale] 

Sealed & Delivered in the prsence of Theop: Eaton, Jno Davenport, 
A True Copy pr me Henry Pierson Registr 

GOVERNOR WINTHROP'S JUDGMENT OF YE PRCEDING 
WRYTING 

I JOHN WINTHROP with in named having seriously consid- 
ered of that within this wryting is referred to my determynation 
although I am very unwilling to to take it upon me & as unfitt, also' 
ye rather being to seek of any Rule or approved President to guide 
me herein yet being called hereunto I shall expresse \ft I conceiue 
to be equall upon ye Considerations here ensuing (viz't) The Land 
wth in graunted being a mere Wildernesse & ye natives of ye place 
prtending some Interest wch ye Planters must purchase & they 
might have had long enough Gratis (& as Convenient) in ye MAS- 
SACHUSETTS or othr of ye Colonyes with ye liberty to trade with 
ye Indians (wch they are here debarred from) & for that they had 
possest & improved this place before any Actuall clayme made 
thereunto by ye Rt. Honble ye EARLE of STARLINGE, or had any 
notice of his Lopps Pattents, And Whereas his Lopp (considerate I 
suppose of ye prmisses) requires nothing of them but in way of 
acknowledgmt of his Interest I doe hereupon Concerne & do ac- 
cordingly (so farre as power is given me) ordr & sett downe that 
ye Inhabitants of ye Tract of Land within Mentioned on ye Plan- 
tation now called SOUTH-HAMPTON upon LONG ISLAND & 
their successors for ever shall pay yearely to ye said EARL of 



HISTORY OF THE TOIi'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 263 

STARLING his heires or Assignes upon ye last day of Septembr at 
SOUTH HAMPTON aforesaid fower Bushells of ye best Indian 
Corne there growing or ye value of so much in full satisfaction of 
all Rents & service (the fifth Parte of Gould & Sylver are to ye 
Kings Matie reserued alwayes excepted) In Testimonye Whereof I 
have hereunto sett my hand Dated ye 20th of Octobr 1641. 

Signed John Winthrop. 

A true copy pr me Henry Pierson, Register. 
Recorded for Southampton. 



APPENDIX IV 

CONVEYANCE OF LANDS ON LONG ISLAND BY JAMES 
FARRET DEPUTY OF THE EARL OF STERLING 

Know all men whom this present writing may concern that I, 
James Farret of Long Island Gent: Deputy to the Right Hon'ble the 
Earle of Stirling Secretarie for the Kingdom of Scotland do by 
these presents in the name and behalf of the said Earle of Stirling 
and in my own name as doth or may concerne myself give up all 
Rights, Titles, Claims and Demands of and from all Patent Right, 
of all those lands lying and being bounded between Peacooeck and 
the eastermost point of long Island with the whole breadth of the 
said Island from sea to sea with all lands and premises contained 
within the said limits, excepting those lands already granted unto 
any person by me, the said Farrett under my hand and seale unto 
Edward Howell, Daniel How, Job Sayer, and their associates heires 
and successors both now and for ever against the claymes of any 
person or persons whatsoever clayming by from or under the said 
Earle of Starling, and do in His Lops name and in my owii name as 
it doth conceme myself in consideration of Barge Hire besides they 
being drove off by the Dutch from the place where they were by 
me planted to their great damage by and with a competent summe 
of money in hand paid before the sealing and delivering of these 
presents all amounting unto four hundred pounds sterl'g the Receipt 
thereof and of every part thereof I acknowledge by these presents, 
doe acquit discharge and exonerate the said Edward Howell Daniel 
How Job Sayer and their associates Heires and successors for ever 
giving up unto the said parties Heires successors as absolute a right 
title and propriety as the said Earle received of the Corporation for 
new England incorporated by King James, the eighteenth year of 



264 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

His Reign over England Scotland France and Ireland And that I 
the said James Farrett having myself full power to make over the 
Patent all or part in his Lops name and for his Lops use by vertue 
of my letters of Attorney bearing date 1637 by vertue of which 
Agencie I have made a sale of the same for his Lops use i-eceived 
the summe aforesaid of the said Edward Howell Daniel How Job 
Sayer and their Associates and that the same parties Heires and 
successors have as absolute power to erect wholesome laws and 
ordinances among themselves as the Earle of Starling had conveyed 
to him by the Corporation aforesaid, the said Edward Howell Dan- 
iell Howe Job Sayer and Successors owing Allegiance to the Crown 
of England and paying the fifth part of gold and silver ore to His 
Majesty with what Royalties belongeth to the said Corporation 
their Heires and Successors shall be likewise paid upon demand 
as is exprest in his Lops Patent. Lastly I promise in His Lops name 
that his Lop His Heires and successors shall maintaine the said 
Edward Howell Daniel Howe Job Sayer their Heires and successors 
in the peaceable enjoyment of the premises against all persons 
whatsoever In witnesse hereof I have hereunto set my hand and 
seale the 12th of June 1639.* 

James Farrett 
Witnesse Mathew Sunderland. 
Ck true Copie compared Rob't Sinckley 

J Henry Pearson, Reg'r marke 

1 May the 6th 1671. Thorn: T Cooper 

^ his 

FARRET'S CONFIRMATION JULY 7th 1640 
Memorandum: It is agreed upon between Jamei ff arret agent, 
and Edward Howell, John Gosnier, Edmund ffarrington, Daniel Howe, 
Thomas Halsey, Edmund Needham, Allen Breed, Thomas Sayre, 
Henry Walton, George Welby, William Harker and Job Sayre: that 
whereupon it is agreed upon in a covenant passed between us touch- 
ing the extent of a plantacon in Long Island, that the aforesaid Mr. 
Edward Howell and his copartners shall enjoy eight miles square of 
land or so much as the said eight miles shall containe, and that now 
lie in said bounds being layed out and agreed upon: It is to begin 
at a place westward from Shinnecock entitled the name of the 
place where the Indians drawe over their cannoes out of the north 
bay over to the south side of the island, and from there to run 
along that neck of land eastward the whole breadth between the 
bays aforesaid to the easterly end of an Island or neck of land 
lying over against the Island commonly known by the name of Mr. 
ffarret's Island. To enjoy all and every parte there of according as 



♦Date should be 1640, but is given 1639 in the London copy. 



HISTORY OF THE TOll'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 265 

yt is expressed in our agreement elsewhere, with that Island or 
neck lying over against Mr. ffarret's Island formerly expressed. 

James Farret. 
Thomas Dexter ) 
Richard Walker | Witnesses 

APPENDIX V 

LORD STERLING'S CONFIRMATION OF THE SALE OF 

LONG ISLAND 

I William Earle of Sterline doe make knowne to all men to 
whom it doth or may concerne, that whereas James Farret Gent: 
my lawfull Agent upon Long Island &c in America hath disposed 
by sale of divers lands in my name and for my use upon the said 
Island and Islands adjacent within my pattent according to t>£ 
power given him by myself e Aprill 1637, unto Edward Howell, Da .a- 
iel Howe, and their heires and successours for ever as from Peacon- 
net to ye eastermost poynte of ye said Long Island; and unto John 
Thomas and Edward Farington and successively to the longest- 
liver of them and to his heires and assignes for ever; and unto 
Mathew Sunderland and his heires and assignes for ever; I say 
whatsoever bargaine contract and conclusion the above named par- 
ties (for themselves heires and assignes for ever) have made w'th 
Mr. Faret, according to the custome of New England, I tha said 
Wm. Earle of Sterline ratifie and hold of value in law; and doe 
upon the request of my said Agent James Faret by these presentes 
bind myselfe heires and assignes to doe any further act or thing 
whereby or wherewith ye titles of ye above named parties (vizt) 
Howell, How, Farringtones, Sunderland and their heires and suc- 
cesso'rs for ever, may be strengthened, w'ch they have under the 
hand and scale of my foresaid Agent James Farret, of w'ch I am 
by him fully satisfied; and that he hath in full satisfaction for the 
said lands for my use received a competent sum of money, in con- 
sideracon of w'ch money I doe acquit all right, title, interest and 
demand of and to ye sd lands and patent right for ever. Witness 
my hand and scale this twentieth day of August, one thousand six 
hundred thirty nine.* 

(Signed) Sterline. 

In the presence of ^ ^^"^^^ Ramsey 
/ John Johnson 
Vera Copia. 



*Soe note on date. Appendix IV. 



266 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

APPENDIX VI 
INDIAN DEED 

This indenture, made the 13th day of December, Anno Dom. 
1640, betweene Pomatuck, Mandush, Mocomanto, Pathemanto, Wyb- 
benett, Wainmenowog, Heden, Watemexoted, Checkepuchat, the 
natiue Inhabitants & true owners of the eastern pt of the Long 
Island, on the one part, and Mr. John Gosmer, Edward Howell, 
Daniell How, Edward Needham, Thomas Halsey, John Cooper, 
Thomas Sayre, Edward ff arrington, Job Sayre, George Welbee, Allen 
Breade, Will'm Barker, Henry Walton, on the other part, witnesseth 
that the sayed Indians for due consideration of sixteene coats already 
received, and alsoe three score bushells of Indian corne to bee payed 
vpon lawfull demand the last of September, which shall be in the 
yeare 1641, & further in consideration that the above named Eng- 
lish shall defend vs the sayed Indians from the uniust violence of 
whatever Indians shall illegally assaile vs, doe absolutely & for ever 
give & grant & by these presents doe acknowledge ourselues, to 
have giuen & granted to the partyes above mentioned, without any 
f raude, guile, mentall reservation or equivocation to them & theire 
heires & successors for ever, all the lands, woods, waters, water 
courses, easements, proffits, & emoluments thence arisinge what 
soeuer from the place comonly knowne by the place where the 
Indians hayle over their cannoes out of the North bay to the south 
side of the Island, from thence to possess all the lands lying east- 
ward between the foresaid bounds by water, to wit, all the lands 
pertaining to the parteyes aforesaid, as alsoe all the old ground 
formerly planted lying eastward from the first creek at the west- 
more end of Shinecock plaine, To have and to hold forever without, 
any claime or challenge of the least title, interest or propriety 
whatsoever of vs the sayd Indians or our heyres or successors or 
any others by our leave, appointment license counsel or authority 
whatsoever, all the land bounded as is above said. In full testimonie 
of this our absolute bargaine, contract & grant indented & in full 
& complete satisfaction & establishment of this our act & deed of 
passing over all our title and interest in the premises, with all 
emoluments & profits thereto appertaining or any wise belonging 
from sea or land within our limitts above specified without all guile 
wee have set to our hands the day and yeare above sayd. 

Memorand. Before the subscribing of this present writing it 
is agreed that the Indians aboue named shall haue libertie to break 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N Oh' SOUTHAMPTON 267 

vp ground for theire vse to the westward of the creek afore men- 
tioned on the west side of Shinecock plaine. 
Witnesses of the deliverie Manatacut, X his mark, 

& subscribinge this writing. Mandush, X his mark, 

Abraham Pierson, Wybenet, X his mark, 

Edward Stephenson, Howes, X his mark, 

Robert Terry, Secommecock, X 

Joseph Howe, Mocomanto, X 

Thomas Whitehone, these in the name of the rest. 

Joshua Griffiths, 
William Howe. 

ENDORSEMENTS ON BACK OF INDIAN DEED 

November the 24th, 1686. 

This day Apeared before me Llift. CoUonll John Youngs, Esq. 
one of his Majesties Justices of the peace, eleven of the Chiefs of 
the Indians of Shinecock, namely: Pungamo, Sachem who is son 
and heire to the within subscribed Mandush, and quaquashawg, 
John man, Cobil, asport, palamcowet, wahambahaw, wiackhance, 
Suretrust Saspan Ahickock, five whereof being old men, Did de- 
clare before me as foUoweth (viz) that the aforesaid Mandush 
Sachem and true proprietor with these Indians with h!m sub- 
scribed to ye within written Deed, with ye full consent of the Rest 
of the Indians of Shinecock & did according to this Deed as within 
written sell and alienate the said lands to the English therein 
named and did alsce declare that upon theire certaine knowledge 
they knew that the within said payment for the said lands was by 
the said Englirh made to the said Indians according to covenant as 
within expressed, to their content, and that all the forenamed 
Indians Did this day unanimously Acknou^.edge and consent unto 
the with:n written Deed according to the true Intent thereof as 
atest my hand the day and year aforesaid. 

John Youngs. 

We namely Pungamo Gice Mamanamon Indian Sachems of 
Shinecock by and with ye consent of our people doe hereby ac- 
knowledge that ye within Written deed of sale made by our fathers 
avA predecessors is a just and honest conveyance of ye lands 
within mentioned accordinge to ye true Intente and meaning thereof 
as is therein bounded and expressed, and for the full confirmat'o-i 
of ye premises V/e the afore named Indians Sachems by and wUh 
the consent of our people and In there behalfe as well as for our 
selues and ours and their heires and sucksessors doe by these pres- 
ents Ratify and Confirm the within written Deeds with all the 
premises therein contained to ye associates their heires and suck- 
sessors of ye purchasers of said land within mentioned. In testi- 



268 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTH AM FTON 

mony whereof we the said Indian Sachems have Set to our hands 
and Seals In Southampton this Sixteenth of August In the yeare 
our Lord 1703. 

Pomguamo his X mark Sachem 
Chice his X mark Sachem 
Mahman Am his O mark Sachem 
Signed Sealed and delivered 
in Presence of 

Stephen Bowyer 
Arthur Tority 
Benjamin Marshall 

August 16th then appeared before me . the Subscribed Pom- 
guamo Chice Mahman am Indian Sachems and did acknowledge this 
aboue Confirmation to be theire free and voluntary act and deed. 

Test, John Wheeler, justice. 

INDIAN DEED OF AUGUST 16th 1703 

To all Christian people to whom these presents shall Com. 
Know yea that Pomquamo Chice and Mahanum Indian Sachems 
of ye plantation of Indians Comonly known by ye name of Shinicok 
By and with ye consent of ye Rest of theire people for Divers good 
causes them there unto moveing as also for ye sum of twenty 
pounds curant money of ye province of new york to them in hand 
paid by ye trustees of ye Comanallity of ye town of Southampton, 
wherewith ye said pomquamo Chice and mahanaman Indian Sach- 
ems above sd acknowledge them [selves] ffully satisfied contented 
and paid, hath given granted Remised Released and forever quit 
clamed, and by these presents for themselves their people their 
heirs and successors doth fully clearly and absolutely give grant 
Remise Release and for ever Quit Claim unto ye said trustees 
namely Elnathan Topping loseph ffordham loseph peirson Abraham 
Howell leckamiah Scott losiah Howell Daniel Halsey Thomas 
Stephens loseph Howell gershum Culver lohn malbie and Hezekiah 
Howell of ye comonalliy of ye town of Southampton and their as- 
sociates their heirs and sucksesers forever, in their full and 
peasable possession and seaseing, for all such Right, Estate, title. 
Interest and Demand whatsoever, as they ye said pomgomo Chice 
and Mahanaman and their people had or out to have of in or to all 
that tracte of Land of ye tovmship of Southampton situate Lying 
and being upon ye southward branch and towards ye eastward end 
of ye Island of Nassau butted and bounded south with ye mane 
otion: on ye north by ye bay and peconick grat River which De- 
vides ye two branches of said Island, and Eastward by a line 
Running from ye most eastward pint of hoggneck across ye said 
branch of ye said Island to and by a stake upon winescutt plain, 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 269 

to ye aforesaid salt or mane otion or sea, being ye bounds between 
ye town of East Hampton and Southampton, and westwardly from 
an Inlett out of ye sea or mane otion Comonly Known by ye name 
of Copsoage gut, into ye south bay Running Northerly up Seatuck 
River to ye marked bounds tree of ye said towneship of Southamp- 
ton standing upon ye west side of ye mane branch of said Seatuck 
River, and from said tree extending northerly to peconick grate 
River aforesaid, together with all and singular ye Libertyes and 
privileges and advantages whatsoever to ye said tracte of Land 
and town ship, with all beaches pints medows marshes swamps 
Rivers brooks coves ponds of water timber and stones belonging or 
in any maner of wise appertaining to ye said tracte of Land or 
township as above bounded and all that therein is contained or in 
any maner of wise comprehended To Have And To Hold to them ye 
said trustees theire associates their heirs and sucksesers, with 
their and every of their appurtenances to ye only proper use benefit 
and behoofe of each particular Inhabitant of said township accord- 
ing to their Respective appropriated Rights, and ye undivided Land 
to ye proprietors according to their severall Rights and propor- 
tions in said township and to their heirs and assigns forever, so 
that neither they ye said Pomgomo Chice and mahamanan their 
people nor any of their heirs and sucksessers nor any other person 
or persons for them or any of them or in their or any of their 
names right or stead of any of them shall or will by any way or 
meanes hereafter Claime Chaleng or Demand any Estate Right 
title or intrist In or to ye premises or any part or parcel thereof, 
but from all and every action Right title or interest and Demand of 
in or to ye premises or any part or parcel thereof they and every 
of them shall be utterly Bared forever by these presents, and in 
full Confirmation hereof that ye said Pomgomo Chice and maham- 
anan and many others of their people have hereunto set their 
hands and scales. In Southampton aforesaid this sixteenth Day of 
August Annoye Domie 1703. Signed sealed and delivered in ye 
presence of us 

Stephen Boyer "^ 

Arthur Davis L his 

Benjamen Marshall J POMGUMO X SACHEM 

mark 
his 
CHICE X SACHEM 
mark 

his 
MAHANUM X SACHEM 
mark 



^0 



HISTORY OF THi; TOffN Ot-'- SOtfTfiAi\ll^fY)N 



his 
Tomon X Indian 
mark 
his 
ned X Indian 
mark 
his 
ludas X Indian 
mark 
his 
Toby X Indian 
mark 



his 
Isaac X Indian 
mark 
his 
Wegan X Indian 
mark 
his 
Benquam X 
mark 
his 
Achigan X Indian 
mark 
his 
quatagaboge X Indian 
mark 
Acknowledged before lohn Wheeler lustice 



his ' '^^ 
Obadiah X Indian 
mark 
his 
Wackwana X Indian 
mark 
his 
Nahanawas X India 
mark 
his 
Longatuck X Indian 
mark 



lohnman X Indian 
Wollwith X Indian 
Titus X Indian 
Aspoit X Indian 
Connady X Indian 
Enoshott X Indian 
masquamboin X Indian 
willsonasbouck X Indian 
Couchiack X Indian 
negion X Indian 



manchatice X Indian 
Aquaquank X Indian 
Naspausick X Indian 
Frank X Indian 
Arther X Indian 
Wombon X Indian 
Angguano X Indian 
Redheaded Will X Indian 
quemitt X Indian 
Nodian X Indian , 

Wamp Dick X Indian 
ye signing and sealing of ye 22 Indians as above was done on ye 21 
day of August 1703 in ye presence of 

Stephen Boyer 
Arthur Davis 
Wee namely giangonhut Sachem of unckachohok and Sumono 
his sister wife of Pongomo Sachem within subsci-ibed belonging to 
Shinecock, doe hereby acknowledge and declare ye Right title and 
Interest of all ye Land eastward of Setuck, and betwixt peconeck 
and ye north Bay, and ye south sea or mane otion according to ye 
bounds of ye town ship of Southampton as in ye within Ritten Deed 
of Release is mentioned and exprest, to Reside In and of Right doth 
belong unto Pomgomo, Chice and mamhamamon Indian Sachems 
within subscrbed and their people belonging to Shinnecock, and 
therefore wee ye sd Wiangonhot and my sister Sumono wife of 
Pomgomo aforesaid for Divers good causes as also for ye sum of 
five pounds In hand Received have hereby remised Released and for 
ever quit claimed and by these presents for ourselves and our heirs 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 271 

& sucksessers fully clearly and absolutely Remise Release and 
forever quit claim unto ye within mentioned trustees of ye Com- 
onaity of ye town oi Southampton aloresaid and their asosiates 
their heirs and sucksessers in their full and peaceable possession 
and seazeing all such Right estate title Interest and Demand what 
soever as they ye said Wiangonhot and Summono his sister had or 
ought to have of in or to, all ye tracte of land or towneship men- 
tioned in ye within Deed of Release, so that neither ye said Wian- 
gonhot and his sister Sumono nor their heirs nor any other person 
or persons for him or them, in his or their names, or in ye name of 
Right or sted of any of them shall or will by any way or means 
hereafter have clame chalenge or Demand any Right title or In- 
tei-est of in or to ye premises, or any parte or parcel thereof they 
and every of them shall be utterly excluded and barred forever by 
these presents. In witness whereof wee have hereunto sett our hands 
and scales In Southampton this 16th day of August in ye yeare of 
our Lord Annoque Domini 1703. 

his 
WIANGONHUT O SACHEM 
mark 
her 
SUMONO X SUNK SQUA 
mark 
On ye said 16 day of August 1703 
ye subscribed Wiangonhut and 
Sumono sunk squa appeared be- 
fore me and did acknowledge 
this instrument to be their ffree 
and voluntary act and deed. 
Test lohn Wheeler lustice 

Signed sealed and delivered 
in ye presence of us 
Stephen Boyer 
Arthur Davis 
Benjamin Marshall 

A true copy Test Christopher ffoster Clerk 

Wee namely Pomguamo Chice Mahmanum Indian Sachems in 
ye presence and behalfe of ye Rest of our people Doe hereby ac- 
knowledge to have Received ye sum of twenty pounds currant 
money of new york, of and from ye trustees of ye Comonalty of 
Southampton which said sum of twenty pounds Wee acknowledge to 
be in full satisfaction of ye said sum mentioned In our Deed of 
Release unto ye said trustees and their associates, bearing Date ye 
sixteenth day of August one thousand seven hundred and three, as 



272 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

witness our hands in Southampton this twenty first day of August 
1703. 

Signed and delivered his mark 

in the presence of POMQUAMO X INDIAN SACHEM 

Stephen Beyer his mark 

Arthur Davis. CHICE X INDIAN SACHEM 

his mark 
MAHMANUM X INDIAN SACHEM 
A true copy Test Christopher ffoster Clerk 
S. T. R. Vol. II pp. 176-180. 



APPENDIX VII 

A COPPIE OF Ye COMBYNATION OF SOUTHAMPTON Wth 

HARFORD. 

(From 'Towns & Lands,' Vol. I. Doc. No. 7.) 

PUBLIC RECORDS OF CONNECTICUT 

1636-65 

I 
Page 566 

Whereas formerly sume Ouerturs haue by letters paste betwixt 
sum deputed by the Jurlssdiction of Conectecote and others, of ye 
plantation of Southampton vpon Long Hand, concerning vnion into 
one boddy and gouemment, wherby ye said Towne might be inter- 
ested in ye general combination of ye vnited Collonies, for pros- 
secution and issuing wherof, Edward Hopkins & John Haines being 
authorised wth. power from ye Generall Corte for ye Jurisdiction 
of Conecticute, & Edward Howell, John Gosmore and John More 
deputed by ye Towne of Southampton, It was by the said parties 
concluded & agreed, And ye said Towne of Southampton doe by 
their said deputies, for themselues and their successors, assotiate 
and joyne themselues to ye Jurisdiction of Conecticote, to be subiect 
to al the lawes there established, according to ye word of God and 
right reason, wth such exceptions & limmitations as are hereafter 
expressed. 

The Towne of Southampton, by reson of ther passage by sea 
being vnder more difficulties and vncertainties of repayreing to 
ye seueral Corts held for ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote vpon ye 
mayne land, wherby they may be constrained to be absent both at 
ye times of election of Magistrats and other ocations, wch may 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 273 

proue p'judicial to them; for p'venting whereof, it is a^eed, yt for 
ye p'sent vntil more plantations be settled neere to ye Towne of 
Southampton wch may be helpful each to other in publike occations, 
(and yt by mutual agrement betwixt ye said Towne and ye Gen- 
erall Corte for ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote it be otherwise or- 
dered,) there shalbe yearly chosen two Magistrats inhabbiting 
wthn ye said Towne or liberties of Southampton, who shal haue ye 
same power wth ye P'ticuler Courts vpon ye Riuer of Conectecote, 
though no other Magistrats of ye Jurisdiction be p'sent, for ye 
Administration of Justice and other ocations wch may conceme the 
welfare of ye said Towne, offences only wch conceme life excepted, 
or limbe, wch always shalbe tryed by a Courte of Magistrats to be 
held at ye Riuers mouth, wch said Magistrats for ye Towne afore- 
said, shalbe chosen in manner following: 

The Towne of Southampton, by ye freemen thereof shall yerely 
p'sent to sume Generall Courte for ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote 
or to ye Gouemer thereof, befor ye Court of Election, wch is ye 
second Thursday in Aprill, the names of three of their members of 
their said Towne, and such as are freemen thereof, whome they 
nominate for Magistrats the yeare ensuing, out of wch ye Generall 
Courte for ye Jurisdiction shall chouse two, who vpon oath taken 
before one or both of ye Magistrats for ye p'cedent yeare at South- 
ampton, for ye due execution of their place, shal haue as ful power 
to proceede therin as if they had beene swome before ye Gouernor 
at Conectecote. It is also provided yt ye freemen of ye said Towne 
of Southampton, shal haue libertie to voat in ye Courts of Election 
for ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote, in regard of ye distance of ye 
place, by proxie. But in case the Towne of Southampton shal, by 
any extreordinarie hand of Providence, be hindred from sending ye 
names of ye three p'sons to be in Election of Magistrats, vnto ye 
Generall Court in Aprill, or hauing sent, ye same doe miscarrie, it 
is in such case then prouided «& agreed, yt ye two Magistrats for ye 
precedent yeare shal supply ye place vntill ye next Generall Court 
for election. 

It (is) agreed and concluded, yt if vpon vewe of such orders as 
are alreddy established by ye General Court for ye Jurisdiction of 
Conectecoate, there be found any difference therin from such as 
are also for ye present settled in ye Towne of Southampton, the said 
Towne shal haue libertie to regulate themselues acording as may 
be most sutable to their owne comforts and conueniences in their 
own judgment, provided those orders made by them concerne them- 
selues only and intrence not vpon ye interests of others or ye 
Generall Combination of ye vnited Collonies, and are not cross to 
ye rule of riteousness. The like powre is also reserued vnto them- 



274 HISTORY OF THE TOff'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

selues for the future, for making of such orders as may conceme 
their Towne ocations. 

It is agreed & conchided, yt if any party find himselfe agreved 
by any seutence or judgment passed by ye Magistrats, residing at 
Southampton, he may appeale to sum p'ticuler or General Court 
vpon (the) Riuer, p'vided he put in securitie to ye satisfaction of 
one or both of ye Magistrates at Southampton spedily to prosecute 
his said appeale, and to answer such costs and dammages as shalbe 
thought meete by ye Court to which he appeals, in case there be 
found no just cause for his appeale. 

It is agreed & concluded, yt ye said Towne of Southampton shal 
only beare their owne charges in such Fortifications as are 
necessarie for their owne defence, maintaining their owne officers 
and al other things that conceme themselues, not being lyable to be 
taxed for fortificationa or other expences yt only apertaine to the 
plantations vpon the Riuer, or elswheare. But in such expences as 
are of mutuall & common concernement, both ye one and the other 
shal beare an equall share in such proportion as is agreed by the 
vnited Collonies, vizt. according to the number of males in each 
plantation, from 16 to 60 years of age. 

THE OATH TO BE TAKEN AT SOUTHAMPTON 

I, A. B. being an inhabitant of Southampton, by ye P'vidence 
of God, combined wth ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote, doe acknowl- 
edg myself to be subiect to ye Gouernment therof & do sweare by 
the greate and dreadfull name of the euerliuing God to be true & 
faithfull to the same, and to submit both my person & estate there- 
unto, acording to al the wholesum lawes and orders yt are or 
hereafter shalbe made and established by lawful Authority, wth 
such limmitations & exceptions as are expressed in ye Combyna- 
tion of this Towne wth ye aforesaid Jurisdiction, & that I wil 
nether plot nor practice any euil against ye same, nor consent to 
any that shal so doe, but wil timely discouer it to lawful authority 
there established; and yt I wil as I am in duty bound maintaine the 
honner of the same and of ye lawfull Magistrats thereof, promote- 
ing ye publike good of it, whilst I shal continue an Inhabbitant 
there; & whensoeuer I shal giue my voate or suffrage touching 
any matter wch concerns this Common Wealth, bein cald therunto, 
I wil giue it as in my conscience I shal judg may conduce to ye best 
good of ye same, wthout respect (of) p'sons, or fauor of any man; 
soe help me God in ye Lord Jesus Christ. 

The forementioned agreements wear concluded ye day & 
yeare aboue written, betwene ye parties aboue mentioned in behalf 
of ye Jurisdiction of Conectecott and ye Towne of Southampton, 
wth refference to ye aprobation of ye Commissioners for ye vnited 



^HlsrURY OF THE TOirN Of SUUnUMnoSf ■275 

CoUonies, wch being obtayned the said agreements are to be atended 
and obserued, according to ye true intent and purpose thereof, or 
otherwise to be voyde and of noe effect; and in testimonie thereof 
haue interchangably ( )put to their hands. 

(Endorsed in the hand writing of Secretary Clark.) A coppy of 
ye Combination with Southampton 



APPENDIX Vill. 

AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 
: AND THE REV. MR. FORDHAM. 

The agreement betweene the towne of Southampton and the 
well beloved servant of the lord Mr. Fordham, concerneing his an- 
uall mayntanance for his labor in ye worke of the lord amongst 
us, first wee the present inhabitants do ingage ourselves to paye 
in current country paye as it passeth at a common rate three score 
poundes for this present yere to beginne the first day of this pres- 
ent April 1649, and to make our payments half yearely by equall 
portions, ffurthermore for the yeares to come and for all & euery 
yeare god shall be pleased to continue Mr. ffordham amongst vs 
after April 1659, from the daye of ye revolution of the first year 
aboue mentioned, it is fully agreed and hereby confirmed that the 
said yearly mayntanance shall be fourscore pounds, per annum to 
be levied vpon euery man according to their severall possessions of 
landes in our plantation of Southampton, & the bounds thereof. 
Lastly if fforty lotts shall not be ffilled that then proportionable 
abatement of ye said four score pounds is to be made according to 
the number that is deficient, in consideration where of Mr. fford- 
ham's owne accommodations are not to be liable to pay any part 
of his yearly mayntanance nor yet any of his estate if the Towne 
shall see cause to alter the waye of payment as concerning ye min- 
istry, This agreement was consented vnto by all the inhabitants, 
& by them appoynted to be recorded in the towne booke, to be es- 
tablished in the behalf of the whole towne. 
Southampton Town Records. 
Vol. I, p. 56-7. 



276 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

APPENDIX IX. 

DOCUMENTS CONCERNING ANDROS PATENT 
1 

Southampton Sept. 28th, 1676. 
Hon-ble S'r. 

Wee the subscribed the p'r'sent Constable & Overseers of this 
Towne hereby present to you our humble service etc. Wee have had 
some Intelligence by Mr. Justice Arnold very lately, That it is 
your hon'rs pleasure, our Towne and Southold should send vp 
against the next Court of Assizes the reasons, why we take not 
out a Patent for our lands as some other plantations in this Juris- 
diction have done: Sr. wee allways are and shall bee most cheer- 
fully willing and ready to render you duty and the best satisfaction 
whereof wee are capable. But in reference to ye p'r'missed occasion 
being straightened by tyme we are bold to present yo'u here in- 
closed a Just coppy of our reasons, which sometime vpon like In- 
junction our Towne & the Towne of Southold sent to Coll. Francis 
Lovelace, Esq're then Govern'r, whoe (for aught wee know) ac- 
cepted them, as wee liope yo'r Hon-r will: Soe humbly Craving 
yo-r p-r-don with our constant and sincere desire of your happines 
we rest 

Sr Your servants 

Joseph Rayner, 
Edward Howell. 
John Jaggar. 

Francis Sayer, John Foster. 
2 
It hath pleased yo'r hon'r to require of vs the Inhabitants of 
Southampton to receive a patent from you for our lands w'ch wee 
have long possessed, and alsoe to Demand of vs the reasons of our 
delay: Our reasons, some of them, are these: 

1. Because wee apprehend that wee have a just & lawfull 
right and title to our land already without such a pattent ffor at 
our owne cost and charge (and not at any others) wee transported 
ourselves into these forraine parts, and here purchased our lands 
wee now possess of the Natives the then proper owners of them and 
that by the approbation of the Lord Sterlings Agent. And alsoe 
have with long and hard labour subdued parte of these lands with 
the perill of our lives especially in those times, when wee were few 
in number, but ye heathen numerous. 

2. Wee have possessed our lands (some of vs) about the space 
of thirty yeares without any man laying claime to them which is 
Esteemed a matter of some weight in law. 



HISTORY OF THE TU^f'N UF SULTHAMFTUN 277 

3. Because it seemeth a new and Strang thing to vs that each 
Plantation on this Island should bee enjoyned to take a pattent for 
their lands: wee never heard of any such practice in England, or in 
any of his Ma'ties Dominions, that every Towne or Parish is en- 
jcyned a pattent: although ye English vnder the Dutch Governm't 
have had their land-briefs. 

4 We apprehend That where Pattents are made vse of the 
Termes and Conditions are expressed betweene him whoe grants 
and them to whome the grant is made. But it doth not seem to vs, 
to bee soe in the Pattents here imposed. But persons are vpon vn- 
certaineties and at the Will of theire Lords, to make such acknow- 
ledgments and payments from time to time as seemeth good to him 
to appoynt, soe that men know not what to looke for or trust vnto. 

5 Lastly, wee conceive that the Proclamation made by his 
Ma'ties Comm'rs here in the yeare 64 assure vs of as much, if not 
more then this Pattent will doe: the substance of w'ch Proclamation 
v/as this. That the people here should enjoy whatsoever Gods bless- 
ing and theire owne honnest labours had furnished them with. And 
after this Gov-r NicoUs gave vnder his hand that we should have 
equall privileges, freedome and Immunities (if not greater) as any 
of his Ma'ties Collonies in New England: the truth is (to speake 
plainely) wee cannot bee free to pass over our owne proper rights 
to our lands into other mens hands and put ourselves and success- 
ours into a state of Servitude, which if soe, whoe will pitty or helpe 
vs- But that wee may not bee further troublesome to yo-r hon-r at 
th^s time, wee humbly take our leave of you and rest ready to our 
abillities to render all such dues & duties as either the law of God 

or Nature binde vs to. , . j ^.i,^ 

[NOTE:— The reasons given by Southold are word for word the 

same.] 

3 
Vpon reading of a letter & pap-rs from the Constables & over- 
seers of Southton bearing date the 28th of Septbr. last & another 
without date (to the same Effect) from Southold, as Reasons for not 
complying with the Law in takeing out Grants, Patents or Confirma- 
tions for their Towns or Lande, The Law in 1664 & orders of Co-rt 
of Assizes in 1666 & 1670, relating thereunto being thereup read. 
The Co-rt give Judgm-t That the s-d Towns for their disobedience 
to Lawes have forfeited all their titles Rights & privileges to the 
lands in the s-d Townshipps & if they doe not by Monday fortnight 
next (being the 23d day of this instant month) send up the ac- 
knowledgm't of their past Default & Resolves & Desire to obey 
& fullfill the Law & the severall orders of the Co-rt of Assizes, for 
the taking out their Grants, Patents or Confirmations, as directed 
by Law, Then Execution to issue out by Authority of this C-rt tor 



278 HISTORY OF THE TOffN Of SOUTHAMPTON 

the above forfeiture to the use of his Ma-ty without further delay. 

All p-r-ticular p-r-sons concerned have like liberty granted 
them & shall be rec'd on their Application to have Confirmations or 
Grants for their p-r-ticular interests according to Law. 

By Order of the Go: & Gen'll C'rt of Assizes. 
The Go: doeth further grant to signify: 

Any private p'r'son or p'r'sons, that cannot make their appli- 
cation w'th'n the time limited, giving in their Names & Desires to 
the Justice of the Peace shall have further seasonable time for 
their Complyance herein. 

[October 5, 1676]. By Order of the Go: 

4 
Whereas the hon'ble Court of Assizes held at New York the 
4th, 5th, &c Dayes of this Instant October Adjudged our Towne of 
Southampton to send up by the 23d Instant theire resolves to full- 
fill the law for takeing out patent or Confirmation for our properties 
Interrests & liberties wee the Subscribed the Constable and Over- 
seers of ye sd Tov/ne of Southampton In Obedience vnto our hon'ble 
and Esteemed Govern'r & the s'd Act of the Court of Assizes Doe 
in behalfe of our sd Towne hereby Depute our friends, Mr. Justice 
Topping and Capt. John Howell with all possible convenient speed 
to make address to his hon'r Our Govern'r for such s'd pattent or 
Confirmations. Also to present the Townes service to his hon'r & 
to crave his p'r'don whereinsoever ye Towne or ourselves have any 
"^ay accidentally though not intentionally made Default. And since 
by devine Providence his hon'r is now in sinscular capacity to con- 
tribute to our Townes wellfare in respect of concernes both Civil 
Eclesiasticall, To beseech his hon'r that in both resoects hee would 
please to bee propitious vnto vs in this so v/eighty con-'erne, s'nce 
God only knowes, who may hereafter succeed him to Governe vs an'l 
our. Poe shall wee and ours have cause to bee ever most thankfuil 
vnto him and to God for him, and to said Deputies for theire painos. 

Francis Sayer 

John Foster 

Joseph Rayner 

Edward Howell 

John Jaggar 
23d of October, 1676. 

(Col. Docts. XIV pp. 722 et seq. Col. Mss. 25:173. 25:174. 
25:176. 25:222). 



HISTORY OF THE TOiVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 279 

APPENDIX X. 

GOV. ANDROSS' PATENT 

Edmund Andros, Esqr., Seigneur of Sausmarez, Lieut and 
Governo Gen'all under his Royall Highness James Duke of Yorke 
and Albany &c. of all his Territorys in America To all to whom 
these presents shall come sendeth Greeting: Whereas there is a 
certaine Towne in the East Riding of Yorkshire upon Long Island 
commonly called and knowne by the name of South Hampton, scit- 
uate, lying and being on the South side of the said Island, toward 
the Maine Sea, having a certaine Tract of Land, thereunto belong- 
ing, The Eastward Bounds whereof extend to a certaine place or 
plaine, called Wainscott, where the bounds are settled betwixt their 
Neighbours of the Towne of East Hampton, and them: Their 
Southern bounds being the Sea and so runs westward to a place 
called Seatuck, where a Stake was sett as their farthest extent that 
way: Then Crossing over the Island to the Northward to Peacon- 
ock great River (not contradicting the Agreement made between 
their Towne and the Towne of South Hold after their Tryall at the 
Court of Assizes) and so to run Eastwards alongst the north bounds 
to the Eastermost point of Hogg-Neck, over against Shelter Island: 
Including all the Necks of Land and Islands, within the afore de- 
scribed Bounds and Limits: Now for a Confirmation unto the pres- 
ent Freeholder, Inhabitants of the said Towne and precmcts: Know 
Yee, That by vertue of his Ma'ties Letters Patents, and the Com- 
mission and Authority unto mee given by his Royall Highness I 
have Ratifyed Confirmed and granted; and by these presents, do 
hereby Ratifie Confirme and grant, unto John Topping, Justice of 
the peace, Capt. John Howell, Thomas Halsey, Senior, Joseph Ray- 
nor Constable, Edward Howell, John Jagger, John Foster and 
Francis Sayers Overseers; Lieut. Joseph ffordham, Henry Pierson, 
John Cooper, Ellis Cooke, Samuel Clarke, Richard Post and John 
Jennings, as Patentees, for and on the behalfe of themselves and 
their Associates, the ffreeholders and Inhabitants of the said Towne, 
their Heires, Successors and Assignes, All the aforementioned Tract 
of Land, with the Necks and Islands within the said Bounds sett 
forth and described as aforesaid. Together with all Rivers, Lakes, 
v^aters Quarrys Wood land Plaines Meadows, pastures. Marshes, 
ffishing, Hawking Hunting and ffowling, and all other Proffits, Com- 
modities, Emoluments and hereditaments, to the said Towne, Tract 
of Land and premises, within the limits and bounds aforementioned 
described, belonging, or in any wise appertaining: To Have And To 
Hold, all and singular their said lands, hereditaments, and premises, 



280 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

with their and every of their Appurtenances, and of every part and 
parcell thereof, to the said Patentees and their Associates, their 
Heires Successors and Assignes to the proper use and behoofe of 
the said Patentees and their Associates, their Heires Successors and 
Assignes for ever, The Tenure of the said Land and premises, to bee 
according to the Custome of the Mannor of East Greenwich in the 
County of Kent in England, in free and Common Soccage and by 
fealty only, Provided allways notwithstanding that the extent of 
the Bounds before recited do in no way prejudice or infringe the 
particular propriety of any person or persons who have right by 
Patent or other Lawfull Clayme, to any part or parcell of Land or 
Tenements within the Limits aforesaid: only that all the Lands and 
Plantacons within the said Limits or Bounds, shall have relation to 
the Towne in Generall, for the well Government thereof: And if it 
it shall so happen that any part or parcell of the Lande within the 
bounds and Limits afore described be not already Purchased of the 
Indyans It may bee purchased (as occasion) according to Law, I do 
hereby likewise Confirme and graunt unto the said Patentees, and 
their Associates, their Heires, Successors and Assignees, All the 
privilidges and Immunityes belonging to a Towne within this Gov- 
ernment: And that the place of their present Habitacon and abode 
shall continue and retaine the name of South Hampton, by which 
name and Stile, it shall bee distinguished and knowne, in all Bar- 
gaines and Sales Deeds, Records and virritings — They the said Pat- 
entees and their Associates their Heires Successors and Assignes 
making Improvement on the said Lands, and Conforming them- 
selves according to Law, And yielding and paying therefore yearly 
and every year, as an Acknowledgement, or Quit Rent, one fatt 
Lamb, unto such officer, or officers, there in Authority as shall bee 
Empowered to receive the same. Given under my hand and sealed 
with the Seale of the Province in New Yorke, the first day of No- 
vember, in the Eight and twentieth yeare of his Ma'ties Reigne 
Annoq. Domini, one thousand, six hundred Seventy Six. 

E. ANDROSS. 
Examined by mee and Recorded 

Mathias Nicolls, Seer. 
Southampton Town Records 
Vol. II. pp. 347-9. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 281 

APPENDIX XL 

PATENT OF GOV. DONGAN. 

Thomas Dongan Capt. Generall Governor in Chiefe and Vice 
Admirall in and over the Province of New Yorke and Territoryes 
Depending thereon in America, &c, under his Majesty James the 
second By the grace of God King of England Scotland ffrance & 
Ireland Defender of the faith &c. To all whom this shall come send- 
eth Greeting Whereas ths Right Honorable Edmund Andross Eequire 
Seigneur of Suzrainte Lievt, and Governr, Genii, under his Royall 
Highs James Duke of yorke and Albany &c: now his present 
Majesty of all his Territoryes in America did by a certaine writemg 
or Patent under the seale of the Province bearing date the first 
day of November One thousand six hundred and seventy six grant 
Ratifye and confirme unto John Toping, Justice of the peace, Capt. 
John Howell, Thomas Halsey Senior Joseph Raynor Constable Ed- 
ward Howell John Jagger John Foster and Francis Sayres Over- 
seers Lievt. Joseph Fordham, Henry Pierson, John Cooper, Elhce 
Cooke Samuell Clarke Richard Post and John Jenings as Patentees 
for and in lehalfe of themselves and their Associates the ffreehold- 
ers and Inhabitants of the Towne of Southampton a certaine tract of 
Land lyeing and being scituate in the southside of Long Island in 
the Eastriding of Yorkshire towards the Maine sea the Eastward 
bounds where of extends to a certaine place or pla^ne called Wain- 
scott where the bounds are settled betwixt their Ne'ghbors of the 
Towne of Easthampton and them their southern bounds being the 
sea and so runns Westward to a place called Seatuck where a stake 
was sett at their furthest extent that way then crossing over the 
Island to the northward to Peaconock great river not contradictmg 
the agreement made betweene their towne and the towne of southold 
after their tryall at the Court of Assizes and so to runn Eastward 
alongst their north bounds to the Easternmost part of Hoggeno-k 
over against shelter Island includeing all the necks of Land and 
Islands within the aforesaid described bounds and limitts together 
with all Rivers Lakes waters quarries Woodland plaines meadowes"; 
pastures marshes fishing hawking hunting and fowling and all other 
profitts Comodityes and hereditaments to the said Towne tract of 
Land and premisses within the L'mitts and bounds aforemenconed 
described belonging or in any wise appertaining To Have and To 
Hold all and singular the said Lands hereditaments and premisses 
with their and every of their appurtennces and of every part and 
rarcell thereof to the said Patentees and their associates ther 
heires Successors and Assignes forever according to the tenure & 



282 HiarORY OF THE TO/TN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

custome of the Manor of East Greenwich within the County of Kent 
in England in free an Comon Soccage and by fealty only Provided 
alwayes notwithstanding that the extent of the bounds before recited 
do nowayes prejudice or infringe the particular proprietyes of any 
person or persons who have right by Patent or other lav/full claime 
to any part or parcell of land or Tenements within the Limitts 
aforesaid only that all the Land and Plantacons within the said 
Limitts or bounds shall have relacon to the towne in Genii for the 
well government thereof And if it shall so happen that any part or 
parcell of the lands within the bounds and limitts aforedescribed 
be not already purchased of the Indyans it may be purchased (as 
occasion) according to law And moreover he the said Edmond An- 
dross Lievt and Governr Genii as aforesaid did further grant and 
confirme unto the said Pattentees and their Associates their heires 
Successors and Assignes all the priviledges and Imunityes belong- 
ing to a towne within this Government and that the place of theire 
present habitacon & abode shall continue and retaine the name of 
Southampton by v/hich name and stile it shall be distinguished and 
Knowne in all bargaines & sales Deeds, Records and writeings they 
the said Patentees and their Associates their heires Successors and 
Assignes makeing improvement on the said land and confirmeing 
themselves according to law and yielding and paying therefore 
yearly & every yeare as an acknowledgement or Quittrent on fat 
lamb unto such officer or officers as shall be impowered to receive 
the same as by said Patent Recorded in the Secretaryes Office re- 
lacon being thereunto had may more fully and at large appeare. 
And Whereas of Late some difference hath happened betweene the 
Inhabitants of said towne of Southampton and the Indyans adjacent 
to said towne concerning the bounds above specifyed and also that 
the clauses above expressed for constituting them a towne and giv- 
ing them privileges and Immunityes are not sufficient in the law to 
convey to them such privileges & Imunityes as was designed to be 
given them And Whereas Major John Howell a ffreeholder and one 
of the Patentees of the aforesaid towne of Southampton by Order 
of the ffreeholders of the said towne hath made application unto me 
that I would confirm unto ye ffreeholders of said Town in a more 
full & ample manner all the abovecited tracts and parcells of land 
within the limitts and bounds aforesaid and finally determine the 
difference between the Indyans and the ffreeholders of the said 
towne of Southampton And also that I would Erect the said towne 
of Southampton within the Limitts and bounds aforesaid into one 
Township Now Know Yee That I the said Thomas Dongan By virtue 
of the power and authority to me derived from his most Sacred 
Majesty aforesaid and in pursuance of the same have examined the 
matter in variance between the ffreeholders of the said Towne of 



HISTORY Of THE TOiVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 283 

Southampton and the Indyans and do finde that the ffreeholders of 
the Towne of Southampton aforesaid have lawfully purchased the 
lands within the Limitts and bounds aforesaid of the Indyans and 
have payd them therefore according to agreement so that all the 
Indyan right by virtue of said purchase is invested into the ffree- 
holders of the Towne of Southampton aforesaid and for and in con- 
sideracon of the quittrent hereinafter reserved and other good and 
lawful! consideracons me thereunto moveing Have Granted Ratifyed 
Released and Confirmed and by these presents do grant Ratifye 
Release and Confirme unto Major John Howell Thomas Hallsey 
Senior Edward Howell John Jagger John Foster Francis Sayres 
Joseph ffordham Henry Pearson Samuell Clarke Job Sayers Wil- 
liam Barker Isaac Halsey ffreeholders & Inhabitants of Southamp- 
ton heerin after erected and made one body Corporate and Poli- 
tique and willed and determined to be called by the name of the 
trustees of the ffreeholders and comonalty of the Towne of South- 
ampton and their Successors all the afore recited tracts & necks 
of land within the bounds and limitts aforesaid together with all 
and singular the houses Messuages Tenements buildings millnes 
millnedames fencings Inclosures gardens orchards fields pastures 
woods underwoods trees timber Comon of pattue feedings mead- 
owes marshes swamps plaines Rivers Rivolets waters lakes ponds 
Brookes strcames beaches Quarris mines mineralls Creeks har- 
bours highwayes and Easements fishing hawking hunting and fowl- 
ing (silver and gold m'nes Excepted) and all other franchizes 
profitts Comodityes and hereditaments whatsoever to the said tracts 
& neckes of land and premises belonging or in any wise appurtane- 
ing or therewith all used occupyed accepted reputed or taken to be- 
long or in anywayes to apperta'ne to all intents purposes and con- 
structions whatsoever as also all and singular the rents arrearages 
of rents Issues and profitts of the said tract of land and premisses 
heretofore due and payable To Have And To Hold all the aforere- 
cited tract and parcell of land and premises with their and every 
cf their appurtenances unto the said Major John Howell Thomas 
Hallsey Senior Edward Howell John Jagger John Foster Francis 
Sayers Joseph Fordham Henry Pierson Samuell Clarke Job Sayers 
William Barker Isaac Halsey ffreeholders and comonalty of the 
towne of Southampton and their Successors forever to and for the 
severall and Respective uses following and to no other use intent 
and purpose whatsoever That is to say as for and concern'ng all 
and singular the severall respective parcells of Land and meadov/ 
part of the granted premises in any wayes taken up and appro- 
priated before the day of the date hereof unto the several and re- 
spective present ffreeholders and Inhabitants of the said towne of 
Southampton by virtue of the aforerecited deed or Patent to the only 



284 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

use benefite and behoofe of the said respective present ^freeholders 
and Inhabitants and to their several! and respective heires and As- 
signes forever And as for and concerning all and every such par- 
cell or parcells tract or tracts of land Remainder of the Granted 
premises not yet taken up or appropriated to any particular person 
or persons by virtue of the aforerecited deed or Patent to the use 
benefite and tehoofe of such as have been purchasers thereof and 
their heires and assigns forever in proporcon to their severall and 
respective purchases thereof made as tenants in Comon without any 
lett hindrance or molestation to be had or reserved upon pretence 
of joynt tenancy or survivorship anything contained herein to the 
contrary in any ways notwithstanding To Bee Holden of his said 
Majesty his heires and Successors in ffree and Comon Soccage ac ■ 
cording to the Mannor of East Greenwich in the County of Kent 
v.'ithin his Majesty's Realme of England Yeilding rendering and 
paying therefore yearly and every yeare from henceforth unto our 
Sovereigne Lord the King his heires and Successors or to such Officer 
or Officers as shall be appointed to receive the same the sume of 
one lamb or the value thereof upon the five and twentieth day of 
march at New Yorke in full of all Rents or former reserved rents 
services acknowledgements and demands whatsoever And further 
By virtue of the power and authority to me the said Thomas Don- 
gan as aforesaid given and in pursuance of the same and for the 
reasons and consideracons above recited I have willed determined 
declared and granted And by these presents do will determine de- 
clare and grant that the said Inhabitants and ffreeholders the 
ff'reemen of Southampton aforesaid Comonly called by the name of 
the ffreeholders and Inhabitants of the towne of Southampton or 
by whatever name or names they are called or named & their heires 
and Successors forever hence forward are and ehall be one body 
Corporate and Politique in Deed and name by the name of the trus- 
teess of the ffreeholders & comonalty of the towne of Southampton 
and them by the name of the Trustees of the ffreeholders and com- 
onalty of the towne of Southampton one body corporate and Poli- 
tique in Deed and name I have really and fully for his said Majesty 
his heires and Successors erected made ordained consftuted and 
declared by these presents and that by the same name they have 
succession forever And that they and their Successors by the name 
of the Trustees of the ffreeholders and comonalty of the towne of 
Southampton be and shall be forever in future times persons able 
and Capable in law to have perceive receive and possesse not only 
all and singular the premises but other messuages lands Tenements 
Priviledges Jurisdictions franchizes and hereditaments of whatso- 
ever kind or species they shall be to them and their Successors m 
ffee forever or for the term of a yeare or yeares or otherwise what- 



HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMHTON 285 

soever manner it be and also goods Chattells and all other things of 
whatsoever name nature quality or species they shall be and also 
to give grant release aliene assigne and dispose off lands Tene- 
ments hereditaments and all and every other act and acts thing and 
things to do and Execute by the name aforesaid and that by the 
same name of the trustees of the ffreeholders and comonalty of the 
towne of Southampton to plead and be impleaded answer and be 
answered unto defend and be defended they are and may be Cap- 
able in whatsoever place and places and before whatsoever Judges 
and Justices or other persons or ofRcialls of his said Majesty his 
heires and Successors in all & all manner of accons Plaints suites 
Complaints causes matters and demands whatsoever of what kind 
quality and species the same be and shall be in manner and forme 
as any other of his majestyes Liedge people within this Province can 
or are able to have require receive possesse Enjoy retaine give grant 
release aliene assigne and dispose plead & be impleaded 
answer and be answered unto defend and be defended do 
perm-tt or execute And for the better enabling the Trus- 
tees of the ffreeholders and comonalty of the towne of 
Southampton aforesaid in doing and Executing all and singular 
the premisses I have willed granted and determined and by these 
presents do will grant and determine that from henceforward and 
forever hereafter the said Trustees of the ffreeholders and Com- 
onalty of the towne of Southampton doe and may have and use a 
Common seale which shall serve to Execute the causes and affairs 
v/hatscever of them and their Sucessors And further I will and 
by these presents in behalf e of his said majesty his heires and Suc- 
cessors that henceforward forevermore there be and shall be Trus- 
tees of the ffreeholders and comonalty of the towne of Southampton 
aforesaid to be chosen and elected as in these presents hereafter 
is menconed who shall be and shall be called the Trustees of the 
ffreeholders and Comonalty of the towne of Southampton and they 
and their Successors shall and may at all convenient times hereafter 
upon a publique sumons to be obtained at the request of any three 
of the Trustees aforesaid from any of his Majesty's Justices of the 
peace of the said towne or for default thereof from any of the 
Justices of the County of Suffolk for the time being assemble and 
meet together in the towne house of the said towne or in such other 
publique place as shall be from time to time appointed to make such 
acts and orders in writing for the more orderly Doeing of the prem- 
isses as they the said Trustees of the ffreeholders and Comonalty of 
the towne of Southampton aforesaid and their Successors from time 
to time shall and may think Convenient so allwayes as the said acts 
and orders be in no wayes repugnant to the laws of England and of 
this Province which now are or hereafter may be Established and 



286 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

that they be not in any wayes against the true intent and meaning 
of these presents And also I will ordaine and determine that all and 
singular the aforesaid acts and orders from time to time shall be 
made and ordered by the vote of the Major part of the said Trustees 
of the ffreeholders and Comonalty of the towne of Southampton 
aforesaid or at least by the vote of the Major part of such of them 
as shall from time to time Assemble and meet together in manner 
as aforesaid so allwayes there be not few^er in number than seaven 
of the said Trustees present at such meetings so to be held as afore- 
said and for the better execucon of this grant in this behalfe I have 
assigned nominated Created Constituted and made and by these 
presents do assigne nominate Create Constitute and make Major 
John Howell Thomas Halsey Senior Edward Howell John Jagger 
John Foster Francis Sayres Joseph Fordham Henry Pearson Sam- 
uell Clarke Job Sayres William Barker Isaac Halsey to stand and 
be the first modern Trustees of the ffreeholders and Comonalty of 
the Towne of Southampton to continue in the aforesaid Office from 
and after the date of these presents until the time that others be 
elected and chosen in their stead According to the manner and forme 
hereinafter expressed And moreover I do by these presents for 
and on the behalfe of his Most Sacred Majesty aforesaid his heires 
and Successors appoint that the Trustess of the ffreeholders and 
Comonalty of the town of Southampton Constables and Assessors 
within the towne of Southampton aforesaid be yearly chosen on 
the first tuesday of Aprill forever viz: twelve Trustees of the ffree- 
holders and Comonalty of the towne of Southampton two Constables 
and two Assessors in such publique place as the trustees for the 
time being shall appoint and direct and that the Trusteess Con- 
stables and assessors be Chosen by the Majority of voices of the 
ffreeholders and freemen of the towne of Southampton aforesaid 
And Lastly I give and grant for and on behalfe of his said Majesty 
his heires and Successors by these presents to all and every person 
and persons and to whatsoever person subject to his said Majesty 
his heires and Successors free and lawfull power ability and author- 
ity that they or any of them any messuages Tenements Lands 
meadows feedings pastures woods underwoods rents revercons ser- 
vices and other hereditaments whatsoever within the said County 
of Suffolke (which they hold of his Sayd Majesty his heires and Suc- 
cessors unto the aforesaid Trustees of the ffreeholders and Comonalty 
of the towne of Southampton and their Successors shall and may 
Give grant Bargaine sell and alienate to have hold and Enjoy unto 
the said Trustees of the ffreeholders and Comonalty of the Towne of 
Southampton and their Successors forever Yeilding and paying 
therefore unto his said Majesty his heires and Successors on the 
said twenty fifth day of march yearly and every yeare forever the 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 287 

full and just sume of forty shillings Current money of this Province 
at Newyorke Wherefore by virtue of the power and authority afore- 
said I do will and Command for and on behalfe of his said Majesty 
his heires & Successors that the aforesaid ffreeholders and Com- 
onalty of the towne of Southampton and their Successors have hold 
use and Enjoy And that they shall and may forever have hold use 
and Enjoy all the Libertyes authorityes Customes orders ord n- 
ances franchizes acquittances lands Tenements and hereditaments 
goods and Chattels aforesaid according to the tenure and effect of 
these presents without the lett or hinderance of any person or per- 
sons whatsoever In Testimony Whereof I have caused the seale of 
the said Province to be hereunto affixed and these presents to be 
entered in the Secretaryes Office Witness my hand at Fort James 
the sixth day of December— One thousand six hundred Eighty six 
& in the second yeare of his said Majestyes Reigne 

Thomas Dongan. 



APPENDIX XII. 

WOOLWORTH AGREEMENT. 

These presents Witnesseth an Agreement made and concluded 
on Betweene Mr. Aaron Woolworth, Minister of the Gospel of the 
One Part, And the Subscribers Hereunto, Inhabitants of the Parish 
of Bridge Hampton of the other Part as follows (Viz): That the 
said Mr. Aaron Woolworth Doth hereby Covenant and promise to, 
and Agree with them the Inhabitants Aforesaid to Settle with 
them and carry on the Work of the Ministry Amongst them and 
perform in all Points matters and things relating thereunto faith- 
fully and Conscienciously According to his Ability from time to 
time and at all times during life or so long as he shall be able; And 
that the Subscribers hereunto of the Parish aforesaid do hereby 
Promise and Bind themselves and Engage firmly by these Presents 
unto him the said Mr. Aaron Woolworth that upon his performmg 
the Work of a Gospel Minister amongst them as above, That we 
the Inhabitants of the Parish af oi ^aid do agree to give unto him, 
the said Mr. Woolworth, the sum of One Hundred Pounds, New 
York Currency, also, the House and Three acres of Land adjoining, 
which this Parish purchased of Mr. James Brown as pr Deed Speci- 
fied as A Settlement, And further we the Inhabitants of the Parish 
aforesaid do promise to pay Each one and every one yearly and 
every year during the time that the said Mr. Woolworth shall 



288 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



carry on the said Work amongst them as aforesaid their Just and 
full proportions of One Hundred and Ten Pounds, New York Cur- 
rency, also the use and Improvement of a certain piece of Land 
adjoining House and Land above said, also the Use and Improve- 
ment of a certain piece of Land called and known by the name of 
the Western Parsonage, also a sufficient Quantity of Fire Wood 
for his own Consumption not Exceeding Fifty Loads annually, as a 
Salary Which shall be Assessed by Men chosen of the Parish from 
time to time for that End. And for the Confirmation of the above 
Agreement and every Article contained therein, Each party have 
mutually set their Hands hereunto, Dated the 2nd day of July & 
in the Year of our Lord 1787. 

Aaron Woolworth. 



Ebenezer White 
John Hulbert 
Daniel Howell 
Stephen Pierson 
Nathan Norris 
Mathew Pierson 
Timothy Halsey 
Elihu Halsey 
Samuel Howell 
David Pierson 
David Hains 
John Gelston 
David Hedges 
Timothy Pierson 
David Woodruff 
Simeon Halsey 
Zephaniah Topping 
Silas Topping 
Stephen Tallmadge 
Benjamin Woodruff 
John Rogers 
Stephen Ludlam 
Josiah Cooper 
Stephen Mitchell 
Joshua Hildreth 
Nathan Post 
Josiah Sandford 
Elias Sandford 
Ezekiel Howell 
David Topping 
Silvanus Pierson 
Job Sandford 



Mathew Pierson, Jr. 
Theophilus Pierson 
Abraham Sandford 
Silvanus Topping, Jr. 
Charles Topping 
Joseph Topping 
Samuel Pierson 
Ethan Halsey 
David Hildreth 
Thomas Gelston 
Henry Pierson 
Silas Cooper 
John Corwithe 
Abraham Topping 
Silvanus Halsey 
Moses Halsey, Jr. 
James Terry 
Stephen Topping 
'Elihu Howell 
Lemuel Pierson, Jr. 
Williams Pierson 
Jonathan Hedges 
Elias Hedges 
David Topping, Jr. 
Mathew Topping 
Jonathan Hedges, Jr. 
John Dains 
Henry Corwith 
Hugh Gelston, Jr. 
Paul Dains 
William Pierson 
Daniel Hedges 



HISTORY UF THE TUlf'N Of SOUTH AM FTON 



289 



Stephen Rose 
Stephen Halsey 
Ethan Topping 
Samuel A. Rose 
Daniel Stratten 
Daniel Tallmadge 
Stephen Hains 
Elias Halsey 
Daniel Halsey 
Job Pierson 
Caleb Pierson 
Lewis Sandford 
Benjamin Sandford 
Jeremiah Sandford 
Lodowick Post 
Charles Pierson 
Peter Hildreth, Jr. 
James Sasrre 
John White 
William Rogers 
Henry Topping 
Silas Hand 
John Pierson 
Lemuel Hains 
Abraham Rose 
Zebulon Pierson 
Philip Howell 
Edward Topping 
David Sayre 
Silas White 



Lewis Stanbrough 
Jedediah Pierson 
Isaac Jessup 
Abraham Pierson 
Mathew Halsey, Jr. 
Jonathan Rogers 
Abraham Rose 
John T. Rogers 
Theophilus Cook 
Jesse Woodruff 

Stephen Stambro ( X his mark) 
Silas Woodruff 
Elias Woodruff 
Stephen Howell 
Price Howell 
Josiah Hand 
Asa Hillyer 
David Hand 
Benjamin Sayre, Jr. 
Gideon Hand 
John Harris, Jr. 
Silvanus Topping, Senr. 
Lemuel Pierson 
Abraham Howell 
Walter Howell 
Daniel Woodruff 
David Howell 
Jeremiah Parker 
Henry Moore 



Memorandum — It is understood by us, the Subscribers, that 
by the within Covenant this Parish are holden to Support Mr, Aaron 
Woolworth agreeable thereto so long as he continues in a Pastoral 
relation to them which relation is only dissolved by Death or a 
regular Dismission by a Council mutually chosen by the Church and 
Congregation and Mr. Aaron Woolworth for that purpose. 



John Hurlburt 
Daniel Halsey 
Timothy Halsey 
Ebenezer White 
Timothy Pierson 
Elias Halsey 



David Hedges 
Samuel Howell 
David Pierson 
William Rogers 
David Hains 
John Gelston 



Committee. 



290 HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMt'TON 

APPENDIX XIII. 
INVENTORIES. 

Inventory of the guods of Mr. William Browne, late of 
Southampton, Gentleman, made July 24th, 1650. 

£ s. d. 
Imprimis 3 kine and 2 steeres and 2 calves 32 5 8 

Item Sheepe 

Item swine 2 barrows, 2 sows, &, 2 piggs 09 I' 

A quarter share of a small ship in the return 

of a quarter part of 19 hogsheads of Sugai 14 11 6 

from England, come to our hands in goods at 

their cost in England to the value of 14 11 5 

3 remnants of narrow cloth 22 yards at 7 shil- 
lings per yard 07 14 
19 yards of house linnen 01 ^ 05 
more 2 small remnants of linnen 16 S 
3 yards and Vz of tradeing cloth at 8s. per yard 1 07 
bedding blankets coverlids and pillows, a greene 

rugg, and curtaines and 5 striped stuffed cai 

pitts, and a yard a quarter of linsey woolsey 2S 12 

Item in pewter 134 bb. at 08 

Item in brass vessels 05 

Item in steeles table cloth and napkins, pillow 

cases and touells and 1 paire of boote hose 

tops 13 

Item in bookes 05 

Item 1 warming pan. 3 candle sticks and 2 skim 

mers, 1 frying dish, 2 skillets, 1 pestle and 1 

great (word gone) and other implements 8 

Item more 1 couerlid, and 2 old blankets 10 

Item in nayles 400, buttons clasps and other 

trade L3 

Item in galls, alum, sheeps wool an old pillion, 

cloth, sackes bagges and measures 15 

Item 5 dozen and five sickles, and 4 small bars 

of iron 
Item iron bolts [1 line gone] 

[2 lines at t6p of page gone] 
1 firkin of soap and a churne 1 bushell of salt, 

and grind stone 18 

Item 2 sacks, 4 spitts, 1 dripping pan 1 baker 

3 paire of pot hangers, 1 mortar and pestile 1 05 



1 

01 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN UF SOUTHAMPTON 

Item 1 still, 2 pair of plow irons, chaines hookes 

and other implements 2 

Item 3 mattocks, 2 beetle rings, 4 wedges 1 saw 

and two scale beams, and other small things 
Item 1 match lock musket, a barrell for a gun 
Item 2 glass bottles, and 2 earthern pots, and 2 

old short scythes, and a small parcel of sugar, 

and 12 tubbs 
Item 3 old pails & 3 wooden bowls, 1 basket 

halfe a bushel of wheate, and V2 bushel of 

malt, and V2 bushel of pease, a little bacon, 

pork, butter, cheese, and spice 
1 balance with lead, and leaden weights, 
Item in gold, and silver in his purse 
Item in debts whereof some desperate 
Item his apparell 
Item 200 of iron 
a remnant of cloth, 4 barrels, a sword, an old 

broad axe 

Total 

S. T. R. Vol. 1. pp. 67-69. 



30 

13 





16 



291 



3 











12 








L5 





9 


13 





1 








2 








2 








160 









An inventory of the estate of 
Josiah Stanborough as followeth : 

16 cowes 

2 old oxen 

4 young oxen 

8 steers come 4 years old 

7 steers & 2 heifer cows 3 years old 

3 steers & 2 heifers come 2 years old 
13 calves 

150 sheep 
12 hogs 
A goat 

a mare and horse 
a bay mare & filly 
the old horse 
the young horse 
the hay and wheat 

3 acres of Indian corne 
6 little iron pots 

4 pots 

5 iron kettles 



the late deceased Mr. 



£ 


s. 


d. 


64 


00 


00 


16 


00 


00 


21 


00 . 


00 


44 


00 


00 


38 


10 


00 


15 


10 


00 


13 


00 


00 


70 


00 


00 


10 


00 


00 


00 


06 


08 


21 


00 


00 


20 


00 


00 


10 


00 


00 


09 


00 


00 


22 


00 


00 


05 


00 


00 


02 


08 


00 


02 


12 


00 


01 


LO 


00 



292 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

6 skillets 

4 mortars 14s. 4 pots 4£ is 
2 iron kettles 

5 barres of iron 
wheels and old iron and other lumber 

4 iron pots 

iron ware sold to East hampton 

broad ax Jack and other tools 

hookes 
92 lbs. of wool 
G pair of sheets 
a bed & 2 rugs 

bed tick and pair of blankets 
a fether bed and bolster and 

some other old bedding 

wearing clothes 
2 hats broad cloth kersey and stuff 
2 peeces of stuff 
a piece of broadcloth 
a gun sword & pistol 
2 chests and boxes 
a table & 10 barrels 
pewter and some other things 
a grind stone & pails 
a firkin of butter 

the howse land and accommodations 
4 brass kettles, a friing pan a tramell 

and 2 pair of pot hooks 

buttons silke cardes a remnant 

of cotton and other lumber 
a fether bed, 2 bolsters and a 

blanket and 2 pillows 
a winnow sheet, and woolen yarn 

and some other things 
S. T. R. Vol. II pp. 10-11. 

August 24th, 1662. This is an envoice of the chattels 
and goods of the late deceased John White. 



11 mares and colts 

2 horses 

2 horses more 

2 young mares and a young horse 

6 working oxen 



01 


10 


00 


M 


14 


00 


02 


10 


00 


03 


10 


00 


05 


00 


00 


02 


15 


00 


11 


10 


05 


01 


15 


00 


02 


10 


■ 00 


06 


00 


00 


06 


00 


00 


03 


00 


00 


03 


06 


00 


03 


IG 


00 


08 


00 


00 


08 


00 


DO 


07 


14 


00 


03 


00 


00 


03 


00 


00 


01 


00 


00 


01 


10 


00 


01 


10 


00 


00 


10 


80 


01 


08 


00 


.50 


m 


DO 


06 


00 


DO 


02 


10 


00 


05 


00 


00 


01 


10 


00 



£ 


s. 


d. 


187 


00 


DO 


D23 


DO 


00 


024 


00 


00 


027 


00 


00 


045 


DO 


00 



HISTORY OF THE TOl^N OF SOUTHAMPTON 



293 



a bull, two steers come 4 years old 
2 steers of 2 years old 
10 Cows 

4 heyfers come 3 years old 

5 young cattell come 2 years old 
7 calves 

30 sheep 

12 hogs and two pigs 

a 200 fb. alottment with houseing & fencing 

a cart, plow and such furniture 

Carpenters tools, sycths, sickles wedges ana 

turning tools 
Lyning cloth sheets and other things 

6 Beads and furniture for another 
new leather 

A saddle, bridle & gearths 

Wool & Salt 

Flax 

Wearing clothes & wooling cloth 

4 chests & a desk 

Iron pots, hangers, pot hooks, frying pans spits 

smoothing iron & other od things 
2 guns and a sword 
Brass 

Pewter & a lanthorne 
Books 

Gold & Silver 
Thread & Silk 

Lace, silk & other small things 
Small leather skins 
Spade, howes, corn, whale bone oyle mattocks 

and such like 
In debts 
In poarke 
Barrells, tubs, wheels hangings for bead cub 

bard beadsteads jares & grind stone 
A share in ye mill, cart rope 
A table chairs & other lumber 
A cow, a yearling and a calf 



Sum total 



016 


00 


00 


008 , 


00 


00 


050 


00 


00 


016 


00 


00 


014 


00 


00 


007 


00 


00 


015 


00 


00 


016 


00 


00 


150 


00 


00 


003 


00 


00 


006 


00 


00 


050 


00 


00 


070 


00 


00 


002 


10 


00 


002 


00 


00 


003 


10 


00 


002 


10 


00 


029 


00 


00 


002 


10 


00 


005 


00 


00 


002 


16 


00 


013 


10 


00 


008 


00 


00 


003 


10 


00 


032 


00 


00 


002 


02 


00 


006 


00 


00 


002 


00 


00 


005 


00 


00 


014 


00 


00 


002 


00 


00 


006 


00 


00 


003 


00 


00 


004 


00 


00 


007 


10 


00 


885 


08 


00 



S. T. R. Vol. II pp. 23-24, 



294 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



An envoice of the estate of the late deceased John 
Cooper. 



10 mares 

1 horse 

4 horses 3 years old 
A yearling horse 

2 mares, foals 
4 horse coults 
4 mare foals 
4 horse coults 

3 cows 

A bull 4 years old 

A yearling heifer 

3 calves 

1 Bed and furniture 

All the old iron & lumber 

Pewter 

A mortar, brass & brass pot &. kettell & other 

brass 
A iron pot 
Sheets & other linen 
chests & boxes 

Gold & silver spoon & other small things 
Books 

House & land 
Sheets & other linen 
Wearing clothes 
1 hat & spectacles 
A chest & stockings 
A buff coat 



S. T. R. Vol. II. pp. 



Sum total 
26-27. 



£ 


s. 


d. 


120 


00 


00 


10 


00 


00 


30 


00 


oo 


08 


00 


00 


22 


00 


00 


40 


00 


oo 


82 


00 


oo 


28 


00 


00 


15 


00 


00 


04 


10 


00 


01 


15 


00 


02 


10 


00 


10 


oo 


00 


04 


00 


oo 


01 


08 


00 


02 


06 


00 


00 


10 


00 


01 


10 


00 


00 


16 


00 


01 


10 


00 


01 


00 


00 


21 


00 


00 


02 


00 


00 


11 


00 


00 


02 


00 


00 


01 


00 


00 


02 


00 


00 


B74 


15 


oo 



APPENDIX XIV. 

PAPERS RELATING TO SHIP ADVENTURE 



[These papers are referred to on "page 284. Calendar of State 
Papers Colonial 1699," but not given. The original documents are 
now in "Colonial Office Series, Class 324, Vol. 7, pp. 47-53." London. 



HKTO'RY OF TH^E TO^N OF 9mJTH'AJVPFT&W' 295". 

Asagiveih here-itlEiey are ^ taken from tra'nscrips in Library iof 
Congress, Washington, D. C, and the last three from the originals 
in- London, as they had not yet been transcribed. None have been 
printed before.] , 

■. Letter from Mr. Gib't Heathcote with Several Copies 
of the xA-ffidavit relating to the Seaniens running away with 
the Ship Adventure bound for Borneo Captain GuUock 
Commander. . ' • 

' To Mr. Popple. 

Sr. 

Herewith are 16 Copies of the Oathes made before my Lord 
Chief Justice Holt concerning the Loss of the Ship Adventure Cap- 
tain Gullock, in her voyage for Borneo, as also the Descriptions of 
the Ship, Cargo and men that run awtij with her. 

■ My humble Request in behalf of myself and the other Mer- 
cfiants concerned is, that their Lordships would be pleased to send 
cfne of these to Each of His Majesty's Governments in the W^st 
Indies, with their Orders to the Governors Deputy Governors &c 
to make all diligent Search after the Ship and Cargo, to secure 
the same without Imbesselments for our ufefe till -we' can give our 
Directions about it. 

As for the Villains that Run' away with her, it would be a 
National good to have 'em made Examples, but the manner of pro- 
ceeding against them is humbly submitted to their D^Msliips gr^at 
Wisdom. I am ' '-' ' 

Sr. You:^ most humble Servant ' 

Gilbert Heathcote, 
^t. Swithins Lane . • i 

June the 10th, 1699. ' - 

^ Affidavit of. Captain Gullock 'Comantffer of^ tHfe Ship Ad- 
venture bound for Borneo' relating to the Seamen running 
^way wth ye sd Ship. ,, , ,^. . ,, ,,,. 

Thomas Gullock of London Mariner maketh Oath, that he this 
Deponent being Master or CommaVider ""of the- Ship' Adventu're 6f 
London, burthen about three hundred Tunns, mounted with Two 
and Twenty Guns, belonging to Mr. Gilbert Heathcote Merchant 'of 
London and Company, which said Ship and Cargo, being of the 
v^lue of Thirteen Thousand pounds or thereabouts, was in the 
Month of March 1697/8, bound but 'upon "a Voyage upon' the said 
Ship to the Isjand of Borneo in the East Indie^, and at?cordihgly 
^id in pursuance , of th.€ said Voyage proceed and Sail hear the 
Island Nayas upon the Coast of Sumatra, and having occasion f di^ 



296 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

water did come to an Anchor before the said Island, with intent 
to supply the said Ship with Water, and in Order thereunto did 
send his Second Mate with severall Seamen in the Long Boat be- 
longing to the said Ship on shoar the said Island. But this De- 
ponent, beleiving the Natives of that Island to be savage and bar- 
barous, did for the Security of his men goe afterwards on Shoar 
in his Yaule with more help; And this Deponent further saith 
that the water being filled he ordered the Long Boat to go on 
Board with the same, which they did, and also took the Yaule with 
them and left this Deponent on Shoar upon the said Island with 
fourteen of the said Ships Company without any manner of Pro- 
visions or other Necessaries of Life, and immediately after they 
were on board did loose the said Ships Sayles and stood off to Sea, 
and a small time after did send the Yaule on shoar with five per- 
sons, who told this Deponent that when they came on board they 
did immediately with Armes in their hands seize upon the Chiefe 
Mate saying he was their Prisoner, and the Ship and all that was 
in her was their owne, and then did cut the Cable and run away with 
the said Ship and Cargo. And this Deponent further saith that, 
according to the best of his remembrance he hath affixed here- 
unto a true, exact, and particular Account of the names of the 
Severall Seamen that run away with the said Ship, together with 
their Severall ages, and Descriptions of their Severall persons, 
and likewise a Description of the said Ship and Cargo. 
Jurat coram me Thomas Gullock. 

(13th die May 1699) 

John Holt Vera Copia. 

Drew Hacker and William Whitesides affidavit relating 
to the same subject. 

Drew Hacker Gent'n and William Whitesides Boat Swain of the 
said Ship Adventure doe severally make oath that they have seen 
and do beleive the Affidavit of Captain Gullock to be true in all 
particulars thereof; and further say that they remained on board 
the said Ship all the time whilst the said Captain Gullock and 
the rest of the Seamen went on Shoar for water, and as soon as 
Joseph Bradish the Boat Swains Mate, and the rest of his Crew 
returned on board the said Ship with the said Water they imme- 
diately seized the said Ship cutt the Cable and stood off to Sea, 
and declared the Ship and Cargo was their own, this Deponent 
Drew Hacker says he was immediately turned on Shoar in the 
Yaule with four hands more; and this Deponent William White- 
sides says he was on board four days longer, and then suffered to 
goe away with the Chief Mate and Armourer in the Long Boat, and 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 297 

after twenty three days met with a Dutch Ship, which carried them 
to Batavia. Drew Hacker 

Jurat 13 Die May 1699 William Whiteside 

Coram me John Holt Vera Copia ex Original 

Names and Descriptions of the Persons of the Men who 
run away with the Ship Adventure and her Cargo on the 
17th of September 1698 from the Island Nayas in East 

India. 

Years. 

Joseph Bradish of ordinary Stature, well sett, round vis- 
age, fresh complexion, darkish hair, pock- 
fretten, and aged about 
John Lloyd of ordinary Stature, rawboned, very pale 

complexion, dark hair, remarkably deformed 
by an attraction of the Lower Eylid 
Thomas Hughs Tall, lusty, rawboned, long visage. Swarthy 
John Peirce Short, well sett, swarthy, much pork fretten 

Andrew Martin Short, thick great Lips, black bushy hair 

Scot 
Wm. Simpson Short, very well sett, round visage, fresh 

coloured 
Thos. Simpson Short and small, black, much Squint-eyed 
James Vanner Short, very well sett, fresh coloured, pock 

fretten 
Jee Witherly Short, very small, black, blind of one Eye 
Thos. Jameson Tall, Muugre, sickly complexion, large black 

Cooper Eyes '. Scot 

Wm. Griffith &hort, well sett, broadfaced, darkish hair 

John Parrot Short, black, fresh coloured, lamish of both 

Leggs 
Robt. Knox Short, thick, broadfaced, bad complexion, 

dark hair 'Scot 

Short, small, fair complexion Scot 
Ordinary Stature, long visage, very yel- 
lowish, bad complexion 
Tho. Davis Short, Small, sharp chin'd, redish hair 

Tho : Edgill Short, well sett, fresh coloured, black hair 

Ellmore Qark Short, small fresh coloured, very down looke 
Cornels Larking Ordinary Stature, thick, fatt, fresh coloured 

and fair 
Edward Ham Small, very black 
Francis Read Short, and small, redish hair 
Rowland Martin Ordinary Stature, fresh Coloured, Black a 
Dane 



Tho : 
Robt. 



Dean 
Mason 



25 



30 

28 
35 
35 



20 
18 

20 
18 

30 
30 

20 

28 
25 

25 
22 
25 
20 

18 
35 

18 

28 



298 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

John Westby Short, red hair, kept on board by force, 

Chyrurgeons mate 25 > 

Rob't Amsden Small and black, kept by force 

Carpenters Mate 18 

Wm. Saunders Ordinary Stature, well sett, fresh coloured, 

black hair 15 

A Description of the Shipp Adventure 

• She is a Hag Boat, Ipswitch built, about 350. Tunns mounted 
with Twenty two Gunns, viz upon the quarter Deck Six, through 
round ports, upon Main Deck 14, all Sakers, having so many ports 
and no more, and upon the Gunn Deck, only Two Demy Culverings, 
with only those two Ports just before the back head of the Gun 
Room; She had Severall small Ballast Ports made for her first de- 
signed Lading of Coals; her Gun Deck is not layed between the 
fore and after Hatchways, only three streaks on each side under 
the Standards, and two Streaks on each side the Hatchways; nor 
have those Midship Beams ever had any barlongs fixed onto them;' 
She hath five Lights in her Round house, and as many in the Great 
Cabin; her quarter Deck comes within 15 or 16 foot of her Main 
Mast, between which is a Cabstane from the quarter Deck to the 
Entring- place; she hath gange ways with two close Cabins under 
each, she is well enough carved and yellow painted only the Bugi- 
lugs between the Windows are black, she hath badges on her 
quarters, and a freezework runns between the fife Rale, and the 
plane Sheere quite aft; only one Boat which is a Pinnace about 
thirty foot long rowes with nine Oars well carved and adorned. 

The Cargo consisted of 

Scarlet and other Coloured Cloth 

Perpetuanoes and Broad Flannells 

Opium, Iron and Lead 

Fuzees with brass work upon the Stocks. 

Small Iron Gunns: all about 200. weight. 

Grapnells and Anchors from 50t. to 2 or 3ct. weight 

And Spanish Dollars 33500. 

The Plate and Opium Chests and Bales marked 0. A. 

Deposition of Simon Bonan 

The said examinant saith that upon Tuesday the 21st of this 
Just March he was at East hampton on the Island of Nassau and 
did see a ship rideing at anchor off the, said Town of East Hamp- 
ton, upon the South Side of the Island, whereupon he the said Ex,- 
aminant together with one Capt. Mulford, and some others belong- 
ing to the said Town, took a Whale boat and went on board the said 



HiaruRY OF THE TOUN OF SOUTHAMPrON 299 

ship wch the Seamen said was of burthen about 370 Tuns 22 Guns 
and belongd to London, the Captain was ashoar but the mate was 
aboard, and said they came from Guinea but they saw noe negros 
aboard, he said he was bound for Pensilvania, they sold some 
small armes to some of the people who went aboard wth them, 
that she was navigated wth 25 men or there abouts, they said she 
had sundry goods aboard, but had ordrs not to break bulk nor to 
Sell any goods, but found the people very much .... and that 
they had been from London 15 months. Then this Examinant re- 
turned ashoar, he saw the Captain at Jno. Mulfords house wth Coll 
Peirson and two Ministers wth him, and afterwards heard that Coll 
Peirson went wth the said Capt. to New London, and that he had 
hired three Sloops, one at Southampton and two at Southold, and 
the next day the ship was gone I heard that she went to the East- 
ward, having taken a pilot called Samll. Hand along wth him. 

Simon Bonan. 

Deposition of Henry Peirson, Esq. 

Who being duly sworn on the Evangelists of God, and Examined 
saith that on or about the 20th of last moneth he this Deponent 
saw a Ship under saile off Sagaponnack toward the East End- of 
Nassau Island, and took boat wth severall persons, and went on 
board the said ship, and Inquiring what ship she was answer was 
made she was from London, and he asking whither she was bound 
was answered to Pensylvania, he alsoe asking how long they had 
been from England was answered about fifteen moneths. The per- 
son who passed for Capt of the sd ship asked for ffresh provisions, 
and desired to come on shoar wth this Deponent, m ordr to fur- 
nish himselfe therewith, which this Deponent Consented to not 
doubting or suspecting anything of ill in the man because that upon 
this Deponents asking his name, he frankly owned his name to be 
Joseph Bradish, and that he was borne in Cambridge near Boston 
and that his father and Relations lived in or near Charlestown, by 
Boston aforesaid, upon his comeing ashoar he furnishd himselfe 
with provisions, Mr. White, the Minister of the said Sagaponnack 
being att this Deponts house att his coming ahsoar wth the said 
Joseph Bradish, and the said Joseph Bradish ^f ^^^'"f /« ("f j;f 
to some Towne he this Depont together wth Mr. White the Min- 
ister rode with him to the Towne of East Hampton which is about 
five miles from this Deponts house, where there were ^^verall per- 
sons who said they knew his the said Bradish's relations Th^n 
this Depont and Mr. White and the said Bradish returned the same 
day to this Deponts house, and Bradish went on board the ship 
thit night, and came back again the next Day to this Deponts 



300 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

house bringing with him four baggs, two of which had as he said 
a Thousand Dollars or pieces of eight in each and the other two 
baggs had as he said four hundred Dollars or pieces of Eight in 
each he the said Bradish sealling up the said four baggs and leave- 
ing them with this Deponent, att his house together with a small 
bagg of Jewells which bag of Jewells was alsoe sealed up wth the 
same scale as the other baggs were he this Deponent giveing a re- 
ceipt undr his hand to the said Joseph Bradish for the aforesaid 
five baggs, this depont further saith, that the said Joseph Bradish 
gave him Two small guns and a Cask of Powdr of about 60 weight 
as the said Bradish said one Jewel and a small bagg of peices of 
eight wch this Deponent never opened, while Bradish was att this 
Depots house he sent for some bottles of wine and beer to the mate 
and some bottles were brought to this Deponts house but how many 
this Depont took no acct and farther this Deepont saith not. 

Henry Peirson. 

Deposition of Cornelius Schillinx 

Who being duly sworn on the holy Evangelists of God and 
Examined saith that on or about Tuesday the twenty first Inst. 
This Deponent being at East Hampton in the Island of Nassau, saw 
a Certain ship lying about a League from the Shore over against 
the said Town of East Hampton, and did with five or six more go 
wth an Intention to go on board, but being disencouraged by a 
Boat from on board the said ship went not, but was Informed by 
the people in the said Boat, That the said ship was Generally 
thought and reported to be a Privateer or Pyrate and by their 
Observation as well as by this Deponts was a Dutch Built ship, 
and that the aforesaid people had both seen and bought severall 
Dutch arms and knives. The aforesaid ship was said to have been 
about three hundred and seaventy Tuns and to have been about 
fifteen moneths from England. He this Deponent further saith 
yt he heard that Lt. Coll. Henry Peirson had been on board the 
said ship, and brought the Capt. of the said ship (one Bradish) on 
shoar wth him to Sagaponnack to his the said Lt. Coll. Peirsons 
house this Depont alsoe heard that three sloops had been on board 
the said ship, and unloaded her, the mastrs of two wch sloops were 
Ebenezer Meggs and one Carter Gillum the former of wch lives 
in Homonosset or Guilford In Connecticut Colony the lattr in South 
Hold on Long Island. The name of the third this Depont remem- 
bers not, and after the said sloops had so unloaded her, this Depont 
was Informed that they fired Guns into her bottom, and sunk her 
some of wch Guns this Depont believes he heard — further that 
some Indians who had been on board Informed this Depont that 
they had seen arms lye on board about ye said ship as thick as 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMFTON 301 

straws, wch they took to be Dutch arms, and that some other 
Indians had brought on shoar wth them a parcell of hatts and 
Dutch knives and further this Depont saith not. 

Cornelius Schillinx. 



APPENDIX XV. 

EARLY SAG HARBOR IMPRINTS. 

(I have received most kind assistance in compiling the fol- 
lowing list from Mr. Wilberforce Eames and Mr. 0. B. Ackerly.) 

"Verses occasioned by the Loss of the Brig Sally, on Eaton's 
Neck, January 16, 1791, together with some reflections said to 
have been made by Capt. Keeler during the storm." (D. Froth- 
ingham.) 

The Holy Bible abridged: or, the history of the Old and New 
Testament Illustrated with notes, and adorned with cuts. For the use 
of children. Sagg-Harbour, Printed by David Frothingham, 1791. 
(This was advertised on Sept. 13, 1791 as now printing and in a 
short time ready for sale.) 

"A plain and serious address to the Master of a Family on 
the Important subject of Family Religion, by Phillip Doddrige, D. 
D. Sagg Harbour, printed by David Frothingham MDCCXCI." 
(36 pp). 

The Rights of Animals; an oration delivered at the commence- 
ment of Providence College Sept. 7, 1791 by Herman Daggett can- 
aidate for the master's degree, (quotation from Solomon.) Sagg 
Harbour printed by David Frothingham MDCCXCII. 

Proposals for printing (at the printing office Sagg Harbour) 
on elegant large type and good paper, "The Poor Man's Help and 
Young Man's Guide" by Wm. Bartlett M. A. As soon as 400 sub- 
scribers are obtained the work would be put to press. (Advt. in 
Herald of Apl. 12, 1792.) 

The Life of Joseph, the son of Israel. In eight books. Chiefly 
designed to allure young minds to a love of the sacred Scriptures. 
By John Macgowan a new edition (D. F.) in a fancy script Mono- 



302 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

gram. A frontispiece engraving of Jos. and his brethren. Sagg 
Harbour printed and sold by David Frothingham. (No date but 
printed prior to May 3, 1792— 131pp) 

The Evil of Lying; A Sermon delivered at Bridgehampton, Jan- 
uary 13th, 1793 by Aaron Woolworth M. A. pastor of the Church at 
that place. Sagg Harbor printed by David Frothingham 
MDCCXCII. (15pp) 

The Life of Christ as Lord and Redeemer; Lasting as Eternity, 
the Believer's Consolation and worthy of the greatest attention, 
illustrated in a sermon preached at Bridge Hampton on the Lord's 
Day, Sept. 14, 1794, immediately after the funeral of Samuel Buell 
Woolworth, Who died Sept. 13, 1794 in the third year of his age, 
by Samuel Buell, D.D., pastor of the Church of Christ in East 
Hampton. (Two scripture quotations.) Sagg Harbour printed by 
David Frothingham. (42pp.) 

Rules and regulations for the government of the Academy in 
East Hampton, Sagg Harbour printed by David Frothingham 
MDCCXCIV. (12pp) 

A sermon on Covetousness delivered at Southold L. I. Febru- 
ary 1 1795 by Jonathan Bird A. M. Sagg Harbour printed by David 
Frothingham MDCCXCV (15pp) 

An Attempt to Delineate the Character and Services of the 
Faithful Servant of Christ in a sermon preached at the funeral of 
the Rev. Noah Wetmore A. M. late minister at Brookhaven March 
10 1796 by William Schenck A. B. and M. V. D. at Huntington Long 
Island (quotation from St. Paul) published at the request and by 
the widow and children of the deceased. Sagg Harbor printed by 
David Frothingham, (No date) 

The Long Island Magazine or Universal Repository, for June 
1796 (table of contents) Sagg Harbour, printed by David Frothing- 
MDCCXCVI (56 pp. Only one copy known) 

A Remarkable Dream or Vision Which was experienced on the 
night of the 20th May 1799 By Aaron Warner of Plymouth (Conn) 
who died Sept. 3 1800. This Remarkable Dream was left at Mr. 
Warner's death in his own handwriting. Sag Harbour. Printed by 
S. Osborne, near the Market 1802 (23pp) 

The Voice of Gratitude — a discourse delivered on the 22d of 
November 1804 being the anniversary thanksgiving in the Pres- 
byterian Church at Southampton, Long Island, by David S. Bogart 
A. M. Sag Harbor — printed by Alden Spooner 1805 (24pp) 



HISTORY OF THE TOfFN Of SOUTHAMPTON 303 

The Duty of Parents and Children — A sermon addressed to 
the school in Smithtown, December 26. 1803 by Luther Gleason, 
pastor of the Church in that place. Train up a child in the way he 
should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it. Solomon. 
Sag Harbor, N. Y. printed by Alden Spooner 1805. (15pp) 

A Sermon containing a General History of the Town of East 
Hampton (L. I.) from its First Settlement to the Present Time, De- 
livered at East Hampton Jan. 1 1806 by Lyman Beecher, pastor of 
the Church in that place. Sag Harbor printed by Alden Spooner 
1806. (40pp) 

A Dialogue Exhibiting some of the Principles and Practical 
Consequences of Modern Infidelity. Sag Harbor printed by Alden 
Spooner 1806 (24pp) 

A Sermon Occasioned by the Lamented Death of Mrs. Frances 
M. Sands of New Shoreham, formerly an inhabitant of East Hamp- 
ton (L. L) Composed and now made public at the request of her 
afflicted partner, and delivered at East Hampton Oct. 12 th 1806. 
By Lyman Beecher, Pastor of the church at that place. Sag Harbor. 
Printed by Alden Spooner 1806. 20pp. 12 mo. 

An Affecting History of the Captivity and Sufferings of Mrs. 
Velnet, an Italian lady, who was seven years a slave in Tripoli, 
three of which she was confined in a dungeon loaded with irons; At 
times put to the most cruel tortures ever invented by men. Written 
by herself. Second American edition. Sag Harbor N. Y. printed 
by Alden Spooner 1806. 

Catalogue of Books contained in the Franklinean library of 
Setauket, instituted June 7 1806. [quotation from B. Franklin] Sag 
Harbor, N. Y. printed by Alden Spooner, 1807 (12 pp) 

A Circular Letter addressed by the Presbytery of Long Island 
to the several churches under their care. Printed by Alden Spoon- 
er, Sag Harbor, 1807. 

Constitution of the Literary Society of Sag Harbor, adopted at 
the establishment of the Institution Feb. 9 1807. Sag Harbor, 
printed by Alden Spooner 1807. 

The remedy for duelling, A sermon delivered before the Pres- 
bytery of Long Island, at the opening of their session at Aquebogue, 
April 16 1806, by Lyman Beecher, pastor of the Church in East 
Hampton, published by the request of Presbytery. Sag Harbor, 
printed by Alden Spooner 1807. (44pp) 



304 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTH AM FTON 

An Impartial Narrative of the Trial of Mr. Luther Gleason 
before the Congregational Convention of Long Island, holden at 
Old Man's Brookhaven, April 13 1803; to which is prefixed a brief 
account of said Luther Gleason, from the time of his coming into 
this part of the Church, By the prosecutor, (quotation from the 
Savior.) Sag Harbor, printed by Alden Spooner 1808 (100 pp.) 

A Faithful Narrative of the remarkable revival of religion, in 
the congregation of Easthampton, on Long Island In the year of 
our Lord, 1764; with some reflections. By Samuel Buell, D. D. late 
minister of the gospel in that place, To which are added. Sketches 
of the author's life — memoirs of his daughter Mrs. Conklin, and 
his son, Samuel Buell, which were annexed to the sermons pub- 
lished on the occasion of their death. And, also, an account of the 
revival of religion in Bridgehampton & East Hampton in the year 
1800. Sag-Harbor: printed by Alden Spooner. 1808 (144 pp. 
Frontispiece portrait of Buell.) 

Sketches of the Life of Joseph Mountain, A Negro who was 
executed at New Haven on the 20th day of October, 1790, for a 
rape committed on the 26 day of May 1790— Sag Harbour (L. I.) 
Printed for the Purchasers. 1808 [Printed by Alden Spooner] 

Parker's American Citizen's Sure Guide or Ready Reckoner, 
Measurer and Calendar by Solomon Parker. Sag Harbor, printed by 
Alden Spooner for the Author 1808. (287pp) 

A Letter from the Hon. John Quincy Adams, A member of 
the Senate of the United States from the State of Massachusetts, 
addressed to the Hon. Harrison Gray Otis, on the present state of 
our National affairs, with remarks on Mr. Pickering's letter to the 
Governor of Massachusetts,— Sag Harbor, printed by Alden 
Spooner 1808. (36pp) 

A Collection of hymns, original and select, For the use of 
small assemblies and private Christians by Nathaniel S. Prime. I 
will sing with the Spirit and I will sing with the Understanding, 
also. Sag Harbor, printed by Alden Spooner 1809 (144pp) 

An inquiry into the Cause of the prosperity of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church in the United States to which is annexed an ap- 
pendix containing a statement of the peculiar doctrines of the Cal- 
vinists and Methodists contrasted by James Snowden, Sag Harbor, 
printed by Alden Spooner 1809 (120pp) 

The Village Church, a Poem by the Rev. Nathaniel Rowell. 
printed by Alden Spooner, Sag Harbor 1809 (llpp) 



HISTORY OF THE TOU'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 305 

Speech of the Hon. Mr. Bayard, delivered in the Senate of the 
United States, Tuesday, February 14, 1809, on the motion to strike 
out that part of Mr. Giles' Resolution which interdicts all com- 
mercial intercourse between England and France and their De- 
pendencies. Printed at Sag Harbor, 1809 (No printer named, prob- 
ably Spooner) 

The Contrast, or the death bed of a Free Thinker and the 
death bed of a Christion exemplified in the last hours of the Hon. 
Francis Newport and the Rev. Samuel Finley, D. D. Sag Harbor, 
printed by Alden Spooner 1810 (32pp) 

An Address of the Republican Committee of Nomination To 
the Electors of the County of Suffolk on the affairs of the General 
Government and objects of importance connected with the ensuing 
election. (Cut of a spread eagle) Sag Harbor, printed by Alden 
Spooner, (16pp printed 1810.) 

An Entertaining Controversy between Rev. Lemuel Haynes 
Minister of a Congregational Church in Rutland (Vermont) and 
Rev Hosea Ballon, Preacher of the Doctrine of Universal Salva- 
tion, Consisting First, of a sermon by Mr. Haynes delivered at 
West Rutland, in the year 1805, entitled "Universal Salvation a 
very ancient doctrine, with some account of the life and character 
of its author" immediately after hearing Mr. Ballon zealously ex- 
hibit his sentiments in support of that doctrine. Second, An epistle 
by Mr Ballon to Mr. Haynes being a Reply to his sermon dehvered 
at West Rutland. Third, A lengthy Letter by Mr. Haynes to Mr. 
Ballon, in reply to the Epistle. Sag Harbor. Printed by Alden 
Spooner, 1810. (58pp). 

[Haynes was a man of color. He died at Granville, N. Y., in 
Oct. 1833 ae 80 

He preached over 50 years at West Rutland, Vt. 0. B. A.] 

An Abridgment of L. Murray's Grammar, with an appendix 
containing an exemplification of the parts of speech and exercises 
in syntax designed for the Younger Classes of learners- by L ^d" 
ley Murray, Sag Harbor, Printed by Alden Spooner 1810 (107pp) 

Prayer for Ministers, A Christian Duty. A sermon delivered 
Oct. 23d 1816 at the Ordination of the Rev. Henry Fuller as the 
Pastor of the United Congregation of Smithtown and Fresh Ponds 
by Aaron Woolworth D. D. Pastor of the Church in Bridge Hamp- 
ton. Published by request. Sag Harbor. Printed by Samuel A. 
Seabury 1817 (18pp) 



306 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

A Sermon occasioned by the Death of Miss Mary Hill who 
died of a consumption January 19th 1817 aged 26 years. Written 
and published by the request of her afflicted friends and delivered 
by John D. Gardiner, Pastor of the Presbyterian Church in this 
Place. Price 15c. Sag Harbor. Printed by Samuel A. Seabury 
1817 

The Constitution of the Suffolk County Bible Society. Organ- 
ized Oct. 3d 1815. Printed by Samuel A. Seabury. Sag Harbor 
1818 

Rules and Orders of the Court of Common Pleas of Suffolk 
County, N. Y. Printed by Samuel A. Seabury 1819 

General Laws of the State of New York, together with the 
local laws of the County of Suffolk. Passed at the 49th Session in 
1826. Printed at the Corrector Offlce, Sag Harbor. 1826 

An Essay By Evan Evans Minister of the Gospel at Aque- 
bogue. "For we can do nothing against the truth, but for the 
truth." Paul. Sag Harbour March 1828 (lOpp) 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



307 



APPENDIX XVI. 

MUSTER ROLLS. 

A muster Roll of ye Suffolk Regiment Anno Don 171 5. 
Henry Smith Col. Joseph Wickham, Lieut (Col) Will'm 
Smith Maj'r. 

(Erroneously entered as a Regiment of Horse) 

Troop 

John Cooper Capt. 

John Corvvin Lieut 

Jonathan Baker Comet 

John Benjamen Quarter Master 

Jonathan Horton Clarke 

John Morehouse Corporall 

Obadiah Smith Corp'll 

Nathan Sayre 
Henry Pierson 
Nathaniell Halsey 
James Clarke 
John Lupton 
Abraham Pierson 
Benjamen Moore 
William osmun 
Samuell Parsons 
Robert Moore 
William Schillinx 
Josiah Miller 
Richard Shaw 
Eliakim Conckling 
John Squire 
Daniell Osban 
Daniell Baker 
Aron Burnett 
Isaac Overton 
William Arnold 



John Bud 
John Conckline 
Joseph Smith 
Thomas Sayre 
George Harris 
Edward Howell 
Jonah Rogers 
John Mitchell 
Daniell Sayre 
David Burnett 
Reciompence Carte 
Daniell Miller 
Israel Parshall 
Christopher Youngs 
David Horton 
David Howell 
Barnabas Wines 
David Corey 
Samuell Clarke 
Abraham Cooper 



Samuell Jones 



Southampton Company N : i 

Jeramiah Scott Capt. 
John Foster Lieut 
John Post Ens. 

Benjamin Jagger 



308 

obadiah Rogers 
Jeremiah Jagger 
Joshua Halsey 
Ephraim White 
Jeremiah Culver 
Ichabod Sayre 
Samuell Jagger 
William Jennings 
Samuell Jennings 
Benjamin Hayne 
John Haines 
David Haines 
John Harris 
Joseph Lupton 
David Roase 
David Shaw 
David Roase 
Thomas Lupton 
Zachariah Davie 
Joseph Wolle 
Josiah Bishop 
Joseph Smith 
Joseph Goodale 
Jonathan Goodale 
William Foster 
Josiah Loughton 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Samuel Bishop 
John Wolle 
Nathan Hildreth 
Isaac Hildreth 
Jeremiah Foster 
John Foster 
Samuell Woodruff 
Isaac Woodruff 
Isaac Halsey 
Isaac Halsey 
John Jagger 
Jeremiah Jagger 
Jonah Howell 
John Clarke 
Samuell Halsey 
Ezekiel Howell 
Jonathan Culver 
Gershom Culver 
Daniell Frazier 
Samuell Jones 
Daniell Bower 
Nathan Jagger 
John Scott 
Amos Wolle 
John Duran 



Christopher Foster 
Daniell Halsey 
Thomas Topping 
Richard Howell 
Isaac Howell 
Obadiah Howell 
Ephraim Halsey 
Joseph Pain 
Henry Jessup 
Daniell Foster 
Zebulon Howell 
Stephen Boyer 
Benjamin Whiting 



Southampton Company N : 2. 

Isaac Halsey Capt 

Nathaniell Howell Lieut 

John Howell Ens 

Isaac Howell 
Josiah Halsey 
Benjamin Foster 
Richard Fowler 
Pelitiah Fordham 
Samuell Pierson 
James Cooper 
Ephraim Hildreth 
Jonathan Hildreth 
Nehemiah Howell 
John Reves 
Arthur Davis 
Thomas Payer 



Benjamin Marshall 
John Reeves 
Isaac Jessup 
Samuell Howell 
Jacob Ware 
John Sayre 
Joseph Burnitt 
Daniell Makintush 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 

David Howell 
Daniell Halsey 
Joseph Howell 
Stephen Herrick 
John Payer 
John Gibbons 
Joseph Fordham 



309 



Bridgehampton Company 
Josiah Tapping Capt 

Henry Ludlam 



Steven Tapping 

Elisha Howell 

Theodore Pierson 

Daniell Hedges 

Martin Rose 

David Halsey 

Obadiah Cook 

Eliphalet Clarke 

Ammy Rescue 

William Tarbell 

John Flint 

Thomas Howell 

John Carwithey 

Benj. Howell 

James White 

John Morris 

Samuel Haines 

Thomas Sanford 

James Hildreth 

Elias Cook 

William Smith 

Josiah Hand 

John Stanburough 

Nathaniell Woodruff 

Thomas Halsey 

Daniell Hildreth 

Josiah Tapping 

Zecheriah Rogers 

Henry Ludlam 

Matthew Lumm 

Jacob Wood 

Ezekiel Sanford 

[State of New York 

Report of the State Historian 1896. 

Colonial Series. Vol. I. pp. 508/9. 511. /14.] 



Zecheriah Sanford 
Joseph More 
Alexander Wilmut 
Joshua Hildreth 
Ethan Sayre 
Israel Rose 
Josiah Stranburough 
Isaac Miller 
Charles Stevens 
Abiell Cook 
Jeremiah Halsey 
James Haines 
Samuell Lume , 
Thomas Cooper 
David Lupton 
Jonathan Cook 
Samuell Harris 
Jonathan Jagger 
Edward Howell 
Elias Petty 
Abraham Halsey 
Jeremiah Ludlam 
Jeremiah Halsey 
Theophilus Howell 
John Cooper 
Elnathan White 
Benjamen Bennit 
Isaac Sayre 
Job wick 
Job Pierson 
Matthias Sweary 



310 



HISTORY Of THE TOfTN 

Capt. Elias Hand's 



Captain Elias Hand 
Nathan Miller 
Abraham Flint 
Simon Cooper 
John Squire 
Stephen shorn 
Isaac Barns 
Abraham Edwards 
Abraham Pain 
John Field 
Samuel Russel 
Abraham Schelinger 
1st Lieut. Daniel Topping 
2d Lieut. Georg Herrick 
Nathan Baker 
Thomas Filer 
Daniel Hopping 
Sineus Dibble 
William Miller 
Joseph Leek 
Solomon Molatto 
Henry Roalt 
William Pairi 
Ebenezer Yeamans 
John Russel 
Chapman Jennings 
Bristol Muckett 
Samuel Bennett 
John Hulbert 
Samuel Foster 
Zerubbabel Howell 
Stephen Obadiah Fox 
David Foster 
Samuel Howell Jun'r 
Ryall Howell 
Joshua Halsey 
Obadiah Foster 
Silas Webb 
Jeremiah Howell 
Obadiah Cook 
Judah Colman 
Solvester Indian 
Ichabod Halsey 



Of SOUTHAMPTON 

Company 1758 

Samuel Hand 
Ezikiel Hand, Jun'r 
Joseph Jeflfry Indian 
John Indian 
Abraham Dayton 
Jonathan Miller 
Jabez bebee 
Benjamin Leek 
Isaac Whitely 
Robert Jackwies 
Philip James Indian 
Edward Topping 
Silvenus Howell 
Nathan Tarbel 
Isaac Jessup 
Silvester Hudson 
Lewis Stanborough 
John Peter Indian 
John Loper 
John Tammage 
Ebenezer Wade 
John Hart 
Stephen Jennings 
James Stanborough 
David Clark 
Ichabud Edwards 
Josiah Mustee 
Cuff Mollato 
Silas Ludlam 
Stephen Halsey 
Joseph Elliot 
Abraham Squire 
John Shaw 
Jeremiah Utly 
Hugh Jennings 
Jonah Howell, Jun'r 
Elias Jagger 
Stephen Pearce 
Jeremiah Foster 
Josiah Goninck 
David Tagger 
Stephen Wesley 
Zephaniah Sandford 



MISTURY OF THE TUPVN OF SOUTHAMPTON' 311' 

Jeremiah Jagger, Jun'r Peter Mustee 

Thomas Lupton, Jun'r James Warbaton Indian 

Jacob Weaget Indian David Bond 

George Bishop Charles Jocob 

Elnathan Foster William Givyen 

Harry Persons Indian ^'^• 

[State of New York 
Report of the State Historian 1896. 
Colonial Series. Vol. I. p. 860.] 



APPENDIX XVII. 

"ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION" AND ITS SIGNERS. 

Persuaded, that the Salvation of the Rights and Liberties of 
America depends, under God, in the firm Union of its Inhabitants, 
in a vigorous Prosecution of the Measures necessary for its Safety; 
and convinced of the Necessity of preventing the Anarchy and 
Confusion, which attend a Dissolution of the Powers of Govern- 
ment; We the Freeholders and Inhabitants, of being 

greatly alarmed at the avowed Design of the Ministry, to raise a 
Revenue in America; and, shocked by the bloody Scene now acting 
in the Massachusetts Bay, Do, in the most solemn Manner resolve, 
never to become Slaves; and do Associate under all the Ties of Re- 
ligion, Honour, and Love to our Country, to adopt and endeavour to 
carry into Execution, whatever Measures may be recommended by 
the Continental Congress; or resolved upon by our Provincial Con- 
vention, for the Purpose of preserving our Constitution, and op- 
posing the Execution of the several arbitrary, and op- 
pressive Acts of the British Parliament; until a Reconciliation be- 
tween Great Britain and America, on Constitutional Principles 
(which we most ardently Desire) can be obtained; And that we 
will, in all Things follow the Advice of our General Committee, re- 
specting the Purposes aforesaid, the Preservation of Peace and 
good Order, and the Safety of Individuals, and private property. 

Dated in May, 1775. 

Southampton, August 1st, 1775 

John Sandford, Jonah Tarbell, 

Daniel Schellinger, ' ' Jariies Hildreth, 
"Ezekiel Sandford, Jeremiah Halsey, 

Maltby Gelston, Stephen Halsey, 



312 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Paul Halsey, 

John Hulbert, 

John Hildreth, 

Edward Topping, 

Silas Norris, 

Joseph Moore, 

Henry Howell, 

Mitchell Cook, 

Lewis Sandford, 

Josiah raynor, 

Stephen Halsey, 

Luther Hildreth, 

William Gelston, 

John Cook, Jun'r, 

Jonah Sandford, 

Nathan Sandford, 

Thomas Howell, 

Abraham Schellinger, 

Silas Sandford, 

James Hildreth, Jun., 

Daniel Shellinger, iuner, 

Samuel Howell, the 3rd, 

Abraham Sandford, 

Isaac Hildreth, 

Noah Hildreth, 

Timothy Mathews, 

Moses Howell, 

Burnet Cook, 

David Sandford, 

Phineas Howell, 

Abraham Cook, 

Silvanus Halsey, 

Isaac Jessup, 

David Gelston, 

Elias Cook, 

Thomas Cooper, 

Lemuel Howell, 

Ezekiel Sandford, ye Third, 

Philip Howell, 

David Sandford, Jun'r, 



Matthew halsey, 
Nathaniel Jessup, 
George Fordham, 
Nathan Norris, 
Abraham Cook, 
Daniel Moore, 
Theophilus Halsey, 
Thomas Sandford, 
Thomas Topping, 
John Woodruf, 
Henry Brown, 
Stephen Skellinger, 
Walter Howell, 
Robert Moore, 
Matthew Halsey, 
James Terry, 
Thomas Gelston, 
Daniel Schellenger, 
Stephen Cook, 
Elias Cook, Junior, 
Zachariah Sandford, 
Josiah Sandford, 
Daniel Halsey, 
Abraham Hassey, 
Joshua Hildreth, 
Timothy Halsey, 
John Hill, 
Daniel Hains, 
David Howell, 
James Cook, 
Nathan Norris, Jun'r, 
William Sandford, 
Seth Howell, 
Benjamin Sandford, 
Samuel Brown, 
Elias Sandford, 
Josua howell, 
Jonathan Cook, 
Jeremiah Howell, 
Stephen Jessup, 



Stephen Sandford, 

These may Certify that all the Males of the Town of South- 
ampton from sixteen years old and Upwards have signed the above 
Association, Excepting Mr, Elisha Paine and John Cook. 

Signed by Daniel Howell, Chairman 
of Committee of Correspondence. 



APPENDIX XVIII 

WHALING VOYAGES FROM SAG HARBOR 

(In compiling the following table, those portions of 
tables in Starbuck relating to this locality were used as a 
foundation, the additions and corrections being made 
from material furnished by Mr. H. D. Sleight, of Sag 
Harbor, who made an independent compilation from 
original local sources some years ago.) 



314 



HISTORY OF THE TOff'N OF SOUTH AM FTON 



Name of Vessel I Captain 



Managing- Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



Good Luck. 
Success . . . 
Dolpliin . . . 



Joseph Conkling John 
Foster & others... 



1784 I \ 

Eagle jE. Fordham i 

Hope I ^ — ■ Ripley ....|D. Gardiner & Bro. 



, .iSilas Howell ,Ben. Huntting 



1785 



Lucy . . . 
America 



Lucy 



Lucy 



1790 



Col. Hunttinf 



D. Squires Ben. Huntting . . 

f ! I ■ ; V I \/ t ^ ■-/-'< 'fr /. 



May 15, 1785 
June 4, 1785 

July, 1790 



1791 


^?" 


'" 


' ' 


"TT 










S. Howell & Co 






}J7fl3f..,- 


:. j. 






• 


\ 


Betsey .-. , 






S. Howell & Co 




. S ^A 








1793 










■■\ 


Betsey ' ....'. 






S. Howell & Co 




\ 








rnoTi 


: -1 i/ 


< ; ( 1 < ■ 






■1 



1791 

Betsey S. Howell & Co ".*.... 

Lucy Rogers 



1795 

Betsey S. Howell & Co 

Lucy I 



179fi j 
Hetty JBen. Huntting 

1797 
Criterion Ben. Huntting 

1798 
Mary t jBen. Huntting 

1800 \ 
Minerva ; Fowler . . . . | 

1801 
Abigail , 

1802 
Abigail Barnard . . . ] Vug. 



179S 



1800 



1801 



1803 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



315 



Class and 
Tonnag-e 


Whaling Ground 


S.Oil W.Oil Bone 


Remarka 


Sloop .... 


.\tlantic 




No record of catch. 


Schr 


So. Shore. L. I. . . . 




No record of catch. 
No record of catch. 

No record of catch. 
Voyai?^e unprofitable. 








Hopeless venture. 


Brig- 


Brazil 


: . ;; ■ 360 


Bought from Middletown, Conn., 






300 • 


1785. 


Brigr 


Brazil 


800 








.... 750 




Brig: 212 








Brigr 212 
















Bri? 212 
















Brig- 212 










Brazil 




Last reported with 750 barrels. 
Wrecked on Cape Cod 1795 


Brig: 212 






" 

















Ship 256| 



229 



Brig 


215 

215 




Ship 




Brig 











Added 1798. 



Ship 



Brazil 



iLiast reported with 900 whale. 



316 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 


Captain 


Managing Owner 
or Agent 


Date 
Sailing — Arrival 


Minerva 


• Fowler . . . . 




1803 


1803 
Abigail 






1804 


Minerva 






1804 


Nancy 


John Godbee .... 




Jan. 25 1804 


1804 
Alknomac 


John Hildreth 

Sandford . . 


Ben. Huntting 

Howell & Beebe 


Aug.-May 20. 1805 
June 28, 1805 


Nancy 


Abigail 




June 28 1805 


1805 
Minerva 






May. 1806 
July 14, 1806 

July 7. 1807 
July 4 1806 


Abigail 


Topping. . . 




1806 
Abigail 






tirazil !a. Polger 7. . .T. . . 


G. & T. Havens 


St. Lawrence 


James Post 




July 17 1806 
June 28, 1806 

May, 1808 






Howell & Beebe 


1807 
Alknomac 


Jones 


Brazil 


Fowler. . . . 




Minerva 

Warren 


F. Sayres 




1807 




S. Howell & Co 




Jefferson 


Godbee. . . . 


June 3 1807 


1808 
Alknomac 


Jones 




1809 


Brazil 








Warren 


— Post 






Washington 


— • Fowler. . . . 




May 13. 1809 
1808 


Abigail 


— — — Bunker . . . 
F. Sayres 


S. Huntting & Co 


Minerva 


1809 
Abigail 






Alknomac 


Jones 




Jefferson 


Post 




Lavinia 








June, 1810 


W arren 


— Sayre 




Washington 






Fowler 






1810 
Abigail 


Bunker . . . 

Wm. Fowler 




Washington 

1811 
Abby 




Aug. iz, iaii 


S. Howell & Co 


Sept. -July, 1812 


1812 
Abigail 


Geo. Post 










1814 
Warren 


Ed. Halsey 





HISTORY OF THE TOlf'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 



317 



Class and 
Tonn?is:e 



Whalin.i; Ground S.Oil W.Oil Bone; 



Reniai'ka 



Ship 



Ship .... Brazil 



200 



800 



Last reported with 900 whale. 



Ship .... iPatagonia ; .... 1,3S0 

200i SOO 

Brig ....i I-... 1.200 



Ship 
Brig- 



. . Brazil 



1.300 



Bris- 
Ship 
Ship 



500 



208 1,300 

■284::::::::::::::::::^..!° \}m :::::i$2o,ooo. 



Ship 



Braizil 



215i 

284| 1.600 

299 1,600 



Ship 



Brii^ 
Ship 



Brazil 



1,600 



1,700 
450 



215 



Last reported with 1,000 whale, 
[probably obtained abt. 1.600 
! barrels. 



iSold to Nantucket 1809. 



Ship 



Brazil 



Patag-onia 
Brazil . . . 



(00 



Ship Brazil SOO 

3081 1.150 



Ship Brazil 1,100 

50 1,000 Sold for $1 a gallon. 

Ship 284 1,800 



318 



HISTORY OF THE TOITN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



1815 
Argonaut . . 



Martha 
Warren 



1816 



Abigail 



1817 



Abigail . . . . 

Andes 

Charlotte . . 
Fair Helen . 

Gov. 

Octavia . . . . 

1818 

Arg-onaut . . 
Martha . . . . 



Octavia 

Thomas Nelson. 



1819 



Fowler 



James Post 



Post . . . 
Skinner 



Fow'lei 
Post . . 



Halsey 



Post . . . 
Gardner 



Abigail 

Argonaut 

Fair Helen 

Hanniljal 

Octavia 

Thoma,s Nelson. . . 
Union 



Cofiin . . 
Osborne 



1820 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date ■ 
Sailing — Arrival 



June 2, 1816 



July. 1816 



July 2, 1819 



June, 1819 
July. 1819 



July 

July's' 

July 



June, 



Abigail . . . 
Argonaut . 
Fair Helen. 



Sayre 



Aug. 



Julius Caesar |01iver Fowler 



Mai cus 
Ontario 

Union . . 



Smith July 



Post 

Osborne. 



July-March. 1821 



1821 




1822 

Andes 1 Griffins 

Argonaut |!saac Sayre . 

Fair Helen I Sayre. 

Gen. Scott j 

Hannibal IG. Post 



Apr.. 1822 



March, ^. 1823 

Jan. 29 1823 

June, 182-^ 



Ocean 

Octavia ] H. Green 

Thorn — Gardner 



May 31, 182 



HISTORY Of THE TUH'N Of SOUTHAMHTUN 



319 



Class and 
Tonnage 


Whaling Ground 


3. Oil W.Oil Bone 


Remark;! 


Ship 


... 


Brazil 


1,500 

".;';■. "966 '.'.'.'.'. 

1,200 


Returned leaking badly. 


Ship 




Brazil 




Last reported with 500 whale. 
Last reported with 900 whale. 


" 




" 




Last reportde with 800 whale. 
Last reported with 700 whale. 
Last reported with 1,200 whale. 


Ship 


•••• 


Brazil 


'..'.'. I'.SOO '.'.'. .. 
1,300 




Ship 


"254 
■309 


Brazil 




Last reported with 600 whale. 
Last reported with 1,260 whale 


„ 


Brazil 


.'.■;; I'.Goo '.'.'.'.'. 

.'.'.'. 2,566 '.'.'.'.'. 


Last reported with 800 whale. 
Last reported with 1,400 whale. 


" 


'262 




Last reported with 900 wlmle. 


Ship 


"254 


Patagonia 

Brazil 


:::: :::: ::::: 


Last reported with 1,200 whale. 
Retd. in Sept. with a sprung 

mainmast; sailed again in 

1820. 


•'j 


'283 
"262 


Pacific 

Brajzil 

Patagonia 

Brazil 


..'.'. 2,666 '.'.'.'.'. 




Ship 


.... 


Brazil 


1,700 


Reported Feb.. 1822, with 1,700 

whale. 
Condemned and broken up abt. 

1822. 


" 


.!!". 


Pacific 

IBrazil 

Ifatagonia 


.■;;; i',856 '.'.'.'.'. 


Last reported with 1.350 sperm. 
Last reported with 1,400 whale 


Ship 




Brazil 


1,400 


j^'ote. — Eight ships sailed from 


Briff 




100 1,500 11,000 
1.450 


Sag Harbor in 1822, returning 
in 1823 with 1842 sperm, 9,731 
whale and 45,800 lbs. bone. 


Ship 

Sloop 

Ship 




Brazil 








Brazil 


; .■ ; ; 1,666 '.'.'.'.'. 





320 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMP-TON 



Name of Vessel 



1823 



Andes 

Argonaut . 
Kair Helen 
Gen. Scott. 
Hannibal . . 



Marcus 
Octavia 



Ocean 
Thorn 
Union 



1824 



Arg'onaut . 
Fair Helen 
Hannibal . . 
Octavia . . . 

Thorn 

Union 



1825 



Fair Helen 
Hannibal . . 
Marcus . . . 
Octavia . . . 
Union 



1826 



Arsonaut . 
Fair Helen 
Hannibal . , 
Marcus . . . 
Tliames . . . 
Thorn . . . . 
Union 



1827 



Andes 



Arabella . 
American 
Arg-onaut 



Cadmus . . . 
Fair Helen 
Hannibal . . 
Marcus . . . 
Neptune . . 

Thorn 

Thames . . . 
Union 



1828 



American 
Argonaut 
Claudio . , 
Cadmus . , 
Henry . . , 



Captain 



Managing Owner 
or Asent 



Date 
Sailing- — Arrival 



Sayre. 



Green 



Sayre . 
Griffin 



Smith . 
Gardner 
Griftin . 



Howland. 



Sayre 



Howell. 
Green . . 
Sayre . . 
Griftin . 
Griffin . 



Griffin 



.June 3-Apr. 30, '2 4 
May 31 



May 31-May 31. '24 



Jan 29, '25 
June 5. '25 



May 31 



May 31, '24 



June, ISi'.fi 
June 22, '25 



June 6. '25 



JAug.-June 25, '26 
Augr. 
Aug-. 

Aug.-May, 1826 
I May, 1826 



Green . 
Sayre . 
Cooper 
Howell 
Griffin 



Tupper 



I June 27, '27 

...■ !july 22-July 1827 

I June 26, '27. 

Mulford & Sleig-ht iJune 25-June 22, '27 

July 22-May, 1827 

July 22-July, 1827 



Matthew Sayre 

Post . . . 

Sayre . . 



S. & L. Howell I Aug-. 24-July 3, '30 

I June 9. '28 

May, 1828 



Harris 
Green . 
Halsey 



Hand . 
Sayre 



George Post . . . 
Uriah Sayre . . . 
A. K. Griffn . . . 
George Howell 



Mulford & Sleight. 



iJuly 28 

May, 182? 
June 12, 182J 



June 7, 182S 
Sept.-May 24, '2J 



July 10-May 30. '29 

July 17-Apr. 2 4, 29 

Oct-Nov. 19, '29 

June 19-Apr. 8. '29 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



321 



Class and ^yhalin?? Ground S. Oil W. Oil Bonel 
Tonnage 



Remarks 



Ship 



Brig 
Ship 



Sloop 
Ship 



Ship 



Ship 



Ship 



Ship 



299 



299 



Brazil I 150 1,450 

.'.'.' !!!.'! I 50 '350 



Pacific . . . 
Patagonia 



Atlantic 
Braxil . 



1.800 



1.700 
1*,400 



Brazil 1.700 

. . 2,060 



2,000 



South Seas 
Brazil . . . . 



400 
600 



Patagonia 



50 



Pacific 

1.250 
1,150 
1,660 

'SSOlBrazil I 1.450 

299! " I 1.900 

. . . .iPatagonia |.... 1,250 



Brazil 



366 Pacific i2.853 

282ir>atagonia 1,600 

254:Brazil I 1,400 



310 



309, 
2831 



Brazil 



Full 
1,200 



299 Patagonia I 170 1,500 

350; " 2,000 



Sold large part of cargo, re- 
turned with coee, sugar and 
turned with coffee sugar and 

Brought home some bone. 

Lost her mast off Sandy Hook: 
towed into New York. 



Last reported 1.100 whale. 

Last reported 1,800 whale. 
Last reported 1,400 whale. 



Brazil j 1,585 9,000 



Reported Feb. 5, 1827. with 
1,650 whale. 



Reported with 1,600 whale. 
Condemned on returning from 
voyage. 



Reported in another place as 
having 1,750 whale. 

Condemned abt. 1828. 



8.0001 

Y,666| 



Last reported March, 1828 1,000 
whale. 



Ship 282 South Seas i 1,687 16,773 

254 Brazil ;.... 1,490 13,328 

Brig 136 \frica ' 300 •••■• 

Ship 310 Brazil 28 1.927 17,012 



Brought also 300 furs. 

Reported Dec, 1828. with 1.700 
whale. . 



322 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Hannibal 
Marcus . 
Potosi . . 
Thames . 
Thorn . . . 
Union . . . 



1S29 



Arg-onaut 
American 
Cadmus . , 
Columbia 
Henry . . . 
Hannibal , 
Marcus . . 
Thames . , 
Thorn . . . , 



1830 



Arg-onaut 
American 
Henry . . , 
Hannibal 
Nimrod . 
Neptune 
Phenix . . 
Potosi . . 
Thames . 
Thorn ... 



1831 



Acasta . . , 
Arabella , 
Arg'onaut 
Columbia 
Cadmus . 
Hannibal . 
Henry . . . 
Marcus . 
Neptune 
Nimrod . 
Potosi . . 



Phenix 

Thames 

Thorn 

Telegraph . . . 

Triad 

Xenophon . . . 
1832 

Acasta 

American . . . 

Ann 

Cadmus 

Columbia . . . 

Delta 

Franklin . . . . 
Gov. Clinton 
Hannibal . . . 

Marcus 

Nimrod 

Neptune . . . , 

Phenix 

Thorn 

Washing-ton , 



Captain 



Henry Green . . . 
Andrew Halsey. 
Chas. Griffin . . . 
Hunts'. Cooper . 
Syls. Griffins . . 
Ed. Halsey 



liriah Sayre 

Wm. A. Jones. . . , 
George Howell . . 
Ivobert F. Hand. , 
Sylvester Griffin^ 
Henry Green . . . . 
Barney Green . . . 
Hunttg. Cooper , 
Hervey Harris. . , 



Jones 



Parker. 
Halsey 
Post . . 



Cooper 
Howell 



Allen . . 
Pearson 



Hand . 
Howell 



Greene 
Griffiii' 



N. Case 



Greene 
Hand . 
Howell 
Sayer . 



Griffin 



Harris 
Jones . 
Howell 



Hand 



Isaac Sayre 

Fordham. . 

Rogers . . . 

Parker . . . 

Cartwright 

Halsey . . . 

Cooper . . . 

Cooper . . . 

Havens . . . 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



July IS-Apr. 15. '29 
IJuly 23-June 1, '29 



John Brown 



July 7-June 1 '29 
July 18-Apl. 27. '-9 
July 26-Apl. 9. '29 



S. & L. Howell jJune 2 4-June 12, '30 

B. Huntting & Co June 24-June 5, '30 

Mulford & Sleight June 22-Ma 27. '30 

Luther D. Cook July 27-June 5, '30 

Chas. T. Dering July 30-May 27, '30 

S. & B. Huntting & Co . . June 30-Apl. 20, '30 

S. & N. Howell June 30-June 5. '30 

Mulford & Sleight July 22-May 27, '30 

" June 22-June 3, '30 



Chas. T. Dering & Co. 



S. & B. Hunttins 



Mulford & Sleight. 



July 24 

June 
May 
Feb. 
March 
May 



July 24 



16, '31 

14, '31 

25, '31 

23, '31 

14, '31 
1831 

14, '31 

16, '31 

20, 'J51 



1832 



July 



April 28. 
March 21, 
30 
March 3, 
May 23-Feb. 2 4, 
July 30-Arl. 1. 
July 30-Feb. 21, 
April 1, 



33 
'32 

'32 
'32 
'32 
'32 
'3z 



Aug. 13 



Feb. 2 4, '32 



IJuly 30-Apl. 1. '32 

1 March 3, '32 

July 9-Mch. 27, '32 

June 19, '3 4 

H. & N. Corwin July 30-June 8, '32 

Mulford & Sleight Oct. 17. '34 



jJune 12-May 13, 

! June-May 23, 

M. B. Osborne JNov. 28 1 

June 12-Apl. 15, 

I June-Apl. 1 4, 

H. & N. Corwin | June-Apl. 15, 

C. T. Dering Apl. 2, 

! Apl. 28, 

! May 14, 

I May 13, 

June 12-Apl. 27, 

S. & B. Huntting & Co.. June-Apl. 28, 
" June-l\Iarch, 

May 30, 



Loper iJosiah Douglas June 



'33 
'33 
833 
'33 
'33 
'33 
'33 
'33 
'33 
'33 
'33 
'33 
•34 
'33 
'33 



HISTORY Of THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



323 



Class and 
Tonnage 



Ship 



Ship 



309 Brazil I ••a* J'?n5 



283 



350 . alasonia 
299 Bra:iil . . . 



25 4 Brazil 

282i ;; 

3101 

285 
333 
309! 
283] 
350 
299 



110 


590 


163 


1,359 


107 


1,468 




1,533 


B5 


1,890 




1,877 


104 


1,218 


62 


1,660 




1.594 



Whalint; Ground S.Oil W.Oil bone 



Remarks 



18,641 
24 1,406 11,466 



, .. 1,986 16,700 
68 2,170 21.195 
28 1,449 12.368 



$15,000. 



4.250 
13,055' 
12,622 

ll,685jAdded 1829. 
17,050! 
14,686> 

9,8961 
13.726 
12,875 



Ship 



254 

282 
333 
309 
2 80 

'siij 

*356l 
299; 



Patagonia h^^^ 

Brazil 300 1.800 

South Atlantic l.?qo 

Tristan 90 

Brazil 300 



Ret'd Aug. leaky & condem'd. 



Patagronia 



I'.eoo .:.:; $20,000. 

i.lOO '.'.'.'.'. $25,000 

1,500 

1,760 

1,450 ... 



Ship 



Ship 



286 
366 

25 ■ 

2sr 

310 
309 
333 
283 

'280 



314 

350 
299 



South Atlantic 

Pacific 2.800 

South Atlantic 

Brazil 

South Atlantic 



$20,000. 



2,000 



Full 

1,950 

s^^p^ ':::: IS 

Africa 2.450 

South Atlantic 

Brazil 



16.000 



So. Atlantic 2.000 

Bra7il 1.950 

Pacific 2,900 .... 

Brazil 3,000 

Pacific 



$19,000. ^ ■,, , ^ 

Greenport; lost at Falkland 

Mch. 1832. Had 1.400 whale: 
2*500 $22,006'. Saved 800. 




Atlantic 250 



170 

'256 



!P63,000. 

Greemort. 

$60,000. 

$22,000. 



$22,000. 



st Cape 



1,350 
1,100 



likn" i $2 4,000. 

2,:5O0 ^ ^ 

l_-00 $11,000. Greenport. 

2!l30 

1600 l$18.000. 

1,650 

1.600 , 

1,400 1$18,000. 

2,100 18,500i 



. Atlanilc 110 1,640 



400 2',000 18.000 $28,000. 



516,000. 



324 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of "Vessel 



Captain 



Managing- Owner 
or Agent 



1S33 



Ann '. 

Arabella 

Acasta 

Columbia 

Cadmus 

npniel Webster. . 

Delta 

Franklin 

Gov. Clinton 



Hannibal 
Henry . . 
Hudson . 



Marcus . . . . 
Nimrod . . . . 
Neptune . . . 

Plienix 

Thames . . . . 

Triad 

Washington 

1834 



Ann . . . . , 
American 
Acasta . . 
Cadmus . 
Columbia 
Delta ... 
Gem .... 
Henry . . 
Hannibal 
Marcus . 
Neptune 
Nimrod . 



Ontario . . 
Phenix . . . 
Thames . . 
Telegraph 



Thorn 

Triad 

Washington 



1835 

Ann 

American 
Acasta 
Camillus 
Columbia 
Cadmus . 
Gem .... 
Hudson . 
Henry . . 
Hannibal 
Marcus . 
Nentune 
Nimrod . 
Panama 
Thames . . . . 

Thorn 

"U^ashington 
Xenouhon . . 
Bayard . . . . 
Delta 



Howell . 
Fierson 
Hand . , 
Hedges 



j N. & G. Howell jAug 

j I 

.Luther D. Cook June 



Hand IMulford & Sleight. 

Fierson ... IE. Mulford .... 

Sayre Ih. & N. Corwin. 

C. Griffin '.C. T. Dering ... 

Ludlow 



Cooper 

E. D. Topping 
— Greene 



iS. & B. Huntting & Co.. 

iC. T. Dering & Co 

Luther D. Cook 



Cartwright.jS. & N. Howell 

Barns IC T. Dering & Co. 

Parker 
Cooper 



S. & B. Huntting & Co. 



Date 




Sailing — Arriv 


al 


Apl. 15, 


•34 


Aug. 19-Apl. IS. 


■37 


June 12, 


'34 


June 10-May 22, 


'3 4 


June 6-Mch. 18, 


'34 


Aug. 20-May 12, 


•37 


June 4-Mav 11, 


'34 


Aug. 7-May 18. 


'37 


Aug. 9 




July 10-May 21, 


'34 


Jan. IS, 


'3 4 


July 12-Jan. 29. 


'35 



June 19 

June 19-June 12, '34 

June 4-May 21, '3 4 

May 20, '34 

March, '34 

Feb 3. '34 

Apl. 19, '34 



Howell . . . . 

Jones 

Howell . . . . 

Hand 

Hedges . . . . 

Payne 

Rogers . . . . 
Cartwright. 
Harris . . . . 
E'ldridge. . . 

Sayre 

Barns 



Marcus B. Osborne i June 4-May 11, '35 

I May 8. '35 

Mulford & Sleight 'july 10-May 11. '35 

" iJune 4-Mav 3. '35 

Luther D. Cook July 14-May 12, '35 

H. & N. Corwin July 8-May. '35 

Apl. 21, '35 

Charles T. Dering jMay 12-Mav 2, '35 

S. & B. Huntting & Co..!july 1-May 11. '35 

S. & N. Howell I July 14-June, '35 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. . . I June 26-Mav 7, '35 
C. T. Dering & Co i July 25-May 16. '35 



Parker jS. & B. Huntting & Co..!july 17-May 11, '36 

Cooper [Luther D. Cook j July 25-May 16, '35 

Green June 4-May 24, '35 

Howell . . . . ! i 



Havens ... IMulford & Howell, 

Case I H. & N. Corwin . . . , 

Topping . . . I . . .♦. 



July 26-April '35 

June 4-Mav. '35 

May 12, '35 



Howell 
Jones . 
Glover 
Tonpinj 
Hedges 
Hand . 
Halsey 
Green . 
Cartwright . 
Harris — . . 
Eldridge. . . 

Sayre 

Barns 

Howell . . . . 

Green 

Havens . . . 
Topping . . . 



Marcus B. Osborn July 



June 
June 
Aug. 
July 
July 



— Hand 

— Miller 

— Payne 



S. & B. Huntting & Co. 
Mulford & Sleight 
Charles T. Dering. 
Luther D. Cook. . . 
Mulford & Sleight 

Huntting Cooper jJune 

Luther D. Cook ] 

Chas. T. Dering July 

S. & B. Huntting & Co.. May 

S. & N. Howell jJune 

S. & B. Huntting & Co.. July 

C. T. Dering & Co July 

N. G. Howell Aug. 

iJuly 

Mulford & Sleight I July 

Josiah Douglas July 

Mulford Sz Sleight iMay 

H. .& N. Corwin i 

July 



13-Mav 3, 

29-Julv 1, 
17-Apl. 23, 
2-Ma'y 10, 
16-Mav 11, 
17-Mav 19, 
9-Mch. 6, 

July 1. 
20-Apl. 18, 
16-June 5, 
29-June 17, 
2 

13 

6-Apl. 10, 
20 

20-May 12, 
11 
25-Ar)l. 12, 

May 7, 
23-May 3, 



HISTORY Of THE TOM'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 



325 



Class and 
Tonnage 



Ship 



Ship 



Whaling Ground 



E^acific 

So. Atlantic 



300 So. Atlantic 

366 

286 

285 

307 

397 

314 

391 



Indian Ocean 

Paciflc 

So. Atlantic . 
Pacific 



311 So. Atlantic 

"3681 



288 
280 
338 
314 
350 
336 
350 



East Cape 



299 So. Atlantic 



286 
307 
285| 
314 
326 
333 

311; 

288 
338 
280! 

368 
314 
350 



299 
336 
350 



Pacific 



S.Oil W.Oil Bone 



1,900 
250 

75 



2,500 



2,550 



23 
400 
350 



130 

' 'i5 
400 
500 



65 
300 
140 

'266 

"366 



70 
200 
130 



500 



1,050 
100 
1,400 
1,685 
1.850 

1,666 



1,350 
2,100 
2,350 



1 220 
1.800 
1,850 
2,00n 
2,200 
1.900 



975 
2,000 
1,550 
1,200 
1.600 



12,000 
15,000 



Remarks 



9,000i 



$26,000, 
$19,000. 



Built 1833. Catch, $62,000. 
$14,000. Greenport. 
$63,000. 

Lost in typhoon 1834; 
whale saved. 



900 



11,500 
15,000 



18,000 
18,0uo 



18,000 



$37,000. Formerly London pack- 
et; added 1833. 

$15,000. 



$30,000. 
$18,000. 



$16,000. 
$25,000. 



1,300| 

1,800 $21,000. 

1 200 $24,000. 



1,500 
1.000 
1,950 

220 



Greenport. 



So. Atlantic 
Tristan . . . . 



30 



1.700 
1,900 
1,300 



1,200 
1,900 
1.820 



15,000i$30 000. 

Also reported with 150 sperm, 

1.400 whale. $24,000. 
$26,000. Bot Wareham, '34. 
$38,000. 



Lost at the Marquesas, 
had 2,000 bbls. 



1835; 



I Greenport. 

l,400i$23,000. 



$22,000. 



Ship 



299iSo. 

283 

286 

3451 

285 

307 

326 

368 

333 

311 

283 

338 

280 

464 

350 

299 

3 10 

389 

.'539 

314 



Atlantic 



150 
160 
4 00 
380 
100 
520 



100 



400 
150 



1.850 $25,000. 

1.000 

1 650 Capt. killed by whale. $28,000. 

1.100 $21000. Bot. N. Y. 1835. 

1,000 ' 

820 

900 $27,000. 

1,400 '$35 000. 

2.500 

1,000 

500 

?,', ioo ..... 

1,216 '.'.'.'.. 

$18,000. 

2' (66 .... Jn 0,000. 

l"oro $24,000. G'port. Bot. .X. Y., 35 

1650 ..... $25,000. Greenport owned. 



326 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



Managing- Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



1836 



Ann .... 

American 

Acasta 

Camillus 

Columbia 

Cadmus 

Fanny 

Gem . . 

Henry 

Hudson 

Hannibal 

Hamilton 

Marciis 

Monmouth 

Neptune 

Nimrod 

Ontario 

Phenix 

Romulus 

Thorn 

Thames 

Washington 

Delta 

Roanoke 

Triad 

1837 




Bishop ....Marcus B. Osborn July 6-May 18, 

Jennings. . .S. & B. Huntting & Co.. July 29-Apl. 8. 

Dennison . . Mulford & Sleight June 9-Apl. 28, 

Topping. . . Charles T. Dering Uuly 18-Apl. 19. 

Hedges iLuther D. Cook July 7-Apl. 27. 

Hand iMulford & Sleight July IS-Mch. 15, 

C. W. Payne JN. & G. Howell July 28-May 3, 

Halsey Huntting Cooper July 20-iMay 18, 

Cartwright.[Chas. T. Dering June 16-Apl. 27, 

Aug. 27.-Apl. 9, 
July 8-Apl. 15, 
Sept. 26-May 7. 
July 18-May 4, 
July 18-Apl. 10, 
July l-l\ray 3, 
Sept. 26-May 9, 



Green ;Luther D. Cook 

Douglas ...S. & B. Huntting & Co.. 

Jones jChas. T. Dering 

Sweeney. . . iS. & N. Howell 

Topping . . . ' 

Slate S. & B. Huntting & Co. . 

Parker .... C. T. Dering & Co 



- Green S. & B. Huntting & Co. . June 29-Apl. 30, 

Cooper .... Luther D. Cook Aug. 10-Jun. 10. 



Rodgers. . 
Havens . . . 
Nickerson. 
Topping . . 
Griffin . . . 
Harris . . . 
Loper . . . . 



Mulford & Howell June 15-May 5 

Mulford & Sleight iJune 29-Apl. 10, 

Uuly 7-Apl. 18, 

Josiah Douglas July 18-Apl. 28, 

H. & N. Corwin i July-Apl. 20, 

Wiggins & Parsons j Aug. -May 3, 

H. & N. Corwin July-Apl. 28, 



'37 
'38 
'37 
•37 
'37 
'37 
'37 
'37 
'37 
'37 
'37 
'38 
'37 
'37 
'37 
'37 
•38 
•38 
'37 
•37 
'37 
'38 
•38 
•37 
•37 



Ann 

Acasta 

Arabella 

Camillus 

Columbia 

Concordia 

Cadmus 

Daniel Webster 



Franklin 
Fanny . . 



i ■ Hand 

S. H. Harlow 



Griffin 
Payne . 



France 

Gem 

Henry 

Hudson 

Marcus 

Monmouth 

Neptune 

Noble 

Nimrod 

Romulus 

Thorn 

Thomas DicRason, 

Thames 

Xenophon 

Bayard 

Roanoke , 

Seraph , 



Triad 

Washington 



Bishop Marcus B. Osborn Aug. 3-May 20. ^38 

j Hand iMulford & Sleight July 11-May 19, '38 

Pearson ... IN. & G. Howell July 22-May 20, '39 

'a. Rogers Chas. T. Dering iJuly 8-Apl. 28, '38 

Hedges ... Luther D. Cook July 14-May 7. '38 

Woodward. Thomas Brown May 20-May 10, •SS 

Mulford & Sleight ; May 19, '38 

E. Mulford Aug. 17-Apl. 13, '39 

Chas. T. Dering .Aug. 17-May 4, '39 

N. & G. Howell 1 July 8-May 7, '38 

iJune 21-May 7. '38 

Huntting Cooper July 18-May 8, '38 

Chas. T. Dering June 27-Apl. 27. 3S 

Luther D. Cook Aug. 3-May 26. 39 

S. & N. Howell July 8-Apl. 30, 38 

July-May 8, '38 

S." & B. Huntting & Co. . June 27-Apl. 2 4, '39 

Ira B. Tuthill July 22-May 8, '33 

C. T. Dering & Co July 25-May 20, '3S 

Mulford & Howell July 8-Mch. 18, 39 

Mulford & Sleight July 10-Apl. 7, 38 

July 18-Apl 27, ^39 

trune 27-May 10, '38 

; " June 27-June 23, '38 

H. & N. Corwin \ July-Apl. 22. ;39 

Wiggins & Parsons June-Apl., ^S 

Samuel Lamson July-May. 21, '38 

H. & N. Corwin June-Apl. 2 4, ;39 

James Tuthill June-Apl. 19, 38 



J. E. Howell 

I.iidlow 

■ Cartwight. 

• Green . . . . , 

Payne . . . . . 

• Smith 

Slate 



lames Sayre .... 

Parker ... 

Rodgers . . 

Topping . . 



iW. S. Havens 

Nickerson. 

I Halsey . . . . 

Miller . . . . 

i Case 

j ■ Sherman. . . 



1838 



Ann 



Loper .... 

Robt. N. Wilber. 



Bishop 



American 
Acasta . . , 
Camillus 



.iMarcus B. Osborn July 11-May 9, ^39 

Jennings, .is. & B. Huntting & Co.. May 28-Julv 10, '40 

Smith Mulford & Sleight July 6-Aug. 31. '40 

Rogers . . . .ICharles T. Dering Aug. 1-June 13, '39 



HISTORY OF THE TOfTN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



327 



Class 


; Whalins Ground 


S. Oil 


W. Oil Bone 


Remarks 


Tonnage 








Sliip 


299 So. Atlantic 




1,350 


$22,000. 




283: ." 


'256 


2,150 






'• 


286 


" 








$25,000. 


" 


345 


" 




2',6o6 




$25,000. 


•« 


285 


'« 


'ioo 


2,100 






.< 


307 


" 


90 


1,800 






•• 


391 




100 


2.100 




$28,000. 


•< 


326 










Estimated $25,000. 


<> 


333 


" 


'"85 


I'soo 






" 


368 


100 


2,300 




$30,000. 


•' 


311 




1.500 






<< 


322! 




1.300 




$17,000. 


•< 


283' " 




1,350 






« 


273 " 




1.700 




$20,000. 


'< 


338 




2,300 






« 


280 




1,300 




$18,000. Retd. once with 60 


•< 


368 " 




3,500 




$38,000. sperm. 


•• 


314 


'iio 


1,600 




$19,000. 


<( 


233 " 


100 


1,250 




$28,000. 


« 


299 " 




1.950 






<• 


350 " 


■■56 


1,350 






.( 


340' " 




1,500 




$17,000. 


,1 


314' " 




1.950 




$20,000. Greenport. 


ai 


251 


•1 


'ioo 


700 




$11,000. Greenport. 


" 


33G 


" 


— 


1.800 


$19,000. Greenport. 


Ship 


299 


So. Atlantic 




1.350 |$16,000. 


286 " 


'iso 


570 i$10.000. 


„ 


367 


■« 


60 


740 


„ 


345 


'• 


130 


1,620 $20,000. 


„ 


285 


'< 




1.750 


Bark 
Ship 


265 
307 
397 


I 


' "96 

280 


1,100 

1,800 

2.020 


$33,000. Capt. Harlow killed by 










whale Nov. 6, 1838. 


^, 


391 
391 


„ 


220 


1.100 


$20,000. 


_^ 




60 


1,450 ($19,000. Capf. Payne killed by 








whale Jan. 2. 1838. 


^, 


411 
326 
333 
368 
283 
273 
338 


II 




2,300 |?26,000. 


^^ 


11 


'iso 


1,350 !$22,000. 


^j 


•4 


130 


1,620 


" 


" 


700 


2,000 1546,000. 

750 

1,300 $12,000. 




,1 


'iso 


2,000 










1,100 


$12 000. 


" 


274 
280 
233 
299 


„ 




500 


$6,000. 


'•' 


;. 




1 500 

1,000 


$18,000. 




ti 


'i26 


3,880 40,00C 


*63,000. 




454 


„ 




1,100 


Condemned, Sag: Harbor, 1838. 




350 


„ 




1,475 


$13,000. 




384 


„ 


■366 


1,600 


$41,000. Greenport. 




339 


„ 




1,650 


$18,000. Greenport. 


" 


251 


Atlantic 


'iio 


100 


$5,000. From Greenport. Prob- 






ablv owned in soutnoia. 






So. Atlantic 


165 


1,700 $23,000. Grenoort. 


Ship 


336 
236 


150 


1,300 i$18,000. Greenport. 






«n Af1iintI/> 


30 


970 [Another report says: 200 sperm. 


Ship 


299 "■'• '" "- 




1 1.900 whale. $20 000. 


*' 


283! „ 


400 


1,100 


** 


286 ,. 


200 


1.700 $23,000. 


" 


345 


'« 




1,600 




$19,000. 



32S 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



Managing Owner 
or Asent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



Concordia , 
Columbian 
Cadmus . . . 
France . . . , 



Fanny . . . , 
Gem 

Henry . . . , 
Hannibal . 
Hamilton 
Marcus . . 
Monmouth 
Nimrod . . 
Ontario . . 
Phenix . . . 



— Woodward 

— Pierson . . 

— Babcoclc . . 

— Howell . . . 



Thos. Brown j July 11-Oct., '40 

Luther D. Cook jJune 14-May 15, '39 

Mulford & Sleig-ht jJune 14-May 15, '39 

'N. & G. Howell !Ju.ly 16-Au;i-. 17, '41 



Payne . . . 
Ludlow . 
S ■> eeney 
Bennett . 
.! ones . . . 
Glo\er ". . 
Smith . . . 
1 arker . . 
Green . . . 
Topping- . 



N. & G. Howell luly-May 9, 

Hunttins- Coo;jer July 11-July 30. 

S. L'Hommedieu i ne 23-May 29, 

S. & B. Huntting & Co.. | July 26-July 8, 

C. T. Bering I Aug. 9-Mav 7, 

S. & N. Howell iTi-e 9-Anl. 30, 

July 17-May 21, 

C." T. Dering & Co 

S & B. Huntting & Co. 
iL. D. Cook 



Panama Thos. E Crowell. . 



Thorn 



Tut tie 



J uiy ll-May 9, 

July-July IS. 

July 25-May 8. 

N. & G. Howell June 12-Apl. 11, 

Mulford & Sleight |Uct. IS 



'39 
•39 
•39 
•40 
'40 
'39 
'?9 
'39 
•39 
'40 



T^'ashington 
Xenophon . . 

Delta 

Roanoke . . . 

Seranh 

Wa.shington 
>Coble 



Sayre . 

Lalsey 

Griflin 

Cat^e . . 

Barnes 

Wilber 

Sayre . 



Josiah Douglas July 26-Apl. 2 4, '39 

Multord & Sleight iJ uly 26-J uly 10, •lO 



. .IH. & N. Corwin 

..; Wiggins & Parsons. 

. . Saml. Lamson 

. . James Tuthill 

. . Ira B. Tuthill 



July , '39 

July-May 4, '39 

July-Feb. 26, "39 

July-.May 2. '39 

INI ay 9, '39 



1839 



Ann E. H. Curry . . . . . 

Arabella John Bishop, Jr. 

E. H. Howes 



Cainillus 
Columbia 



L. B. Ldwards. 



Cadmus Hy. Nickerson, Jr 

Daniel Webster . . Edw. M. Baker 



Franklin 



Da\id i'oungs 



ny S. W. Edwards 



Gem 
Hamilton 2nd 



Worth 



D. Hand 

Hudson Saml. Dennison. 

Marcus Glo\ er . . 

Monmouth Bennett . 

Neptune S. H. Sleight . . . 

Nimrod 1 arker . . 

Ontario Green . . . 

Portland Wm. H. Fayne . 

Romulus Fordham. 

Thos. Dickason . . . W. S. Havens . . 

Thames .T. W. Hedges . . 

Washington Wm. Osborn ... 

Bavard 

Delta Payne . . . 

Roanoke Case . . . . 

Seranh ■— Barnes . . 

Triad Issac M. Case. . . 

Washington ■ ■ Wilbur . . 

Noble : Sayre . . . 



Marcus B. Osborn lAug. 25-May 12, 

N. & G. Howell July 30-June 14, 

Chas. T. Dering jAug. 7-July 9, 

Luther D. Cook [July 14-Apl. 2, 

[Mulford & Sleight jJune 2 4-Sep. 2 4, 

!E. Mulford IMay 30-Apl. 19, 

C. T. Dering July 17-Apl. 1 1, 

N. & G. Howell July 14-Mch. 8, 

Huntting Cooper Sep. 9- July 15, 

Muliord & Sleiglit June 17-Oct. 11, 

L. D. Cook Aug. 1-July 23, 

S. & N. Howell July 1-May 3, 

i July 27-May 3, 

S. & B. Huntting & Co..|Aug. 1-Apl. 6, 

C. T. Dering & Co ^Aug. 7-May 29. 

S. & B. Huntting & Co.. Sep. 17-May 15, 
June 13-May 14, 

Mulford & Howell May 30-:\Iay 26. 

Mulford & Sleight July 26-Mch. 26, 

jThos. Brown [May SO-.-Vpl. 3, 

i Josiah Douglas i July 6-Mch. 5. 

H. & N. Corwin July- June, 

'July 15-May 29, 

Wiggins <& Parsons July 12-June 15, 

Saml. Lamson June ll-May 12, 

.'H. & X. Corwin July IS-.-^pl. IS, 

,'James Tuthill jJuly S-May 3. 

, Ira B. Tuthill iJune 12-May 14, 



•41 
'41 
'40 
'41 
'41 
'41 
•41 
'41 
'40 
'4 
'4i 
'40 
•40 
'41 
'40 
•40 
'41 
'10 
'41 
'41 
'41 
•40 
'41 
'40 
'40 
'II 
'40 
'40 



1840 



Acasta Sylv. P. Smith Mulford & Sleight Oct. 11-Aug. 13. '41 

American • Cooper =!. & B. Hun'ting & Co. . Aug.:ll-May 16. i:'. 

Camillus Ezekiel H. Howes. Chas. T. Dering Oct. 15-Dec. 6. '41 

("oncordia Woodward. Thos. Brown Nov. 2S-Apl. 9, 42 

Gem T. B. Worth 'Huntting Cooper Aus. 2S-July 19, '41 

Huron Greene iLuther D. Cook Sept. 1-June 11, '42 



HISTORY OF THE TOfTN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



329 



Class 


and 


Whaling Ground 


S.Oil 


W.Oil 


Bone 


Remarks 


Tonnage 












Bark 


265 


.. 


300 


1.800 






Ship 


285 
307 


.. 





300 
500 






" 


411 


** 


700 


3.500 


26.730 


$60,000. Capt. Howell killed by 
whale. July 23. 1840. 


•' 


391 


'• 




1,000 




$12,000. 


•< 


326 


'• 


600 


1.000 




$30,000. 


" 


333 


" 




900 






•• 


311 


" 


100 


1.550 






«• 


322 


" 


160 


2.200 




$28,000. 


•• 


283 


" 


60 


1,100 






•1 


273 


'• 


75 


825 




$13,000. 


4< 


280 


'• 




1,400 




$18,000. 


•> 


368 


" 








Estimated $20,000. 


" 


314 




120 


2.3S0 




$28,000. Capt. Topping: left 
ship; came home sick. 


• 4 


464 


«« 


400 


3,300 


29,000 




" 


299 


Pacific 









Condemned at Bay of Islands, 
July 1840. Had 50 sperm, 
1,600 whale. 


• • 


340 


So. Atlantic 


58 


350 




$6,000. 


• • 


384 


a 


240 


2,710 




$35,000. 


•t 


314 


" 








No record of catch. Grenport. 


• • 


251 


" 


200 


1,250 




$21,000. Greenport. 


Brigr 


174 


" 


190 


720 




$15,000. Grenport 


Ship 


236 


'• 


200 


1,000 




$18,000. Greenport. 


Bark 


274 




195 


450 




$11,000. Owned, New Suffolk, 



Ship 



Bark 
Brig- 
Ship 

Bark 



299 
367 
345 
285 
307 
397 
391 
391 
326 
455 
368 
283 
273 
338 
280 
368 
292 
233 
454 
414 
3 40 
339 
314 
251 
174 
336 
236 
274 



South Seas 

Pacific .... 
South Seas 

Pacific .... 
South Seas 

So. Atlantic 



New Zealand 
So. Atlantic 



South Seas 
So. Atlantic 





450 
200 
200 
60 
553 




400 
250 
100 





280 
300 
330 
370 
90 

'266 

'356 

130 

360 

150 

85 

■375 

140 
100 
275 
200 
70 



1,750 

2.200 
1,450 
2,350 
1,473 
2.700 
2.800 
3.100 

1 970 
2.600 

"850 
1.200 
2.700 
1.200 
2,350 
2,100 
1,170 
4,000 
3,140 

2 500 
1,100 
1,65 

960 

300 

1,525 

1,200 

530 



14 640 
16,200 



25.207 
12,000 
26,271 
20,246 
25,50L 



15,85& 



22,206 



f34,000. 
i22,000. 



$42,000. 
$38,000. 
$38,000. 
$26,000. 



Sold 1,750 whale. Total. $23,000. 
$28,000. 



$20,000. 
$24,000. 
16,200 $33,000. 
$25,000. 
$56,000. 
Bought 
$30,000. 
$12,000. 
$28,000. 
$14,000. 
$6,000. 
125.000. 
$19,000. 
$8,0000. 



38,001 
26,88, 
22,21 



12,48 



11,29. 



Bot. Newburgh. 

from Newport. 

Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 
New Suffolk. 



Ship 
Bark 
Ship 



286 South Seas ; 2,000 

283 New Zealand I 200 2.250 

345 Atlantic 201 1.409 

265 Indian Ocean | 250 1.100 

326 So. Atlantic ; 50 2,250 

290 " 550 450 



14.900 



11.371 

801 
14.69( 



$22,000. 

$22,000. 

$25,000. 

Bought from Hudson. Another 

report says: 250 sp.. 1,100 wh. 

& 8,000 bone. $18,000. 



330 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



TJTpnrv . .1 John Sweeney Isaml. L'Hommedieu 

^ ■ ; Lewis L. Bennett. .IS. & B. Huntting & Co. 

' ..; Ludlow . 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



Hannibal 
Hamilton . . . 
Hamilton 2nd 
Monmouth . . 

Marcus 

Nimrod 

Ontario 

Phenix 

Romulus . . . . 
Xenophon . . . 

Bayard 

Roanoke . . . . 
Seraph 



Francis Sayre ... 

'^oni. <T^lo- pr Tr. . 

Geo. W. Corwin . 

Washington Kobt. N. Wilbur. . 

Noble James Sayer .... 



D. Hand 

Sayre . 

l>avid Loper . 

Barnes 

Green . 

Briggs 

Rogers 

Halsey 



Aug. 25-June 26. 

Chas. T. Dering I July 2-July. 

Mulford & Sleight Dec. 3- July 14. 

Aug. 4-June 19, 

N. ' & G.' Howell June 15-Sep. 2 4, 

Chas. T. Dering July 9-July 19, 

S. & B. Huntting & Co 

Luther D. Cook 

Mulford & Howell 



Sep. 1-Mav 22, 
July 10-May 26. 
_____ July 8-May 9, 

Muiford & Sleight Aug. 12, -Nov. 2 4, 



1841 



Acasta . . 
Ann . . . . 

Arabella 
Cadmus . 
Camillus 



Columbia 
Crescent 



Daniel Webster 

Fanny 

France 

Franklin 

Gem 

Henry 

Hannibal 

Marcus 

Monmouth . . . . 

Neptune 

Nimrod 

O. C. Raymond 

Panama 

Portland 

S. Richards . . . 
Thames II . . . . 
Thos. Dickason 
Washington . . . 

Wickford 

Wiscasset 

Bayard 

Delta 



H. & N. Corwin. 
Wiggins & Parson. 
Saml. Lamson . . . . 
Wiggins & Parson. 
Ira B. Tuthill 



Havens . 
Curry . . . 
Babcock. 
Smith 



Wickham Jennings 



Edwards. 
Royce . . . 



Baker . . . . 

■ Fordham . 

Edwards. . 

Halsey . . . 

Worth . . . 

Young . . . 

Bennett . . . 

Loner . . . . 

Hedges . . . 

Ludlow . . 

Rogers . . . 

- — - — ■ Dennison. 

Crowell . . 

Payne . . . . 

Dering . . . 

— • Hedges . . . 

■ Havens . . ■ 

Osborne . . 

DP'Vis Miller . . . . 

Smith . . . , 

Fordliam . 

Glover . . , 



Roanoke 
Seraph . 



Triad 

Washington 
Noble 



1842 

Acasta 

Alciope 

.Amerif^an 

Ann Mary Ann. . . 
Barbara 



Case . . 
Corwin 



Case . . 
Griffin 
Brown 



Havens 
Paine . . 
Cooper . 
Winters 
Howes . 



Aug. 5-Aug. 6, 
Aug. 3-Apl. 18, 
July 10-June 4, 
Aug. 6-Aug. 19, 
Mch. 15-June 2. 



Mulford & Sleight. 
Mulford & Howell. . 
.V. & G. Howell . . . 
Mulford & Sleight. 
Chas. T. Dering. . . . 



liUther D. Cook. 
Post & Sherry. . 



N. & G. Howell. 
Cooper 



'41 
'42 
'43 
'41 
'41 
•41 
'42 
•42 
'42 
'42 
'41 
'41 
'41 
•41 
'41 



Sep. 12-July 31. '42 
July 19-May 10. ^43 
Sep. 26-Mch. 17, '44 
Oct. 19-June 28, '43 
Dec. 9-Aug.. '43 



June 26-Mch. 16. '43 
Sep. 27-Aug.. '43 



Mulford & Howell July 8-June 1, 

May 21-Oct., 
Oct. 1-June 10. 
July 12-Apl. 9. 



Hunttins 

Sep. 26-Aug. 5. 

L'Hommedieu June 16-May 10, 

S. & B. Huntting & Co.. | Aug. 4-June 7. 

N. & G. Howell I Nov. 17-July. 

J. H. Jones Sep. 11-June 25. 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. ..; June 1-May 7. 

C. T. Dering & Co Oct. -July 11. 

Sep. 21 

July 6-Oct.. 

June 28-June 23, 

July 10-Nov., 

July 6-Apl. 4.. 

July 14-June 18, 

June 2-Aol. 22, 

Dec. 22-Apl. 

Dec. 6-June 7. 

Sep. 26-May 7. 

Dec. 4-June, 



N. & G. Howell 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 

Mulford & Sleight 

Thomas Brown 

Mulford & Sleight 

Huntting Cooper 

D. T. Vail 



H. & N. Corwin. 



Wiggins & Parson June 2-July 23, '42 

Saml. Lamson 1 July 8 



•43 
'43 
•43 
•44 
•43 
•43 
•42 
'43 
•42 
'43 
•42 

•42 
•42 
•43 
•43 
•44 
•43 
•43 
'44 
•43 
'43 



1 July 7-May. '43 

Sen. 30-May 22. ^43 
B. Tuthill July 19-May 1, '43 



H. & N. Corwin 
Ira 



Mulford & Sleight 

Post & Sherry 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 

Mulford & Sleight Nov. 25-May 27 

Chas. T. Dering IMay 31-July 6 



29-June 20. '44 

44 



Au,, 

Sep. n->TPv 19 
July 1 



»43 

'45 
'43 



HISTORY OF THE TOff'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 



331 



Class and 
Tonnage 



Whaling Ground S. Oil W. Oil Bon. | 



Remarks 



Ship 



Brig 
Ship 
Bark 



Bark 

Ship 



Bark 
Ship 



Brig 
Ship 



Bark 
Brig 



Ship 
Bark 

Ship 

Bark 



333 

311 Indian Ocean 

322 Pacitic 

455 South Seas . . 

273iSo. Atlantic , 

283' 

280 

368 

314 

233 

384 

339; 

251 " 

174!Atlantic ... 

236 So. Atlantic 

274; 



New Zealand 
So. Atlantic . 



286 So. Atlantic . . . 
299 N'evv Zealand .. 
367 Crozette Island 
307, So. Atlantic . . . 
345 



385 
340 

397 
391 
411 
391 
326 
333 
311 
203 
273 
338 
280 

465 
292 
45 4 
.414 
454 
3 40 
115 
380 
339 
314 

251 
174 



336 
236 
274 



Xew Zealand . . 
Orozette Island 



X. W. Coast . 
Xew Zealand 
Indian Ocean 
Xew Zealand 
So. Atlantic . 
Xew Zealand 
Indian Ocean 
So. Atlantic . 



Xew Zealand 
So. Atlantic . 
New Holland 
New Zealand 
Indian Ocean 
New Zealand 



154 

60 

700 

340 



830 
110 
500 
500 
500 
100 
200 
150 
180 
130 
260 



50 
60 

500 
70 

300 



400 
300 



1 900 14.358 

1,650 9.459 

1.600 

3.700 

1,850 

904 4,070 

1,550 13.419 

2,200 

2,100 17.000 

1,200 8,000 

2,000 

1 400 7,432 

1.650 12,028 

315 3,000 

1,123 9,500 

1.200 6.945 



350 
220 
200 



100 



$34,000. 

Ret'd once damaged In gale. 

$20,000. 

$20,000. 

4>,i i.OUO. 

$35,000. 

$35,000. 

Broken up on return. $27,000. 

$21,000. Greenport. 

Greenport. 
Greenport. 

Greenport. 

New Suffolk. N. Y. 



$21,000. 
$9,000. 
$16,000. 
$20,000. 



1,750 
2,340 
2.200 
2,080 
1,000 



13,000 

18,720 
22 000 



700 

' ' 40 
300 

'130 

80 

220 

80 

50 



Atlantic j 50 

New Zealand 250 

Croxette Island ... 250 

South Seas i 300 

So. Atlantic ; 580 

Atlantic .... 



2,200 
1,200 

3,300 
2,550 
2,450 
2.800 
2.200 
2,250 
1,900 
700 
1,850 
2,650 
1 200 

3,570 
2,270 
3,600 
3,220 
2,950 
2.300 

2,666 
1,900 
1,400 

600 



2S6 South Seas 

377 Crozette Island 

284 

380 South Seas 

260 



170 
50 
75 

400 



21.000 
18,000 

33,000 
22,000 
19,600 
28 000 
18,000 
18,000 



$22 000. 
30,000. 



130,000. Another report says: 
700 sperm. Condemned after 
voyage. 



)40,000. Sold 1.500 whale. 
Janeiro. 

M4,000. 
MO, 000. 
S36,000. 
545,000. 
529,000. 



Rio 



5,000 
14,000 $22,000. Cold Spring. 
21.200 



30,000 



$21,000. 

Sold at Valparaiso. 1843. 



30,000 
38.600 
12,000 
18,240 



27,000 
15,200 
11,200 



$29,000. 

$52,000. 

$58 000. 

$39,000. 

$30,000. 

$1,000. 

$48,000 

$28,000 

$24,000 



Capt. died July, '42. 
Withdrawn. 1843. 



New Zealand 110 2.100 

So. Atlantic ' .... 1,700 

New Zealand : 200 2.000 



16 800 
13,600 
16,000 



Owned in Greenport. 
Returned once dam- 
ajred in collision. 

$20,000. Greenport. 

Had 150 sperm, 75 whale; con- 
demned and sold at Rio Ja- 
neiro, Jan., 1842. Catch. 
$4,000. Greenport. 

$30,000. Greenport. 

$22,000. Greenport. 

$29,00. New Suffolk. N. Y. 



1.600 

2,830 

i.ono 

2.600 
900 



13,000 $22,000. 

25.000, $46, 000. Bot. Boston. '42. 

6,000 
23,000l$35,000. 

7,200i$19.000. Formerly a brig; re- 
rlgged 1842. 



332 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 



Name of Vessel 



Gem 

Hamilton . 
Hannibal . 
Henry Lee 
Hudson . . . 
Huron . . . . 
John Jay . . 



Nimrod . 
Ontario . 
Phenix . . 
Portland 
Romulus 
Superior 
Timor . . 
Tuscany 
Roanoke 



Captain 



1843 



Alexander 
American 

Ann 

Barbara . 
Cadmus . . 
Columbia 



Worth . . . 
Ludlow . . 
Bennett . . 
Bennett . . 
Nickerson. 
Green . . . . 
Rogers . . . 



Howes . . . . 
Greene . . . . 
Brigg-s . . . , 
Paine . . . . , 

Case 

Cartwright 
Kldridge. . 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



Huntting Cooper : &ep. 1-Aug. 5, '43 

Chas. T. Bering July 14-May 24, '4 4 

S. & B. Huntting & Co..j Aug. 4 . '43 

Sep. 2-Feb. 17, "45 

Luther D. Cook ,Oct. 11-Apl. 14, '44 

Aug. 20-Aug. '43 
N & G. Howell Oct. 7-Feb. 10, '45 



James Godbey 
Case . 



Concordia 

Crescent 

Citizen 

Daniel Webster 

Fanny 

France 



Gem 

Hamilton 2nd 



Hannibal . . . 

Henry 

Huron 

Helen 

Illinois . . . . 
Josephine . . 
Marcus . . . . 
Manhattan . 
Neptune . . . 
Nimrod . . . . 
Ontario 2nd 
Romulus . . . 
Superior . . . 
Thames II . 
Washington 
Wm. Tell . . 
Bayard . . . . 
Caroline . . . 
Delta 



Jones 

Havens . . . 

Leek 

Howes . . . . 

Smith 

Edwards . . 

Cartwright. 
Miller . . . . 
Lansing . . , 
Curry . . . . . 
Edwards, 



Chas. T. Dering 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 

Luther D. Cook 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 

MiUford & Howell 

Post & Sherry 

Huntting Cooper 

John Budd 

Wiggins & Parsons 



Aug. 28-July, '43 
June 30-Julv 8, '44 
July SC-July 28, »44 
Aug. 4-Apl. 14. '44 
June 22-Aug.. '43 
July-June 10, '43 
Sep. 27-Apl. 26, '44 
Oct. 7-Feb. 26, '45 
Oct. 1-Apl. 18, '44 



— Edwards. 



Worth 
Loper . 



Sarah & Esther. 



Triad 

Washington 
Noble 



Canning . . . 

Brown . . . . 

Green 

Cartwright. 

Jagger . . . . 

Royce 

— — Shearman. . 

Mercator Cooper.. 

Pierson . . . 

Rogers . . . . 

B. R. Green 

Rogers ... 

Bishop ... 

Bishop . . . 

Sanford . . 

Glover . . . 

Fordham . . 

Rose 

Weeks . . . 



Sep. 15-July, 
Sep. 18-Aug. 11, 
July 7-May 6, 
Aug. 26-Ju''" 10, 
Aug. 2 4- June 9, 
Jnue 20-Apl. 2 



Thos. Brown June 30-May 31, 

Post & Sherry Oct. 11-May 6. 



Wm. A. Jones 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 

Mulford & Howell 

Chas. T. Dering 

Mulford & Sleight 

L. D. Cook 



Mulford & Sleight. 
Mulford & Howell. 
N. & G. Howell . . 



Huntting & Cooper. 
Mulford & Sleight. . 



Apl. 21-July 22, 
Aug. 17- Apl. 2, 
Dec. 4-Mch. 12. 
July 21-May 23, 



'48 
'45 
'46 
'44 
'45 
'45 

'45 
'46 
'46 
'45 
•46 
'46 



Sep. 15-May 11, '45 
Aug. 28 



S. & B. Huntting & Co.. Aug. 29-Sep. 2. 

S. L'Hommedieu July 5-May 14. 

L. D. Cook Sep. 21-May 19, 

C. T. Dering & Co Oct. 18- Apl. 6, 

John Budd Oct. 25-Apl. 5. 

Post & Sherry Oct. 29-Sep. 14, 

N. & G. Howell Aug. 31-May 13, 

John Budd |Nov. 8-Oct. 14. 

S. & B. Huntting & Co . . I June 10-May 10. 

Chas. T. Dering lAug. 26-July 18. 

Post & Sherry 'Aug. 31-May 11. 

Mulford & Howell |Sep. 25-June 8, 

Post & Sherry ! July 24-May 10, 

Thomas Brown July 7, -June 2. 

Huntting Cooper June 19-Mch. 30. 

Thos. Brown lOct. 4-July 21, 

Corwin & Howell ISep. 27-July 31 



Harlow 



Case . . . 
Brown . 
Sweeney 



Wiggins & Parsons 
Corwlns & Howell.. 
Ireland. W^ells & 

Carpenter , 

Corwins & Howell . . 
Wigsrins & Parson 
Ira B. Tuthill 



1844 



Acasta 



Mch. 25-Apl. 22. 
Aug. 17-July 3. 
June 16-June 23 

July-Feb. 26, 
July 15-July 19, 
July 17 



Harlow .... John Budd 



'45 
'45 
'45 
'46 
'45 
'46 
'45 
'46 
'45 
'44 
'45 
'45 
'45 
•41 
'45 
•46 
'45 
•45 
'45 

•44 

'45 
'44 



Aug-23-July 23. '47 



HISTORY OF THE TOiVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 



333 



Class and 
Tonnase 



Whaling- Ground S.Oil W.Oil Bonf 



Remarks 



Ship 



Bark 
Ship 



Bark 



Shin 
Bark 
Ship 
Bark 

Ship 

Bark 
Ship 
Bark 
Ship 



Bark 

Ship 



Bark 

Ship 



Bark 

Ship 



Bark 
Ship 
Bark 

Bark 



826 
322 
311 
409 
368 
290 
494 



280 
368 
314 

292 
233 

275 
2SP 
299 

252 



370 
284 
299 
268 
307 
285 

365 
340 
464 
397 
391 
411 



Crozette Island 
South Seas . . . 
Crozette Island 



South Seas . . . 
So. Atlantic . . . 
Crozette Island 



South Seas . 
Indian Ocean 



Crozette Island 
South Seas . . . 



Crozette Island 
South Seas . . . 



N. W. Coast 
Crozettes . . 
So. Atlantic 



Crozettes . . 
So. Atlantic 



South Seas 
N. W. Coast 



New Holland 



326 Crozettes . . 

455 .^. W. Coast 



Coast 



31l!So. Atlantic 

333 

292 N. W. 

424 

413 

397 

283 

440 

388 

280 

489 



Crozettes . . 
N. W. Coast 



So. Atlantic . . . 

V. W. Coast . . . 

233IGrozettes 

275|Indian Ocean . . 

4141 V. W. Coast 

340iSo. Atlantic . . . 
370, \'. W. Coast . . . 
339 " 

252|South Seas . . . 
314 Crozette Island 
157 3o. Atlantic . . . 



350 

50 

100 



500 



100 
80 



130 



100 



100 
200 
130 
300 
250 

160 



130 
25 
40 
90 



100 
100 



20 
30 
60 
75 

"90 

200 

265 

70 

120 



25 



44 

60 

200 



336|South Seas ; 100 

236 

274tSouth Seas I .... 



2,200 
2,050 
1,000 
2,800 
2.450 
1,200 
4,000 



1,000 
3,220 
2.500 
2.500 
950 
1,100 
2,500 
3,300 
1.800 



1,500 
1.800 
1,000 
1,100 
2.250 

1,500 
1,500 
3,000 
3.225 
3,100 
2,710 



1,500 
2,250 
2.400 
3.9S0 
2,900 
3,000 

1 000 

2;i69 
300 
3,400 
1,130 
1,400 
2,000 
2.675 
2,750 

2 160 
1 5 40 
1,300 

600 

2,500 
1.400 
1,4F0 



000 
000 
000 

000 

oot 



40.000 



,000 
000 
.000 
,000 



600 
,000 
000 
000 



14,000 
5,000 
8 000 
8,000 

28,000 

14.000 
5.000 
9,000 
33,000 
13 000 
10,000 



10.000 
22,00o 
24,000 
12,000 
26,000 
6,000 
6,000 

iV.OOO 

2.400 
36,000 

9,000 
19,000 

4,000 
25,00(1 
22,500 
20.000 
12,00 
11,000 

4,500 



25,000 
11,000 



$39,000. 

■'6,000. 
$35 000. 

lieiooo. 

$66,000. Third Mate John Pen- 
ny killed by whale June 28. 
1843. Bought from Ports- 
mouth. 

$15,000. 

$49,000. 

538,000. 

537,000. 

$15,000. 

'!14,000. 

Bousfht from Boston, 1842. 

543,000. Bot. Phila., 1842. 

529,000. Greenport. 



Bought 1843. 

^26,000. 
518.000. 

Sold 500 bbls. whale at Per- 
nambuco. 



Withdrawn 1847. 
Bought 1843. 



516,000. 

"36,000. 

543.000. 

?37,000. 

536,000. Sent home 400 whale 
and 11,432 lb. bone; with- 
drawn from service. 

';38,000. 

Lost near Rio Grande, Feby.. 
1845; vessel total loss; saved 
2,300 bbls. whale oil. 

RoTiffht from Boston 1842 
1132 000. 

$44,000. Bot. N. Y. 1843. 
■inj.OOO. Bot. N. Y. 1843. 
533,000. Bot. N. Y., 1843. 
^old for merchant service. 
Bot. N. Y. 1843. Sold '47 



$9,0 



00. 

000. 

000. 

00 0. 

000 Sid 400 oil Rio Janeiro. 

000. 

000. 

000. 

000. 

000. 

00. 



Boug-ht 1843. 



Bought 1843. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 



286 Tristan 300 1,500 



'^36.000. Greenport. 

''!21.000. Greenport. 

$21 000. Put into Auckland, 
May 29. 1846, badly damaged 
in a gale; condemned; cargo 
saved. 
13,0O0i$30.0O0. 



334 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTH AM FTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing- — Arrival 



Alciope 



Arabella 
Barbara 



Franklin 



Hamilton 
Hudson . 



Italy 

John Wells 
Levant . . . . 
Martha . . . 



Niantic 

Nimrod 
Noble . . 
Ontario 
Ohio . . . 
Oscar . . 



Panama 

Phenix 

Portland . . ^. 

Salem 

S. Richards . 
St. Lawrence 



Sabina 



Thos. Dickason 

Timor 

Tuscany 



Wiscasset 
Lucy Ann 



Neva . . 
Philip I 



Roanoke . . . 
Washington 
Gentleman . 

1845 

American . . 



Daniel Webster 

Eliz. Frith 

Gem 

Hamilton 

I-Iannibal 



Halsey . , 



Babcock 



Smith French 
Halsey 



Babcock . . 
Nickerson. 



Weld . . 

Hedges 



M. Havens 
Drake 



S. H. Slate 



Fowler 

Howes 

Greene 

Lowen 

Isaac Ludlow 



Crowell 
Briggs . 



Jared Wade 
David Hand . 

Dering 

Baker 



Vail 



Lowen . . 
Edwards 
White . . . 



Paine . 
Brown 



Case 
Case 



Baldwin 
Corwin . 
Payne . . 



Wm. Pierson 



Ann Mary Ann . . 



Cadmus . . 

Columbia 

Concordia 



I. Winters 



Smith 

S. B. Pierson 

Loper 



Curry 



John Bishop 

Worth . . 

• Babcock 

Canning. 



Post & Sherry. 



N. & G. Howell. 
Chas. T. Dering 



Huntting Cooper 



Chas. T. Dering 

L. D. Cook & H. Green. 



July 23-July 1, '47 



May 28-May 24, '47 
Aug. 30 

June 5-Apl. 6, '47 

July 22-June 8, '45 

July S-May 22, '47 



David G. Floyd 

Thos. Brown 

Tiffanv & Bennett 

L. D. Cook & H. Green. 



Oct. -May 25, 
July 30-June 7, 
Sep. 19-June 5. 
Sep. 18-Apl. 8. 



'47 
'46 
•47 
•47 



Chas. T. Derinf 



June 4-Feb. 1, ^47 



S. & B. Huntting & Co. . 

Post & Sherry 

Huntting Cooper 



NT. & G. Howell 

Cook & Green 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 
Mulford & Sleight 



Cook & Green . . 
Chas. T. Dering 



Aug. 31-July 26, 
Sep. 19-June 22, 
Aug. 29-June 9, 
May 28-Apl. 29, 
Oct. 31-Nov. 13, 



May 23-May 26, 
Oct. 10-June 5, 
June 1-June 5, 
Oct. 14-Apl. 29, 
May 2-July 28, 
July 29-May 20, 



•46 
'46 

•47 
'48 
'45 



•47 
'47 
•46 
•48 
47 
•48 



June 24-May 24, '47 



Mulford & Sleight. 
H. Cooper 



Aug. 12-Apl. 14, 
July 1-May 1, 



'47 
•46 



S. & B. Huntting & Co 
Wiggins, Parsons & Cook 



Ireland Wells & 
Carpenter . . . . 



Wiggins & Parsons. 
Ira B. Tuthill 



S. & B. Huntting & Co. . 



Mulford & Sleight 



Cook & Green 
Thos. Brown . 



Ezekiel Mulford 

Post & Sherry 

Huntting Cooper 

Chas. T. Dering 

S. & B. Huntting Co.. 



Sep. 27-Feb. 19, '47 
Nov. 7-May, '47 

Sep. 4 -May 1, '47 

May 13-Apl. 13. '46 

July-July 15, '45 
Aug. 31-June 4, ^46 
Junp 4-Sep. 25, ^45 



Sep. 25 



July 21-Apl. 29. ^48 



Sep. 2-May 12. 
July 11-June 5, 
Aug. 24-May 20, 

July 21-July 4, 
Oct. 30-May 20, 
Aug. 9-July 8, 
Sep. 5-Apl. 29, 
Oct. 16 



'47 
'48 
'47 

•48 
'48 
•47 
'48 



HISTORY OF THE TOfi'N Of SOUTHAMPTON 



335 



Class and ^yhalini? Ground S. Oil W. Oil Bone 
Tonnage 



Remarks 



Ship 



377 Incw Zealand ' 175 



367 

268 



391 



322 
368 



N. "W. Coast 
Crozettes . . 



N. W. Coast 



330 



2,650 
1,870 



Crozettes 
Pacific . . 



160 
100 



290 
1,830 



2S0iCrozettes 



273 
368 
297 
369 



iX. W. Coast 



New Zealand 
Crozettes . . . 



465 
314 

292 
470 



N. W. Coast 



160 

120 

40 



80 



940 
1,480 
2.260 
1,150 

700 



New Zealand ' 10 

N. Z. & N. W i 300 

454lNew Zealand „'0 

523 N. W. Coast 300 



416 



454 
289 



280 
309 

362 

293 

252 
336 
227 

284 

380 

307 

285 
365 

397 
355 
3?0 
322 
311 



60 



140 



Ind. & N. W. . 
N. W. Coast . . 
Indian & N. W. 
South Seas . . 
Crozettes .-. . . 



220 
25 



15,00c 
16 000 



160 1.640 3.000 



2,30(i 
4.00L 



299 N. W. Coast I 300 2,700 28,00(' 

366 " ' 60 2,340 20.000 

382 " 70 1.830 18,001 

369J " I 180 2.550 24,00( 

452INew Zealand 120 2,400 10 OOC 



7,000 
6,000 
10,00( 
5,000 
5,600 



125 



2.920 
1,800 
1,300 
1,400 
1,800 
4,500 


10,00i; 

8,001 

12,00( 

12.00( 

iV,666 


1,940 


18,00( 


3,800 
2,310 


10,000 
20,000 


3.700 
2.400 


34,000 
24,00 


2 380 


20.00 


1.700 


17.00( 


900 

1,675 

450 


7.20! 
15,00( 



142,000. Sent home 7.868 lb. 
bone; sold out of the busi- 
ness. 

Sent home $5,000 bone. Con- 
demned Valfjaraiso Jan., '46. 

$26,000. Sent home 11,888 lb. 
bone. 

$8,000. 

$25,000. Third Mate Isaac 
Piatt drowned Feby. 6, 1845. 
Sold to Mystic 1848. 

Added 1844 from New York. 

$25,000. Added '44, Newark. 

$27 000. Added 1844. 

$40,000. Added 1844 from 
Hudson; sold 1847. 

$32,000. Added 1844; sold to 
Warren, 18 47. 

$16,000. 

$20,000. Added 1844. 

$28,000. Withdrawn 1847. 

$12,000. Added '4 4, Boston. 

$9,000. Bought from New York 
1844; returned in consequence 
of a mutiny. 

$23,000. 

$20,000. 

$25,000. Added '44 from Newark. 

$26,000. Sold 1847. 

$65,000. Added 1844; sent home 

29,688 lb. bone. 
$25,000. Added '44 from N. Y. 

York; sold 1847. 
$44,000. Sold 1847. 

Wrecked at Island of St. Paul, 
Ind. Ocean. 1845. 

$51,000. Withdrawn 1847. 

$33,000. Added 1844 from Wil- 
mington. Greenport. 

$39,000. Added 1844 from New 
York. Greenport. 

$23,000. Bot. N. Y. 1843. 



$11,000. Greenport. 
$25,000. Greenport. 
$5,000. Added 1844 
York. Owned in 
I folk, N. Y. 



from New 
New Suf- 



N. W. 


Coast 






South 


Seas 




3.100 


N. W. 


Coast 


150 

200 

25 


1,850 

2.100 

700 


South 


Seas 


200 

100 

400 

55 


2,450 
2 000 
1 250 
1,300 



[Captain and three men lost by 
a whale running over their 
boat, June, 1846; condemned 
at St. Thomas Aug. 1848. 
10.000i?39,000. Sent home 21.381 lb. 
bone. 
8,000 
ll.OOi ISent home 7,000 lb. bone. 
8,000 j Returned home in consequence 
! of mutiny. 
15,000 $35,000. Sid for Cal. '48. 
10 OOoh25,000. 

12,00ol$41,000. Sent 90 sperm '45. 
12.000 $18,000. 

.... Condemned at Rio Janeiro 1849; 
sent home 2,000 whale, 9,360 
lb. bone. 



336 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



Henry . . . . 

Henry Lee 
Huron . . . . 



Illinois . 
Jefferson 
John Jay 



Konohassett 



Laurens 



Marcus . . . . 
Neptune . . . 
Ontario 2nd 



Brown 



B. C. Payne 

Woodruff. 



Jag-ger . . 
Smith . . . 
Harwood 



T. B. Worth 



A. Eldredse 



B. 



Oscar 

Plymouth .... 

Romulus 

Superior 

Tuscany 



Ryder . . 

Nichols 

R. Green . . . 



Green . . 

B. Edwards, 



Winters . . . . 

Mulford 

Goodale 



Washington .... 

Payard 1. 

Caroline 

Delta D 

Nile 



Sarah & Esther. 

Roanoke 

Triad 

Gentleman 



1846 



Ann 

Crescent . 
Citizen . . . 
Fanny . . . 
Josephine 



Sandford. 

W. Fordham . 

Halsey . . 

Weeks 

Case . . . . 



Bennett 
Baldwin 
Horton . 



A. G. Post 



John Wells 
Nimrod . . . 

Noble' 

Portland . . 



Romulus 



Curry . . . 
Westfall. 
Lansing . 
Edwards 
Hedges . . 



Smith French. 

.Jenning 

Howes 

Corwin 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



L'Hommedieu & Co. . .:Aug. 22-May 24. '47 



S. & B. Huntting & Co. 
Cook «fe Green 



John Budd 
T. Brown 



June 17-May 24, '47 
Sep. 15-May 8, '48 



July 4-July 27, 
July 15-May 2 4, 



'47 
'47 



N. & G. Howell 'June 13-Mch. 11. "49 



Huntting Cooper 



Tiffany & Halsey 



N. & G. Howell 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. 
Post & Sherry 



Huntting Cooper 



Dec. 9-May 9, '49 
Cook & Green Dec. 2-Apl. 30. '49 



Dec. 6 



Aug. 21-Jan. '48 



July 4-May 24. 
July 23-July 2. 
Aug. 13-Apl. 22. 



'47 
'49 
'48 



Ezekiel Mulford 
Post & Sherry. . 
John Budd 



Huntting Cooper July 7-May 

H. & N. Corwin Dec. 9-May 



Sep. 24-Aug. IS, 
July 9-June 6 
June 18-Apl. 26, 



Wiggins & Parsons. 

H. & N. Corwin 

Ireland. Wells & 
Carpenter 



Wiggins & Parsons. 
H. & N. Corwin. 



July 12-Julyi26 
Sep. 9-June 4, 
Oct. 15-June 7. 



'4(5 
'47 
'47 

'47 
•4f 
'41 
•48 

'48 



Oct. 15 

Sep. -May 21, '47 

_ _ June 22-Apl. 7. '48 

ira B. "Tuthill Nov. 13-May 10, '48 



Mulford & Howell lAug. 27-June 10, '50 

Post & Sherry July 28-June 4. '49 

Mulford & Sleight .Sep. 19-Feb. 1. '49 

N. & G. Howell lAug. 5-Mch. 10. '49 

Post & Sherry Oct. 15-Aug. 28, '49 



Thames 2nd 



Oartwright 



Tames Bishop 



Thos. Brown . . . 
Chas. T. Dering. 



S. & B. Huntting & Co. . 
Ezekiel Mulford 



Timor . , 
Wm. Tell . 
Philip 1st 



Washington 
1847 
Arabella . . , 



"Edwards 
Glover . . 
Case . , . . 



Corwin 



Ludlow 



Thos. Brown 



Huntting Cooper . . 

Thos. Brown 

Ireland. Wells & 

Carpenter 

Wiggins & Parsons 



Aug. 12-J.uly 20, '49 
Nov. 11-June 30, '48 
Aug. 24-June 10. '48 
Aug. 1-July 15. '48 

Sep. 29 



Sep. 3 



July 28-July 26, '49 

Oct. 7-June 21. '48 

July-May 27. '48 

Aug.-June 26, '48 



In. & G. Howell Aug. 10. -July 9. '49 



HISTUKY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 



337 



Class and 
Tonnagre 



Whalins Ground iS.Oil W.Oil Bom 



Bark 
Ship 



Bark 
Ship 



Bark 
Bark 
Shin 
Bark 



Ship 



Bark 
Ship 



333 



409 
292 



N. W. Coast 



413 

435 Indian & N. W. 



494 
426 



420 



N. W. Coast 



283 Indian & N. W. 
388!n. W. Coast . . . 
489iN. Z. & N. W. . 

369 N. W. Coast . . . 



425 



233 So. Atlantic 
275;N. W. Coast 
299 



3 40 
339 

252 
314 
403 



157 So. Atlantic . . . 
252 South Seas . . . 
336 N. W. Coast . .. 
227;s. A. & Indian. 



299 Coast of Chili. . 

340:n. Z. & N. W 

464 Pacific & N. W. 

391 Chili & N. W 

397iPaciflc 



366 V. W. Coast. . . 

280 Cro-^ettes 

273 S. A. & Indian. 
292, Chili & N. W. .. 



233 Japan 

414 Chili & N. W. 



280: 

370 Pacific 

293 X. W. Coast 



236 



130 
35 



200 
55 
60 



80 
'80 



180 
200 



70 
170 



100 
180 
300 



40 
44 
700 
80 
60 



•1,900 

2,800 
2,300 

2.,100 
2 600 
4.300 



1,400 

1,470 
2,700 
3,600 

2,800 

4,800 



1 125 
1.300 

1,400 
2,700 
950 
2.380 
2.400 



1,500 

1 700 

200 



2,300 
2,200 
2,900 
2,900 
2,400 



1''0 2.160 

250 600 

300 900 

40 1,650 



^a 1,650 

500 1,300 

30 1,270 



27.000 



20,000 
23,000 
13,000 



12,000 
17,000 
17,000 

30,000 

13.000 



9 00^. 
13,000 

13.00(1 
17,000 
9,000 
15,000 
14.000 



15 000 
5,000 
1,500 



7,0 00 
12.000 
18,000 
14.000 



Kemarka 



Sent 1,7610 Ib.s bone solid 

1847. 
$35,000. 
$29,U00. Sent home 18,839 lb. 

bone; withdrawn. 
$33,000. 



Sent home 33.060 lb. 



.{37,000. 
$65,000. 

bone. 
Bought from Boston 1845; 

wrecked at Pell's Island, May 

24, 1846. 
$17,000. Bought from Kenne- 

bunk 1845. 

Sold for California 1849. 
$50,000. Sent home 23.196 lb. 

bone. 
$40,000. Sold to Mattapoisett 

1849. 
Bought from Boston 1845; sent 

home 16.000 lb. bone. 
Capt. retd. sick 18 46. 
517,000. 
$23,000. Sent home 13.553 lb. 

bone. 
$25,000. 
$38,000. 
$13,000. 
^15,000. 
$32,000. 

1845. 



8,00(' 

5,oor 

8 000 
12,00( 



9.000 
12.000 
11.000 



Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Greenport. 
Bought from New York 
Second Mate F. Ack- 
ley died Jany., 1846. Green- 
port. 
Condemned in Brazil 1846. 
$24,000. Greenport. 
$21,000. Greenport. 
$11,000. New Suffolk, N. T. 



$38,000. 

$61,000. Sid. for Cal. 1849. 

$10,000. Sid. for Cal. 1849. 

$35,000. Sold to New Bedford 
1S49. Sent home 16.000 lb. 
bone. 

$32,000. Sid. New Bedford '49. 

$14,000. 

$20,000. 

$21 000. Withdrawn for Cali- 
fornia 1849. 

Wrecked and condemned at 
Honolulu, Dec. 1849. Sent 
home 26,765 lb. bone. 

About $27,000. Capt. Bishop 

came home sick 1848. Sold at 

San Francisco 1849 with 1,800 

bbls whale; sent home 14- 

ooo lb. bone. 



250 1,600 16,000 



Ship 



367'paciflc ' 50 2.000 10,500 Sold to New Bedford 1849. 



$25,000. 
$16,000. 



Greenport. 



$27,000. Greenport. 



338 



HISTORY OF THE TOPVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Cadmus 



Concordia 
Franklin . 



Gem 



Illinois . 
Jefferson 
Levaint . . 
Marcus . 
Ontario . 
Panama . 



Phenix , 
Superior 



Tuscany 



Caroline 



Lucy Ann 



Neva 



Roanoke 
Italy . . . 



1848 



Columbia . 
Eliz. Frith 



Henry 
Nimrod 



Noble 



Ontario 2nd 
Washins-ton 
Wm. Tell . . 

Delta 

Nile 

Philip 1st . . 

Washing-ton 



Gentlemafn 



Captain 



Harlow. 



Smith 



Hedges . . 

Mercator Cooper. 



Worth . 



Jaggar . 
Smith . . 
Lowen . 
Babcock 
Brown . 
Hal lock 



Green 
Royce 



S. W. Edwards. 



Babcock 



Brown 



Case 



Baldwin 
Weld . . . 



Sweeney. 

lonas Winters . 



— Lowen 



— Huntting- 

— Glover . . 



Paine 

Drake 

L M. Taber . 
D. Weeks . . . 



Woodruff. 



Managing- Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



John Budd Oct. 14-Aug. 22, '49 



Mulford & Sleight Sep. 30-June 24. '49 



Thos. Brown July 13-July 9, '49 

Huntting Cooper July 21 



Oct. 9 



John Budd lOct. 29-Mch. 31. '50 



July 29-May 28. '50 
Oct. 13-Mch. 26, '51 



Thos. Brown 

Tiffany & Halsey. .. 

N. & G. Howell July 21 

S. & B. Huntting & Co. . .Oct. 11-Feb. 5, '50 

N. & G. Howell Sep. 15-Mch. 25. '50 

Cook & Green lOct. 22-May 31, '49 

Post & Sherry iJuly 14-May 5. '49 

I 
John Budd jAug. 12-Apl. 28. '51 



Ireland, Wells & 
Carpenter .... 



jDec. 4-June 4, '50 
Wiggins. Parsons & Cook Aug. 21-July 8, '49 

Ireland, Wells & Aug. 17-May 3. '51 

Carpenter 

Wiggins & Parsons Aug. 25-July 12, '49 

David G. Floyd Aug. 17-Apl. 7. '49 



John Budd Oct. 12-May 17. 

Post & Sherry July i3-May 13. 



HunttinE 
Chas. T. 



Cooper July 10-Sep. 30, 

Dering Sep. 5-Sep. 2, 



'51 

'50 



»F0 
'50 



Sep 12-May 13, '50 

Post & Sherry iAug. 7-Apl. 30, '50 

Huntting Cooper June 3. -May 3. '50 

T.hos. Brown Sep. 1-Mch. 30, '51 

Ireland. Wells & ' Oct.-June 3. '51 

Carpenter i Sep.-Mch. 22, '51 

Sep. 1-Mch. 27, '51 



Wiggins & Parsons 



Sep.-May 12, '51 



Ira B. Tuthill Aug. 8-Nov. 12, '49 



HISTUKY OF THE TOlVN OF SUUTHAMFTON 



339 



Class and 
Tonnage 




286 Indian Ocean 



SOTjIndian Ocean 



265 
391 



326 



So. Atlantic 
N. W. Coast 



413 

435 

382 

283 So. Atlantic . 

368 >J- W. Coast . 

465 

314! 

275: 5o. Atlantic . 

299 Indian Ocean 



252 



309 -V. W. Coast 



362 



252 
299 



285 N. W. Coast 
355S 



333 

280 So. 



27J 



Atlnatic 



489 V. W. Coast 
340 Chili & N. W. 
370 .V. W. Coast . 

314 

4 03 N. W. Coast . 
293 



230 



155 



SO 
350 



60 



80 

50 

500 

120 



250 

200 



95 



190 
120 



525 4,00c 



1.720 
600 



2,800 
3,200 
3,500 

3,000 

3,800 

2,400 
1,700 

2,788 

800 

2,280 



350 
2,400 



2 237 
2,700 



210 
1,050 



227 



110 
17 

300 



9,00c 
5,00c 



14,000 
9,000 
8.000 



10,000 
30,00( 
20 000 



17,40C 

6,000 

22,00c 



J8 2,783 25,70C 



3,000 
30,00C 



14,50C 
35,00c 



3,000f 
3,00c 



40 1,245 6,00c 



30 
60 

SO 
267 



2,700 


30.00^ 


2,0f0 


20.00f. 


2,720 


25,00r 


1,33 4 


5 800 


3.000 




2,200 


22,00c 


1.636 


22,000 



Remarks 



300 2,500 



$7,500. Withdrawn 1850. Re- 
turned in consequence of the 
illness of Capt. Harlow; sec- 
ond mate killed by a whale 
Dec. 1847. 

Sent home 4,000 lb. bone. Con- 
demned at San Francisco 
1850. 

Sent home 39 sperm. 

Lost on coast of Brazil .Tune 7, 
1850; had 3,300 whale; saved 
about 2,300; sent home 60 
sperm. 

Totally lost with her cargo 
near Suwarrow Island Dec, 
1848; had 170 sperm, 2,800 
whale, 27,000 bone. 

Sent home 13 562 lb. bone; sold 
to New Bedford 1850. 

$56,000. Sent home 25,193 lb. 
bone. 

$58,000. Sent home 7.500 lb. 
bone. 

Condemned at Honolulu Nov., 
1850. 

$48,000. Sold to New Bedford 
1850. 

Withdrawn 1850; condemned at 
Valparaiso 1851. 

$36,000. Sold to Boston 1849. 

$26,000. Sent home 22.936 lb. 
bone. 

$45,000. Sent home 96 sperm, 
21,750 lb. bone; Capt. Ed- 
wards died Oct. 29, 1S49. 

$32,000. Geo. Babcock, first 
mate, died Sep. 18. 1849. 
Greenport. 

$35,000. Sent home 20.290 lb. 
bone; sailed 1849 and was 
condemned at Rio Janeiro 
1S50. Greenport. 

$50 000. Sent home 32 sperm, 

12,000 lb. bone. Greenport. 

$12,000. Greenport. 

Sent home 53 sperm. Greenport. 



$60,000. Sent home 160 sperm; 

withdrawn 1850. 
Sold for California 1850. 
$36,000. Sent home 100 sperm, 

5.000 lb. bone. 
$23,000. Sent home 5.000 lb. 

bone. 
$47,000. 
.38,000. 
$50,000. 
$31,000. 
$48,000. 
$42,000. 

bone. 
$27,000. 

bone. 

1S51. 
$13,000. 



folk. N. y. 



Greenport. 

Greenport. 

Sent home 22 656 lb. 
Greenport. 

Sent home 

Sold to Sa 
Greenport. 

Owned in New 



3.000 lb. 
: Harbor 



Suf- 



340 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Nam« of Vessel 

1849 

Concordia 

Timor 

Bayard 

Italy 

1850 
Ann 



Captain 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Charlotte 
Jefferson 



Odd Fellow 
Ontario 2nd 



French .... [Thos. Brown . . . 

Baker jHuntting Cooper 

Graham . 



Weld 



Ireland, Wells & 

Carpenter 

David G. Floyd . . 



I.J. Steen iThos. Brown 



.lonas Winters . 
.James Huntting 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



Oct. 12-June 4, '54 

Oct. 12-Oct. 11, '52 

Aug. 21-Apl. 20, '53 

Aug.-May 14. '51 

Oct. 9-Apl. 7. '53 

July 25-May 28, '52 
Nov. 17-Mch. 24. '53 



Hedges . 

Geo. R. Brown . 



. !Wm. R. Post 

. |Thos. Brown 

. Iw. R. Post I July 26-June 2, '52 

. ItIios. Brown Sep. 4 



Washington 
Caroline . . . 



Pioneer , 
Roanoke 



Gentleman . 
1851 
Black Eagle 



Columbia 
Emerald 



Levant 

Mary Gardner 



Nimrod 

Noble 

Tuscany . . . . 
Washington . 
William Tell 
Delta 



Italy 
Neva 
Nile 



Pioneer . . 
Philip 1st 



1852 



Charlotte . 
Gentleman 



Rose Huntting Cooper 

Hedges Babcock. .. Ireland, Wells & 
Carpenter 



Weeks 
Hand . 



Cartwrlght. 



Jeremiah Ludlow. 



Hallock 
Jagger . 



David G. Floyd . . 
Parsons & Brown 



Ira B. Tuthill 



Thos. Brown 
John Budd . . 



Sep. 4 

Aug. 7-July 9, '52 

Jan. 19-Sep. 9, '51 
June 4-Apl. 5. '53 

June-May 20, '52 



July 24-Apl. 5. '54 

Aug. 2.-Apl. 27, '55 
Aug. 19-May 12. '55 



Mercator Cooper. 
David Smith 



Green . . . . , 
Nicholl . . . 
Halsey . . . 
T'd wards . 
Taber .... 
Weeks . . . 



Huntting Cooper . 
Gilbert H. Cooper. 
Chas. T. Dering.. 



Aug. 7 

July 24-Oct. 7. '52 

July 7-Aug. 10. '53 

June 5-Aug. 6, '53 

John Budd Oct. 1-Apl. 22. '54 

Thos. Brown Oct. 14-May 28, '53 

Sep. 20-Apl. 22. '54 
Ireland, Wells & lAug. 1 

Carnenter 



Rowley ...JDavid G. Floyd.. 

Case I Ireland. Wells & 

, Carpenter 

Conklin ... " 



Baldwin 
Sisson . 



ID. G. Floyd 

I Ireland Wells & 
Carpenter . . . . 



Aug. 2-May 10. '54 
Oct. 1-June 12, '54 
Sep. 1-Apl. 19. '55 



Oct. 31-May 15, '55 
July 14-Apl. 6, '54 



Halsey . . ..William R. Post | July 21-June 21, '54 

Cartwright.jGilbert H. Cooper I Aug. 30-Apl. 24.'56 



Mary Gardner 



Lowen 



Nov. 27-May 15. »56 



HISTORY Of THE TOfTN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



341 



Class and ^yhalin:? Ground 'S.Oil W.Oil Bom 
Tonnase ! i 



lieniarks 



Bark 



Ship 



Bark 

Brig 

Ship 

Bark 

Ship 



Bark 



Bark 
Ship 



Bark 

Ship 
Bark 
Ship 
Bark 



Ship 



Bark 



Bris: 
Bark 



265 
280 
339 



So. Atlantic 
No. Pacific . 
Pacific 



299iN. W. Coast 



299 .Vo. Pacific 



230 
435 
239 



So. Pacific . 

.\rctic 

So. Atlantic 



4 89 Xo. Pacific 



So. Atlantic 



340 
252 



235 
252 



22' 



311 



285 
518 



382 

316 

280 
273 
29f 
236 
370 
314 

299 
362 
403 



235 So. Atlantic 
293 Arctic 



Arctic .... 
Xo. Pacific 



3o. Atlantic 

No. Pacific . 
Arctic 



230 



316 



So. Atlantic 
No. Pacific . 



691 

125 1.475 15,00( 

... 1,604 20,80( 

2.577 38,100 



32 



307 



739 7.50f: 



24 2 872 



401 



920 
290 



320 



75 
60 



39,00( 
1,900 



Sent home 50 sperm. 577 whale. 

5.350 lb. bone. 
Sent home 90 sperm, 11,994 lb. 

bone. 
$50,000. Sent home 450 whale. 

20,719 lb. bone. 
Added 1848. 



$19,000. Sent home 150 whale; 

bought in 1850 by T. Brown 

and bark rigged. 
Added 1850. Sent home 316 

sperm. 
$82,000. Sent home 600 whale. 

18.000 lb. bone. 
\dded 1850. 

Capt. Brown killed while "cut- 
ting- in," 1853. Sent home 230 

whale. 
Lost on Pitt's Island 1851; sent 

home 10.000 lb. bone. 
$35,000. Greenporl. 
550 Added 1849. Greenport. 



224 1.080 7.500 
1.385 10.500 



718 



. .. 1.409 

55 2.471 



14,00f 
14,300 



25 



300 



600 
291 



290 
600 
. . . 1,600 
129 1,787 
... 1,341 



1.200 

3 500 

12.00 

21 400 



25 2.600 
46 2.351 
16 2.305 



250 



134 
39 



rjo 

2.231 



20 4 
134 



1.207 



12,000 
13,500 
14.50C 

3.5O0 



$33,000. Sent home 40 sperm, 
100 whale. Greenport. 

Owned in New Suffolk. N. Y. 
Sold to Sag Harbor, 1852. 



Built 1851. Sent home 85 

whale. 20.098 lb. bone. 
Sent home 7,885 lb. bone. 
Added 1851; built 1835; was a 

Havre packet 15 years; sent 

home 35,720 lb. bone. 
Sent home 12.560 lb. bone. Lost 

1855. 
Bit. 1851. Capt. died Aug., 1852. 

Ship returned. 
$33,000. Sent home 40 sperm. 
$23,000. 
$46,000. 
$43,000. 
$2S,000. 
ISent home 585 whale. 20.218 lb. 

bone. Sold to New London 

1856. Greenport. 
Sent home 12,600 lb. bone. 

Greenport. 
$65,000. Sent home 365 whale. 

18.750 bone. Greenport. 
$83,000. Sent home 300 sperm 

and 29.592 lb. bone. Broken 

up 1857. Greenport. 
Greenport. 
$48,000. Greenport. 



Sent home 920 whale. 
Bot Greenport '51. 



Capt. Halsev left iti 185.S .sick. 

3.000 $10,000. Added 1852 from New 

Suffolk; withdrawn 1K56. 

I Sent home 7.000 lb. bone. 

18.60( ISent home 247 whale. 12.740 lb. 

bone. 



342 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



Odd Fellow . 
Caroline . . . . 
Pioneer 

1853 

Ann 

Jefferson . . . . 

Noble 

Nimrod 

Parana 

Timor 

Washington . 

Bayard 

Oregon 

1854 

Odd Fellow . 
Black Eagle 

Montauk . . . . 

Parana 

Tuscany . . . . 
William Tell 
Caroline . . . . 
Italy 

Nevai 

Oregon 

Philip 1st . . . 



Roanoke , . 

1855 

Ann 

Concordia . 
Emerald . . 

Noble 

Washington 

Kanawha . 



Young 

J. M. Case . . . . 
H. A. Babcock 



Hedges . 

Hunttinj 

Nicoll , . 

G-reen . . 

Edw. Smith . . . 

Rogers . 



Brown . 
Graham . 



Tery 



Gooda^e . 
Edwards, 



Smith French. 



Smith 

■ White 

Smith 

J. M. Case . . . 

Weld . 



Hand . . . 

Babcock. 

Slsson 



Wade 



Hamilton 

McCorkle 
Hal lock . 

Jennings 

Babcock . 

Terry . . . 



Thos. Brown 

Wells & Carpenter 
D. G. Floyd 



Thos. Brown . . . 
Chas. T. Dering 



Thos. Brown . . . . 
Huntting Cooper 



Wells & Carpenter 



Aug. 2-Mch. 16. '54 
Aug. 19-Aug. 5, '54 
Oct. 15-Sep. 3, '52 



July 15-July 1, '55 
Oct. 26-Mch. 19. '57 
.\ov. 15-Sep. 2. '55 
Nov. 26-Nov. 3, '55 
June 16-June 15, '54 
June 7-May 24, '56 



Thos. Brown 
Thos. Brown 



John Budd 



Thos. Brown 

John Budd 

Thos. Brown 

Wells & Carpenter. 
David G. Floyd 



Sep. 2-May 23, »55 
Aug. 11 

June 2-Aup'. 19, '54 



July-May 29. 'b6 
Nov. 4-Aug. 16, '58 



Sep. 5-June 26. '59 



Aug. 12-Mch. 24, '56 
Sep. 20 

Aug. 24-May 6. '67 
Dec. 6-Apl. 19, '5/ 
Sep. 26 



'Aug. 30-Mch. 18, '57 
Nov. 1-July 15, '56 
July 17-Apl. 24 '58 



Oct. 10-Mch. 18, '57 



Thos. Brown Dec. 7 

Oct. 25-Oct. 10, '58 
John Budd |Oct. 26-May 9, '59 

Gilbert H. Cooper Nov. 9-July 9. '57 

Thos. Brown Aug. 5-Dec. 4, '58 

Wells & Carpenter. ..... iNov. 6-May 27. '57 



Wells & Carpenter. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



343 



Class 


and 


Whalins: Ground 


S.Oil 


W.OiL 


Bone 


Remark.^ 


Tonnas'e 












Bark 


239 


So. Atlantic 


137 


1,190 


9.200 




Ship 


2b2 


'♦ 


700 


300 




Grenport. 


Bris 


23r. 




150 






Sold to New Bedford 1855. 
Greenport. 


Bark 


29n 


So. Atlantic 


193 


105 




514.000. 


Ship 


435 
273 


\'o. Paciflc 




3 400 
703 


V.doo 


583,000. Sent 1.647 lb. bone. 


Bark 


.5o. Atlantic 


'2J6 


p30.0U0. 




2S0 


" 


22 


840 


4.200 


i>17,000. Sold 1855. 


Brisr 


209 


" 


29 


662 


1,200 


Bought 1853. $28,000. 


Ship 


280 


N'o. Paciflc 


324 


1,541 


9,600 


Sent home 50 sperm. 800 whale, 
10.222 lb. bone. 




340 






519 


11.50f 


Sent home 5 371 lb. bone; with- 
drawn 1855. 
Sent home 155 sperm, 608 


" 


339 


Arctic 








whale. 9.200 lb. bone. $25,000. 
Greenport. 


Bark 


22J 


3o. Atlantic 


302 


276 


1.300 


Added 1853 built at Hallowell. 
Me.. 1848. Sailed Capt. Bab- 
cock, who came home sick. 
185 3. Greenport. 


Bark 


239 


>o. Atlantic 


222 


796 


900 




Bark 


311 


Vrctic 








Built 1851. Sent home 75 sperm. 








872 whale, 1,360 lb. bone. Sold 














to New Bedford. 1859. 


Ship 


512 


Vo. Pacific 




630 




$39,000. Sold to Boston. 1860; 








sent home 70 sperm, 700 














whale. 11.604 lb. bone. 


Bris: 


209 


Patagonia 


79 


359 


100 


515.000. 


Ship 


299 
370 


Vrctic 




i',466 


14,666 


Withdrawn 1855. 




'\o. Pacific 


"iso 


$85,000. Sent home 1,490 


Bark 


252 


^0. Atlantic 


104 


318 


2 500 




Ship 


299 


Arctic 








Sent home 135 sperm, 3,072 








whale, 23,800 lb. bone; con- 














demned at Honolulu Jany., 














1857; fitted from Honolulu; 














condemned again Dec. 1858. 














Greenport. 


" 


362 

224 


\o. Paciflc 




2,505 
100 


1,900 


Withdrawn 1859. Grenport. 


Bark 


So. Atlantic 


'525 


Greenport. 




293 


-Vo. Pacific 




1.225 




$62,000. Brilth at Rochester, 








Mass.. 1825; new topped 1853; 














picked up a dismasted .Jap- 














anese junk with 27 people on 














board; carried hr into Loo 












Clioo; sold to New London 












1858; sent home 1 453 whale, 












21.337 lb. bone. Greenport. 




252 


So. Atlantic 


488 


351 




?27.000. 


„ 


299 


Indian Ocean 








Sent home 280 sperm, 720 






whale. 6.000 lb. bone;' con- 














demned at St. Helena Feb. 














25, 1858. $34,000. 


" 


265 


So. Atlantic 


38 


1,030 


6,40C 




Ship 


518 


-Vo. Paciflc 




570 




Sent home 112 sperm, 412 
whale. 8 100 bone. 


Bark 


273 


So. Atlantic 


950 


250 


1,200!$42,000. ■ One of "Stone fleet." 
! Xo. 2 sunk 1862. 


** 


236 




279 


780 


l,O00i$43 000. Sent home 160 sperm. 














466 whale 13,000 bone. 




269 


Atlantic & Ind. . . . 


35 


890 


90C 


$16 000. Bought from New York 
1855; built 1847; sold 1860. 
Greenport's last whaler. 



344 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Naime of Vessel 



Prudent 



Captain 



Hamilton 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



David G. Floyd Dec. 29-May 18. '59 



1856 



Columbia . . . . 
Mary Gardner 

Nimrod 

Odd Fellow . . 

Parana 

Susan 

S. S. Learned. 



Timor 



White. . 
Nicoll . . 
Green . , 
Goodale 
Royce . . 



Edwin Smith 
.1. M. Taber 



White 



John Budd 
W. & H. G. 



Cooper. 



Thos. Brown 



J. E. & E. Smith. 
H. & S. French . . 



Apl. 25-May 31, 
July 17-Maj1 31, 
June 9-Sep. 17, 
Aug. 13-July 6, 
June 9-Sep. 8, 
July 28-June 1, 
June 24-Apl. 8, 



'58 
•59 

'58 
'58 
'57 
'57 
'58 



Huntting Cooper Aug. 13-May 4, '59 



W. F. Safford . . 
Oregon 



1857 



Royce } Thos. Brown I May 5 

Case j Wells & Carpenter jSep. 4-May 7, '59 



Augusta jjames M. Tabor. . . jW. & G. H. Cooper jJuly 24-Jan. 19. '61 



Excel . . . 

Jefferson 



Noble . 
Parana 



Susan 
Union 



Winters ... Wade «& Brown. 
Huntting . . " 



Jennings 
Royce . . . 



Smith 



W. & G. H. Cooper 
Wade & Brown . . . . 



J. E. & E. Smith. 



Jeremiah Hedges. . j Wade & Brown. 
William Tell I James Austin " 



jJuly 27-May 28. '59 
Sep. 9-Apl. 15, '61 



Nov. 3-June 26, '59 

Nov. 2-Sep. 20, '59 

Dec. 12-Feb. 25, '60 

Sep. 9-May 8, '61 

|Sep.9 



Caroline 



Pontus 



! Wells & Carpenter July 15 



Kanawha ■,..... .-Hedges Baboock. . .1 i Aug.-Epring, '60 



Roanoke . . . 

1858 

Nimrod 



Odd Fellow . . . 
S. S. Learned 



1859 



Columbia . . . . 
Concordia . . . . 

Excel 

Mary Gardner 



Wade j Wells & Carpenter June 12-Feb. 25, '60 



Green W. & G. H. Cooper . 



Rose Wade & Brown 

Goodbee . , . H. & S. French. 



McCorkle. 
Hamilton . 
Loper .... 
Jennings . 



I John Budd 

Wade & Brown . . 

'W. & G. H. Cooper 



Dec. 1 

Sep. 29-Mch. 6. '61 
June 7-Nov. 21, '58 



Aug. 1-Apl. 16, '62 

May 23-Mav 8, '62 

July 1-May 26. '61 

Oct. 31-June 20. '61 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



345 



Class and 
Tonnafre 



Whalins Ground ;S.Oil W.Oil Bone 



298 Atlantic 



128 2,000 11.000 



Remarks 



$65,000. Second mate killed by 
natives of Kaster Island, 
1S56; added 1S55 from Ston- 
ins-ton; sold 1859; sent home 
742 whale, 6,700 bone. Green- 
port. 



Bark 



Brig- 

Sch'r 



Ship 



Brig- 
Bris 



Ship 

Bark 
Brii,- 

Scli'r 

Bark 

Ship 

Bark 



osf; 


Pacific 


1 1-13 
! 510 


960 

51 


5,700 


316 


Atlantic & Ind. . . 




280 S. A. & Indian 


316 


162 


1,0011 


239 


So. Atlantic 


253 


211 


600 


209 Straits of Lutka . 




45fl 


4,900 


13 4 


Falk. Islands . . . 


375 






116;Strs. Belleisle . . . 




30 


100 


!^S0 


Pacific 




400 


4,000 



174 Spitzberg-en 
224 Atlantic . . . 



3*J0 Pacific 



257 



30 



375 So. Atlantic 
435 No. Pacific . 



273 S. A. & Indian. 
209 Str. of Lutka. . , 



13 J Falklands . . 
300 So. Atlantic 

370 iNo. Pacific . 

252 No. Pac. . . . 

2691 



159 



5S2 
60 



65 



537 



285 



252 Indian & Pac. 



185 



1,000 



375 



Bark 


280. Atl. & Indian . .. 


. 316 


162 


Sch'r 


239 

116 No. Atlantic 


1 350 

. .1 12 


600 
291 


Bark 


285 So. Atlantic .... 
265 Atlantic . . 


. . 712 
109 


131 

9:^8 


.. 


375 Coast of Pata . . 
316 Atlantic 


.! 6S 
. ' 815 


9 10 
459 



250 



591 



286 



1,420 



720 5,00 



Sent home 100 sperm. 
Sent home 320 sperm. 
$15,000. Condm'd Sydney ab. '60. 

$28,000. Sent home 380 sperm. 

$15,000. Bought from Harwich 

$1,000. Added 1856; chartered 
by United States .government 
for lighthouse service 1857. 

Sent home 142 sperm. 628 
whale, 8.022 bone; one of 
"stone fleet'' No. 1, 

Added '56. Withdrawn '60. 
Sold to Fairhaven for West In- 
dia trade 1859. Owned in 



4,00' 



460 3,00( 



70(i|Formerly a brig packet between 
j Sa\annah and New York; 
j added and altered 1857; sent 
ihome 282 whale. 1,011 bone; 
I sold to Greenport 1861. 
lO.OOOjFormerly brig-; added and al- 
' tered 1857. 
Sent home 79 sperm, 1.361 

whale, 12.922 beno; broken up 

1861. 
$35,000. 
$28,000. Sent home 200 whale, 

600 bone. 
$15,000. Sent home 300 whale, 

3,100 bone. 
Bought from New York 1857; 

built 18 '9; sent home 44 

snerm, 629 whale 3,900 bone. 
Sent home 126 whale, 1.800 

bone. $4,000. Lost on East 

Cape July 14, 1859. 
Sent home 600 whale, 5.890 

bone; condemned at ITonolulu 

Sep. 11, 1859. Greennort. 
Capt. Babcock, owing to iPness 

resigned command to IMate 

Fdw. P'alsey. Greennort. 
$1'000 Sold to Boston 1860. 

Greenport. 



1.000 Condemned at Sydney Nov. 25. 
1860; oil sold. $15,000. 



Returned 1858. 



Sent 930 bone. Sold N. Y. '62. 

1.000 Sent home 2,400 bone. 

3,500 

3,000 Was chased two hours off Ber- 
muda by rebel privateer on 
passag:e home. Added 1859. 



340 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Myra 

Noble 

S. S. Learned 



Susan 

Washington 



1860 



Parana 



Susan 



1861 



Excel 



John A. Robb 

Myra •. 

Odd Fellow . . 

Union 

Susan 



1863 
John A. Robb. 



Myra 



1864 



Balaena 



Concordia 
Ocean . . . 
Pacific . . . 



Union 

1865 
Odd Fellow 



Pacific 



1866 



Concordia ^. . . 
John A. Robb 

Myra 

Ocean 



Captain 



Havens . . . 
Fowler ... 
Eldridge . , 



King- 

Babcock . . 



Green 



King 



Rose 



A. J. Jennings , 
Jacob Havens , 
Weld ... 

Ludlow 

King . . . 



Greene 



Babcock 



Jennings 



— Rogers 



Davis C. Osborn . 

( Pierson 

1 Hunttin^ 



Hedges 



Weld 



Fi-ench 



Skinner 
Green . . 
Babcock 
Weed . . 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



W. & G. H. Cooper 
H. & S. French 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



June 20-Oct. 16, '60 
Sep. 1-Aug. 19, '61 
Apl. 20 

May 23 
Wade & Brown May 2-May 6. '62 



H. & S. French May 16-July 2. '62 



May 7-Aug. 7, '61 



O. R. Wade July 22 



H. & S. French 

W. & G. H. Cooper. . 

Wade & Brown 

O. R. Wade 'Nov. 15-June 4, '64 

H. & S. French Oct. 14-July 13. '63 



Oct. 15-Apl. 27, '63 
June 14-Apl. 20. '63 
Aug. 23-Mch. 13, '64 



H. & S. French Aug. 3-Apl. 8, '66 



(Oct. 5-Apl. 18, '66 



H. & S. French I May 20-May 25. '67 



O. R. Wade June 3-Oct. 7. '65 

Davis C. Osborn May 29-Apl. 16, 66 

H. & S. French {July 26-Nov. 11, '64 

'Nov. 28 

O. R. Wade Aug. 22-Aug. 10. '67 



O. R. Wade July 7-June 13, '68 



H. & S. French Aug. 14 



O. R. Wade May 11-Sep. 13, '67 

H. & S. French July 2 4 

May 28-Dec. 30. '67 
" Aug. 9 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 



347 



Class and 
Tonnage 



Whalins- Ground S.Oil W.Oil 



Brisr 
Bark 

Ship 



Bri£ 



Sch'r 



Bark 



Brisr 
Bark 
Bark 
Brig- 



150 So. Atlantic 

273 
116 



220 
468 



Schr 13 1 Mlantlc .... 

Bark 236 oo. Atlantic 552 



209 .Atlantic 



134 



375 Atl. & India 



273 
150 
239 
300 
134 



Atlantic . . . . 
So. Atlantic . 
Atl. & Indian 
Atl. & Indian 
Atlantic . . . . 



110 



341 



400 
210 

555 
558 
150 



51 



176 



335 
170 
150 



Bor 



Remarks 



500 



605 4.00O 



.Added 1859. 
$19,000. 

Sent home 60 sperm; con- 
demned St. Catherine's '63. 



700 3,00( 



2.60( 
1,10( 



Sold in New York 1862. $38,000. 



$30,000. Sent home 295 sperm, 
200 whale, 1,800 bone; altered 
to a bark 1862. 

Another account says: "Sold 
100 whale; returned with 341 
sperm and 300 humpback, 
worth in all $20,000. 



Sent home 147 sperm; con- 
demned 1863. 
$4,000. Bot. Fairhaven "61. 
Added 1861. 



$12,000 (probably sent some oil 
home). Sid. N. Y. '63. 



Bark 



Brisr 



Bark 



Bark 



Bark 



Hri!? 
Bark 



273 So. Atlantic | 210 165 2.50f 



150| " 
301 Atlantic 



350 



314 
300 



Hudson's Bay .... .... 

Pacific 185 

So. Atlantic 1 20 

Atlantic .... 



So. Atlantic 



500 



239 Atlantic 315 



314 Pacific 



217 Hudson's Bay 
244, So. Atlantic . . 

1161 Atlantic 

239 So. Atlantic . . 



310 1,50C 



70 
30 



300 



$52,000. Shipped 230 sperm, 
470 whale to Liverpool from 
Port Stanley; sent home 3,100 
bone. 

Sent home 70 sperm. 192 
whale. 



1,400|$58 000. Bought from New Bed- 
ford 1863. Sent home 122 
I sperm, 183 whale, and 3,600 
bone. 



90 



440 7.300 



$14,000. Bot. Sandwich '64. 
Bought from New Bedford 
1S64. Capt. Pierson died at 

Pernambuco Oct., 1864. 

Sent home 275 sperm; with- 
drawn for freighting 1868. 



James M. Ward, first mate, 
died at Fayal Sept. 1, 1867; 
sent home 70 sperm, 457 
whale. 2.700 bone. Sold to 
New London 1869. 

Lost at Behring's Island July 
30, 1866; third male and five 
men arived at Hakodadi after 
being two months in an open 
boat. 

Sold at St. Helena March, 1868. 
Sent home 80 sperm. Lost '67. 
Lost 1867. 



348 



HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



Name of Vessel 



Captain | 



Managing Owner 
or Agent 



Date 
Sailing — Arrival 



1867 



Balaena 



Jennings. . .|H. & S. French Oct. 13-Oct. 21, '70 



Highland Mary ... Smith French 



July 3 



1868 
Concordia . . 
Myra 

1871 
Myra 



Dunbar O. R. Wade Apl. 20-Oct. 7. '69 

Babcock . . . IH. & S. French | Aug. 24-Apl. 25., '71 

I 
t 
Babcock . . . H. & S. French July 17 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 



349 



Class and -^yhalini^ Ground S.Oil W.Oil Bonei 
Tonnase I 



Remarks 



Bark 215 Indian Ocean 



209 Atlantic 



50 



Bark 
Brig- 



Bri^ 



217jCum. Inlet 
116 Pacific 



116 Atlantic . 



116 
235 



200 
310 



2,930 



Joseph Menday third mate, and 
three men drowned at Tris- 
tand acunha, Nov.. 1868; sent 
home 550 sperm; sold to New 
Bedford 1871. 

$24,000. Formerly named Mi- 
chael, under Portuguese flag; 
then Parana, sailing from Sag 
Harbor; then was an English 
brig; added again to Sag Har- 
bor 1866; crew except second 
and third mate and one hoat- 
steerer, deserted at St. Cath- 
erine's 1868; condemned at 
Panama; re-fltted and named 
Sallie French 1868; sent hone 
180 sperm, 400 whale. 2,200 
lb. bone. 

Sent home 121 sperm; sold to 

New London 1870. 
Sent home 325 sperm. 339 

whale. 



Sent home 430 sperm. 500 whale 
700 lb. bone; condemned at 
Barbadoes, Dec. 14. 187 4. Sag 
Harbor's last whaler. 



350 HISTORY OF THE TOtVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

WHALES SEEN OFF THE COAST IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD 
OF SOUTHAMPTON 1669-1912. 

(The following are merely references as I have happened to 
find them and the table makes no pretences to being complete.) 
1669. before April 12 or 13 East end of Long Island (2 at West 

end at Governor's Island) 
17il 20 4 Montauk, 8 Southampton, 2 Moriches 3 Brook- 

haven, 2 Islip, 1 ? all small. 
1721 Feb. 24 "they talk of 40. whales being taken on Long 
Island" 

"But 4 whales killed on L. I. this year." 

on the East End, 

Off Amagansett. 

Right whales killed at one time. 

'A whale was seen in Gardiner's Bay today." 

"A whale was killed off Amagansett day before 
yesterday." 

"Killed a whale off Arnagansett yesterday." 
1 "Killed a whale off Wainscott today." 

Killed a whale today — East Hampton? 

1 at Bridgehampton & 1 at Southampton. 

Off Amagansett. 

Right whale killed off Southampton. 

School — Gardiner's Bay. 

Killed off Bridgehampton. 

Off Southampton. 1 killed. 

Several. R'ght and humpbacked. 
1 Gardiner's Bay. 

"Quite a number." Amagansett and Wainscott. 

Several. Amagansett, East Hampton, Montauk. 

Off Southampton — 1 killed — small. 

Cow and calf. Amagansett — Killed. 

Came ashore dead off Shinnecock Pt., 84 ft. long 
& long dead. 

Off Amagansett. 

Chased off Southampton. 

"lately caught" at Southampton. 

Off Wainscot. 

Cow and calf off Bridgehampton. 

large Right Whale off Southampton. 

Seen off Amagansett. 

in past few weeks: 2 Amagansett, (one 63 ft.) 



1722 


Mar. 12 




1741 


Feb. 8 


6 


1837 




3 


1840-5 


5 


1841 


June 1 




<< 


July 28 


1 


1847 


Jan. 22 


1 


« 


Mar. 25 


1 


« 


April 13 


1 


« 


April 14 


2 


1848 


Mar. 2 


1 


1858 


Feb. 


1 


1859 


Oct. 27 




1862 


May 12 


1 


1864 


— 


3 


1866 


April 30 




« 


June 18 


1 


1867 


Jan. 17 




1874 


Mar. 7 




1876 


Jan. 13 


2 


1876 


May 5 


2 


1879 


Dec. 4 


1 


1880 


Mar. 4 


1 


1882 


Jan. 30 


1 


a 


Mar. 9 


1 


« 


June 1 


3 


« 


Dec. 30 


2 


<( 


Dec. 31 


2 


1884 


Jan. 26 


1 


1885 


Jan. 22 


5 



« 


Dec. 17 


1886 


Jan. 14 


« 


" 28 


" Mch 26-28 


1887 


Feb. 25 


" 


Mar. 1 


« 


Mar. 9 


« 


April 21 


1888 


Jan. 19 


1890 


Nov. 26 


1894 


April 12 


« 


June 14 


1911 


April 


1912 


April 6 



HISTORY Of THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 351 

1 Bridgehampton, 1 Southampton, killed; 1 

got away. 
** Feb. 19 1- Reference to "remains of the Amagansett whale" 

on the beach. 

2 Killed off Amagansett. 

1 Caught off Amagansett. 

Several seen by life savers. 
1 Seen off Amagansett. 
1 Chased at Amagansett. 
1 Chased at Southampton. 
1 Killed at Amagansett. 
1 Off Amagansett. 

1 Caught at Amagansett. 

2 1 Caught at Wainscott. 
2 Right Whales; 1 caught at Amagansett. 
1 Right Whale off Amagansett. 
1 Bridgehampton. 

"Whales" off Southampton. 



APPENDIX XIX 
LETTERS OF MR. ALBERT JAGGER 

[For full details of the company owning the Sabina 
see Memorials, pp. 290--292.] 

VI Q fT A.I f n ^ March 29th, 1849. 

No. 1. South Atlantic Ocean ^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ 

It is now nearly two months since I bade you a 
hasty farewell. A letter although void of any very im- 
portant occurrences may not be altogether uninterest- 
ing. 

We did not leave Greenport until late on AVednes- 
day the 7th [Feb. 7th, 1849]. We sailed down into the 
Bay & a boat was sent to Shelter Island after Tom 
Ripley, J. Sayre's clerk at Sag Harbor. . . . The 
crew got wet in going ashore & the most of them froze 
their hands consequently did not reach the ship until 
about 4 o'clock next morning. Pyrrhus froze both 
hands badly the same night throwing the lead. The 
wind was fair & had it not been the absence of our 
boat should have left Ripley ... & thus possibly 
avoided a verv severe gale which overtook us on Mon- 



352 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

day night while in the gulf & threatened the destruc- 
tion of our leaky Ship & it is supposed by most on 
board that it was only owing to the increase of numbers 
that kept her from becoming watterlogged. 

To make it easy for the crew watches by mutual 
consent had been chosen from the Co. who took their 
turns in working the ship & at the pumps regularly. 
On the night aforesaid my watch closed at 10, the wind 
was blowing strong from the S. E., the sails were 
closely reefed. About 2 the Capt. called for all hands 
that could do anything. One of the pumps had choked 
up with coal & had become unmanageable — soon the 
other failed from the same cause. The water in the hold 
at this time was from 3 to 4 ft. All sails were taken in 
& the Ship hove round to the wind. The larboard 
quarter boat was taken from the cranes by a heavy sea 
& several of the upper spars were lost overboard & 
the foresail. We looked upon our situation as critical. 
The ship is a good sailer & a very good seaboat but 
she was by no means fit for the sea when we sailed. 
When the weather has been rough we have had to pump 
from 1200 to 2000 strokes per hour to keep her free. 
Whenever it has been moderate enough to caulk stayes 
have been rigged out & men at work fiUing up the seams 
with oacum & whitelead. Machinery has been fixed by 
which the pumps are both worked together by 8 or 10 
men — this makes the labor much easier. 

It is generally supposed that below the copper the 
Ship is tight for the caulking that has already been done 
has made nearly the difference of half in pumping. 
After the gale had subsided the sails were again put out 
(this was about 4 P. M. on Tuesday) & the ship headed 
for the Cape de Verds for repairs; but on account of 
head winds she fell to the leeward & could not make 
them. We are now near St. Catherine's. . . . We 
have seen a considerable many sails in the distance; but 
have spoken only two. One was a French Ship, the 
other was the Schooner John Allen from N. Bedford for 
the "Gold diggins" with 25 men on board. . . . 

After we had been out a little more than a month & 
had got into a mild climate & some of the worst leaks 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 353 

Stopped it was proposed that a few men be hired out of 
the Co. & let them assist the regular crew & receive 
wages therefor. Sainl. Halsey, Win. H. Post, Geo. 
Burnet, & Wm. White were hired for $14 per month & 
the mates $25 so that ivc have but a very little to do & 
enough to help us. 

There has no serious accident happened to any on 
board except Dan'l Howell who on the 5th of March 
providentially escaped with his life. The main top sail 
yard was found to be defective & in getting it down in 
order to send up a new one the lift fell from aloft in 
which was set an iron thimble & struck him nearly upon 
the top of his head. If it had struck him an inch or two 
lower it would undoubtedly have killed him instantly. 
He is doing well & will probably be upon duty again 
before a great while. 

We have seen several species of Whales since we 
have been out. Saw a school of sperm whales, say from 
10 to 15, which w^as on Sunday. Blackfish, Grampuses, 
Porpoises, Skipjacks &c have frequently been seen. We 
have not been able to get any fish to eat since we have 
been out except a few flying fish & one Dolphin that came 
on board in the night of their own accord. We have a 
firstrate cook but he seasons altogether too high for 
weak stomachs. . . . The Co. are divided off into 
5 messes & have a steward for each mess. In the cabin 
are IT. Green & Son John, Capt. Parker, Capt. Haynes, 
Dr. Dodge, Wm. Parker, S. Harbour, Wm. T. Horton. 
Southold & myself — so much for drawing a berth injthe 
cabin. My roommate w^as offered by Capt. Rogers $5 to 
exchange with him; but it was refused. \\q are very 
much lumbered up with baggage & ship stores; but are 
as comfortable as can be expected. For the last 3 
weeks the weather has been hot. The thermometer 
ranging from 80° to 90° a considerable part of the time. 
\\'e hope scon to be where the cHmate will be the op- 
posite. We have had meetings every Sabbath since we 
sailed & for the most part upon the evenings of that day. 
There are on board . . . some wild boys I will as- 
sure you & if they don't spree it some before they return 
then thev don't, that's all. . . . 



354 HISTORY OF THE TOITN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

We hope to reach San Francisco by the 4th of Jnly. 
There is a ship in sight bearing down for us & 
has the appearance of being a whaler & I must close this 
up. 

April 1st. The Ship referred to would not speak us. 
She came within about 3^ mile & put off as if afraid of 
our numbers. 

9 P. M. We are it^w m company with a Nantucket 
ship & have news direct irom Sandwich Id. of a very 
encouraging character respecting Gold in California. He 
also showed us a whaling list of reports. I see the Ann 
reported with 1650. We send our letters by this Ship to 
Rio as he is expectinp ^o p-o in about 10 days. We hope 
to reach St. Catharine's arjout the middle of the week — . 

No. 2 St. Cathariie's April 11th, 1849. 

. . . We arrived here on Thursday the 5th & 
have been anchored at quarantine ever since, our time 
expires tonight. The greater part of the Co. however 
have been on shore trading for fruit of different kinds. 
W^e had the privilege of going on shore & getting water 
from a spring within sight of the fort; they have also 
sent fresh beef to our ship, but it was very little better 
than horseflesh. It made tolerable kind of broth but 
when roasted was almost as tough as leather. Canoes 
came alongside with chickens, eggs, milk. Oranges, 
Plantains, Bananas, Peanuts, Huckleberries, ^Lemons, 
Quavers, scrimps [?] &c, all of which they sell high 
except Oranges which range from 10 to 15 pr. hundred. 
There are 3 Schooners & 2 Ships lying near us all bound 
to Cal. One left here on Sunday for the same place. 
The Geo. Washington from N. Y. is here with 130 passen- 
gers. The Stafford has 100, she too is from N. Y. There 
has been a fracas on board two nights in succession. 
Night before last we were alarmed with the cry of mur- 
der — yesterday morning we heard that the mate had 
some difficulty with one of the hands & the Capt. inter- 
fered & the man stabbed him & then jumped overboard. 
They sent a boat after him & then tied him up & flogged 
him. We heard that he w^as to be sent home by Rio. I was 
on board the Pomona from N. Bedford yesterday & saw 



HISTORY Uf THE TO HIS UT SOUTH AM TrON 355 

some Gold that was given them from the Flora of N. 
London. They spoke her a few days from this place 
bound home. The particulars you probably have seen 
published. They had a shipped crew over which they 
had to look with a keen eye, constantly in fear that they 
would rise upon them & take the ship. The sample that 
I have left, you will find enclosed. I had to exhibit it 
to so many that a part of it got scattered & lost. What 
I saw there was about as large as flaxseed upon an aver- 
age. They spoke of seeing one lump on board the Flora 
as large as a nutmeg. In about 3 months more we hope 
to see some of our own procuring if Providence favours- 
us. We anticipate a rough passage first around the 
Cape ; but the Ship will be in a better condition for rough 
weather than when we left home. Her seams upon ex- 
amination were found to be very open. Capt. Barny re- 
marked yesterday that it was lucky for us that she did 
not waterlog in the gale that we had just after we left. 

Thus far we have made our own repairs & are ex- 
pecting to finish caulking today. She will probably sail 
the last of the week. The villages near where we lie are 
small. I have been as yet to but one. The inhabitants 
appeared to be very civil & well behaved. In addition to 
the fruits abovementioned coffee, cotton, sugar cane & 
corn were the principal articles raised. There are a 
plenty of slaves; but I should judge from what I saw of 
them that they fared much better than in our Southern 
States. Our ship is anchored about 10 miles from the 
Ocean & it is about 14 miles farther to the principal city 
of St. Catharine. A Co. of us are expecting to take a 
boat & go there some day before we leave. The bay at 
this place is about 4 or 5 miles in width & is a beautiful 
sheet of water with strong currents setting through. 
The land both upon the Island & the main is very 
broken, mountainous & rocky. I have not seen an im- 
plement of husbandry that was Yankeefied in the least. 
They are so indolent that they do Httle more than Hve. 
If the Yankees were in possession of this country it 
would soon look differently I will assure you. 

The health of our Co. continues good. Those who 
were seasick about a month look now as fat & plump 



356 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 

as midshipmen. Some were considerably disappointed 
& somewhat dissatisfied because the Trustees decided 
to have the ship stop here rather than at Rio. Wt have 
heard that vessels are quarantined there 14 days & I 
presume are far more strict than here. Since hearing 
this there have been very few to complain. It is the 
report of colera &c in the States that has caused the 
adoption of these new measures. 

Friday 13th. Capt. Green goes this morning to St. 
Catharine's on business so I. hasten to close my letter & 
send it by him. 

We have done nothing at caulking for the last two 
days on account of the wind & rain. One day more & 
they expect to finish but as yet she leaks nearly as bad 
as when we came in. If she continues to leak as badly 
after they finish they propose to heel her over so that 
the upper part of the copper can be examined. All are 
anxious as far as I know to get to sea again. We shall 
very likely be detained here until Tuesday or Wednes- 
day. Our boats are upon the move nearly all the time 
going from one village to another trading for fruits &c. 
Since I wrote before I have been to Whitehall & St. 
Michael's, the first about 1 mile distant & the other 
about 6. I bought my closebag full of oranges & one of 
E. White's (which was nearly as large) for about .75 of 
our money. Their coin is Millrays, petacks & vintons, 
52-18-2^ cts. There were three of us to share them. 
^^'e had over 200 each. It was all picked fruit & I think 
they will keep good several weeks. Oranges are just 
turning yellow & are said to be about in the right state 
to take to sea. After I had got through buying they 
gave me a fine apple & some of the largest figs that I 
ever saw. ... I saw several parrots for sale & if I 
had been going home would have bought one or two. 
I had a pair offered me for $1.50. The inhabitants 
seemed to be very frugal in their diet. To appearance 
they eat but very little meat & are very poorly clad. The 
children are nearly naked & are very numerous I will 
assure you. . . . Education is very much neglected 
& the religion of the country Catholic. You will not 



HISTORY OF THE TOff'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 357 

only see the Cross in front of their chapels but upon 
their dwelhngs & about their persons. 

There were more than 20 of our Co. that went to 
the City yesterday & have not yet returned. I have 
been so much disgusted at the place that I think I shall 
not go. I have heard so much from those who have 
been that my curiosity is pretty well satisfied. 

Now I suppose you would like to know how we get 
along as to our fare on board the Ship. Why, generally 
we have something to eat & that which is pretty good 
to be sure. For breakfast codfish & potatoes — corn- 
bread, meat & potatoes, hash & fried ham. Dinner 
boiled Rice, AppledufT, Bean porridge. Pea soup. 
Chicken soup. Tea, cold meat, butter cheese & about 
once a week raised warm biscuit. This is our general 
bill of fare. When we get to CaHfornia perhaps we shall 
have a greater variety of dishes than now. ... 

Capt. Rogers has just come in & wants me to go in 
the boat to town. The crew are W'm. H. Post, Peter 
Howell, Geo. Burnet, Edward \\hite & I have pretty 
much concluded to go. . . . I shall write again soon 
after we get to. the Eldorado. 

No. 3. North Pacific Ocean August 6th, 1849. 

We are now near the port of our destination & 
through the kind Providence of God have been pre- 
served from any serious accidents. All are in comfort- 
able health & hope soon to realize that for which we 
have left our homes & encountered a voyage of hazard 
& privation. 

When I closed up mv last letter I broke off suddenly 
to prepare myself for Town. The weather was pre- 
carious & we got wet considerably before we reached 
there — found the Town full of strangers from the differ- 
ent vessels in port. Capt. G. did not get his business ar- 
ranged until 5 P. M. & then from the threatening ap- 
pearance of the weather did not think it expedient to 
start for the ship before morning. The night was dark 
& rainy & we were under the necessity of sleeping upon 
the floor. The place was beautifully located upon a 
large Bay, at the base of a semi circle of mountains ris- 



358 HISTORY OT THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

ing towards the South & East. Its population is about' 
8000. There are some few rich buildings of a style differ-' 
ent from anything I ever saw before ; but the great mass 
of them were small & low covered with lime mortar 
upon the uprights & tiles for the roofs. 

There were but two public houses in the place & 
they would hardly compare with our Irish Hotels in 
point of cleanliness & respectabihty. Early next morn- 
ing we visited the markets, the prisons & the churches 
where mass was being said. The latter were large &' 
richly adorned, under the centre of which the dead were 
deposited in vaults prepared for that purpose. There 
was a brook of water from the mountains that made a 
circuitous route through the city. At this brook I 
should judge that most of their washing was done by 
slaves & conveyed from, for family use. The city was 
one of the most filthy, immoral & indecent places I ever 
was in. The second night after we left there were sev- 
eral killed in a fight between the American & Portu- 
guese, one of which was a passenger in the Geo. Wash- 
ington. She was expecting to have sailed in company 
with us but the Capt. was detained in consequence of 
the difficulty mentioned above. His name was Hilliard, 
an old acquaintance of Capt. Greens. While at anchor 
we were alarmed about the middle of the night with the 
report of a Pistol & the cry of murder from the Bark 
Stafford. They subsequently cut off all communication 
from other vessels & it is supposed that one of their 
number was killed & to prevent the seizure & detention 
of the Ship by the Consul, this mode was adopted. . . . 

■We left there however the 19th May from thence to 
Staten Island (which is nearly up with Cape Horn).; 
We' had a long & boisterous passage having to take in 
sail several times & lay to almost under bare poles. We 
were all very much disappointed in doubling the Cape 
for there, above all other places, we expected head winds 
& rough weather; but without detention we were soon 
heading in a contrary direction having exchanged the 
Atlantic scenery for that of the Pacific which is not very 
dissimilar I can assure you being on board of the same 
Ship, the same Co. & the same pursuits. 



HISTORY OF THE TOMN OF SOUTHAMPTON 359 

A\e have seen whales frequently of different -pecies. 

sperm have been the most numerous. The quarter boat 

has been lowered several times in calm weather to 

chase Blackfish & the only one that was killed sunk. 

We were at Robinson Crusoe's Island the 12th of 
June when we got a raft of water 80 bis. which lasted us 
about 30 days. It was the most wild & romantic sp3t 
almost of which the mind can imagine. The Island was 
once used as a place of banishment for female convicts 
from the coast of Chili; but is now the place of 15 vol- 
untary exiles men women & children hardly any two cf 
which were from the same country. One was a Yankee 
from the State of Maine about 28 yrs. The fish were 
very abundant near shore. We fished with hooks for an 
hour or two & caught 85, several kinds of which re- 
sembled those caught in the waters of L. I. Upon the 
Island were wild Horses, Goats, Hogs, Pigeons &;. Ihe 
only supply of fresh provisions that we obtained from 
the' shore was one bag cf potatoes & a few wild raddish 
tops. I am anxious to get where w^e can have vegetables 
ao-ain I eat but verv little meat. Some of it is very 
o-ood & some is not. The Sag Harbor hams are nearly 
^''pciled. 'They were salted without taking out the bones 
& the greater part of them had turned more or less blue 
before they were opened & besides that they smelled 

rather stale. .... , , 

Our Ship has become comparatively tight to what 
che was before we went into port. After the Southeast 
trades left us the winds were very light until we ran as 
far North as 18° & then we took the winds from the 
North which lasted with us with the exception of sbght 
variations until we arrived opposite the entrance of San 
Franci'^co Bay. I don't think that Capt. G. has caxned 
sail upon the ship as hard as some others that are with 
us would have done if they had the chance. He said of 
Mr Rhodes one morning after having earned away the 
foretop gallant mast that he was generally a careful man 
to carry sail. Capt. G. is a man who says but little ; but 
is pos'^e'^-ed of good judgment & very efficient m per- 
forming the duties of his station. He says that this ex- 
t^edition will be to him either a gold chain or a halter. 



360 HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

When in the vicinity of Cape Horn with the snow 
capped mountains upon our beam 30 or 40 miles distant 
& the sun to the far north whose altitude at noon did not 
exceed what it did with you one hour after it had risen, 
was a sight that many of us never expected to see & 
never wish to see again in our born days. The weather 
was cold & stormy & more than half of the crew were 
off duty sick. We had no conveniences for making fires 
& to keep anyway comfortable we had to go to bed & 
put on a plenty of covering. 

I must tell you how the 4th of July was observed. 
A meeting was held nearly a week previous at which a 
Marshall & 5 Assistant Marshalls were chosen to make 
arrangements, prepare the toasts, select the pieces to be 
sung &c. The morning was one of the most delightful 
of the month. An awning was spread over the greater 
part of the deck, a platform was raised for the speaker 
Mr. A. H. Sandford of Southold & seats for the singers 
& musicians & then for the whole Ships Co. The lower 
hold was broken into for a pipe of gin which was found 
to be mostly leaked out. A table was spread nearly the 
length of the deck at which all sat down except the 
cooks & stewards. The bill of fare consisted of fresh 
Porpoise in different styles, salt Pork & Beef, hard & 
soft bread, plum Puddings together with several kinds of 
pies. After partaking of these the regular & volunteer 
Toasts (which were many in number) were drunk — cold 
water, Lemonade, cider, wine, Gin & Brandy were the 
drinks used upon the occasion. After the table was re- 
moved music & dancing was joined in by that part of 
the Ships Co. who had a taste for it. I was surprised to 
see some of our oldest men dance so well. Capt P. from 
S. Hampton & Capt. Case from Shelter lid I consider 
among the best performers. During this part of the per- 
formance a paper came out edited by John H. Green 
called the Pacific News which was full of fun, wit & 
humor. It also gave an account of the proceedings up 
to the time it was issued, together with a notice of the 
different professions of persons on board & where they 
could be found if their services were needed by the pub- 
lic. After tea 11 Ethiopians, musicians, singers & per- 



HIHTOKY Ut THE TOH'N Of SOUTHAMPTON 361 

formers presented themselves agreable to notice & en- 
tertained the Co. until about 9^ when they began to file 
off & retire to bed. Although I was acquainted both 
with the faces & voices of the Jumbo players yet I don't 
think I should have found out who they all were had I 
not been told. Every one in the Ship seemed to enjoy 
the hilarity of the day. I should like to have seen little 
Walters looks & actions upon the occasion. 

For several weeks past the mind has been upon the 
stretch in anticipating our arrival in Cal. & also in get- 
ting the necessary work done before our arrival. Sev- 
eral different kinds of Goldwashers have been made ; a 
large & small scow the first of which Capt. G. thinks will 
carry 25 tons ; also a variety of other articles too numer- 
ous to mention. 

San Francisco Aug. 10th 1849. We arrived at this 
place yesterday. The date of the previous part of this 
sheet found us in sight of land 50 miles to the northward 
of this port but on account of fogs & calms we did not 
arrive until two days afterwards. The 8th a boat crew 
went ashore from the Ship, saw wild cattle & horses, 
Deer, Seals, Ducks &c &c. This place is unlike anything 
I ever have seen before a description of which I know 
not how to give for I know not where to begin. Seeing 
is beleiving & inasmuch as you cannot see I am afraid 
you will not believe me if I give you unexagerated facts. 
My testimony must be to corroborate the principal 
statements made in public & private letters as well as 
that of the press in general. The harbour on account of 
the amount of shipping & the hurry & bustle witnessed 
resembled N. Y. on the Pacific I can assure you. The 
City is much larger than I expected to see. I have no 
idea of the amount of its inhabitants. They seem to be 
coming & going all the time & every nook & corner is 
full of as heterogeneous a mass as almost ever congre- 
gated together. The place extends about \V^ along 
the Bav & about half the distance back. The buildings 
are of the frailest & cheapest kind. A great many firms 
carry on business under large tents. I should think 
thefts might be frequent when. property was left thus ex- 
posed ; but it is said that robberies are seldom commit- 



362 HISTORY OF THE TOtfN OF SOUTH AM FTON 

ted. As to Gold & Silver it is almost as plenty as sand 
is with you. You see by the papers how prices range. 
Some articles on account of their plentifulness in mar- 
ket are already cheaper than they are in the States, but 
other articles sell for more than 5 times their prime cost. 
Gambling is carried on in a wholesale manner. Wm. 
Allen cheered us as we passed the ship he was in (the 
Sylph oi^.B.). . . . 

New York [Cal.] Sunday evening, Aug. 12th. We 
came to this place yesterday with the Ship — got aground 
when near the harbour. Today we have lightened her 
& put out two anchors & hauled her off. This place is 45 
miles from San Francisco at the head of Ship navigation. 
The Sabina is the first ship up this far. Col. Stevenson 
has given us 3 lots to induce us to come here & make it 
headquarters for the Co. We are expecting to put up a 
house here. It is a place just laid off at the junction of 
the Sacramento & Sanjoakin. We shall probably divide 
& go up both rivers in a few days. 

Tell Mr. Dunster that if to make money is his object 
it can be done very fast here — common labourers get $8 
pr. day, carpenters $15 & $18, Seamen $150 pr. month. 
Geo. Sayre, Jehials son, has been at work for that price 
he told me. Gold is not as abundant it is said as 5 or 9 
months ago but by close application it is made profitable. 
I cannot tell what the average is. Some say an ounce a 
day. Mr. Woodbridge is at Stockton 45 or 50 miles up 
the San Joaquin. We went ashore today & held a meet- 
ing. The Revd. Mr. Smith from Mass. invited us ashore 
for that purpose. His family are with him — have been 
here about a month. 

Wednesday 15th. . . . The Co. held a meeting 
today to transact some important business. We are told 
that but one Co. has held together & I should not be 
surprised if we disbanded before the expiration of the 
time specified in the Const. We have got through strip- 
ping the Ship pretty much & shall probably start as soon 
as Monday for the diggins. M'here my station will be I 
know not. The work is represented to be of the hardest 
kind; but peace & order are observed by the miners & 
mens rights are respected. The business is said to be a 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 383 

healthy one. 

Austin Jagger wishes to be remembered. . . . 
I shall probably not be in circumstances to write you 
again for some months as we shall have no conveniences 
at the mines. We have over 100 miles to go by water & 
then one day's journey by land. The ground is so precipi- 
tous that it is with great difficulty that supplies are 
transported. Almost everything they say sells for a dol- 
lar a pound at the mines. In San Francisco one of our 
Co. paid $6 for a dinner but it was an oyster stew. 

No. 4. New York of the Pacific Jan. 23, 1850 

As Mr. J. Conklin of Sag harbor is expecting to 
leave us in a few days for home I cannot permit so fav- 
ourable an opportunity to pass without writing you. 

Our affairs stand very much as they did when I 
wrote you last. Mr. Warren & George Burnet have 
come down to the Ship & will probably stay until the 
weather makes it right for them to return to the mines 
which will likely not be before April. They complain of 
the weather being very cold & stormy & not suitable to 
work at mining for a considerable part of the time. 
They speak very well of the diqciins where they w^ere 
upon Deer Creek & I think they did a very good business 
while they remained there. 

Capt. Howell for reasons best known to himself did 
not go in the Albany but is here & messes with A. Rogers 
& their claims ought to be duly respected by all the cook- 
ing fraternity except Capt. Green. Capt. B. R. Green 
has gone mate of the Ship IVashingfon to Sandwich Isl- 
ands & from thence to China «& home & it may be 8 or 
10 months before they reach there. Peter Howell has 
gone 2d mate & D. F.' Parker & Isaac Van Scoy of Sag 
Harbour also in the same ship. The latter as steward. 
Our cook Alphonso Boardman has had his right hand 
blown off at S. Francisco bv the bursting of a gun. How 
he is now I don't know. Wq have heard nothing from 
our miners since Mr. Warren came down. A hard time 
was anticipated by them this winter.. The weather thus 
far at the ship has not been as bad as I expected. \\"e 



364 HISTORY OF THE TOtfN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

have had a considerable of rainy weather, but not much 
snow or cold weather. The water in the rivers has been 
very high for more than a week & Sacramento City is 
said to be from 5 to 7 feet under water. They propose 
raising a levee when the waters abate & a considerable 
amount has been subscribed for that purpose. An im- 
mense amount of property has been damaged & lost 
& thousands of cattle, horses & mules have perished. 
Men are moving off in boats & in almost every other 
possible way to the hills for encampment. Several other 
towns in the upper country are in almost as bad a fix. S. 
Francisco is ankle deep in liquid mud & in some places it 
needs long legged Boots & a cane to sound the depth of 
the mud to prevent getting stalled, "as the Hoosiers 
say." Capt. Green mentions of a man who undertook to 
carry a lady across the street while he was there. He 
fell & you can judge as well as myself what kind of a 
predicament they were in exposed as they were to the 
gaze of the public. . . . Sales have been dull at the 
ship for a few weeks past but we think when the spring 
opens it will be brisk again. 

Stephen Halsey &c have arrived at S. Francisco. 
Samuel has had a letter from him & thinks they may be 
up here before long. . . . Mr. Ross who once ran a 
stage across Shelter Island is here sick with dysentery 
& to appearances near his end. He came out in the 
lozva, S. Harbour. (He brought about $2000 in Gold 
dust with him to the Ship. He had been teaming, truck- 
ing &c before he was taken sick & had done well.) The 
sick of our Co. who are at the Ship are all better & able 
to do for themselves. The messes are as follows : Capt. 
G. & son. 2d Capt. Parker, Capt. Halsey & Isham. 3d 
Capts. Howell & Rogers. 4th Rhodes & J. Rogers. 5th 
Mr. Conklin, Saml. Halsey & Geo. Burnet. 6th Mr. 
Warren, A. Hildreth & Spencer Sayre. 7th Sandford & 
Tagger. Comers & goers have to crowd in where they 
can get the best chance. 

I am sorry to hear of the anticipated departure of 
so many from our town for California. I fear if they do 
not lose their lives .or health, they will regret it them- 
selves. There are already many in the Country who are 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMPTON 365 

not doing as well as they might at home. If any one 
does remarkably well it is known & told of & the fa ts 
in the case exagerated, but those who make a failure of 
it, are among those who are not reported. There is Gold 
here pretty plenty & no mistake, but where one makes a 
fortune at mining, nine others will fail at it & they make 
as much of an effort to secure it (so I am told) as the 
one who is successful. Mr. S. & myself have been talk- 
ing about going into business together after we get 
through with the business at the ship. . . . There 
are so many of our company starting for home that 
you will get all the news I expect & more too. 

No. 5. New York of the Pacific March 20th, 1850. 

This California is a great & there are a 
great many physiognomys in it, no two of which are 
alike. There are some that I shall recollect I hope as 
long as I live. There are others I shall take no partic- 
ular pains to remember. Just think of it representatives 
from almost every part of the globe ; every hue of face 
& character almost; but the state of morals is not as 
low as one might imagine. There is said to be more 
justice than law exercised over the community. Gold, 
gold, gold is the topic of conversation among all classes 
& conditions of men & few, perhaps none, but wish a 
little more of the glittering treasure than they are now 
in possession of. Men here, as everywhere, have very 
capacious desires; but let me tell you that few that 
pursue an honest calling here will return home with 
their desires satisfied; nor will their anticipations be 
realized in the easy accumulation of wealth. 
The Gold is here without mistake; but so far as I have 
become acquainted with miners few make fortunes com- 
pared with the many who suffer the hardships & priva- 
tions incident to such a life. 

We have a large inventory still in the Ship to be dis- 
posed of. There is about $5000 in cash on hand. The 
party at the ship is large, mostly from Southampton. In 
addition to our own Co. we have Lewis Howell, Stephen 
Jagger, Albert Halsey, Stephen Halsey, Howell Cor- 
with, William Fordham & William Foster. They are 



366 HISTORY OF THE' TOWN OF SOUTH JiMFT&N 

waiting f6r the weather to change so they can start fdf 
the mines without too much exposure. We have had a 
squally month' thus far with very high winds. Our Ship 
drew her anchors about a week ago & now lies nearly in 
the mouth of the River Sanjoachin much to the annoy- 
ance of vessels that wish to pass. Our boat, the smallest 
one, also broke loose & it was with a considerable exer- 
tion that we got her again, not however without wet 
coats & skins too, for it was raining a streak. 

I received a letter from Wm. H. Post about 10 days 
since. . He was at Honolulu & was getting better, 
thought he should be ready to start back this month. 
Thinks he should not now have been alive had he re- 
mained at the Ship. Several others think so too. . . .' 
Nathan was as fat as a hog & tough as a loon. . . . 
Capt. Wm. Post & Wm. White have been to the Ship 
nearly a week . . . ' & are' going back to the same 
diggins in a few days. (It is the,, rough & ready diggins 
I. think.) They had heard nothing from us or from 
home since last Oct. until they fell in with one of our 
Co. at Sacramento on their way down. . . . C^pt. 
L. Ludlow & brother we have just heard have -made 
$1,000 between them. Austin Lewis & J. H. Fields were 
probably in the same neighborhood. Peter Reeves 
started with them but died on their way out & was bur- 
ied at Mormon Island. I wrote to his father of the cir- 
cumstances as mentioned in my letter from Austin. T 
have written to S. B. Halsey's widow & Edward H. 
White's widow. . . . Mr. Ross died in a few days 
after Mr. Conklin left. 

No. 6. San Franfcisco March 24, 1850. 

Business has very unexpectedly called me to this' 
place. This is the sabbath. I am at the house of my 
roommate & write you a few hasty' lines. We went to- 
hear the Revd Mr. Williams preach this morning. His 
subject was the prosperity & dechnation of the Chris- 
tian, his text the 3 Epistle of John 2d verse. The congre- 
gation were assembled in the basement of the Custoiiv 
house & the seats were nearly all filled with well dressed 
& attentive listeners mostly gentlemlen from 18.to 50. A- 



HISTORY OF THE TOirN OF SOUTHAMPTON 367 

small ppriiikling of ladies say about a dozen. Ladies are 
now frequently seen walking the streets. About 203 
have recently arrived from Sydney. I doubt whether 
the morals of the Community will be improved by their 
introduction. They can make money in an honest way 
& I hope they will. One lady that 1 know at N. York 
[Cal.] who has lost her husband since she came out here 
is now getting her $200 pr. month at common house- 
work. 

The Ocean Steamer is hourly looked for, we expect 
to see Wm. Payne, S. White, C. Bishop & others from 
S. I hope they will be prospered after they reach here 
for every body who submits to the hardships & priva- 
tions consequent to a miner's life deserves good pay for 
it. I hope that health will be enjoyed & prized by them. 
I must now add two more to our list who have ex- 
changed temporal for eternal realities, viz John Crook of 
Hogne k — he married a daughter of Mr. Seth Corwin. 
The other was Daniel B. Glover of Southold, who had 
made proposals to me to go to the Sandwich Isl. & 
operate at our different trades & mess together & divide 
the profits. As a Co. death has broken into our ranks 
frequentl3^ Few have been so unfortunate. The 
Henry Lcc of 130 has lost 11. The Jacob M. Rycrson has 
lost one sixth of her Co. We have just heard that one 
of the sail boats that we brous'ht out & sold was upset & 
4 persons drowned & about $12,000 in money lost. I am 
here upon the Ships business. . . . Capt. G. arrived 
the day previously. We brought down 20 bis. of Beef 
for Capt. Roice & shall send him more if we can get it 
down before he sails. He expects to leave about the first 
of next month. They are all well. I was on board of 
him & the HamiltGii last evening. You undoubtedly will 
hear of the meeting on board the Sheffield on her pas- 
sage out. Jeter Bishop has hired to go the voyage at 
$200 pr. month. They all have raised ideas as to the 
success of their voyage. Talk of getting 5000 in 90 
days. I hope they will do it but sha'nt be disappointed 
if they don't. The Cadimis & Anji Mary Ann are looked 
for soon. It is astonishing what an amount of shipping 
there is in this port at present. I think I never saw as 



368 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

many ships in N. York at one time as may now be seen 
here. Large ships will not sell for as much as a boat 
that will carry 10 or 15 tons. The destruction of prop- 
erty here in various ways is very great. If a person 
wants an article he will give a great price for it but if 
he don't want it, you c^n't give it to him. Clothing is 
plenty & cheap. Loads of it may be seen thrown into 
the street when perhaps it has not been worn more than 
a week or two & can buy new nearly as cheap as to have 
their dirty ones washed. If we all live to reach home I 
guess there will be some men washers & men bakers who 
never served any regular apprenticeship at the business. 
I don't like to say whether or not we like it. 

I am expecting to go to the mines in about 3 weeks. 
I will endeavor to write you again before I start. I ex- 
pect but seldom to have an opportunity of writing & 
perhaps not be able to receive letters from you for some 
months. 

On my way down I stopped one evening to see Mr. 
Woodbridge at Bonetia. He told me that he had sent 
for his family to come out with the Revd. Mr. Williams 
who expects to start in the next steamer to attend the 
meeting of the General Assembly & return with his 
family. Mr. Woodbridge seems to be pleased with the 
country & says that he expects to labour & die here. He 
marked out a way in which we could make money if you 
were only here, but I did not promise to send for you at 
present. If I should send for you I don't much b'lieve 
you would come & I think you would not be greatly to 
blame either. To tell you the candid truth about it this 
country what they call Californy is scarcely fit for white 
folks to live in at present whether they be male or fe- 
male. Just think of it, mud half knee deep several 
months in the year. And then again as many months 
more without a drop of rain & the ground as dry as ashes 
to be moved with the wind like the great African deserts 
so that almost every pore of the skin demands water, 
water, water to remove the hateful load. Again just 
think of a climate that frequently in summer & fall var- 
ies in temperature from 40° to 50° during the 24 hours. 
I should like a little of the gold that lies hid in the bowels 



HISTORY UF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 369 

of the earth in this country & I ask no more from it. It 
is bound to be a great country & no mistake but it is the 
gold that will bring settlers more than anything else. 
The morals of society are yet to be moulded & how is 
this to be done until American laws & institutions are 
introduced. Temperance, industry & morality, the 
handmaids of religion lie too dormant. Principles of 
right ought never to be sacrificed for pecuniary motives. 
And if I must labour upon the Sabbath or traffick in in- 
toxicating drinks to the sacrifice of the principles of 
right & wrong in order to be rich I shrink from it for I 
know it would give me but little satisfaction through 
hfe. ... 

One of our best customers at the Ship has recently 
committed suicide. He had bought very liberally & ex- 
pected to buy nearly all that we had to dispose of in the 
ship. He shipped it to Stockton & then sent a part of it 
to the mines & the price went dowm so that he was likely 
to lose a considerable amount. It seemed to afTect his 
mind very much & he cried like a child about it & re- 
quested us to say nothing about it to any of their Co. 
fearing that they [would write] about it to his wife & 
make her feel unpleasant about it. He was one of the 
Mt. Vernon Co. from Matapoiset. Soon after this he 
became delirious took a large dose of laudunum, but re- 
peated emetics being given, he threw it off. A few days 
after, not being closely watched, he obtained access to the 
medicine chest again, pryed it open, took down a large 
quantity of corrosive sublimate & it was not detected 
until it was too late to save his life. . . . He was 
professedly a pious man & I think Dea. of a church in 
the place where his family lives. 

March 27th 1850. The Ocean Steamer arrived yes- 
terday about noon. No pasengers that I knew. 

Those who are sailors or have good trades can get 
first rate wages without going to the mines. Produce is 
plenty & cheap, Lumber selling as low as $35 per Thous- 
and. The Cadmus Co. must sink money like ourselves. 
The be=t they can do will be to disband. These Com- 
panies are unfortunate concerns. 

.'\n election was held here on Monday last, a very 



370 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

exciting time indeed I will assure you. There were sev- 
eral fights before its close. This place is improving rap- 
idly. The hills are being dug down & the valleys filled. 
The comforts of a civilized life will ere long be enjoyed. 
Many, I presume, feel as though they were permanent 
settlers here. There is a great excitement here about 
the richness of the Trinity diggins upon the upper Sac- 
ramento & they are leaving by scores in Schooners up 
the coast in order that the land route may be shortened. 

No. 7 New York of the Pacific, April 7th 1850. 

The company held a meeting last week for 
the transaction of business & ordered the Ship to San- 
francisco & the effects to be sold within 30 days after her 
arrival. Mr. Sandford & Capt. Green were appointed 
agents to settle the concern. . . . He [Capt. G.] 
seemed to be anxious that Mr. S. & myself should be ap- 
pointed & nominated us & said that he had the greatest 
confidence in us; but I had made previous arrange- 
ments to go to the mines & had bought a tent & a con- 
siderable part of my outfit & my partner, Wm. M. 
Parker, brother to John Parker the merchant of Sag 
Harbour had been waiting several weeks for my term of 
Ofifice to expire in order that we might go together. 
Capt. Wm. C. Haynes a Brother of Stephen Halsey's 
wife, proposes to be at 1/3 the expenses of the outfit & 
live with us & work by himself & we thought it to be 
economy for us to take him in & have done so. We are 
now very busy in making cradles &c to carry with us to 
seperate the Gold from the dirt. The greater part of 
the Co. have already gone to the mines. Those remain- 
ing are Mr. Rhodes, Capt. Howell, Spencer Sayre, one 
company, Capt. Parker & Lewis Howell another & are 
probably waiting for Mr. Payne to return to make a 
third partner. We have just heard of the arrival of the 
Tennessee & think he came in her. Albert Hildreth, 
Capt. Green & son Charles, Albert & James Rogers, 
Mr. Sandford, Capt. Haynes, Wm. M. Parker & the 
undersigned. From the representations made by Capt. 
Post & W^m. White the most of us have concluded to go 
to the Rough & Ready diggins in the neighborhood of 



tJlsfd'R)r OF'tHE'TdH^l^'bf^huT'HAMFrdN 371 

Deer & Bear creeks. I hope we may all make our piles 
so that we can return home next winter. 

The specimen I sent to C^d last fall we have heard 
was lost upon the Isthmus. Capt. Paifke'r has- had the 
misfortune to lose tw6 in k different Vvay., Pin's of vir- 
gin Gold have become very fashionable here. J. Rogers 
had attached pins to theni & were in a cup of water in 
order to cleanse them. John Cook not' knowing that it 
Contained anything but water threw the y^hole of it into 
the River. Thus Ann & some one eilse may be disap- 
pointed. The value was about $10. . . '. 

The country where Gold exists is filling up fast 
with Yankees & almost every other nation & I am ex- 
ceedingly anxious to get there & make a claim before the 
whole mining district is taken up. The Vord is,' still 
they come. ... 

Goods are very cheap here, in fact they sell for al- 
riiost nothing. I bought 3 handsome sheets yesterday for 
.46, not that I wanted them but no one' bid above nle & 
I had to take them. . . .1 bought a good chest, at 
the same auction for .25. Capt. Green, bought a back 
load nearly- of coats & pantaloons for afbout '.25 to .'50 
cents a garment. A man dbn't want anything, more than 
is actually necessary in this country where storage is' so 
high, $1.50 per month. I wish half my .clothes were 
home. . . . This Co. Had about enough, for ^ 5 
years campaign when they left home, money excepted. 
/' . . Some few make fortunes at riiining; but the 
great mass have not done it & it is very doubtful 
whether they ever d'o. I think it yields a, very fair 
profit however; but it is a life of exposure, hardships & 
privations; but it is an honest & honorable v/ay of mak- 
ing a living & I came to this Eldorado to pursue it & 
pick up some of the pound lumps that chance may throw 
in my way. So here we go with our Fhovels & picks 
upon our backs with a light quick .step & a merry heart 
will scale the mountain side & turn the big rocks out by 
fh'e roots & wash out the shining dust & take it honie to 
our wives, children, sweethearts &c. I have put up y^ 
Bushel of Beans, 20 lbs 6i Rice, 1 Ham, 15 lbs. dried ap- 
ples &c & shall cook some beef & pork to eat upon the 



372 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

way & depend mostly upon buying after we get out there. 
. . . Potatoes are worth .20, Onions .75 per lb. Bread 
& meat is cheap & Lumber is worth but little more than 
the cost price at home. 

New York of the Pacific, April 14th 1850. The 
Ship is now hauled off into the stream waiting a fair 
wind to go down to San Francisco. We have been quite 
busy the past week in getting up the anchors which were 
badly fouled, bending sails & landing goods, taking an 
inventory of what remains on board &c. ... I am 
anxious to get to the mines & may not wait for the Ship. 
Capt. Parker, Mr. L. Howell, A. Rogers & Capt. 
Haynes, Parker & Jagger expect to buy a whaleboat, 
take their effects into it & put up the river as soon as 
we can get ready. . . . The Cadmus & Ann Mary 
Ann have been reported in the Pacific & are expected 
every day. The report of the arrival of the Tennessee 
proved false. We have just heard that Capt. B. Green 
left the Washington at Sandwich Id. & took command of 
a ship for Sydney for coal & iron thence to Sanfrancisco. 
I think it very probable that Wm. H. Post & Nathan 
have gone with him. ... I don't see where S. 
White, Wm. Payne & co. can be, I doubt whether a 
county in the U. S. A. in proportion to its population has 
sent more representatives to Cal. than old Suffolk. 

April 17th. We have today been buying Lumber 
with which to build a boat to go up the River with. Capt. 
Howell, Mr. Rhodes, Spencer Sayre, Capt. Haynes 
Parker & Jagger think of going to the Rough & Ready 
diggins. Capt. Parker, L. Hov/ell & Capt. Rogers ex- 
pect to go higher up upon the Uber. They propose that 
I start tomorrow for S. & do my own business & get 
some few things, letters &c for them & they will build 
the boat while I am gone & then we will be ready to 
start together. I don't know what A. Hildreth & J. 
Rogers will do. They still remain on board the ship. 
The wind has been ahead ever since we hauled the Ship 
off & no pilot & no way provided to get her down. The 
boards for a boat we bought of Mr. Eaton who con- 
tracted to build the Church in Southampton. 

Thursday evening 18th. Mr. Payne arrived here 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 373 

this j-porning. Came in the Tennessee. He left the rest 
of f lie Co. upon the Isthmus waiting for the Sarah Sands 
She will be up he thinks in about 2 w ^eks. Commenced 
our boat today. I expect to start for Sanfrancisco in 
the morning. Capt. Payne, Wm. M. Parker & myself 
saved a man from drowning today. He fell from the 
Steamer Governor Dana. He forgot to thank us being 
considerably chilled & fatigued. We have heard by 
Capt. Payne of the death of Capt. Geo. Corwin at San- 
francisco. He came out master of the Huron, S. Har- 
bour. 

San Francisco Apr. 23d. . . . The Panama has 
just arrived with about 40,000 letters. I shall stand 
around tomorrow in order to receive 1 or more. Those 
sent by S. White or C. Bishop I shall not expect to get 
for some weeks yet. 

No. 8 Wolf Creek, Cal., June 19th 1850. 

. . . It is a kind of broken day with me which 
affords me a little leisure time to write & here in the 
mountainous part of Cal. under the shade of a large pine 
seated upon the ground with a tin pan in my lap for a 
desk I have commenced to write an epistle. 
This forenoon I was out on a short prospecting tour 
with Mr. Warren (who has just recovered from a sick- 
ness of several weeks standing) in search for new dig- 
gins. ... I will enclose one little piece that I 
washed out with a pan which Mr. W. says looks like a 
human face, the back side of which looks as though 
man's art had had something to do to bring it into its 
present shape. I am now trying to make a mess of 
soup; so you see that we Californians have to be our 
own cooks, tailors, cobblers, washerwomen, nurses &c 
&c. Wm. M. Parker is sick. . . . The rest of our 
Co. are all upon duty as far as I know. Wq had a long 
passage up the River owing to the strong head current. 
We went first to Nevada City upon Deer Creek & after 
looking around a few days thought it best to turn a sec- 
tion of the River about two miles above the town which 
we afterwards put out to Wm. French & Eli Fordham 
for 1 /3 of the net proceeds.. They have taken in George 



374 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

Shaw & are at work upon it. They had not made much 
when we last heard from them. I must stop here & say 
that our Co. is composed at present of 7 men viz : Henry 
Loper, Daniel Smith, John Petty, Job Hedges, Capt. 
Wm. Haynes, Wm. M. Parker & the undersigned, all 
Suffolk Co. men. We next moved over to Grass Valley 
where Capt. Post & Wm. White spent the winter & as 
Job & myself washed out in two days about $50 we 
thought to be sure we were on the road to wealth, but 
we soon ran the lead out & now can scarcely make our 
board. We turned the creek here too, but in the bed of 
it found nothing. Next was Bear River about 15 miles 
distant where Capt. Post, Geo. Burnet, Stephen Jagger, 
John Cook, Capt. Edward Halsey & E. B. Isham had 
gone. Here another section was turned taking about 3 
weeks to dig the race & put in the dam & is now paying 
but about $5 to the man. Only 3 are now at work there. 
Capt. Post & Burnet, Jagger & Cook have found a spot 
where they make as we suppose about $15 to $20 per day 
to the man. Capt. Haines & D. Smith have started for 
the north Uber thinking it to be our last resort. Wm. 
White is also in Company with them. If they make no 
discoveries that will justify us in moving there we shall 
probably dissolve partnership after tfieir return. It is 
evident that the cream has been taken off, of diggins 
that have already been discovered, so that at present it 
is a precarious business & not as profitable as most other 
kinds that are followed in this country. The Greens, 
Capt. Parker & Son, Lewis Howell, Capt. Payne, Capt. 
Rogers, Edwin Halsey, Wm. Topping & Geo. Sayre & 
others are camped about ^ of a mile from us. 
Their success thus far has been about upon an average 
with ours. You must not be surprised to see me at 
home by the first of Jan. meeting with so many discour- 
agements may turn me that way sooner than I expected. 
It is a constant scene of excitement. We have 
to live in a kind of primitive style — no tables, no chairs, 
stools or benches, no stoves, fireplaces or ovens to cook 
in. Simple, plain way of living this but by no means 
cheap in the mines nearly 250 miles from Sanfrancisco. 
Almost everything is from .30 to $1.50 per lb. at retail. 



HISTORY OF THE TOtVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 375 

Molasses $4 per Gallon, Vinegar $3 & so on in that 
ratio. A man that makes nothing must reduce his 
purse fast. 

Capt. Howell, H. Rhodes, & Spencer Sayre stopped 
at Gold run & I believe are there still. It is about 4 or 

5 miles distant. . . . Our boat we could not sell & 
we left her at the town of Nicholas thinking that we 
might go down in her when we are ready to return. 

The Indians have been very troublesome & danger- 
ous & now as a treaty has been made with them we hope 
for peace & safety. The Whites I think have been far 
more to blame than the Indians as they (many of them) 
would shoot them down hke wolves or bears whenever 
they would come across them & now as they have retali- 
ated in showing hostility to the whites a war of extermi- 
nation is the motto of too many. . . . Payne. How- 
ell, the Greens & Co. have been buying mules prepara- 
tory to going up the Uber. 

June 23d. . . . We have found better diggins 

6 have moved our Long Tom there (a machine for wash- 
ing). . . . We are joined with Mr. Warren & Co. 
until our partners get back. In the use of washers that 
are used now to a considerable extent it requires more 
help than with a cradle. . . . Men now resort con- 
siderably to stealing. Rhodes & Spencer Sayre have had 
stolen from them about $80 each. I saw a man flogged 
a few days ago for stealing a mule, 30 lashes upon his 
naked back were put on. 

No. 9. Bear River. Cal., x\ugust 25th 1850. 

On the 4th of July we dissolved partnership 
& Haynes, Parker & myself have been at work together 
ever since. ... If diggins do not fail us we shall 
probably remain about two months longer upon this 
River & then go down to San Francisco & fit out for the 
southern mines & hope to be able to return next Spring. 
The mining districts are fast filling up with emi- 
grants who have just come in from the States across the 
plains. The most of them are at work for small pay. 
some for little more than their board. . . . 



376 HISTORY OF THE TOtVN OF SOUTHAMHTON 

We have heard that Capt. Rogers & Wm. Payne 
left the mines for the States more than a month since;. 
Capt. Edward Halsey & E. B. Isham met with an acci- 
dent about 2 weeks since by the bursting of a powder 
horn containing about 1 lb. of Powder. . Capt. 

Post, Wm. White & John, Geo. Burnet, Wm. Penny, 
Wm. Halsey, Westhampton, Stephen Jagger & J. Cook 
are well I believe. . . • . Capt. Parker & Son, L. 
Howell, the Greens, Geo. White, Geo. Herrick &c &c 
are on the Uber. Thomas Warren started for San Fran- 
cisco unwell in company with Mr. Loper & D. Smith. 
Rhodes & Capt. Howell went soon after. . . . Spen- 
cer is at Rough & Ready diggins. I hope a fortune will 
attend him for his perserverance. . . . We have 
heard that the dividend from the Sabina is $350 pr 
share. . . . We have heard that [Capt. Green] has 
bought the ^'a&iwa that cost us $8000 for $1150. . . . 

No. 10. Bear River, Nov. 3d 1850. 

. . Haynes & Parker left for the southern 
mines via San Francisco about the middle of Sept. I 
thought it too early for dry diggins & concluded to re- 
main. . Soon after they left I joined with Capt. 
Edward W. Halsey & E. B. Isham & we have since 
then done first rate & have now concluded to spend the 
winter at or near Grass Valley. . . . Capt. H. has 
gone over to Grass Valley to cut logs with which to 
build a house. Isham & myself are going in a few days 
as we have nearly worked out our claim here. The 
miners have nearly all left the River except some few 
who are preparing to spend the winter here. It is get- 
ting too cold for river diggings where men have to be 
wet every day. 

We have laid in a part of a winter's supply of pro- 
visions to the amount of about $300. The mule that we 
keep for packing, together with the saddle & Bridle cost 
$156. Hitherto he has been very good about not stray- 
ing away but the poor fellow came very nigh being 
starved by getting his larriet caught between two large 
trees that had blown down. When I found him he had 
eaten one of the trees, which had somewhat decayed. 



HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF SOUTHAMFTON 377 

more than one quarter of the way off. The tree was be- 
tween the size of a barrel & a Hogshead. We could not 
tell how long he had been fast but suppose from 4 days 
to a week. Now we generally see him as often as once 
in two days. 

My valise & other things that I did not absolutely 
need at present when I came to this River I left at Capt. 
Posts house in Grass Valley. The house after Mr. War- 
ren left was broken open twice & things taken away. It 
was said to be Indians but I think very likely they had 
white faces. . . . Isham has been there recently & 
says that my valise is cut open & he thinks every thing 
taken away except a towel. ... I sent by Capt. 
Post for a few things from the ship & would have sent 
for more had I known of this misfortune before he left. 
The Halseys from Canb [?] Geo. Burnet, Wm. Penny, 
Spencer Sayre. A\'m. Topping, EH Fordham, Geo. & Plal- 
sey Sayre, Job Hedges, Capt. Post, Wm. Plalsey, West- 
hampton. Thomas Wallace & others that I could men- 
tion are expecting to winter around Grass Valley. Geo. 
Herrick, D. Howell, & Pyrrhus we hear have returned. 
. Capt. Green has sold the Sabiua to one of 
"Johny Bull's" subjects. . . . 

Centreville Nov. 10. . . . We have been at 
work upon our house ever since we have been here. It 
stands within 10 rods of Capt. Post's. We finished it 
last night. It is 13 by 15. Two small windows or rather 
air holes which are made so small that a man cannot 
crawl into them. A chimney with stone back & jambs 
& sticks & mud above. Dirt floor. We have about >4 
dozen shelves put up — the table, benches & other furni- 
ture we shall make up evenings or stormy days. We 
expect to go to work tomorrow throwing up dirt ready 
to wash. The house has not cost us quite $50 out of 
pocket & we think we shall be much more comfortable 
than we should be in a tent. Our work will probably be 
a mile or more from home as it was a considerable part 
of the time during the summer. We had a hard time 
packing over. For the first 3 or 4 miles the road was 
rough & dangerous & we had the mule down 3 times, 
had' to cut the pack ropes to enable him to get up; but 



378 HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 

did not injure him any as he lay very quiet until he was 
relieved from his burden. Just before we left an Indian 
& white man were shot about 1^ or 2 miles from us. 
The white man received the Indian into his tent & they 
drank together. He became tired of his company & told 
him to "vamoise," but he would not. He told him if he 
did not he would shoot him. The Indian soon began to 
move off, however, & the white man drew up his Rifle & 
shot him dead. He then endeavoured to make his es- 
cape; but the Indians mustered & pursued after hjm & 
killed him. It is astonishing to see the change that has 
taken place here since I left only a little more than 4 
months since. Then perhaps there was from 10 to 15 
houses scattered around the valley. Now I think it 
probable that there is between 100 & 150. There are 
two 9 pin alleys & a large Hotel & grog shops & stores 
in abundance. The town is about ^ of a mile from our 
house upon the opposite side of the valley in full view. 
(In regard to the Greens & D. Howell I have heard dif- 
ferently since I have been here.) John White & Wni., 
together with Charles Howell have gone to the Sand- 
wich Islands & will probably go upon a whaling voyage 
if they can get an opportunity. ... J. Rogers has 
started in business in Sanfrancisco. I found my things 
in a worse condition than I expected. Almost every- 
thing of any value was stolen, your miniature & all. That 
I feel more sorry about than anything else. . . . 
The Cholera is quite prevalent at Sacramento City tak- 
ing off as its victims over a hundred a day as has been 
reported here. . . . The citizens have been fleeing 
for some time in almost every direction. 

No. 11. San Francisco, Jan. 14th 1851. 

. . . I spent the night with Wm. H. Post & 
Nathan on board the DeucaUa & thought I would write 
this morning before I went on shore. . . . We had 
a severe storm one night & a tree was blown down upon 
a house in which four men resided. One was killed, 
another had his leg fractured, a third hurt in the head 
considerably & the fourth escaped unhurt. A few days 
later another tree that stood in the town street was con- 



HISTORY OF THE TOiFN OF SOUTHAMFTOU 379: 

sidered unsafe & in: falling- it pretty much demolished 

4 houses The night before Christmas a ball 

was held in town & kept up about all night; ' as' rum 
went in, reason went out. They became abusive & 
quarrelsome & one man Was shot dead in making his 
escape in the street. We heard the report of the gun 
just as we were starting- to work, say about' 3^> hour be- 
fore sunrise. An examination was had but nothing done 
about it. Such I think would not have been the case 
before laws were introduced. While the miners were the 
lawmakers & law executers. . . . Capt. Babcock of 
the Marcus, S. H. is expecting to go back with me. . . . 

No. 12. Centreville Feb. 2d 1851. 

Our little company of 3 is dissolved by mu- 
tual consent. Isham goes North upon Feather River in 
a few days in Co. w^ith Capt. Wni. Post & Wm. S. Hal- 
sey W. H'n. Capt. Halsey & myself continue together & 
are expecting to spend the summer upon Bear River 
near where we wbrked last season. ... We have 
heard nothing from Stephen Jagger & J. Cook since 
they went a-^'ay last. Mr. Petty, Eli Fordham, & John 
Marshall have g-one to Indian Creek near where Pyrrhus 
left last fall. Capt. Sweeny, Geo. Burnet, Wm. Penny & 
several others are expecting to go up to Feather River. 
I don't know of any Long Islanders that expect 
to locate upon Bear River but Capt. H. & myself. The 
diggins are not rich enough for them. . . Wm. M. 

Parker . . . left in the early part of winter around 
Cape Horn. ... Next fall I think there will be a 
thinning out for the States, Gold or no Gold. . . . 

To close up, I'll tell you that I got kicked twice with 
our scamp of a mule before 1 reached Bear River. Once 
he kicked me hard — one foot struck me in the hip & the 
other in the side & hurt me considerably. If Capt. H. 
had not plead in his behalf I think he would have been 
hurt back about as bad for after the second kick I felt 
just like it. . . . 

No. 13. Steep Canion— Bear River. March 30th, 1851. 
Here we are in an almost secluded spot in a 



380 HISTORY Of THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMHTON 

kind of wilderniss, hemmed in with mountains & forests 
that a short time ago were inhabited only by wild beasts 
& human beings scarcely less wild. Since I have intro- 
duced this I will say a few words in reference to the na- 
tives. First a description of them is necessary. In size 
they are about medium, some few of them large & well 
proportioned, in colour about like the half-breeds at the 
south, with black straight hair & low foreheads. Their 
living consists of wild game, roots & nuts. In their 
habits they are filthy & indolent. Their dress now is 
generally of American style, although you see some of 
them entirely naked. It is thought by some that the in- 
troduction of clothing among them will be the means of 
shortening rather than prolonging life among them. 
Their ornaments are beads, birds, feathers & squirrel's 
tails. The ears of many of them are cut & huge pieces 
of wood worn as ornaments. From the top of their 
heads as low as their breasts you see them daubed over 
with a black sticky mixture resembling tar as much as 
anything you can imagine. Some think this is done 
upon mourning occasions. The men are very expert 
with the bow & arrow & I have seen them at quite a dis- 
tance from the object shoot with great precision. The 
arrow is made of a piece of reed, with stone or glass 
points made very sharp. I bought one that I intended 
to take home with me but it has been stolen. 

A few words now in regard to our location, manner 
of living &c may be as interesting, as to lengthen out 
the story of the Indians. Well, we are located within 40 
Rods of the place where we struck our tent last fall. We 
have a tier of logs rolled up, enclosing a space about as 
large as a common sized pig pen, one end of which an- 
swers (with a few large stones laid up against the logs) 
for a fire-place & the other to spread down quilts, blank- 
ets &c to sleep upon & in the morning roll them up out 
of the way. The intermediate space is for provisions, 
cooking apparatus &c. The roof is an old tent sus- 
pended over the ridge pole & naild to the logs upon the 
sides. It smokes prodigiously sometimes. Our living 
now we think to be pretty good. Our bill of fare is as 
follows, Home made bread as good as the best. It is 



HIHTORY OF THE TOUN OJ- SOUTHAMPTON 381 

made of yeast, flour & a little salt & grease. It is 
kneaded up early in the morning & baked in an iron 
kettle at night & is nearly as light as a cork. I believe 
I can make as good bread as you now. I wont say any 
thing about competing with mother. Well, we some- 
times have fresh venison or beef which is quite a relief 
from the monotonous salt junk style of living. In ad- 
dition to this we have porridge occasionally & now & 
then we have boiled potatoes or dried apples stewed, for 
sauce. Any & all, all these we relish with a good appe- 
tite, particularly after a "big" day's work. The molasses 
I almost forgot to mention which is a very good substi- 
tute for sweetmeats, done up in real old fashioned Yan- 
kee style. We have a barrel that we owned in Co. with 
Capt. Post & 5 or 7 others, for which we paid in gold 
dust $100. This we laid in last fall & is now nearly 
gone. Provisions are selling now much cheaper than 
formerly & as competition increases & mining becomes 
less profitable, prices will go down until they are upon a 
par value with other things. Our River diggins have 
proved better than we expected when we commenced 
them. . . . There at present located within a y^. of 
a mile of us, nearly 50 men; among them is Capt. 
Sweeny, John Harrison, Edward Foster & Geo. Shaw 
Job Hedges & Spencer Sayre are about a mile above. 
We have heard from Capt. Post & Isham once 
since they left. They were located upon Indian Creek. 
. . . Geo. \^'hite, Eli Eordham, John Marshall &c are 
near them. The City of Nevada has been pretty much 
burned down ; also large amount of goods. I have not 
heard whether Wm. French lost anything by it or not. 
Capt. Babcock, Thos. W' allace & Erastus Glover, Thos. 
Glover's brother are still at Grass Valley. I have been 
gardening a little this spring in a small way. . . . 
Capt. Halsey says that if you see his Wife soon you must 
tell her that he is "fat, ragged & saucy & can eat his 
allowance without any difficulty." 

No. 14. Bear River May 4th 1851. 

there must be several [letters] for me 

somewhere. I don't believe the express carriers interest 



382 HIsrORY OF THE TUH'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 

themselves except so far as pecuniary advantages are 
concerned & these ought not to be considered trifling for 
I have several times paid as high as $2.40 per letter & 
I think never less than $2.00. . . . Saml B. Halsey 
& H. Corwithe from Deer Creek staid with us on Mon- 
day night last, they report the death of Capt. James 
Parker who died suddenly on the 29th of April at Indian 
Creek of what disease they know not. How our num- 
bers are thinned off by death leaving wives & children 
to mourn the loss. ... 

No. 15. Bear River Sept. 28th 1851. 

It will be three weeks tomorrow since Capt. Halsey 
& his companions left here for home. . . . There is 
a tremendous rush for home this fall, almost as great 
as in 1849 & 50 to get out here. Reports are in circula- 
tion here that tickets for N. York are $300 & I with 
many others have made up my mind to stay until spring. 
If I get very homesick perhaps I may take a 
sailing vessel. In either case I shall probably write you 
from San Francisco. 

Oct. 5th 1851. 
if you can give me any information about 
those who have taken the new route home I should be 
glad. I mean Vanderbelts via Lake Nicaragua, how it 
compares with the land transit by Panama. 



HISTORY OF THE TOff'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 383 

APPENDIX XX 

CAPT. MERCATOR COOPER'S VOYAGE TO JAPAN 

(By F. C. Winslow, M. D., published in the "Sea- 
men's Friend," of Honolulu, Oahu, S. I., Feb. 2, 1846. 
Vol. IV, No. 3. Dr. Winslow, who received this story 
from Capt. Cooper's own mouth, said that it might be 
wholly relied upon for truthfulness.) 

"It was about the first of April (1845) as Capt. Coo- 
per was proceeding toward the whaling regions of the 
northern ocean, that he passed in the neighborhood of 
St. Peter's a small island lying a few degrees S. E. of 
Nippon. It was comparatively barren and supposed to 
be uninhabited; but being near it, Capt. Cooper thought 
he would explore the shore for turtle to afford his ship's 
company some refreshment. 

"^^ hile tracing the shore along he discovered a 
pinnace of curious construction which resembled some- 
what those he had seen in the China Seas. 

"Turning his walks inlands he entered a valley, 
where he unexpectedly saw, at some distance from him, 
several persons in uncouth dresses, who appeared 
alarmed at his intrusion, and immediately fled to some 
more secluded part of the valley. He continued his walk 
and soon came to a hut, where were collected eleven 
men, whom he afterward found to be Japanese. As he 
approached them, they came forward and prostrated 
themselves to the earth before him, and remained on 
their faces some time. They were much alarmed and 
expected to be destroyed, but Capt. Cooper, with great 
kindness reconciled them to his presence, and learned 
by signs that they had been shipwrecked on St. Peter's 
many months before. He took them to the shore, 
pointed to his vessel and informed them that he would 
take them to Jeddo, if they would entrust themselves to 
his care. They consented with great joy; and abandon- 
ing everything they had on the island, embarked with 
him immediately for his ship. 



S84 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMPTON 

"Capt. Cooper determined to proceed at once for 
Jeddo, the capital of the Japanese luiipire, notwithstand- 
ing its well-known regulations prohibiting American and 
other foreign vessels to enter its waters. The Captain 
had two great and laudable objects in view. The first 
was to restore the shipwrecked strangers to their homes. 
The other was to make a strong and favorable impres- 
sion on the government, in respect to the civilization of 
the United States, and its friendly disposition to the Em- 
peror and people of Japan. How he succeeded in the 
latter object the sequel will show; and I will make but 
few remarks either on the benevolence or boldness of 
Capt. Cooper's resolution, or its ultimate consequence 
touching the intercourse of Japan with other nations. 
The step decided upon however, has led to some curious 
and interesting information relative to the country, 
whose institutions and the habits of whose people are 
but little known to the civilized world. 

"Capt. Cooper left St. Peter's, and after sailing a 
day or two in the direction of Nippon, he descried a huge 
and shapeless object on the ocean, which proved to be a 
Japanese ship or 'junk' as these vessels are called, 
wrecked and in a sinking condition. She was from a port 
on the extreme north of Nippon, with a cargo of pickled 
salmon, bound for Jeddo. She had been shattered and 
dismantled some weeks previous, and was drifting about 
the ocean at the mercy of the winds, and, as a gale arose 
the following day, the Captain thinks she must have 
sunk. From this ship he took eleven men more — all 
Japanese — and made sail again for the shores of Nippon. 
Among the articles taken from the wreck by its officers, 
were some books and a chart of the principal islands 
composing the Empire of Japan. This chart I shall 
speak of m detail, hereafter; and it is, perhaps, one of 
the most interesting specimens of geographical art and 
hterature which has ever wandered from the shores of 
Eastern Asia. 

"In making the land, our navigator found himself 
considerably to the north of Jeddo; but approaching 
near the coast, he landed in his boat, accompanied by one 
or two of his passengers. Here he noticed many of the 



HISTURY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMFTUN 385 

inhabitants employed in fishing at various distances from 
land. The natives he met on shore were mostly fisher- 
men, and all appeared to belong to the common or lov\'er 
classes of society. They seemed intelligent and happy, 
were pleased with his visit and made no objection to 
his landing. 

"From this place he dispatched one of his passen- 
gers to the Emperor, who was at Jeddo, with the intelli- 
gence of his intention or wish, to enter the harbor of the 
Capital with his ship, for the purpose of landing the men 
whom he had found under such distressing circum- 
stances, and to obtain water and other necessaries to 
enable him to proceed on his voyage. He then returned 
to his ship, and sailing along the coast for many leagues, 
compared his own charts with the one taken from the 
wreck. The winds becoming unfavorable, however, he 
was driven away from the land so far, that after they 
changed, it took him a week to recover a position near 
the place where he first landed. 

"He went on shore again, dispatched two other pas- 
sengers to the Capital with the same information that he 
had previously sent, and the reasons of his detention. . 

"He sailed again for Jeddo and the winds proving 
auspicious, in due time he entered the mouth of the bay, 
deep within which the city is situated. 

"As he sailed along the passage a barge met him 
coming from the city, in command of a person who, from 
his rich dress, appeared to be an officer of rank and 
consequence. 

"This personage informed him that his messenger 
had arrived at court, and that the Emperor had granted 
him permission to come up to Jeddo with his ship. He 
was, however, directed to anchor under a certain head- 
land for the night, and the next morning was towed up 
to his anchorage within a furlong of the city. 

"The ship was immediately visited by a great num- 
ber of people of all ranks, from the Governor of Jeddo 
and the high officers attached to the person of the Em- 
peror, arrayed in golden and gorgeous tunics, to the 
lowest menials of the government, clothed in rags. All 
were filled with an insatiable curiosity to see the Strang- 



386 HISTORY OF THE TOfVN Of SOUTHAMFTON 

ers, and inspect the thousand novelties presented to 
their view. 

"Capt. Cooper was very soon informed by a native 
interpreter who had been taught Dutch, and who could 
speak a few words of English, but who could talk still 
more intelligently by signs, that neither he or his crew 
would be allowed to go out of the ship, and that if they' 
should attempt it, they would be put to death. This 
fact was communicated by the very significant symbol 
of drawing a naked sword across the throat. 

"The Captain dealt kindly with all, obtained their 
confidence, and assured them he had no inclination to 
transgress their laws, but only desired to make known 
to the Emperor and the great officers of Japan, the 
kindly feelings of himself and the people of America 
toward them and their countrymen. 

"The Japanese seamen who had been taken from 
the desolate island, and from the wreck, when parting 
from their preserver, manifested the warmest affection 
and gratitude for his kindness. They clung to him and 
shed many tears. The scene, the report of the ship- 
wrecked men, of the many kindnesses they had received 
— and the uniformly prudent and amicable deportment 
of the American captain made a very favorable impres- 
sion on the Governor of Jeddo. During his stay this 
great dignitary treated him with the most distinguished 
civility and kindness. 

"But neither Captain or crew of the Manhattan 
were allowed to go over her side. Officers were kept on 
board continually to prevent any infraction of this regu- 
lation, and the more securely to insure its maintenance, 
and prevent all communication with the shore, the ship 
was surrounded and guarded by three circular barriers 
of boats. Each circle was about one hundred feet asun- 
der, and the inner one about one hundred feet from the 
;hip. In the first circle the boats were tied to a hawser 
so compactly that their sides touched each other, and 
that nothing could pass between or break through them. 
The sterns of the boats were next the ship, and in these 
were erected long lances, and other steel weapons of 
various and curious forms, such as are never seen or 



HISTORY OF THE TOH'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 387 

heard of among European nations. Sometimes they 
were covered with lacquered sheaths, at others they 
were left to glisten in the sun, apparently for the pur- 
pose of informing the foreigners that their applit^ation 
would follow any attempt to pass them. Among these 
were mingled flags and banners of various colors and 
devices. 

"In the middle of this circle, between the Manhat- 
tan and the city, was stationed a large junk, in which 
the officers resided, who commanded the guard sur- 
rounding the ship. The boats composing the second 
circle were not so numerous, and those in the third were 
more scattered still; but the number thus employed 
was almost bewildering to look upon. They amounted 
to nearly a thousand, and were all armed and orna- 
mented in a similar manner. 

"It was a scene of the most intense interest and 
amusement to the Americans, the most of whom had 
never heard of the strange custom of this secluded and 
almost unknown people. As magnificent and wonderful 
a spectacle, however, as this vast array of boats pre- 
sented during the day, decorated with gaudy banners 
and with glittering spears, in the night it was exceeded 
by a display of lanterns in such countless numbers, and 
of such shapes and transparencies, as almost to entrance 
the beholders, and to remind them of the magic in the 
Arabian Tales. 

"The character and rigor of the guard stationed about 
the ship was at one time accidentally put to a test. 

"The Captain- wnshing to repair one of his boats 
attempted to lower it from the cranes to the water, in 
order to take it in over the vessel's side. All of the Jap- 
anese on board immediately drew their swords. The 
officer in charge of the deck guard appeared greatly 
alarmed at the procedure, remonstrated kindly, but with 
great earnestness against it, and declared to Capt. Coo- 
per that they should be slain if they permitted it, and 
that his own head w^ould be in danger, if he persisted 
in the act. The Captain assured the officer that he had 
no intention to go ashore and explained to him clearly 
what his object was. \\'hen it was fully understood 



388 HISTORY OF THE TO/TN OF SOUTH AM HON 

great pleasure was manifested by the Japanese officer. 
He commanded the crew who were managing the boat 
to leave it and set a host of his menials to the work, 
who took it into the ship without allowing it to touch 
the water. 

"The Manhattan was at anchor in the harbor of 
Japan for four da)s during which time the Captain 
was supplied by command of the Emperor with wood, 
water, rice, rye in the grain, vegetables of various kinds, 
and some crockery composed of the lacquered ware of 
the country. He was recruited with everything he 
stood in need, and all remuneration was refused. But 
he was told explicitly never to come again to Japan, 
for if he did, he would greatly displease the Emperor. 
During the four days he had many conversations with 
the Governor, and other persons of rank, through their 
interpreter. In one of these he was informed by the 
Governor that the only reason he was allowed to remain 
in the waters of Japan was because the Emperor felt 
assured that he could not be a bad-hearted foreigner, 
by his having come so far out of his way to brmg poor 
persons to their native country, who were wholly 
strangers to him. He was told that the Emperor 
thought well of his 'heart' and had consequently com- 
manded all his officers to treat him with marked at- 
tention, and to supply all his wants. The day before he 
left the Emperor sent him his autograph, as the most 
notable token of his own respect and consideration. It 
is often said that the greatest men are most careless in 
their chirography, and in this case the imperial hand 
would support the truth of the remark, by the size, the 
boldness of its characters, appeared as if a half-grown 
chicken had stepped into muddy water and then walked 
two or three times deliberately over a sheet of coarse 
paper, than like any other print to which I can imagine 
a resemblance. 

"Among the books taken from the wreck was a 
small one in the form Hke a note book, filled with fig- 
ures of various and eccentric forms, and pictures of 
spears and battle-axes of strange and anomalous pat- 
terns. Under each were characters, probably explana- 



HISTORY OF THE TOM'N OF SOUTHAMPTON 389 

tory of the objects attached to them. Both figure and 
character were neatly and beautifully executed, and 
they presented the appearance of having been issued 
from a press of type copper plate like the plates of as- 
tronomical and other scientific works. This little book 
attracted Capt. Cooper's attention, and excited his cur- 
iosity to such a degree, that, after noticing similar fig- 
ures embroidered in gold on the tunics of the high of- 
ficers, he ventured to inquire their explanation. He 
then learned that it was a kind of an illustration of the 
heraldry of the Empire — a record of the armorial en- 
signs of the different ranks of officers and the nobility 
existing in the country. Capt. Cooper allowed me to 
examine this book, and it appeared to me to be a great 
curiosity, both as a specimen of typographical art, and 
giving us information of the numerous grades of Jap- 
anese aristocracy, and the insignia by which they may 
be distinguished. These figures were wrought always 
on the back of the officer's tunic, and the weapon which 
appertained to his rank corresponded with the one 
drawn under the ensign in the book alluded to. Each 
grade of officer commanded a body of men whose 
weapons were of a particular and given shape, and 
those weapons were used by no others under an officer 
of different grade, or w^earing a different badge on his 
tunic. 

"In conversation with the Governor, when the lat- 
ter told our navigator that he must never come to 
Japan again, Capt. Cooper asked him how he would like 
him to act under the same circumstanf^es. The Gov- 
ernor was somewhat disconcerted — shrugged his shoul- 
ders — and evaded by replying that 'he must not come 
again!' Capt. Cooper then asked him Tf he should 
leave his countrymen to starve or drown, when it was 
in his power to take them from another wreck?' He 
intimated that it would please the Emperor more for 
them to be left than for strangers to visit his dominions. 
Capt. Cooper told him that he would never see them 
drown or starve, but should rescue them and feed them; 
and then inquired what he should do with them. The 
Governor replied 'carry them to some Dutch port, but 



390 HlsrURY OF THE TOtVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

never come to Japan again.' This was all spoken by the 
Governor with mildness but with firmness also, as if 
he uttered the imperial will. The Governor of Jeddo 
is represented to be a grave and elderly looking man, 
somwhat grey, with a remarkably intelligent and be- 
nignant countenance and of very mild and prepossess- 
ing manners. He appeared interested with Capt. Coo- 
per's account of the people and civilization of America, 
and the latter spared no pains to leave a good impres- 
sion of the American name and character, especially as 
a trading people, on the minds of those high officers 
whose position might carry them into audience with 
their sovereign. 

"The day Capt. Cooper left the country the inter- 
preter gave him an open letter written in the Dutch 
language, with a bold and skillful hand — Mr. Lingren, 
the clerk in the Consulate, a gentleman learned in many 
languages of Northern Europe, has translated it, and 
stated to me the leading ideas contained therein. The 
document informs the world that the bearer of it has 
furnished assistance to Japanese sailors in distress, and 
had brought them to their native land — and then coiu 
mands all Dutchmen, who may encounter him ship- 
wrecked and in want, to afford him similar services. It 
further declares for the information of Holland and 
China, the only nations in the world with which they 
have any commercial treaty, or who are allowed within 
the waters of the Empire, that the persons within the 
foreign ship had been allowed no communication with 
the shore, and had been strictly debarred from all 
knowledge of the commodities or commerce of the 
country. Furthermore, that the foreign ship had been a 
long time at sea, and become destitute of wood, water 
and provisions, and that the government had furnished 
the recruits of which she was in need. 

"It was early in April when Capt. Cooper visited 
Japan; and he represents the climate and appearance of 
the country to be pleasant and lovely in the extreme. 
Wherever he inspected the coast, the whole earth 
teemed with the most luxurious verdure. Every acre 
of hill and dale appeared to be in the highest state of 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMPTON 391 

cultivation. Where the eminences were too steep for 
cultivation, for the agricultural genius of the inhalii- 
tants, they were formed into terraces, so that for miles 
together, they presented the appearance of hanging 
gardens. 

"Numerous white, neat-looking dwellings studded 
the whole country. Some of them were so charmingly 
situated on sloping hillsides, and sequestered amidst 
foliage of a fresh and living green, that the delighted 
mariners almost sighed to transplant their homes there 
— the spots were so sunny, so inviting, so peaceful. The 
whole appearance of the landscape indicated a denre 
and industrious population. Around the Capital, the 
signs of culture were exhibited as in the country further 
north. 

"The city, itself, was so filled with trees and foliage, 
that not houses enough could be distinguished to indi- 
cate with certainty that a city existed, or to allow the 
circuit of it to be defined. The buildings were white 
and rather low, and no towers or temples were seen 
peering above the other edifices. 

"The harbor of Jeddo presented a maritime pop- 
ulation as numerous and industrious as appears to exist 
on the land. Vessels of all sorts and sizes, from mere 
shallops to immense junks, were under sail or at anchor, 
wherever the eye turned on the bay. Jeddo seemed to 
be the mart of a prodigious coastwise commerce, and 
the whole sea was alive with the bustle and activity ap- 
pertaining to it. 

"The Japanese, from Capt. Cooper's observations, 
are rather a short race of men, square built and solid 
and do not possess Mongolian features to the extent 
exhibited in the Chinese. They are of a light olive 
complexion, are intelligent, polite and educated. 

"The dresses of the common people were wide 
trousers and a loose garment of blue cotton. Digni- 
taries and persons of consequence were clothed in rich 
silks, profusely embroidered with gold and silken thread 
of various colors. 

"Some of these personages were so splendidly at- 
tired, as to excite the great admiration of the foreigrn 



392 HJHTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTH AM FTON 

visitors. No woolen fabric composed any part of their 
tunic, but of this material they seemed particularly cur- 
ious, and examined it with great attention. It seemed 
a great novelty, and all the small pieces they could ob- 
tain were solicited and taken on shore as objects of 
curiosity. 

"But the map of which I spoke in the early part of 
this communication is perhaps one of the most inter- 
esting illustrations of Japanese civilization which has 
come into our possession. It embraces the island of 
Nippon, all the islands south of it, and a small part of 
Jeddo on the north. It is four feet long, and nearly as 
broad, and when folded up resembles a common church 
music book, handsomely bound in boards. As will be 
perceived, the islands are projected on an uncommonly 
large scale, the minutest indentations in the coast, with 
all the trading ports, large and small, are laid down, 
apparently after actual surveys. Capt. Cooper found 
the coast which he followed to be correctly dehneated 
by his astronomical observations, and his own charts 
of Nippon were altogether erroneous. The tracks of 
the coast-wise trade are traced throughout the whole 
group, from Jesso to Nagasaki. But the most interest- 
ing part of this production is the topography of the in- 
terior of the islands. They are laid out in districts and 
variously colored, like the states in our RepubHc, in 
Mitchell's map. The smallest villages are denoted and 
named. The residence of the governor in each district, 
and other public estabhshments occupying less ground 
are also dehneated. They are all in enclosures of differ- 
ent shape and coloring, and from the uniformity of these 
in appearance and number, in every district, we may 
suppose that the administration of the government of 
Japan, is conducted with great system. 

"This is in accordance with our previous knowledge 
of the country. The rivers, even their smallest tribu- 
taries are all traced to their sources. The number and 
extent of these streams is surprising. No country of 
its size can be more abundently watered than Nippon. 
The streams are so numerous, that the whole interior 
has the appearance of being irrigated by countless ca- 



HISTORY OF THE TOffN OF SOUTHAMPTON 393 

nals, but they are evidently river channels, and can all 
be followed from their sources in the valleys to their 
junction with each other and their termination in the 
sea. The public roads are exceedingly numerous, in- 
tersecting the whole country from shore to shore, and 
indicating a vast amount of travel throughout the em- 
pire. In several parts, high mountains are laid down 
in dark coloring. These occur occasionally in small 
groups and occupy but little space. The general ap- 
pearance of the country is that of bold and lofty hills 
alternating with great numbers of broad valleys. All 
pour forth rills and fertilize the earth as they fiow 
along, and afford a thousand advantages and encourage- 
ments to an industrious population engaged like the 
Japanese in agriculture and commercial arts. The 
whole empire swarms with towns and hamlets. It is 
almost impossible to conceive its populousness without 
an inspection of the map. 

"On one side of the sheet is a large amount of un- 
intelligible writing which appears to be explanatory 
of the figures, characters, roads, etc., delineated in the 
different districts on the map. If interpreted, it might 
furnish us with much novel information. 

"This map, with several other articles in Capt. 
Cooper's possession, was accidentally left in the ship by 
the Japanese. They desired to give him many things 
which they perceived were interesting to him, but they 
assured him they would be in danger of losing their 
heads should the Emperor learn that they had furnished 
strangers with any means of information relative to 
their country or its institutions. They showed great 
and real alarm on this subject and concealed and de- 
stroyed many things as they neared Jeddo, which had 
.been about the ship. Capt. Cooper took no advantage 
of their dependent situation, but allowed them to fol- 
low their own inclinations in all respects. 

"Having laid at anchor for four days and replen- 
ished his stores of wood, water, etc., he signified his 
readiness to depart, but the winds were adverse, and it 
was impossible for him to get to sea. There seemed to 
be no disposition manifested by the government to 



394 HISTORY OF THE TOffN Of SOUTHAMPTON 

force him away, but there was none for him to remain 
a moment beyond the time when his wants had been 
satisfied. A head wind and the tide presented no im- 
pediments to going away from Japan, in the mind of 
the Governor of Jeddo. At his command, the anchor 
was weighed, and a Hne of boats was attached to the 
bow of the ship, so long that they could not be num- 
bered. They were arranged four abreast, proceeded 
in the greatest order, and were supposed to amount to 
nearly a thousand. It was an immense train, and pre- 
sented a spectacle to the eyes of the seamen, approach- 
ing the marvelous. 

"The boats, instead of being propelled by rowing, 
or paddle, were all sculled by a single oar, employed, 
however, by several men. In this manner the Manhat- 
tan was towed twenty miles out to sea, and the officer 
in charge of the fleet would have taken her a greater 
distance, had not further aid been declined. 

"The Japanese then took a courteous leave of Capt. 
Cooper, and while the long train of barges wheeled with 
a slow and graceful motion toward the shore, the Capt. 
spread his sails for the less hospitable regions of Kams- 
chatka and the N. W. coast, highly gratified with the 
result of his adventure among this recluse, but highly 
civilized people." 



HISTORY Ot THE TUH'N OF SOUTHAMFTON 



395 



APPENDIX XXI 

LIST OF SOLDIERS AND SAILORS IN CIVIL WAR 

The following are the names of persons who en- 
gag-ed in the military and naval service of the United 
States, in the War of the Rebellion, from the Town of 
Southampton, (including whole village of Sag Harbor). 
[See also T. R. Vol. IV p. 335 et seq.. Hedges Centen- 
nial Address, and contemporary newspapers.] 
Armstrong, Robert Bennett William W. 

Arch, Ephraim Burke, John W 

Atkins, William ?"l^"^"^St'i''p 

Aldershaw, Thos. H. Bishop, Charles R. 

Boyenton, John W. 

Babcock, Gilbert R. 

Bailey, Wm. B. 

Byron, John 

Brown, V/illiam H. 

Bakeman, James 

Barclay, James H. 

Bechtel, Andrew J. 

Benedict, Robert F. 

Brown, Charles H. 

Beebe, Daniel 

Benedict, Robt. J. 

Brown, Charles L. 

Brooker, John R. 

Bacon, James H. 

Bill, Edward 

Brown, David E. 

" Brennant, Alexander 

Bemabo, Joseph 

Bernhardt, Geo. H. 

Betts, John 

Bitser, Constantine L. 

Bell, Geo. A. 

Brudgeworth, Fred. 

Brudgeworth, Henry 

Brackley, James H. 

Bradley, John B. 

Bolloini, Vincerizo 

Bennett, James M. 

Baxter, Francis 

Brewin, George 

Bears, Orlando 

Babcock, Lodowick 

Bill, Robert 

Brown, David E. 

Bachelor, Josephs S. 

Boyenton, John W. 

Beckwith, Thomas 



Bishop, Wm. N. 
Brooker, William N. 
Bone, Joseph S. 
Beckitt, Andrew 
Brown, Silas E. 
Bone, John J. 
Bogue, Andrew B. 
Baker, Henry L. 
Brewer, Nathan 
Crowell, Stephen H. 
Chester, William 
Conklin, John A. 
Collet, William H. 
Conklin, William C. 
Corey, William 
Corey, Joseph H. 
Cochran, Jas. 
Corey, Joseph H. 
Carroll, Thomas 
Cook, Charles P. 
Corey, Henry J. 
Cosman, Edward 
Canning, Michael 
Colla, Guisippe 
Carroll, Michael 
Cooper, James H. - 
Coleman, Patrick 
Clenken, John 
Crown, Arthur 
Cornell, John 
Caffer, Frank 
Curban, Charles 
Crocker, Marshall 
Creery, James 
Collins, Patrick 
Comelle, John C. 
Corwin, John L. 
Chester, Wm. H. 



390 



HISTORY OF THE TOM^N Of SOUTHAMFTON 



CuUum, Richard 
Carroll, John 
Carroll, Thomas 
CoUum, Sam'l P. 
Conklin, William 
Cook, Edward D. 
Corcoran, James 
Conner, Hickford 
Conklin, H. T. 
Conklin, George 
Conklin, John 
Craven, John 
Colvin, Samuel B. 
Crowell, Benjamin H. 
Culver, George 
Dow^el, Michael 
Dimon, Nathan H. 
Downs, James A. 
Dayton, Andrew 
Dayton, Chas. W. 
Downs, George W. 
Divine, John 
Downs, John 
Dunham, Dwight F. 
DeBevoise, Abraham 
Davlin, James J. 
Drumm, Thaddeous 
Dwyer, Philip 
Dominara, John P. 
Dillon, David 
Drew, John 
•Derain, Patrick 
Dickinson, Charles 
Dicks, John 
Dillon, Edward 
Dillon, Henry 
Dow, Michael 
Dowd, William 
Edwards, Charles N. 
Ellison, John 
Edwards, Charles M. 
Edwards, Roger 
Ellsworth, Robert M. 
Elliston, Joshua 
Enos, Abraham 
Elliston, Joseph 
Endman, Frederick W. 
Edwards, Edmond B. 
Edwards, Charles W. 
Edwards, Orlando S. 
Edwards, Oliver S, 
Edwards, Benj. W. 
Edwards, Chas. Dix 
Edwards, Silas C. 
Edwards, Lewis J. 
Edwards, Eli H. 



Edwards, Henry L. 
Edwards, Henry G. 
Edwards, Marcus B. 
Eldredge, George A. 
Ellsworth, Jesse 
Edwards, James L. 
Edwards, Elbert P. 
Fosbert, Albert 
Foster, William B. 
Foster, Josiah 
Fanning, Wesley 
Foster, Austin A. 
Foster, James B. 
Fordred, Wm. J., Jr. 
Fordred, Drayson 
Frederick, Charles A. 
Farley, James 
French, Charles 
Fay, John 
Fitzgerald, James 
Francis, Romagnola 
Francis, Roger A. 
French, Peter 
Fordham, Elbert 
Finkenauer, Geo. E. 
Fordham, Chas. H. 
Gough, John D. 
Green, James M. 
Green, James R. 
Gordon, Daniel D. 
Goodman, James D, 
Goodall, Charles E. 
Goodall, James M. 
Gregory, Dennis 
Griffing, James E. 
Griffing, Sidney 
Griffing, Sidney S. 
Germain, John 
Green, Charles 
Garcia, Artema 
Gilmore, Robt. J. 
Gleason, G. H. 
Gonsales, Peter 
Garaghan, Henry T. 
Gilmore, Robert 
Green, Henry 
Gorman, John 
Halsey, Cornelius 
Hall, Wm. H. 
Halsey, Elmer E. 
Howell, Samuel W. 
Haines, Theodore F. 
Hand, Edwin C. 
Hayes, William 
Hand, Orlando 
Humphries, Arthur 



HISTORY OF THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMFTON 



397 



Halsey, Oliver 
Halsey, Albert A. 
Hildreth, Oscar A. 
Howell, John H. 
Haverstrite, Chas. 
Henry, Robert 
HoAvland, Dennis J. 
Howell, Isaac 
Hand,- George M. 
Hedges, J. Lodowick 
IHldreth, Isaac N. 
Homan, Gilbert 
Howell, John 
Havens, Joseph A. 
Howell, James L. 
Havens, Austin 
Howell, James R. 
Harris, Joseph C. 
Harris, William P. 
Howell, William G. 
Howell, Henry B. 
Havens, Henry H. 
Howell, Gilder 
Halsey, Charles E. 
Halsey, E. Sidney 
Halsey, Silas E. 
Havertrite, Charles B. 
Hennessey, James 
Hildreth, Isaac N. 
Handy, Aaron 
Hall, William H. 
Hedges, Lyman G. 
Hennigar, Charles W. 
Howland, Edson 
Hines, George 
Held, Elchard 
Hennis, Michael 
Hennigar, Chas. 
Halsey, William M. 
Homan, Charles E. 
Howell, Orlando 
Havens, Charles 0. 
Havens, Charles C. 
Havens, Ripley 
Hand, Samuel 
Hunt, Edgar Z. 
Huntting, Henry H, 
Holton, William C. 
Harris, Charles C. 
Halsey, Jesse C. 
Halsey, Elmer E. 
Halsey, Charles 
Halsey, Albert N. 
Halsey, Henry 
Hunker, Flora 
Haley, Dennis 



Hand, STiamgar 
Hallock, L'ranklin B. 
Hallock, Benjamin F. 
Howland, Erastus 
Ingraham, Henry 
Jessup, Edmund A. 
Jessup, Charles L. 
Johnson, Thomas 
Jessup, Samuel D. 
Jewett, William 
Jaggar, Oscar L. 
Jessup, William P. 
Jacobs, Joseph W. 
Jackson, Charles A. 
Jacobs, John H. 
Jennings, Gilbert W. 
Jessup, John H. 
Jacobs, William S. 
Jackson, Barzillai 
Jacobson, Terence 
Jacobson, Hector 
Jacobs, William T. 
Jones, John 
Johnson, Alonzo 
Jones, Robert 
Jones, William 
Jackson, Francis 
Johnson, George 
Jennings, James T. 
Johnson, Rufus 
Jagger, Wm. S. 
Ketcham, Henry 
Kennedy, Patrick 
Ketcham, Darius N. 
King, Henry B. 
King, Harvey B. 
Kine, Bernard 
Kitson, John 
Knapp, D. Edward 
Kingsland, Oscar R. 
King, Parker D. 
Knapp, George M. 
King, George C. 
King, Horace 
Kelly, Edward 
King, Charles 
King, Wilson B. 
Lears, G. 
Liscomb, Joseph 
Loper, Henry J. 
Ix)per, Benjamin 
Loper, Abraham B. 
Loper, Thomas S. 
Loper, Thos. A. 
Luiges, Grain 
Lacy, George W. 



398 



HISTORY OF THE TOIVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 



Lautenchlager, Adol 
Linden, Franz 
Lyons, James 
Larkens, James 
Loper, Geoi-ge 
Lynch, Michael 
Lovejoy, John F. 
Loper, Charles L. 
Lowen, William, Jr. 
Ludlow, Chauncey 
Ludlow, Silas 
Leek, David C. 
Loper, Henry 
Loper, Oscar 
Montcalm, John A. 
Moore, Henry 
McGloc, John 
Moore, Thomas 
Mooney, Francis J. 
Marran, Thomas 
Miller, Nathaniel J. 
Miller, Geo. 
Miller, Abraham 
Miller, A. H. 
Meigs, Edgar C. 
Marren, Thomas 
McDonald, Charles 
Mayer, David 
Murphy, James 
McCarthy, Michael 
Merton, Charles 
Morris, John 
Moulton, Willard R. 
Mallay, John 
McGrath, John 
Murphy, William 
Morin, Peter 
Mann, William 
Moore, Thomas 
McMinn, William 
Morris, George C. 
Miller, Eleazar D. 
Miller, Wm. B. 
Miller, Charles 
Mooney, John F. 
Morgan, Henry 
McDonald, Michael 
Miller, Nathaniel 
McGuirk, John 
Mullen, James 
McMahon, John 
McGuirk, Frank 
Myers, Anthony 
Nicoll, Theodore 
Noonan, Darius 
Oldershaw, A. E. 



Overton, Richard H. 
Overton, Edward N. 
Osgood, George 
O'Brien, Henry 
O'Connor, James 
Pierson, N. H. 
Payne, Charles 
Pierson, Enoch 
Pierson, Alson 
Parker, Giles 
Pollard, George H. 
Pedro, Joseph 
Pigeon, George 
Pavne, Thomas B. 
Polley, William L. 
Pierson, David 
Pye, William C. 
Penny, Alexander H. 
Payne, Jeremiah 
Post, James H. 
Pigeon, Stephen 
Perea, Jacquin 
Parblau, Thomas M. 
Parker, Charles 
Parker, Frank 
Payton, James 
Phillips, William E. 
Payne, Robert H. 
Pavne, Charles C. 
Phillips, Clinton R. 
Pounder, Edward 
Pierson, Alonzo 
Pierson Alanson 
Payne, Elisha H. 
Payne, Elias R. 
Perkins, George 
Parker, Henry 
Payne, Benj. S. 
Payne, Charles 
Potter, John 
Polley, Samuel M. 
Payne, Huntting M. 
Payne, Lafayette H. 
Quinn, John 
Riker, Frederic 
Redfield, Charles 
Rhody, Hugh 
Ryder, William H. 
Ryland, William 
Rose, Frederick H. 
Rogers, Benjamin F. 
Raynor, John W. 
Raynor, William C. 
Roberts, Edward P. 
Robinson, John G. 
Reid, H. A. 



HISTORY Of THE TOHN OF SOUTHAMFTON 



3i9 



Regan, Robt. 
Robinson, James T. 
Rudd, John 
Rose, Edwin 
Robinson, George G. 
Reney, John, Jr. 
Roe, Thomas 
Redfield, Charles A. 
Redfield, Henry J. 
R'ine Peter 
Riley, James 
Riley, John 
Rafferty, John 
Reely, Edward 
Roberts, Edward P. 
Riley, Peter 
Robinson, Floyd 
Rugg-, George B. 
Rogers, David J. 
Reason, Thomas 
Rhodes, Sidney 
Rogers, Charles N. 
Ready, James 
Snooks. John 
Sylve, Joseph 
Snuires, Stephen 
Schafer, Christy 
Sandford, Henry H. 
Squires, Henry 
Sears, George H. 
Stanley, William 
Squires, George P, 
Sayre, James S. 
Sayre, Matthew H. 
Skidmore, Henry A. 
Smith, Francis 
Stevens, Edv/ard 
Squires, Edward L. 
Strong, James M. 
Sauires, George P. 
Short, John 
Sterhani, Cesar- 
Smith, Martin 
Smith, Peter 
Savage, Henry A. 
S'weezy, Richard M. 
Seabury, Jacob 
Sisart, Francis 
Snow, Elisha 
Stanbrough, Isaac 
Shennan, George R. 
SheiTnan, George B. 
Schellinerer, George R. 
Smith, John C. 
Strong, Chas. H. 
Smith, Geo. W. 



Stanbrough, James 
Stanton, Oscar F. 
Stanton, Jos. B. 
Sp^acer, Daniel 
Sythes, William 
Strong, Thos. H. 
Sherrill, David S. 
Sylviera, Wm. W. 
Squires, Charles 
Stevens, Hiram 
TuUy, Walter 
Tinker, Chas. W. 
Tuttle, John A. 
Tuttle, George H. 
Terrell, LaFayette 
Tuttle, William J. 
Topping, Wm. Owen 
Topping, M. Howell 
Terry, Jesse A. 
Terry, James B. 
Talmage, William H. 
Topping, Edward 
Taylor, Peter 
Tompkins, James 
Taylor, Thomas G. 
Todds, Henry 
Taylor, Edward C. 
Thompson, Wilbert F. 
Tuttle, Noah P. 
Tuttle, Cyrus D. 
Talmage, William H. 
Thatford, Henry C. 
Topping, Albert E. 
Topping, James R. 
VanHouten, James A. 
VanNess, Adolphus 
Wright, Nathan H. 
Worthingtcn, Edwin D. 
Warner, S. W. 
Warner, Thos. 
Warner, Wm. H. 
Woods, David 
Wai^h, Nicholas 
Williams, Harry 
"Wade, Charles B. 
Webb, Job 
Wines, Hiram W. 
Welch, Jam.es 
Woodward, Alfred 
Weed, George A. 
Warren, Timothy 
Whittle, Peter 
WiUiams, William F. 
Wadley, Fredric J. 
Wadley, Joseph 
Whitney, Charles 



400 HISTORY Of THE TUlVN OF SOUTHAMFTON 

Whitney, George Winters, George W. 

Ware, George W. Williamson, Wm. N. 

Wick, William H. Williamson, Edward J. 

Walker, John H. Wynch, Michael 

White, Hurbert A. Willis, Charles 

White, Peter, Jr. Willis, William 

Wells, Morgan L. Weeks, George 

Wanns, Alfred Winters, William S. 

Wiley, Henry J. Youngs, John F. 
Wilkinson, Joseph H. 



INDEX 

NOTE— Individual names are entered, however spelled In early 
records under lamily names as spelled to-day. Names of ships are 
Ueated o^ course, as units, e. g.. W. W. Coit as an inidvidual is mdexed 
under C . as a shin it is found indexed under W. 



Acadians . ••••••• ; • ■ V boc" 

Acasta 237-322-32 4-.26-328-^^^ 

Acohack River • • 1 

Ackley. F ^^' 

Adams, J. Q oqI tt 

Adventure. 123 et seq, 294 et 

seq. .. 

A?awam ■• -^^ 

Aareement, Fordham ^'o 

■ Woolworth 287 et seq 

Alabnma ;i'^ 

Albany ^i, 

Albany ^^-J 

Albatross • • • •-" 

Alciope •• S^'^'Vqr 

Alder.shaw. Thos H. .... ■■■ i^-^ 
Aldrich. Mrs. J. H ^-"^^IH 

•Tas. H 225 

Alexander ^^^ 

Alknomac ^^° 

Allen, Frank H i|o 

08-Pt oco 

T\'m *^"*^ 

Ama^ansetV 218-350-351 

Amelia ^^' 

America •„•„•„ 

Ampr'ran 320-322-3? J-326- 
Amer.can, 328-330-332-334 

American Fag-le, &c 163 

American House, see Inns. 

Amernian O. V loo 

Amethyst ^-^i 

l^-'.^^l'!; .•.-.•.•. 237:bi8:| 

Andes Shoal ^^•' 

Andrews, Lumun 1&8 

Andros, Gov. " .' .' .■92-m-14i-145 

See also Patents. 
Ann. 324-326-328-330-332-336^^^ 

Ann Mary Ann. 237-334-367-372 

A?atae\fa. '320 -■322 - 32 4 -3 2 6- 

328-330-334-336 



Arabian gold |?0 

i^^^^^fX^^ "'"^18-3201 p 

Armstrong:, Robt ^^^ 

Arch, Ephraim ^^o 

Arnold, Edward ^"2 

William • • • • • • • ^^ '1 

Arsenal, Sag "•••.■ i-l^'HIiSn 
Articles of Association. 166-170 

Artisan • ^H 

Ascension. Island of 1^0 

Atkins. Wm • ^^» 

Atlantic House, see Inns. 

Atlanticville 2S9:344 

Aususta ;.• • V 

Austen's Pond, see Ponds. 

Austin. Ca:U. .Tames 344 

Babbitt. John M ,: v^V 

Babcock, Capt., 328-330-334- 
338-346-340-34S-342-.V6-_^^^ 

Hedges ^^*^i'2 

Gilbert Ji.".'.'. 395 

Lodowick ■o^^k'i^9. 

Babylon ^'-^'Ht 

Bachelor, J. S ^^^ 

Bacon, .James H ^^^ 

Baer, Fancis V --^ 

Bailey. William B ?9S 

Baird. .Tos 1^^^ 

Bakeman. .Tames j;»2 

Baker, .Jonathan -^^ ' 

Daniel 30^ 

Nathan 310 

Fdw M '^"^ 

Cant'. :.■..■.'.■ 330-334-340 

Henry L -o-.i-'oil 

Balaena 346-34b 

Bald HiM ''■" 

Baldwin' Capt.. 334-336-338-3^0 

Banffs. Wm •„•„•?„? 

Banishment aSS'I" « 

Barbadoes ..58-142-143-237-3^9 

Barbara 330-332-331 

Barclay, .Tames H 395 

Barker. Wm. ...77-140-283-286 
Barnard. Capt 314 



402 INDEX 

Barnes (Barns), Wm. ...51-228 

Joshua 90 

Wm. Guthrie 156 

Isaac 310 

Capt 324-328-330 

Earnhardt, John W 158 

Barrett, Richard, 51-97-100-228 

Bartlett, Horace 15S 

Bears, Orlando 395 

Barton, W. H 224 

Baxter, Fancis 395 

Bayard, 324-326-330-332-336- 

338-340-342 

Bay of Islands 3:i9 

Baypoose 14 

Beach, formation 8 

Bear Creek, Cal.. 

371-374-375-376-379-381-382 

Bears i !*- ^ 

Beaver Dam 17 

Beavers 17 

Bechtel, Andrew J 395 

Beckitt, Andrew 395 

Beckwith, Thos S95 

Bedford 173 

Bedford, Eng- 72 

Beebe. Mr 153 

Lester 162 

Thos 162-188 

Jabez 310 

Daniel 395 

Beers, Mrs. Miranda 150 

Daniel 223 

Behring-'s Id 238 

Behrinar Strait 233-238 

Bell, Geo. A 395 

Bellomont, Earl of, 

127-128-130-131-143 

Bellows. Daniel Y 1&7 

Belt, pirates' 129 

Benedict, Robt. F 395 

Robt. J 395 

Benedict's Creek 54-74 

Benjamin, John 307 

Bennett, Wm., Mrs 154 

Wm. S 206 

Benj 309 

Samuel 310 

Capt 328-330-332-336 

Jas. M 395 

Lewis L 330 

W. W 395 

Bernabo. Jos ^ 395 

Bernhardt. Geo. H 395 

Berwind, J. E 14-153-253 

Beswick, John 113 

Betsey 314 

Betts, F. H 25 2 

John 395 

Bill, Edward 395 

Robert 395 

Bill of lading- 1^9 

Binsrham, Amos 223 

Bishop, Josiah 308 

Samuel 30 8 

George 311 

Capt 326-33?-336 

John 328-334 

James 336 

C 367-378 

Jetur .^fi7 

Chas. R 395 

Wm. N 395 

Bitser, C. L 395 



Black Eagle 237-340-342 

. Blackwell, Maj 187 

Blatz, H 224 

Blessing- of the Bay . . .43-44-45 

Bliss, E. W 157 

Block Island 70-125-126 

Blois, Sir John 253 

Bloomingdale 137 

Boardman, Alphonso 363 

Bogart. David S 137 

Bogue, Aaron 156 

Andrew B 395 

Bolloini V 395 

Bonan, Simon 127-128-298 

Bond, Robt 51-228-1229 

David 311 

Bone, J. J "95 

Jos. S 395 

Bonetia Cal 368 

Books, 110 et seq-220-221 

Booth, John F 158 

Borneo 122-124-295 

Bostock, Arthur 51-228 

Boston, 57-91-142-146-154- 

163-165-166 

Bosworth, L. A 223 

Bottome, Francis 22 3 

Boundaries, 1-2-12-50-77-102-150 

Bound trees 102 

Bovard, M. Y 158 

Bowdish, A. C 22 4 

Bower, Daniel 308 

Bowyer (Bover), Steohen, 

26S-269-270-271-272-307 

Boyenton, John W 395 

Brackley, J. H 395 

Bradish, Joseph 123 et seq, 296 

Bradley'' J. B 395 

Branford 55-72-82 

Brant, Sam 244 

Brazil, 160-233-238-315-317- 

319-321-323 

Brazil 316 

Bread, Allen, 46-47-53-257- 

259-260-264-266 

Brennant, Alex 395 

Brewer, Nathan 395 

Brewin, Geo 395 

Brewster, Mr 76 

Bricks . .113 

Bridgehampton Hprbor ....148 
Bridgehampton Milling Co. .153 

Bridges Sag Pond 86-122 

North Haven 148-151-217 

Payne's 151 

Brien. John 224 

Briggs. Capt 330-332-334 

Brooker, John R 395 

Wm. N 395 

Brookhaven 90-121-350 

Brother 213 

Browne, Wm 97-290 

Brown, James 104-138-287 

Mrs. J. B 187 

O. E 223 

Thos., 234-237-326-328-330- 
33 2-33 4-336-338-3 4 0-3 4 2-3 4 4 

Wade & 237 

Henry 312 

Samuel 3i2 

John 322 

Capt., 330-332-334-336-338-342 



INDEX 



.340 
.395 

.3a5 

.395 



,395 
.225-252 
122 



Geo. R 

Wm. H 

Chas. H 

Ch«i^- L. 

David E ^^? 

Silas E • ^^l 

Brudsevvorth. Fred ^»3 

Henry 

Bn neman i ather 

Brushy Plain . 

Bryant, Wm. Cullen ^^0 

Buchanan, Mary • --^ 

Buckskill • • ' noo' ■ 

Budd.John.|34-2|7-30--332-^^^ 

Buell. Saml ^^^"HE 

Mary if^ 

Buffaloes .%i. 

Bull Head 1^^ 

Bunker. Capt o'/'-i^niQR 

Burials ^1-109-136 

Burke, J. W vvlll 

Burnet, Thos ^^'^{\ 

Joel 'l^ 

Mathias \'l% 

Nelpon ^^^ 

David 307 

Aron ?"' 

.Joseoh •„%•.• 

George, 353-357-363-364- 

374-376-377-379 

Burroug-hs, Stephen 219 

Buryin'.^- Gro"nds— 

Sag-aponack Vto- 

Mecox o?\'oe 

Pay Ground oi loc 

Foxabogue %A Ac 

Bridgehampton bl-isb 

Sag Harbor, 147-1SO-154- 
^ 161-173-239 

Southampton 2'i7 

Bushnell, Samuel 158 

Chas 395 

Butler, Fierce ifj 

Byfield, Thos 1^6 

Byram, EHab 1*7 

Byrne, Father 2^^ 

Byron, John 395 

Cadmus, 237-320-322-32 4- 
326 - 328 - 330-332-334-338- 

367-369-372 

Caffer, Frank 39^ 

Calendar • • 47 

Calve"s Creek 9-85 

Cambridge, Mass ''3-299 

Camillus ..2)3-324-326-328-330 

Camp Fdward H ^-Jx 

Camnbell, R. S 223 

Candles 200 

Canning, Capt 332-3:u 

Michael 39o 

Cannon. B'hamnton, 205 et seq. 
Canoe Place, 12-29-41-50-82- 

264-2R6 

Canons Ashby. Eng 81 

Canterbury, Ct 138-175 

PiDe Pon Fsiierance 12rp 

Cape May, N. J 83 

Caoe Nicola Mole 186 

Carleton, Sir Guy 174 

Caroline ...332-336-338-340-342 

Carnenter, Coles 158 

Chas. W 158 



4U3 

Carr, Wm. M 224 

Carroll. Thos %l\ 

Michael ^^^ 

John r 

Carle, Recompence '•^'y}^ 

Carteret Gov • • • • • • • ^'^^ 

Cartwright. CapU^_322-32 1-^^^ 

Carwithey, John Vca'?ar 

Pa<?p Mai B 189-19.^» 

Capt 322-321-326-328-330- 
332-334-336-a3S-340-344- 

Isaac M 32S 

J. M %:% 

Cavanagh, Jas • •■(,;,• ;:^- 

Cedar Island 9-192-23 4 

Cellars • •_• • • 2q 

Centreville, Cal "^'''^ro 

Chambers, Dr. P. F 25 2 

Chapman, David Wr-ll 

Charles II ^''^o 

Charlestown, Mass i"-* 

Charlotte 237-318-3 

Chatfield, Thos 14* 

Chatham, Ct JoO 

Cherry. Rev. J. F 252 

Chesbrow. Will • i^ 

Chester Ct 1'5 

Chester, D. L 1^^ 

Wm 395 

Wm. H 395 

Chimnies W^ 

Church, Chas. H 'JOb 

Churches — 

Presbyterian, S'hamntnn 
46-71 et seq. -104-137- 

172-372-223 -260 
Presbyterian. B'hampton, 

86 et seq-104-138-2M 

Meth. So. H 137-223 

New Light 138 

Presbyterian. Sag H.._^^^_^^^ 

EpL-copal, Sag H. •••156-225 

Baptist. Sag H 157-158 

Methodist. Sag H., 

157-158-225 

Catholic Sag H l"-225 

St. Andrews, So. H.. 205-253 

St. Anns, B. H 219-253 

Methodist. B. H 223-224 

Catholic, So. H 252 

St. John's So. H 253 

Catholic. B. H 253 

Circassian V-iVlW 

Citizen 332-336 

Civil W^ar \\,\-lin 

Clark. Fllmore ^^^ll 

Theodosius 158 

Moses 'Jl^ 

Aaron 1"^ 

Danforth 225 

Georire 2^2 

David 310 

Clarke. Sam"l, 

78-87-279-2 81-283-286-307 

(nirate) 131-113 

Capt 242 

James 307 

John 30 8 

Elinhalet 309 

Claudio 320 

Clenken. John 395 



404 



INDEX 



Clerk of Band 101-107 

Cleveland. Wm. Neal 223 

Cliff Hill 147 

Climate 15 et seq. 

Clinton, Gov 173-179 

Sir ITenry 1J3 

Clinton Academy 15-199 

Clowes. Ernest S -1^ 

Coast Guard 206 

Cochrane. Ma.i. 172-181-lS:i-lSa 

James 395 

Cockenoe 41 

Coe. Robert 56 

Coffingr, Capt 318 

Coleman, P 395 

Coles, Thaddeus 152 

Colla, G 395 

Collet. Wm. H 395 

Collins, Patrick 395 

Colman. Judah 310 

Colonial Assembly 122 

Colonial Society. Southamp- 
ton 51 

Columbia. 322-324-326-328- 

330-332-334-338-344 

Colvin. S. B 396 

Combination with Conn., 70- 

272 et seq. 
Commerce, 140 et seq. -150-154 
Concer, Pyrrhus ...351-377-379 
Concordia. 238-326-328-332- 

334-338-340-342-344-346 

Condict, Walter 223 

Consro 238 

Conklin, 
Conkling, 

Joseph 151-156-233-314 

Elizabeth 156 

Edward 169 

Stephen 198 

S 213 

Father 225 

John 307-396 

Fliackim 307 

Capt 3 40 

J 363 

Mr 364-366 

John A 395 

Wm S9''^ 

H. T 396 

George 396 

Wm. C 395 

Conklin's Point 9-23'i 

Connecticut, 55-70-88-90-91- 
92499-11 9-1 26-1 J 2-1 4 3-173- 

175-177-272 et seq. 
(See also separate towns.) 

Conner, H 396 

Conscience Point 50 

Constable 101-107 

Contra Costa Market 236 

Convent Sacred Heart 225 

Good, Jonathan 198 

Cook, A. M 14-179-193-205 

Ellis, 51-83-84-101-107-114- 

228-279-281 

Aue-ustus ^^ 

Abiel 114-309 

John, 

132-231-31 2-371 -37 i-376-379 
Luther D.. 150-151-157-217- 
234-322-32 4-326-328-330- 

332-334 
Baldwin 206 



Sullivan 224 

& Green 234-334-336-338 

Theophilus 289 

Obadiah 309-310 

Elias 309-312 

Jonathan 309-312-169 

Mitchell 312 

Burnett 312 

Abraham 312 

Stephen 312 

James 312 

Chas. P 395 

Edward D. ' 395 

Coooer, John. 17-16-53-57-.tS- 
76-85-88-91-97-22S-230-23 2- 
259 - 260 - 266-279-281-294- 

307-309 
Thos., 51-57-58-84-1 33-22S- 

230-264-309-312 

Wilbroe 57 

Mary 57 

Martha 57 

Justice 103 

Samuel 132 

James 132-232-308 

J. Fenimore 160-218-237 

Zebulon 174-175 

Abraham 174-232-307 

Phineas M 198 

Caleb 222 

Hunttin?, 234-237-322-324- 
326-328-330-332^33 4-336- 

338-340 

Gilbert H 237-340-342 

Wm 237 

W. & G. H 237-344-346 

Mercator. 244-332-338-340- 

383 et seq 

Josiah 288 

Silas 288 

Simon 310 

Capt., 320-322-324-326-328- 

330 

James H 395 

Coote Jas 158 

Copp, Josenh A 156 

Copsoaa-e Gut 269 

Corcoran, Jas 396 

Corey, David 307 

Corey, Braddock 158 

Wm 395 

Jos. H 395 

Henry J 395 

Cornhury. Lord 142-143-144 

Cornell, John 395 

John C 395 

Corrector 164 

Corwin, Frank W 144 

Jabez 187 

John 307 

H. & N.. 322-324-326-328- 

330-336 

Seth 367 

Cant 330-334-336 

Geo. W 330 

& Howell 332 

Geo 373 

.Tohn L, 395 

Corwith. Henry 85-288 

f=!ee ai=o Carwithey.) 

Dr. S. R 122 

Aue-ustus 182 

William 198 

John 288 

Howell 365 



INDEX 



405 



H 382 

Cory, John 51-228 

Cosman, Kdwaid 395 

Cotton. John 106 

Courtland, Col 127 

Cove, Sag- H 148 

Cow Keepers lO^ 

Cow Neck ■1\ 

Cragr. Dr lip 

Crane Elias N 223 

Cranes -1^ 

Craven, John 396 

Creery. James 395 

Crescent 330-332-386 

Criterion 311 

Crocker. Marshall 395 

Crook, John 367 

Crowell, Joseph 162 

Thos. E 328 

Capt 330-334 

Steohen H 395 

Benj. H 396 

Crown, Arthur 395 

Crown Pt. Expedition 165 

Crozette Ids 331-333-335 

Cuba 238-239 

Cuffee. Wickham 23 

Paul 41 

Bros 219 

Culloden 173 

Cullum, Richd 396 

Sam. P 396 

CuUer. Moses 232 

Gershom 268-308 

Jeremiah 30 8 

Jonathan 308 

George 396 

Cummusky, Father 225 

Curacoa .142-186 

Curhan, Chas 395 

Curran, Father 225 

Cury, E. H 328 

Capt 330-332-334-336 

Custom House, 141-143-144- 

145-146 

Das'srett. Herman 137 

Dains John 288 

Paul 288 

Daly. Chas. P 217 

Daniel Webster, 

324-326-328-330-332-334 

Davenrort, James 138-262 

David Porter 214 

Davis, Fulke 51-228 

John 78-109 

Robert 1B3 

Arthur . . .269-270-271-272-308 

Thos 297 

Zachariah 308 

Davlin, .r. J 396 

Dayton, Ralph 78 

John 198 

Jona 20 4 

Abraham 310 

Andrew 396 

Chas. W 396 

Dean, Wm 223 

Thos 297 

De Bevoise, Abm 3 96 

De Castro, J 154-158 

Decatur Commodore ...19 4-196 
Declaration of the Company, 

48-260 



Deeds — • 

Farret 48-50-261 

Confirmation 50-261-265 

Indian of 16 10, 51-65-67-266 

Indian of 1703 67-268 

P osneck 148 

Deer 17-18 

Deer Creek. Cal.. 363-371-373-3^2 

DeerHeld, Mass 126 

Delta 322-324-326-328-330- 

332-336-338-3 '0 

Den'son, Samuel 225 

Caroline M 225 

Deniston. Fli 158 

Dennison, Father 225 

Capt 326-3.?0 

Sam'l 328 

De Feyster, Col. Abr. ..132-134 

Derain, P 396 

Derby, Cant. S. G 244 

DerinsT, H. T 14 4 

H. P., 141-187-188-189-191- 

192-204 

Mrs. C. T 160 

C. T. & Co., 234-322-32J- 

326-328-332 
C. T., 237-?22-32t-326-328- 

330-332-334-336-338-340 

Capt 330-33 4 

Deucalia 378 

Dexter. Thomas 265 

Diamond 47 

Dibble, Sineus 310 

Dickens, Cant 205 

Dickinson, C. A 2?3 

Chas 396 

Dicks John ?96 

Dillon. David 396 

rdwprd 396 

Henry 396 

Dimon, N. H 396 

Dinpel, Peter 144 

Disposall of the Vessell, 

47-60-2F6 

Divine, John 396 

Division of 1653 12-80 

16J5 12 

1738 12-150 

Forty Acre 122 

1677 122 

Thirty Acre 122 

1712 122 

1680 148 

17^5 151 

1761 151 

Dixon, Wm 158 

Doctors 115 

Dodd. E 215 

Samuel 22 4 

Dodsre, Dr 353 

DoETS 18-19 

Dolphin 233-314 

Dominara. J. P 396 

Donean Gov 92-146 

See r.lso Patents. 

D'Orsay, J. S 224 

Douglas, Wm. L 158 

Josiah ...234-322-324-326-328 

Capt 326 

Dow, Michael 396 

Dowd Wm 396 

Dowel, M 396 

Downs, Jas. A 396 

Geo. W. . . . ; 396 



406 



INDEX 



John 396 

Draco 237 

Drake, Capt 334-338 

Drew, John 396 

Drink (see also Inns), 

76-85-110-149 

Drumm. T 396 

Dubois, H. H 224 

Ducks 17 

Dukes Laws 89 

Dunbar. Capt 348 

Dunham, D. F 396 

Dunster, Mr 362 

Duran. John 308 

Dutch, 21-46-48-49-65-74-79- 

88-90-91-96-186-263-300 

Dutcher, E. H 224 

Duvall, Wm 161 

Dwyer P 396 

Dyer, Mr 145 

Eagle 233-314 

Earmarks 117 

East Cape 238-323-325 

East End House see Inns. 
East Greenwich, Eng'., 

280-282-284 

East Haddam 175-176 

Eastham, Mass 138 

East Hampton, 16-17-18-22- 
52-74-77-79-84-85-88-90-92- 
102 - 108 - 109-111-117-118- 
119 - 140 - 142-144-145-150- 
151 - 152 - 160-165-166-169- 
173 - 175 - 186-189-196-198- 
199 - 216 - 252-253-269-298- 

299-300 

Eastport 1-215-218 

East Quogue 215-248 

Eastville 148 

Eaton. Gov 56-262 

Mr 372 

Eaton's Neck 214 

Edds, Wm. T 156 

Edg:ar. C. H 22 4 

Edgill, Thos 297 

Edmonds, E. A 158 

Edwards, Silas 178 

Abraham 310 

Ichabod 310 

L. B 328-336 

S. W 328-338 

Capt 330-332-334-340-342 

Chas. N 396 

Chas. M 396 

Roger 396 

Edmund B 396 

Chas. W 396 

Orlando S 396 

Oliver S 396 

Benj. W 396 

Chas. D 396 

Silas C 396 

Lewis J 396 

Eli H 396 

Henry L 396 

Henry G 396 

Marcus B 396 

James L 396 

Elbert P 396 

Eels, Osias 137 

James 137 

Egg-leston, J. W 22 4 

Eldredge, Capt 324-332-346 

A : 336 



Geo. A 396 

Elizabeth, N. J 73 

Eliz., Frith 334-338 

Elliot, Joseph 310 

Ellison, Jolin 396 

Ellislon, Joshua 396 

Joseph 396 

Ellsworth, Robt. M 396 

Jesse 396 

Ey Paso 16 

Ely, Dr. A. H 252 

Emerald 238-340-342 

Emott, James 132-134 

Encroachment of sea. 8 et seq. 

Endman, F. W 396 

Engle, Wm. C 113 

Enos, Abm 396 

Erskine, Lord 172-183 

Esterbrook, Richard 206 

Etbert Alex 139 

Excel 344-346 

Excise 131 

Fahys, Joseph 217 

Fair Helen 237-318-320 

Falkland Islands ..238-323-345 

Fanning, W 396 

Fanny 326-328-330-332-336 

Fanton, Wm. M 158 

Fanning. John 198 

Farley, James 396 

Farming 116 

Farret, Jas., 45-48-49-50-261 

et seq. -276 
Farrin.gton, Edmund, 46-47- 

53-256-257-259-260-26 4-265 

John 46-48-259-265 

Thos. 46-259-265 

Edward 266 

Farrington Neck .-.47 

Favorite 213 

Fay, John 396 

Feather River 379 

Fences 62-101 

Ferguson, S. D 158 

Feris. D. 158 

Feversham 74 

Field, John 310 

Fields, J. H 366 

Fiji Islands 244 

Filer Thos 310 

Finkenauer. G. E 396 

"Fire money" 80 

Firewood (see also Woods), 

150-154 

Fish. Rev. S. C 253 

Fisher's Island 167 

Fitzgerald, James 396 

Flag pole. Sag H 159 

Flanders 215 

Flanders Bay 1 

Flash 214 

Fleet, Joshua 187 

Fletcher, Seth 73 

Gov 130-134-146 

Flint, John 309 

Abraham 310 

Flora 355 

Floyd, Col 232 

David G., 334-338-340-342-344 

Flying Point 80-84-208 

Polger, A 316 

Capt 316 

Foote, Geo. C 225 



INDEX 



Fordham, Rev. Robt. 

72-74-79-87-275 

Robert 1^^ 

Joseph. 77-132-140-281-283-^^^ 

Peletiah 85-159-308 

Ephraim 150-233 

Nathan ..150-151-162-213-214 

Daniel 150-169-203 

Jane 156 

Samuel J^^. 

Nathaniel 1"| 

i°^---:::::::::::::::::2?4 

Hedges, Gelston & Co 214 

Hubbard WcvVA 

Joseph 2^^"ol , 

George 312 

E 314 

Caot 322-328-330-332 

J. w ■■■■Ill 

Wm 365 

Eli 373-377-379-381 

Elbert ^"^ 

Chas. H 396 

Fordham's shon. So. H 137 

Fordham's Tavern see Inns. 

Fordred, W. J 396 

D. 396 

Fort iiiii -30 

Fort Pond Bay 19b 

Forts, Revolutionary 173 

Indian (see Indians). 

Sag Harbor 192 

Fosbert, Albert 396 

Foster, Clifford 12 

Christopher . . . 53-271-272-S08 

Benj 83-308 

John, 150-151-161-166-168- 
174-202-233-276-278-279- 

281-283-286-307-308-314 

James 151-205 

Whiten 152 

Thomas 152 

Major 190 

John 1 198 

Edward H 205 

James H 223-252 

William 308-365 

Jeremiah 308-310 

Daniel 308 

Elnathan 311 

Samuel 310 

Obadiah 310 

David 310 

Edward 381 

Wm. B ?9'^ 

Jo.=iah 396 

Austin A :-i96 

James B 396 

Fourth of July, 165-203 et seq. 

Fowler, John 195 

Richard 308 

CaDt 314-316-318-334-346 

Wm 316 

Oliver 318 

Fox, Stephen 310 

Foxes ^ IS 

France 326-328-330-332 

Francis, Roger 153-.''-96 

A. S 158 

Amzl 224 

R 396 



407 

Franklin 238-322-324-326- 

328-330-33 1-338 

Frazier, Daniel -'ns 

Frederick, C. A ..39C 

Freemen 6;i-9i-lu3 

French, H. & S., 159-237-3 '6- 

344-348 

Hannibal - ' 7 

Smith 334-336-31C 

Capt ..3:0-3'L'--^ r, 

Wm 373-381 

Chas 3 96 

Peter 396 

Friends Adventure 10 

Frissell, Mr. 224 

Frog Pond, see Fonds. 

Frothin ham, David 163 

Frothingham's L. I. Herald. 163 

Fuller. Henry 223 

Furniture 114 

Fur trade * 4 

Gage, Gen'l 1 6 1 

Gallagher, C. W 221-2.- 2 

Gann, John 186-1 9H 

Garaghan, H. T 396 

Garcia, A 396 

Gardiner's Bay, 

166-173-189-192-350 

Gardiner's Point 190 

Gardiner Lyon, 

44-50-54-69-70-78-84-111 

Mary 81 

Sam'l L 114 

John 151-186-232 

John D 1!^ 6-1 FT 

Nathaniel 161-171 

Abraham 171 , 

A ?15 

Wm 220 

D. & Bro 314 

Gardiner's Island. 

50-5 4-125-130-167-173-190-191 

Gardner, Capt 318-320 

Garretson, Freborn 158 

Garrison, Renock 118 

Samuel US 

Gaylord, Mr 156 

Geese 17 

Gelston, Sam'l 133-137 

John 144-169-288-289 

Maltby 168-176-311 

Hugh 169-191-288 

David 171-174-312 

Abel 17 4 

Richard 218 

Thomas 288-312 

William 312 

Gem, 238-324-326-328-330- 

332-334-338 

General Court 98 

Gen. Scott 318-320 

Gen. Warren 214 

Gentleman 331-336-33S-3 10 

Geology 3 et seq. 

Geo. Washinston 35^-358 

Germain, Lord 168-173 

John 396 

Gibbons, John 309 

Gilbert, Sir Humphrey 65 

G. S 158 

Gilder, John L 158 

Gillam, Cant 126-130 

Gillum Carter 300 



408 



INDEX 



Gilmore. R. J 396 

Robt 39(5 

Gilson. Richd 153 

Givyen, Wm 311 

Glaciers 5 

Gleason, G. H 396 

Gloucester, Mass 141 

Glover. Henry C 223 

Alfred G 239 

Capt 324-328-332-336-338 

Benj 330 

Daniel B 367 

Erastus 381 

Godbee, John 316 

Capt 344 

James 332 

Goldsmith, Thos 110 

Goninck, Josiah 310 

Gonsales, Peter 396 

Goodale, Josiah 198 

Joseph 30S 

Jonathan 308 

Capt 336-342-344 

Charles li 396 

James ]\I 396 

Good Ground 215 

Good Luck 233-314 

Goodman, J. D 396 

Goodsell. Geo. H 158 

Gordon, Uriah 9 

Daniel D 396 

Gorman John 396 

Gosmer, John, 51-71-78-97- 

100-228-229-264-266-272 

Richard 51-228 

Gougrh, J. D 396 

Gouvernour, Abr 130 

Gov 318 

Gov. Clinton 237-238-324 

Gov. Dana 373 

Graham, Curtis 223 

Capt 340-342 

Grandfather Regiment ....168 

Gransden, Henry 80 

Frances 80 

Grant, orig^inal 2 

Grass Valley ...376-378-381 

Graves, G. A 22 4 

Gravesend 12 4 

Gray, Chas. S 224 

Thos. M 224 

Great South Bay 9 

Green, Barney R., 

139-322-332-336-355-363-372 

Samuel 163 

Henrv, 

210-211-318-322-33 4-353-396 

Abijah 223 

Cook & 234 

Capt.. 318-320-322-324-326- 
328-330-332-33 1-336-338- 
34 0-3 4 2-3 4 4-3 46-356-357- 
358-359-363-364-367-370- 

371-376-377 

John H 353-360-364-370 

James M 396 

James R 396 

Charles 396 

Greenport. 16 J-218-233-323- 
325 - 327 - 329-331-333-335- 

337-339-341-343-344-351 

Gregory, D 396 

Grey. Solomon 218 

Griffith. Capt 176 



Griffing, S 215 

Capt., 318-320-322-324-326- 

328-330 

A. K 320 

Chas 322-32 4 

SyU ester 322 

James E 396 

Sidney 396 

Sidney S 396 

Griflith, Wm 297 

Griffiths, Joshua 267 

Groton, Battle of 180 

Guadaloupe 186 

Guerin, father 225 

Guilford, Ct.. 

56-66-175-178-179-300 

Gull Island 9 

Gullock Cant. Thos.. 

123 et seq., 295 et seq. 

Hacker, David 12 4 

Drew 296 

Hacker's Hole 14 

Haddam, Ct 175 

Haert, Balthazar de 88 

Haidee 239 

Haines, Benj 78-30 8 

David 193-288-289-308 

John 272-308 

Stephen 289 

Lemuel 289 

Samuel 309 

James 309 

Daniel 312 

Theodore F 396 

Haley, Dennis 397 

Hall, Daniel 156 

Stephen 186 

\V. T 22 4 

Wm. H 396 

Halloek, Robt. C 223 

Daniel F 223 

L. W 251 

Capt 338-340-342 

Franklin B 397 

Benj. F 397 

-Halscy, Thos., 46-53-71-87- 
97-228-232-257-259-260-26 4- 

266-279-281-283-286-309 

Wm 53-376-377 

Mrs. Thos 78 

Murder 78 

Wm. D 133-208 

Jesse 148-162-169 

& McCaslin 153 

Timothy 169-288-289-312 

Henry 169-397 

Isaiah 169 

Silas 177 

Elias Henry 180 

Hug-h 188-224 

Capt.. 190-318-320-322-324- 
326-328-330-33 4-336-3 40- 

364-379-381-382 

G. A 214 

Luther 224 

Herman 223 

David 224-309 

Richard 224 

Daniel, 

232-289-308-268-309-312 

Tiffany & 23 4 

*^Igaac 283-286-308 

Elihu 288 

Simeon 288 



INDEX 



y «il\anus* ^^^"oH 

Moses ^^^ 

^'Ts9-3il-310-312-364-365-370 

Mathew' " 289-312 

Joshua''^ ••.■.■.•.■.•.■.■.■.■.308-310 
^Samuel ............ 308-353-364 

CTphraim %^.% 

Tnsiah "^"* 

Jeremiah.. 809-311 

Abraham ^"^^'oln 

Ichabod %\^„ 

Paul %\i 

Theophilus ■nVa'%'>o 

capt. Ed ^^^i;; 

Andrew • ■ • • •„• ,• 07^ 

Edward ^^^'^'"'"oc^ 

^\::::::::::::::.^^^^ 

Edwin \ii 

Edward W l.^ 

Wm. S 379 

Cornelius ^^^ 

Flmer E \l^ 

Oliver ^^' 

Albert A %iL 

Chas. E ili. 

E. Sidney %\i, 

Silas E %li, 

Wm. M 3J7 

Jesse C 397 

Chas %l^. 

Albert N. 397 

Halsey's Neck j^J 

Ham, Edward v,-,\o,< 

Hamilton, Cant 342-314 

Hamilton, 237-238-326-328- 

330-332-334-367 

Hamilton, 2d 328-330-332 

Hammond, Capt VaV\A 

Hampton 141-14^ 

Hampton House see Inns. 

Hamoton Fark . • • •,• • • 6 

Hand, John . . .9-51-156-17(.-22S 

Mrs ^83 

Wm 153 

^^'^'*^' 160-181-289-328-330-334 

Elias I60-3IO 

Capt 

1 90-320-322-32 4-326-340-3 4 2 

J. Howard 223 

Giioc 289 

Josiah ••.■.'.■..' 289-309 

Gideon 289 

Samuel 310-397 

Ezekiel 310 

Robert F 322 

Edwin C 396 

Orlando 396 

Shamear 397 - 

Geo. M 397 

Handy. Aaron •„-„-39^ 

Hannibal. 237-318-320-322- 

324-326-328-330-332-334 

Hardy, Sir Thos.. 189-190- 

195 et seq 

Harker, Wm.. 4 6-47-4 8-53- 

257-259-260-261-264-266 

Harlow, .S. H 239-326 

Ca-pt 332-338 



409 

Harries, Reuben \\^ 

Harriet '^tl, 

liariunan, John '^V '■>nn 

Harris Geo '** i^l 

B. Frank \y 

Reuben osV^os 

John ^^^'ill 

Corn 11 p1 •^"•' 

Cipt ..■•.■...320-322-324-326 

Chas. C \%{ 

Hervey %-it 

Jos. C 39< 

Wm. P "^^ ' 

Harrison, J. J 225 

John 381 

Hart. Joshua ^^^ 

John 310 

''^'■"%''4-57-71-79-81-91-213-272 

Hartshorne, Rich'd 1^9 

Harwood, Capt ^^o 

Hatfield, henry 1&8 

Haugh, J. S 22 4 

Havens, F. C. •■■■ ■\\ 

Wickham, S l**-326-328 

Henry B ^^^'Wl 

Gabriel }l\ 

Daniel i°" 

Benj \\l 

G & T 31o 

Capt., 322-324-326-330-332-346 

Jacob 346 

M • .334 

Joseph A 397 

Austen ^^ ' 

Henry H 397 

Chas. C 397 

Ripley ^^7 

Chas. 397 

Haverstrite. Chas 397 

Chas. B 397 

Hawkins, Chris 180 

Kawley Giles P 22 4 

Haves Wm 39b 

Sly Ground 122-221-224 

Haynes (see also Haines) 

Jeremiah 226 

Capt 353-370-372-374 

Wm. C 3 < 

Haywarden 101 

Heathcotts, The 124 

Gilbert 295 

Heath hens -17 

Heath Park 247 

Hedges ..101-102 

Hedges 47 

Miss H. B 12 

S. 39 

Tristrum 51-228 

Elisha 82 

H P 108-151-152-199 

David, 14-138-153-187-188- 

288-289 

Jeremiah 152-344 

Albert 160 

Jonathan 169-171-176-288 

Daniel 169-288-309 

Reuben 186 

Capt.. 190-192-193-324-326- 
330-33 4-336-338-3 40-3^2-3)6 

Stephen 193-200 

Lt 195 

Job 198-374-377-381 

Jesse 204 



410 



INDEX 



John N 206 

Elias ^i^s 

J. W 328 

J. LfOdowick 397 

Lyman G 397 

Hedges House. Sag- H.,'SepInns. 

Hefternan, Father 225-252 

Held, Elchard K97 

Helen 332 

Helen Smith 214 

Hempstead 21-74-77-81 

Hempstead Convention 89 

Hempstead, Joshua 149 

Hendrick£on, Geo. F 157 

Hennessy, James 397 

Henni!?ar, Chas 397 

Chas. W 397 

Hennis, M 397 

Henry Robt 397 

Henry; 320-322-324-326-328- 

330-332-336-338 

Henry Lee 332-336-367 

Herrick 47 

Mrs. Henry 20 6 

Wm 222 

Micaiah 222 

Stephen 309 

George 310-376-377 

Herricks, Walter A 156 

Hetty 314 

Highland Mary 3 46 

Hildreth, Thos 51-228 

James 84-309-311-312 

C H 129-222 

Sam. T 148-236 

John 152-162-169-312-316 

Abig-ail 156 

Luther 162-213-312 

Revol. episode 182 

Samuel 206 

Levi 219 

Joshua 288-309-312 

David 28S 

Peter 289 

Nathan 30S 

Isaac 308-312 

Ephraim 308 

Jonathan 3(jS 

Daniel 309 

Noah 312 

A 364-372 

Albert- 370 

Oscar A 397 

Isaac N ^97 

Hill, John 312 

Hilver, Asa 2s;9 

Hinds, Bartlett 222 

Hines. Geo 397 

Hintchel, James 115 

Hoffman, F. B ^5:^ 

Host Island 22 

Hog Neck 

1-22-75-148-149-268-279 

Holdsworth, Jonas 73 

Hollis, Geo 22 1 

Holran, Father 225 

Holt, John 295-296-297 

Holton, Wm. C 397 

Hon-an Gilbert 397 

Chas! E 397 

Homes Hill 74 

Honnold, M. Flmer ^ ^S 

Foonete, Jason 235 

Hope 233-314 



Hopewell 57 

ho,-kins, Edward 272 

Hopper, ^r. Fdward 156 

Hopping:, Daniel 310 

Horses 58 

Horton, Caleb 110 

Jonathan 307 

David 307 

Capt 336 

Wm. T 353 

Houses, old 112 

Sandford 61-8 4-85 

Job J ierson 82 

E. O. Hedges 82 

L. lage Topping S2 

Hov^'ell S2 

Augustus Cook 85 

Albert Halsey 85 

Cooper So 

Haines 85 

Hollyhocks 112 

Edwin Halsey 112 

Samuel Bishop 112 

Chas. S. Halsey 112 

W. S. Pellelreau 112-172 

Foster homestead 112 

Stanborough 112 

Thos. Sayre 112 

H. P. Fordham 112 

Elias Howell 112 

E. P. Huntting 112 

J. E. Foster 112-218 

Herrick 112 

David White 112 

Engle Wi 

Isaac Sayre lit 

Briggs 85-133 

Lindstedt 152 

Fordham Tavern 152 

Payne 152 

Umbrella 152 

Ebenezer Sage 152-155 

Whiten Foster 15 2 

Thaddeus Coles 152 

Gelston 172 

How Daniel. 46-47-lS- J9-53- 
100-1 01-228-2' 6-261-257- 

259-260-263-261-265-266 

Howard W 223 

Howe, Joseph 267 

Dan., see How, 

William 267 

Howell. Fdward 14-46-53-71- 
7 4-&3-S J -90-96-9 7-100-118- 
140 - 22S-229-232-2."0-!'57- 
259 - 260-263-26 '-265-266- 
272 - 276-278-279-2S1-2S3- 

286-307-309 
John. 51-71-87-89-91-92-97- 
1 00-1 32-1 3 3-1 J 5-2 28-23 1 - 
378-279-281-282-2S3-2.S1-3 0S 

Arthur 53-83-84-107-nTr 

Mrs. Edward SO 

" house burned 80 

Mathew 83-169 

Theophilus, 

132-149-176-232-309 

James 150-15J-173 

Flisha 151-2S2-309 

Li'cretia 154 

Lemuel 232-312 

Nathan P 157 

SyPanus 162-176-310 

Nathaniel 168-169-308 



INDEX 



/^Jehlel 169 

Phineas 169-312 

David . . .169-2S9-307-309-312 

Stephen 169-176-237-2S9 

Josiah 169-268 ■ 

Phillip 169-2S9-312 

Ryall ^'^i«^ 

Levi 1^' 

Capt.. 193-320-322-321-328- 

363-364-370-372-375-376 

Silas 204-314 

Charles S„?"oAo 

Richard 23 -30V 

Benjamin i6A-6\i^ 

Thomas 232-309-312 

Jonathan 232 

He-/ekiah 232-268 

IsrcGl • 2u6 

S. &N;'. 234-322 

W. G 234 

Mulford & 234 

John E 239 

Abraham 268-289 

Joseoh 268-309 

Daniel 2SS-312-353 

Samuel ..288-289-309-310-312 

Ezekiel 288-308 

Klihu 28S 

Price 289 

Walter 289-313 

Isaac 308-397 

Jonah 308-310 

Zetaulon 30 8 

Xehemiah 308 

Obadiah 308 

Zenibabel 310 

Jeremiah 310-312 

Henry 312 

Moses 312 

Seth ... 312 

Joshua 312 

Geore-e 320-322 

S. &^Co 314-316 

& Beebe 316 

S. & L 320-322 

S. & N 324-326-328 

N. & G., 324-326-328-330- 

332-334-336-338 

J. E 326 

Peter 357-363 

Lewis 365-370-372-376 

D 377-378 

Sam. W ■ 396 

John H 396 

John 397 

James L 397 

James R 397 

Wm. G 397 

Henry B 397 

Gilder 397 

Orlando 397 

Howes, Ezekiel H 328 

Cant 330-332-334-336 

Howland, Capt. 320 

Dennis J 397 

Erastus 397 

Edson 397 

Hubbard, Mr 191 

Hubbell, Edward 225 

Hudson, Silvester 310 

Hudson 324-326-328-332-33 1 

Huffhes, Thos 297 

Hulbert, see Hurlburt. 



411 

Hull, John W 219 

Humane Society 20 6 

Humphreys, Humpbrey ....158 

Arthur 396 

Hungarian 237 

Hunker Flora 39. 

Hunt. Edffar 9 

Harry W 16' 

John H 16' 

Fdsar Z ^u; 

Hunter. Robt 12) 

Gov 231 

Huntins^ton. 90-111-122-144-161 

Huntinq-ton, Abel 114 

Gurden 22;) 

Huntting-, Renj., 

152-204-222-251-311-316 

Henry H 157-397 

Nathaniel 1 ' 6 

Capt 190-338-342-344-3 '6 

S. & B 234 

James R 2!0-3l0 

S. & Co 316 

S. & B. & Co., 322-32 ^-326- 

328-330-332-334-336 

Hupnog-ues 1'' 

Hurlburt, John. 

162-167-176-288-289-310-312 

Huron 237-328-332-336-373 

Husted, Harvey 158 

Rev. H 223 

Illinois .332-336-338 

Imperial 214 

Imprints, Sag Harbor, 

163-301 et sen. 

Indentured servants 150 

Indian Creek Cal 379-382 

Indian Jail 235 

Indians — - 

Burning- woods 12 

Place names, 

14-17-26-41-74-129 

Dogs 19 

L. I. Tribes 21 

Sachems 21-36-37-66 

Tribute 22-33 

Population 23 

Language ; .23 

Anpearance 21-^0 

Clothing 25 

Wampum 16-25-32 

Eood 26 

Fishing 26 

Canoes -^ 

Swimminar ,....28 

Village sites 29 

Wia-wams 29 

Forts . 30 

Pottery 31 

Stone implements 31 

Shell heaps 31 

Marriage 33 

Personal names 34 

Festivfils 34 

Funerals 35 

Land 37-65 et sen. 

Religion 38 

Stone v^ith foot 39 

Reservation 40 

Purchase from, 

46-50-51-65-148 

"Indian fields'' 50 

Catechism 56 



412 



INDEX 



Troubles with whites 

68 et seq. -78-80-89-167 
Slaves (see Slaves). 
Servants (see Indentured). 

Whaling 227-235 

End of 247 

Industry 213 

Infidel Society, Sag- H 162 

Ingraham H 397 

Inns 5^ 

North Sea 77 

Southampton 72-110-218 

Bull's Head 133-135-218 

Fordham Tavern, 

152-159-160-204 

East End House 159 

Mansion House 159-148 

Nassau House 160 

Hedge's House 147-160 

Eldredge's 159 

American House ....159-173 

Union Hotel, Sag H 215 

Atlantic House 219-253 

Hampton House 224 

Iowa 237-364 

Ireland Wells & Carpenter, 

332-334-336-338-340 

Isaac (Indian) 118 

Isham, 364-379-381 

E. B 374-376 

Island Belle 214 

Islip 218-350 

Italy 334-338-340-342 

Ives. L. S 225 

Izard, Gen 193-194 

Jackson. Chas. A 397 

Francis 397 

B 397 

Jacob, Chas 311 

Jacob M. Ryerson 367 

Jacobs, J. W 397 

John H 397 

Wm. S 397 

Wm. T 397 

Jacobson, Terence 397 

Hector 397 

Jacques, Richd 51-228 

Robt 310 

Jagger. John, 9-72-276-27S- 

279-281-283-286 
Stephen, .198-365-374-376-379 

Christopher 198 

Albert 236-351 et seq. 

Benj 307 

Jeremiah 308-311 

Samuel 308 

John 308 

Nathan 308 

Jonathan '. 309 

Elias 310 

Capt 332-336-338-340 

Austin 363 

364-372 

Oscar L, 397 

Wm. S 397 

Jamaica, L. 1 90-216-218 

Jamaica, W. 1 141-142-1 «R 

James Lawrence 214 

James, Rev. Thos 91-118 

Jameson, Thos 297 

Japan, 

233-238-244-337-383 et seq. 

Jeddo 384 et sen. 

Jefferles Neck .75 



Jefferson, 

316-336-338-3 40-3 42-344 
Jehu Pond, see Ponds. 
Jennings, John. 

52-78-145-279-281 

. 58 

Wm 78-308 

Daniel 198 

J. B 225 

Wickham 243-330 

Samuel . 308 

Cliapman 310 

Stephen 310 

Hugh 310 

Capt., 326-336-348-342-344-346 

A. J 346 

Gilbert W 397 

James T 397 

Jermain, John. 152-158-159- 

162-188-190-204-251 

Margaret P 156 

Jessup, John 87-90-231 

Isaac 151-289-309-310-312 

Robert 158 

Silas 169-174 

John H 397 

Henry 308 

Nathaniel 312 

Stephen -312 

Fdmund A 397 

Chas. L 397 

Samuel D 397 

Wm. P 397 

Jewels (Pierson) 128 

Jewett. Wm 397 

John Allen 352 

John A. Robb 346 

Johnes, Mr 51-228 

Edward 97 

Samuel 232 

John Jay 332-336 

Johnson, Daniel 142 

Sir Wm 167 

Col. Guy 168 

John 265 

Thomas 397 

Alonzo 397 

George '"J'7 

Rufus 397 

John Wells 334-336 

Jones (see also Johnes), 

Elisha 141 

Elias 162 

Paul 169 

Obadiah 174 

Capt. Paul 194 

Samuel 307-308 

Capt.. 316-322-324-326-328-332 

Wm. A 322-332 

J. H 330 

John 397 

Robert 397 

Wm 397 

.Tordan. Father 225 

Josephine 332-336 

Julius Caesar 318 

Juries 99 

Kamschatka . . .'. 233 

Kanawha 342-344 

Keane, Father 252 

Kellis Pond, see Ponds. 

Kellog, Nath 158 

Kelly, Edward 397 

Kelsey, Chas 158 



INDEX 



Kennedy. Commissioner •••153 

Da\id {ii 

Patrick ■ ■■iti 

Ketcham, Henry ^^' 

P \ oJt 

Kettles • • • • • ••„••: \\ 

Kidd. Capt 126-12--131-143 

Killin,s,'\vorth -^i' 

Kieft, Gov • ' ' 

Kine. liernard ^»' 

King Julia. Fountain 117 

Kins. Samuel ' ;.° 

Miller \ll 

Capt ■•••mu7 

Henry B ^^' 

Harvey B ^^^ 

Pari^er D fl' 

George C ^^' 

Horace r. L 

Chas %^i 

WilEOn B . • . %ll 

Kingsland, Oscar R f^ * 

Kirby, Wm. S -\j^ 

Kitson, John ^»i 

Knapp, Mr 1^' 

Y> E . • •-'^ ' 

Geo. M 397 

Knox, Robt ooQ-lofi 

Konohassett iiii-6o\> 

Kyrtland.Philip.^^_^„_^^_^^_^,^g 

Nathaniel -18-53-209 

John IVi 

Lacy. G. W ^^i 

Ladd, J. W 157 

Lady Clinton 213 

Lafayette ^^7 

Laine, Thos -^^ 

Lake. Mris .VsVoV^^n 

Lampon, Samuel . . .A2^i-ilh-66^ 
Land Common, 60 et seq.-63. 

248-257-283 et seq. 

titles to 65 et seq 

Landon. Seymour • • io8 

Lansing-, Capt 332-336 

Larkens, Jas ■^■'» 

Larkin, Father 2i5 

Larkins?. Cornels ^97 

Lathabury, A. A ■!-^\ 

Latham. Capt \l\ 

Hubbard lol 

Peles- 1^2 

Eden S 162 

Latimore, IMr iou 

Laus-hton, John ....106-144-145 

Josias 231 

Josiah ^08 

Laurens ^^o 

Lautenschlager, A 39S 

Lavinia 237-316 

Lawrence. W. H 15S 

Wm 224 

Layers out J-"^ 

Layton, see Laughton. 

Learning-, Chris -83 

Le Bar Mary 139 

Marg-aret 139 

Lears. G 397 

Leek, Joseph 310 

Benjamin 310 

Capt 332 

David C 398 

John W 158 

Le Fevre, Maynard ....... .157 



413 

Leonard, T. J 252 

Lester. Chas 19° 

Levant 33 1-338 

Lewis, Gordon T 22:) 

Austin 366 

L'Hommedieu, Samuel. 

156-162-169-3 28-330-332-336 

Kphraim 213 

S. L --^i 

Libraries — „,„ . 

Bridgehampton ...219 et seq. 

John Jermain ^&l 

Rogers Memorial . ^oi 

Lighthouses "ij 

Ligonee Brook . 148 

Linden, F ^1% 

Lindstedt, H. M 152 

Line Gale ^^7 

Liscomb, Joseph ^» ' 

Literary Soc, Sag H 16^ 

Littlejohn. Bishop ^^| 

Littlevvood Thos. D 15» 

Littleworth Wo'h'c^ 

Lloyd. John ^^^'lll 

Long. Father ^f^ 

Long Beach -^J 

Long Id. Star 63 

Long Meadow ^^° 

Long Pond, see Ponds. 

Long Springs \\wWl 

Loper, James iiX 

Elizabeth 119 

John ^1" 

Capt.. 322-326-330-332-334-344 

David W--Al% 

Henry -5 ' ^'ti'i 

Mr 3 I b 

Henry J 397 

Ben.i ^97 

Abraham B 397 

Thos. S %ll 

Thos. A 397 

George -^^^ 

Chas. L 398 

Oscar ""I^ 

Lots, £150. etc -63 

Lovejoy, J. F 398 

Lovelace. Gov 58-1 45-2 1 6 

Lowen, Wm 14 4-398 

capt 334-338-3 40 

Lowrey, John 156 

Lucy 114-314 

Lucy Ann 334-338 

Ludlow iLudlam) — 

Anthony ^3-84-85 

Henry 83-96-309 

E. Jones 1'53 

I.=aac 2^^'ooQ ' 

Stephen 288 

Jeremiah 309-340 

Silas 310 

Capt.. 324-326-328-330-332- 

336-3<6 

L 366 

Chauncey 398 

Silas 398 

Luiges G ...397 

Lum. Sam'l 84-309 

Mathew 309 

Lunton. Chris 7S 

David 169-309 

.John .;.■ 307 

Joseph 308 



414 INDEX 

Thomas ^^^"^ Ji 

T V n^ 6 ,••••••••••••••■•■"•* 

Lynch, Michael 398 

Lynn, 44-15-47-51-53-57-72-74 

80-256 

Lyon, Daniel D 157 

& Sherwood j^i 

Moses 223 

Lyons, J ^''^ 

MacDonald Ronald 2_)o 

Madagascar i bl/i^aQ 

Madeira -. 120-143 

Magistrates 100-104-10 < 

Maidstone 180 

Makinlush Daniel 309 

Mallay, John 398 

Maltbie, John 109-26S 

Manhattan 332-383 et seq 

Mann, Wm 398 

Mansion House, see Inns. 
Marcus, 318-320-322-324-326- 

328-330-332-336-338-379 

Margaret 244 

Margaret's Hill 139 

Mark • • • • • ol 

Marquesas 238-3io 

Marran. Thos 398 

Marriage 1)^9 

Marshall 101 

Marshall, J. D 158 

Beni 268-269-309 

John 379-381 

Martha 318-334 

Martha 2d 238 

Martin, Andrew 123-297 

Rowland 297 

Mary ..••314 

Mary Gardiner 237-340-344 

Mason, Robt 297 

Masonic Hall, Sag H 157 

Massachusetts 70-91-101 

Matapoiset 369 

Mathews, Timothy 312 

Maurisias 125 

Maxwell, Henry W 249 

Mayer, David 398 

Maynard, J. W 224 

Mays, Capt 131 

McAllister. Alex 223 

McCarthy, Michael 398 

McCaslin, Francis 133 

McCorkle, Capt 342-344 

McDonald Dav'd 225 

Chas. 398 

Michael 398 

McDougall, Gen 173 

McGloc. John 398 

McGinnis, Father 225 

.McGrath, John 398 

McGuire, W. W 22 4 

McGuirk, John 398 

Frank 398 

McKenna, Father 225 

McMahon, John 398 

McMinn, Wm 398 

Mecox, 12-18-41-80-83 et 

seq.-113-140-231 

Mecox Bay 13-14-15-85 

Mecox Gate 84 

Medd, Henry 224 . 

Meeting House Hill 147-159 

Meggs, Kbenezer 300 

Meigs E. C 398 

Meigs Expedition 178 



Menday, Joseph 349 

Merchant 237 

Meridian 244 

Merton, Chas 398 

Merwin, Robt 18 

Samuel 224 

IMiantanomoh 69 

Middletown, Ct., 150-175-213-315 

Milford, Ct 81 

Miller, Hedges 153 

David . 158 

Judge 162 

Benj . • -186 

Jeremiah 187 

Nathaniel 198 

Eleazar 198 

Abm. ...'.". 20 4-398 

C. W 223 

David M 22 4 

Daniel 232-307 

Josiah 307 

Isaac .309 

Nathan 310 

William 310 

Jonathan 310 

Capt 324-326-332 

Davis 330 

George 398 

Nath. J 398 

A. H. ...".: 398 

E. D 398 

Nath 398 

Chas. . .' 398 

Mill Pond Head 122 

Mills 13 

Sawmill, Peconic 11 

Hedges Fulling 14-1^:3 

Howell's 14-15-54 

North Sea 75 

Mecox 85 

Wicks . .'. 133 

Sag Harbor 152 

Berwind 153-234 

Havground 153 

Water Mill 153 

Mills, Richard 73-101-110 

Isaac 118 

Elizabeth 118 

Mr ..••137 

Mill Stone Brook 54 

Mill Stone Swamp 54 

Minerva 314-316 

Minute men, 166-167-169-189-194 

Mitchell 47 

John 84-232-307 

219 

Stephen".'!.'.'.'.'.' !!!!!!!!'.! 288 

Mohawks 22 

Moheags 23 

Money 117 

Money Ship, see Wrecks. 

Monmouth 326-<?28-330 

Montauk, 8-12-22-24-30-39- 
40-69-78-166-167-173-188- 

191-218-350 

Montauk 214-238 

Montauk 342 

Montcalm J. A 398 

Montefiore, Sir Moses. .154-155 

Joseph 15 4-155 

Joshua . 155 

Moody, Lady Deborah. ..... .53 

Mooney, F. J 398 

J. F 398 



INDEX 



415 



Moore. John, 51-97-104-228-272 

Col 187-1.S9 

L. K 22 1 

Joseph 232-:'00-;ii2 

Henry 289-398 

Benj 307 

Robert o07-.'512 

Daniel 312 

Thos 898 

Moraine 5 

Moreliouse, John 83-307 

Morgan, John J. A 223 

Henry 398 

Moriches l-157-3ri0 

Mormon Island 36G 

Morrey, Jolin 126 

Morris, R ir.8 

Geo. C 398 

John 309-398 

Morton. A. L 25 2 

Moullhrop & Street 202 

INloulton, W. R 398 

l\Iount Vernon 369 

Mo\ ing- houses 114 

Mowbrey, John 73 

\Vm. 225 

Muckett Bristol 310 

Mi'lford. John ...51-92-228-299 

Samuel 126-231-232-298 

David 169 

Deacon 197 

AVm 228 

& Sleiaht. 234-320-322-32 (- 

326-328-330-3 32-3 31-336-338 
& Howell, 231-324-326-328- 

330-332-336 
Ezekiel, 234-334-324-326- 

328-336 

Capt 336 

Mnllen, James 398 

Mnrthy, James 398 

Wm 39S 

Music 225-2''6 

Muskrats 18 

Myers, Anthony ; 9 ■; 

^lyra 237-247-346-348 

Mystic 22-r;:'5 

Nancy ....316 

Nc-ntncket 16-317-354 

Napeasue 30-4 2-196 

Narra.gansetts 66-69 

Nassau House, see Inns. 

Navigator Island 214 

Nayas 295 

Need ham, Fdmund, 

4 6-47-256-257-2r 9-260-26 '-266 
Neptune, 320 - 322 - 32J-326- 

328-330-332-336 

Neva 334-338-3 0-:; '■' 

Nevada City, Cal 373-381 

Nevis 115 

New Amsterdam, 

Jy- .6-19-57-77-SS-92 

Newark, N. J 55 

New Bedford. 

343-347-352-354-362 
New Castle. Del. . . 1.37 

Newell (Newhall). Tho'^" 

46-47-53-259 
New ETne-land Confederacv 

55-65-70-74-78-79-91-119 
New Haven 

U-4"9-55-57-58-73-81-178 
New Holland 331 



New London, 126-146-149- 
150 - 163 - lS0-194-196-2f.3- 

214-343-354 

Newman, Arthur 224 

Newspapers, Sag- H., 163 et seq. 
New Suffolk. 

329-331-337-339-341 

Newton, Benoni 84 

New York City. 15-14'2-143- 
14 4-145-149-15 4-163-188- 

213-214 
New York (Cal.), 362-363- 

365-367-368-370-372 
New Zealand ..244-329-331-335 

Niantic 334 

Nianticks 23 

Nickerson, L. D 224 

Capt 326-332-334 

Henry, Jr 328 

Nicholas, Cal 375 

Nicholls, Capt 334-340 

Nicoll, Wm 9 

Kdward 152 

Anne ibo 

Capt 342-344 

Theodore sgg 

Nicolls, Gov 89-111-144-277 

Samuel 214 

Mathias . . 280 

Nile 336-33S-340 

Nimrod, 322-324-326-328-330- 

332-33 4-3 36-338-3 40-3 4 2-3 4 4 
Noble, 238-326-328-330-332- 

33 4-336-338-3 40-3 4 2-3 4 4-3 4 6 

Nominick Hills 30 

Noonan, D 398 

Norris ".!.'.!. 47 

Robert 83 

Nathan 83-288-312 

Mr 153 

Silas 312 

Nort hampton 74 

North leaven (sep also 

Hogneck), ..152-217-235-237 
North Sea 51-58-59-68-74- 

140-142-1 16-150 

North-West 140-142 

Northwest Creek 148 

Norton. Robt. F 158 

Norwich. Ct 23-195 

Notary Public 101 

Nowedonah 22 

Noyac 42-157-217 

Noyac Bay 1 

Oakley ! .ico 

O'Brien, Henry 395 

O'Callaghan, Father .' "225 

Ocean 238-318-320-3^6 

O'Connor, James 398 

O. C. Raymond 237-330 

Of^tavia 237-318-320 

Odd Fellow 340-342-344-346 

Odell, Richard, 

46-97-228-230-259 
O Donnell, Father ... . 225 
Og-den, John. 59-71-74-75-77- 

79-81-88-1 00-10 6-1 4 0-229-''30 

O'Hara, F. J 252 

Ohio 039 

Oldershaw. A. fe. ....'.'.'..'. ".'39s 

"Old ground'" • • ■ • • ^^ 

OldrniKon, Sir John ..." 154 

Old Town 51-72-208 

Old Town Pond, see Ponds. 



41« 



INDtA 



U'XeiU, Father 225 

Ontario, 31S-324-326-328-330- 

332-334-338 

Ontario 2d 332-336-338-340 

Ordinaries, see Inns. „ „ , , 

Oregon 342-344 

Orplieus ^^" 

Osborn and Osborne. 

.lohn P }l\ 

Oliver J^" 

Selieclt 1^^ 

Lewis l^ti 

Marcus B., 

217-234-322-324-326 

Thos. G 223 

Daniel %y 

Stephen ^1" 

Capt 318-330 

Wm 328 

Davis C 346 

Oscar ^^^'ono 

Osgood, Geo 398 

Osmun, Wm 30 7 

Otters '■° 

Overseer of Poor 101 

Overton Isaac f'O? 

Richd. H 398 

Kdward N 3ys 

Oyster Bay .... 65-132-144 

Oyster Ponds 189-191-192 

Pacific 238-346 

Paclvet Boats 213-214 

Pain (see also Payne), 

Joseph 308 

Abraham 310 

William 310 

Paine, Elisha 138-312 

Palmer, Benj 83 

Panama 

'32 4-328-330-33 4-338-373 

Parana 342-344-346 

Parblau, T. M 398 

Pardee, Isaac 225 

Parish. Act. Inc., 

Bridgehampton 87 

Parker, John 106-120-370 

Wm 162-353 

Henry 198-398 

Jeremiah 289 

Capt., 322-324-326-328-353- 

364-371-372-374-376 

Frank 398 

D. F 363 

Wm. M 370-373-374-379 

Charles 39s 

Capt. James 382 

Giles 398 

Parker's 103 

Parrish, S. D 209-218-252 

James C 252 

Parrish Art Museum 252 

Parrot, John 123-297 

Parshall, James 120 

Israel 307 

Parsons, Elisha 190 

Wm. Barclay 205 

Samuel 307 

& Brown 340 

Partridge, Asa 155-159 

Partridges 17 

Patagonia 317-319-321-323 

Patchogue 157-215-218 

Patents 89-92 

Dongan, 64-92-249-281 et seq. 



Andros 92-276 et seq. 

Seo alsj Deeds. 

Paumanack '2 

Payer, Thos sus 

John 309 

Payn Peter ly-^ 

1 ayne, .John 152 

Silas 215 

Chas. W 217-239-32tj 

Cant., 321-326-330-332-334- 

338-373-374 

Win. H ; 328 

B. 336 

Wm 367-37 2-370 

Mr 370-372 

Chas." 398 

Thos. B. 398 

Jeremiah 398 

Robt. H .398 

Chas. C 398 

Elisha H 398 

Elias R 398 

Benj. S . ...398 

H. M 398 

L. H 398 

Payton, James 398 

Pearce, Aaron 158 

Stephen 310 

Pearsall, 244 

Pearson (see also Pierson). 

Capt 322-326 

Feck, Mrs. Clarence 138 

J. W 224 

Peconic 42-49-265 

Peconic Bathing Station ....11 

Peconic Bay 1-2-9-50-268 

Peconic River, 1-132-268-269-279 

Pedro, Joseph 398 

Pegg, C. M 158 

PeSly 186 

Peirce, John .297 

I'elham, N. \' 1(53 

Fell Joseph 163 

Nancy 163 

Pelletreau, Francis 149 

Elias 168-174 

Wm. S 223 

Penhawitz 21-48-19 

Penny, Joshua, 

186-193-194 et seq. 

219 

John . • • . .233 

Wm 376-377-379 

Alex. H 398 

Pequots 22-33-79-119 

Perambulating bounds 102 

Perea, J 398 

Perkins, Geo 398 

Perry, Jas. H 158 

Commodore 244 

Peter, John 40 

Peter's Green 151-237 

Petty, Elias 135-309 

John 374 

Mr .379 

Pharaoh, Sylvester 24 

Stephen 24 

Phenix, 322-324-326-328-330- 

332-334-338 
Philip I, ..334-336-338-340-342 

Phillips Samuel 16 4 

W. E 398 

C. R 398 

Phoenix 16 



INDEX 



417 



Plerson, Abram. 46-51-53-54- 

55-72-22S-267-289-307 
Henry. 51-93-107-132-228- 
232-263-26 1-279-2S1-283- 

2S6-2SS-307 
Lt. Col. Henry, 82-86-113- 
122 et sec|.-231-251-299 
et seq. 

Job 82-113-289-309 

David, 82-167-168-169-288- 

289-398 

Stephen 113-288 

Timotbv 129-288-289 

Theophilus 150-169-28S 

Elias 169 

Lemuel 182-202-2S8-2'<9 

& Hildreth 182 

James H 20s 

Alfred 224 

Theodore 232-?'(^9 

Wml H 239 

Mathew 288 

Silvani's 288 

Samuel 28S-?n8 

Will'am 288-334 

Williams 288 

Caleb 289 

Charles 2<'9 

John 2S9 

Zebiilon. 289 

Jedediah 289 

Capt 324-328-332-316 

S. B 334 

N. H 398 

Fnoch 398 

Alson 398 

Aton o 398 

Alanson 398 

Pip-eon. Geo 398 

Sterihen 398 

Pis-eons 17 

Fikerran, Robert 202 

Pillsbnry, Ithamar 156 

rin<^ Swamp 14 8 

Pinks 1^0 

Piny. John 6 4 

Pioneer 214-3^0-342 

Pirates. 122 et sen.-l 3 J-137- 

143-165-294 et sen. 

Pitt's Island r.T,% 

Planter 214 

Piatt. Smith H 223 

Isaac 335 

Plyrpovith 245-336 

Po"-e-ataciit 22-69 

Po'nt Belcher ^.''SS 

Pol'ard. Geo. H 398 

Pollev W. L 39S 

S. i\r ?9S 

Folonpis 121 

Pomona :^5 4 

Ponds — 

Wain<^cott 1 

Scnttle Hole 6-7-14 

Kellis 7-14 

Jehu 7 

Austen's 7 

Lonar 7 

FroiT 9 

Sa^^q- 13-1 4-83-S4-'^fi 

JTill Pond 14 

Poxabo^ue 1 i 

Pound 29 

Old Town 47 



Parrinffton 47 

Lonsj (Sag: H.) 148 

Otter xiM 

Peter's 206 

Fonquoi,'ue 42 

Ponters Capt 344 

Poole, T. H., & Co 252 

Foosepatuck 41 

Porcupines 17 

Porter, Stephen 156 

Portland, . .328-330-332-334-336 
Port of Entry, see Custom 
House. 

Portland Adventure 149 

Post, Rich'd, 51-101-228-279-281 

Edwin 72 

Jeremiah 169 

Lodowick, 188-190-192-193-289 

S 190 

James 223-316-318 

& Sherry, 234-237-330-332- 

334-336-338 

Wm. R 237-3 40 

Nathan 288 

John 307 

Capt., 316-318-320-322-370- 

374-376-377-381 

Geo 316-318-320 

A. G 336 

R 3 40 

Wm. H., 353-357-366-372-378 

Wm 366-379 

Jas. H. ... 398 

Post Offices' '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. /.2i5-216 

Potosi 238-322 

Potter, John 398 

Founder. E 398 

Powell C, W 22 4 

Power, John 125 

Poxabo.srue 42-83-140 

Poxabo.g-ue Pond, see Ponds. 

Prentice. Amos 162 

Price. Kate 126 

Benj 156 

John 213 

T L 22 4 

Prime,' Na'th. 's.' '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. 156-178 

Printins", Sa? H 163 

Prior, Elisha 156-188 

Prior's Shipyard 237 

Proprietors 63-97-248 

Providence 44 

Prudent 3<t4 

Pye Cant 125 / 

Wm. C 398 ' 

Quail 17 

Quarter Courts 99 

Ouayle, 238 

Ouinn. John 398 

Ouiripis 56 

Ouos-ue, 42-207-208-215-231-2^8 

Raccoons 18-27 

Raftertv. John 399 

Railroad 216-217-218-251 

Ramillies ..191 et seq. -195-197 

Ram Island ?'i 

Ramsey James 265 

Ranker i^n 

Raymond. Silas 200 

Raynor, Thurston, 15-47-71- 

84-100 
Joseph, 90-231-276-27S-2"9- 

281-283 
Josiah 134-312 



418 INDEX 

George 198 

SyUanus 205 

Isaac 231-232 

John W 398 

Wm. C 398 

Read, Francis ^9 , 

Keaav, .Unties 399 

Reason, Thos 399 

Kedtield, Chas 398 

Henry J i>yn 

Red Hook 19 

Redstone Henry 158 

Reed, Fitch 158 

Reely, Edward 399 

Reeve (Reeves). 

Barnabas F 15 8 

John 308-309 

James i! J 3 

Peter 366 

Refugees, Revol. ...174 et seq. 

Regan Robt 399 

Regulator 214 

Reid, H. A 398 

Relig-. Fern. Cent. Soc 138 

Remsenburg- 215 

Reney, John 399 

Republican Watchman 16 4 

Rescue, Ammy 309 

Resolution 213 

Revolution 165 et seq. -233 

Reynolds, John 158 

Rhode Island ..125-130-142-173 
Rhodes, Mr., 359-364-370-372-376 

H 375 

Sidney 399 

Rhody, Hug-h 398 

Richard D. Wood 243 

Rich, Lewis 187 

Ricker, James 194 

Reuben 194 

Riker, F 398 

Riley, James 399 

John 399 

Peter 399 

Rine Peter 399 

Ripley, Thos. P 162-204 

314 

"Tom" 351 

Rippere, John 15S 

Riverhead 9-166-216 

Roads 111-114 

Scuttle Hole 6-122 

Brick Kiln 8-148 

Mecox 9-80-85-106-152 

Old Beach 9 

Sagg- St 12 

Ocean 14-84-138-152-22 1 

Paul's Lane 14-85 

Noyac 29 

Main St., Southampton .... 72 

Old Town 72 

Bridge Lane 80-85-86 

Fairfield Lane 80 

Norris Lane 83 

Bay Lane 8 4 

Halsey's Lane 85 

Horse Mill Lane 85 

Job's Lane (B.) 85 

Hampton Road 114 

East Hampton Path . .122-129 

King's Road 122 

Lumber Lane 12 2 

Huntinerton Path 122 

Mitchell's Lane 122 



New Li.'i^ht Lane 138 

Sagg Road 138 

Marchant's Path 140 

Main St., B. H 183 

Main St., Sag H., 147-149- 

152-158-159 
Madison St., Sag- H., 117- 

157-173 

Burke St., Sag H 147 

Washington St., Sag- H...147 
Division St., Sag- H., 147- 

152-158-235-237 
Hampton St., Sag H.. 147-152 

Sagg Road Sag H 148 

East Hampton Rd., Sag- 

H 148 

Glover St., Sag- H., 148-152-217 

Turnpike 216-217 

Bridgehampton Rd., Sag 

H 148 

Wainscott Road 148 

West Water St 148 

Union St.. Sag H 157-1S7 

High St., Sag H 157 

Sage St., Sag- H 157-173 

Henry St., Sag- H 157 

Howard St., Sag H 159 

Corwith Ave B. H 183 

Bridge St., Sag H 217 

Suffolk St., Sag H 234 

Bay St.. Sag H 235 

Roalt Henry 310 

Roanoke, 326-328-330-332- 

334-336-338-340-342-344 

Robert Bruce 237 

Roberts, Robert 158 

Edward P 398 

Roberts, Henrv F 225 

Robins, Sarah 120 

Robin's Island 1-50 

Robinson, Abraham 141 

John G 398 

James T 399 

Geo. G 399 

Floyd 399 

Robinson Crusoe's Id 359 

Rochester 15 

Roe, Thos 399 

Rog-ers, Wm 51-168 

Jonah 8 4-307 

Obadiah 107-308 

Benj 153 

Zephaniah 168-169 

Uriali 169-174-222 

Nathaniel 169 

Chas. S 182 

Capl., 190-314-322-324-326- 
330-3 46-353-332-342-357- 

364-372-374-376 

releg 198 

Chas 220-370 

Mrs. Chas 220 

John 222-288 

Nathan 224 

John T. .' 224-289 

Miss H. J 251 

Wm 289 

Jonathan 289 

• Zachariah 309 

A 326-363-372 

J 364-370-371-372 

Albert 370 

Benj. F 398 

David J 399 



INDEX 



419 



Clias. N 399 

Roland. I eter 120 

Romuliu«, 2'3S-S26-32S-330- 

332-336 

Rn^p. Ro'it 51-228 

John 78 

I dwin 1M-39S 

A. T 153-18S 

Abraham 

1F3-16S-1S7 et s^L\.--::>y 

ISraltbie G Ifii. 

Rami H 20 t 

Rte-hen 2S9 

Pp-n'l A 289 

■Pav'd 30'' 

Martin 309 

Terael 309 

Pa-t 332-310-344-3<6 

F. H ?9S 

Ross, Mr 36 '-366 

Ro gh & Ready ditrt^in-^s. 

370-372-376 
T->o,-nd 'Pond see Fonds. 

Ro-(e. J. . . ; 215 

r>o"land Da-lid W 1F7 

Rowley Cant 340 

Royce, Ca"t., 

233-330-332-338-344-?67 

Rudd, John 399 

Rnsrc. G. B 399 

Ruei-lPR J. ^ 252 

Rushmore S 22 4 

Rr'^'^pll il 

T^'m 8 1-1 82 

Pnmnel 149-310 

Gpo. J ; 223 

John 310 

Rust. R. H 1F8 

PuMirrford. C 223 

Rvf'pr. Cant 336 

Wm. H 398 

Rvlpnd. "^^m 398 

Pvc-pm. W. J 161 

Pa'^'-ath 106 

Sabina, 237-334-335 pt sea.- 

362-365-376-377 

Ppbr'n- Mr 19 

RapHe-n's HoV 22 

Fachem's Neck 30 

Par.'-pmento 36'-?fi6-37<? 

Pacramento Ri->er 362-370 

Sa^a'^o-'ack 12-lS-42-<!0 et 
seq. -113-1 22-1 <n-lJ7-150- 

170-215-299 et seq. 

Sa"-e IMrs. Russell 1 ''9-152-251 

Fbppp-Pr. 152-155-160-195-196 

Ra£re Mill Case 250 

cpoo- Pond, see Ponds. 

f^ae-sr Swamr> 14 

Saar Kar'^or (for mo=!t i*^ems see 
se'-pratp references). 

First mention 147 

T'o-^OTpnliy 147 

R^ttlement 148 Pt spq. 

Fires 157-2''3 

A 1 tack on 193 

Fire ne^t 2''3 

Ar-neduct Co 235* 

Flliot's T^iock 235 

Cotton Mill 2<5 

Gas 2 '5 

T-ahvs» r-pctory 245 

Pasr Harbor Ravinqrs Bank.. 1^7 
St. Albans. Vt 156 



St. Catherine's 352-354-356 

SI. Cliristooher 115 

St. Gcor.ge's Manor 41 

St. Joseph's i.ali. Sajr ii....i;)( 

St. T^Rwrence 316-33 1 

Salem 334 

Salmon. Jonathan II 2 '3 

San De-o 237 

Sand'ord. J. A., & Son.s, Well. 7 
Ezekiel, 64-S4-S6-309-311-31 2 

Zachery 151 

John 169-311 

Nathan 226-312 

Thns 232-"'09-?i2 

Josiah 288-312 

Elias 288-312 

Job 288 

Abraham 28 ;-3l2 

Lewis 289-312 

Benj 2S9-312 

Jeremiah 289 

7acheriah 309-312 

Ze hrn ah 310 

Jonah 312 

Silas 312 

Dai id 312 

William 312 

S*ei)hen 312 

Cart 316 3r2-"3.i 

A. H 360 

36!-37C 

Henry H 399 

Sands 1 omt 18 

Sandwich Ids. 214-35 '-363- 

365-367-378 
Sanford. seo Sand^'ord. 
San Franc'sco 236-337-35J- 

361-363-36 '-37 2-3 73-37 J-37 5 

San Joaquin Riv 362-366 

San Ne\ada 237 

Santa Fe 16 

Sarah & Fsther 332-336 

Sarah Sands 373 

Salterley Cant 162 

Sattorly, Col 187 

Saunders, Wm 29' 

Sa^affe. PTenry A :99 

Sa\iyer John 1S0-i (ji-^sfi 

Saybrook. 4 4-88-172-1 75-i 76-22.' 
Sayre, Job, "6- '^-f 3 9"-228- 
256 - 257 - 259-260-26-'-263- 

26'-?66-28?-286 
Thos. 51-53-97-100-106- 
11-228-256-257-260-264- 

Daniel, 84-132-1 <9-1 50-232-307 

Isaac 114-198-309-318-322 

Nathan 133-307 

Mrs. Ruth 150 

Jo'- n C 1 ."^ 3 

David 162-169-176-289 

Silas t;;/ 

Mathew 169-320 

Francis, 231-276-2Te-2"9- 

2-;i-2^''--^<!6 

Stenhen 190-206 

Li'ther i9.S 

Francis 19''-3'o 

Mrs. M. C 21 • 

TTriah 21 6-r2')-?2'< 

Ma ry P f' 1 7 

John 2"2-?09 

Iphabod 232-H08 

Rufus 249 



420 



INDEX 



James 289-326-330 

Benj 289 

Ethan 309 

Capt.. 316-318-320-322-324- 

328-330 

J 351 

F 316 

Geo 362-374-377 

Jehiel 362 

Spencer. 364-370-372-375- 

377-381 

Halsey 377 

James S 399 

Mathew H 399 

Schafer, C 399 

Schaff, Mr 224 

Schellinger, Wni 153 

Daniel 311-312 

Abraham 310-312 

Stephen 312 

Geo. B 399 

Schieffelin. G. H 252 

Schellinx, Cornelius ...127-300 

William 307 

Schofield, W. E 224 

Schools — 

Southampton, early, 

73-116-221 

South End 222 

North End 222 

Academy .' 223 

High School 251 

Sag: Harbor — 

Pierson Hig-h 251 

Union School .148 

Earliest 158 

"New" lo8 

"Old Yellow" 158 

Academy 158 

Partridge 159 

Hay Ground 221 

Bridgehampton 251 

Schooner l4l 

Schouts Bay 46-48-49 

Scofield, Arnold 158 

Scoit, John 56-77-78-87-308 

Jeckamiah 77-268 

Jeramiah 307 

Scoy Capt 190 

Scutlfc Hole Pond, see Ponds. 

Scuttle Hole 122 

Seabury. L. W 153 

Elizabeth 156 

Sam'l A 163 

Jacob 399 

Seals 16 

Seaman, Rich'd 158 

Tom 244 

Seapoose 14-15-106 

Sears, Geo. H 399 

Sea tiger 18 

Seating in church. 107 et seq. 

Seelye. Robt 66 

Selleck. Major 143-144 

Seponack 30-42-54-114 

Seraph 326-328-330 

Servants 117 

Setauket 232-269 

Sewall, Sam'l l'"6 

Seymour, Chas 125 

Shackelton, T. J 22 4 

Shagwannock 129 

Sharks 18 

Shaw, Thos 78 



Richard 151-307 

Peter H 223 

David 308 

John 3.0 

George 374-381 

Shearer F. E 223 

Sheffield 367 

Shell bed 8 

Shelter Island, 22-29-30-50- 
58-14 8-156-160-179-213-216- 

264-360-364 
Shelter Island (str.) ..214-279 

Shelter Island Sound 1 

Shenandoah 23S 

Shepard. Sam'l 124 

Sherman. Capt 326-332 

Geo. B 399 

Sherrill Hill .153 

David S 399 

Sherry, John 144 

Post & 234-237 

Shiland, Andrew 223 

Shingles 112 

Shinnecock (str.) 214 

Shinnecock Canal 1 

Shinnecock Hills. 

6-10-11-29-31-40-42 

Shinnecock Pt 205-231 

Shipbuilding 9-217-237 

Shipman, Capt 176 

Short, John 399 

Sierra Nevada 237 

Simpson, Thos 123-297 

Wm 297 

Sinckley, Robt 26 4 

Sing, C. B 22 4 

Sisart, Francis 399 

Sisson, Capt 340-342 

Skidmore Sam'l 187 

Henry A 399 

Skinner, Capt 318-346 

Skunks lS-27 

Slate, Capt 326 

S. H 334 

Slaves, Indian 118 et seq. 

Negro ...121-201-212-238-239 
Sleight, H. D. ...9-147-234-236 

Cornelius R 144-18S-192 

Augustus 157 

Wm. R , 157 

Brinley D 164 

Mulford &. see Mulford. 

S. H 328-334 

Sleight's Hill 29-204 

Sloane, John 212 

Smith, Richard, 13-51-78-97- 

100-101-228-232 

Daniel 158-374 

Col 168-169 

Nathaniel 187 

Judah 198 

Wm. F 223 

Sidney K 223 

J. W 225 

J. E. & E 237-344 

Henry 307 

William 307-309 

• Obadiah 307 

Joseph 307-308 

Capt., 318-320-326-328-330- 

332-334-336-339-342-344 

David 340 

Capt. Sylv. P 328 

Edwin S44 

Rev. Mr 362 



D 374-376 

Francis 399 

John C :^99 

Martin 399 

Peter 399 

John C 399 

Geo. W 399 

Smith Corner S6 

Smithlown 192-216 

Smus slin:^ 113 

Snooks, John 399 

Snow Elisha 399 

Snows Ill 

Solomon Islands 243 

Southampton Hospital 252 

South Ferry 30 

South Harbor 229 

Southold, 37-50-65-89-90-91- 
92-1 10-1 12-1 20-1 J 5-1 79-1 S6- 
213-2l6-276-277-279-299- 

300-327-353-360-367 

South Sea 230 

South Seas, 321-329-331-333-337 

Speacer. Daniel 399 

Soeedwell zis 

Speonk ^215 

Spooner. Alden 163-186 

Sprinsfleld 4 4 

Sproull, Alex W . . .156 

Sauires, Henry 1S2-399 

John 307-310 

Abraham 310 

D 314 

Stephen 399 

Geo. P 399 

Edward L 399 

Chas 399 

S. Richards ..'.330-33 4 

S. S. Learned 3 4 4-3 46 

Stafford 354-358 

Stases 214 et seq. 

Stan-ford, Ct 77-143 

Stanborous-h, Jopias 46-47- 
51 - 53 - 59/4-75-80-97-228- 

256-257-259-291-309 

Frances 80 

Alee ■;■ 81 

Pereg^rine 81-i32 

Wm. S 81 

Lewis 289-.310 

Stephen 289 

John ".'.'.'.'.■.".!! !30 9 

James 310-399 

I.=aac 399 

Stanley. Wm !..!.. 399 

Stanton, John . . . 56 

Miss M. E .'.'!.'.'' 20 4 

Oscar p .'.'.'..'.. .'699 

Jos. B [ 399 

Staten Id. S. A. "."..'.'.'!.'' ' '3.^8 

Stearns. Chas 158 

Steen, J 3 40 

Steenwyck J. ....'. 91 

ste^hani, c ;.;.";:399 

Stephens, E. F 8 '-''06 

Thomas 433-231-232-268 

Wm. 169 

Ma.i. Gen is8 

„ caot. .. ::::i9o 

btenhenson, Thos ''V3 

Fdward .... ogy 

Sterry, Ma.i. Robt. " .' 907 

Steuart, Mrs. David. ..' "i" 1^7 
Stevens. Edward . . '399 



INDEX 421 

Hiram 399 

Stevenson, Col 362 

Stints 62 

biui.n.s?. i_arl oJ, 2-!5-48-50- 

261 et seq. -276 

Stockdale, F. B 22 4 

Stocks, Satr H 159 

Stockton Cal 3b2 

Stone fleet 238 

Stoninqton, Ct 175-176 

Stony Island .'.... 1 ' 9 

Storm 237 

Sto'srhton. Capt !...22 

^ Gov .: . . .12 4 

Strafford. Earl of 43 

Stransrers 6 1-98 

Stratford, Ct 66 

Stratton, Rich'd 51-22S 

Daniel 2S9 

Strefts. see Ror.ds. 

Strickland. Wm. P 22' 

Strong-. John 180 

James M 399 

Chas. H ;'99 

Thos. H 399 

Sturmy. Chas ■.. 78 

Submarine war ....19! et seq. 

Siccess 233-31 4 

Suffolk Co. Com. Corres. . . .166 
Suffolk County Herald .... 1 63 
Sufolk Corn'y Recorder ...163 

Suffolk Garette 163 

Suffar Loaf ?05 

Sulk's Neck ,, , 235 

Sullen Foine ......2Sb 

Sumatra !.295 

Sunderland Mathew .'.'261-265 

Sunset Roc.«: 22 

Superior . . .233-2 l3-332-33'6-33S 

Surinam 142 

Susan '. . J?'< fls 'fi 

Suv arrow Id 23''-''^9 

Swpnn. J. A .'.'.' 2' 4 

Sweary Math 'as ! ! ! !309 

Sweeney, Capt. 326-.'^28-332- 

33S-379-381 

John STi 

Sweey, R. M .'..'' ."399 

gy.dney 367 

Sykes, Oliver 1 ss 

Sylph 205 

gylPh ". ;..362 

•Sylve, Joseph 399 

Sylvester, Giles ... ' ' " ' 58 
Sylveria. Wm. W. ...... ...299 

Sythes, Wm 309 

Symonds, Henry ....'. 51 

B 141-147 

Svthea, Wm. . . . 399 

Taber, J. M '.".'. 338-3 4 4 

^a'""! 3)0 

Talkhouse Stephen ... . 21 

Tasrg-er. David ' '310 

Talmas^e (Talmadpe). 

Thos 51-97-118-228 

Shoball 11C! 

Jeremiah ............ ...19H 

Robert .'.'.!.' !2''8 

Stenhrn .'...'.'.'. .2"^' 

Daniel ..2!^9 

John ' . .' ?in 

Wm. H opq 

Tarbell. Wm ."' n 

Jonah ! 311 

Nathan ..SIO 



422 ^^^^^ 

Tate, Capt. Henry 124 

Taverns, see Inns. 

Taylor Joseph •„•„•;;? 

John ^3-156 

Wm. A 224 

"PfitPr ......*•••••■• ovo 

Ed c/:::: 399 

Thos. G 399 

Telegraph 238-322-324 

Temperance See. Sag H...157 

Tennant, Gilbert 138 

Tennessee 370-372-373 

Terbell, Jason M 144 

Terrell, L 399 

Terry, Thos 47-259 

Noah 187-189 

Joseph 191-192-196 

Robert 267 

James 288-312 

Capt 342 

Jesse A 399 

James B 399 

Tew. Capt 134 

Thames, 237-320-322-324-326-328 

Thames II ^30-332-336 

Thatford, H. C 399 

Thomas, Noble W 158 

Dr. T. G 252 

Thomas Dickason, 238-326- 

328-330-334 

Thomas Nelson 318 

Thompson. Gordon 158 

E. J 180 

Geo. L 224 

W. F 399 

Thorn, „„„ 

2 40-318-320-322-32 4-326-328 

Three Mile Harbor, 29-194-196 

Tienhoven, C. von 49 

Tiffany & Halsey. 234-336-338 

& Bennett 334 

Timor, 238-332-334-336-340- 

342-344 

Tinker, Chas. W 399 

Tobacco 27-84-144 

Todds, Henry 399 

Toll Bridges 216-217 

Toll houses 148-216-217 

Toll Roads 216-217 

Tompkins, Gov 192-194 

James 399 

Tomson, Thos 51-228 

Tooker. George S 238 

W. W 2 44 

Topping, Thos. 12-15-59-66- 
71-74-79-81-85-87-88-89- 

100-107-176-308-312 

John 81-278-279-281 

L. Page 82 

Elnathan 86-268 

Josiah 126-150-232-309 

Stephen 129-232-288-309 

C. H 153 

A. E 153 

& Hildreth 153 

Nathan 153 

Ethan 153-289 

Jesse 153 

George 153 

Edward, 

168-169-182-289-310-312 

Joseph 177-288 

Henry 198-289 

Charles 198-288 



J H 206-224 

Stephen S 213 

Hexekiah ^^^ 

Richd S 239-240 

Paul 250 

Zephaniah ^°° 

Silas 288 

David ^°° 

Silvanus . ^88-289 

Abraham ^°° 

Mathew f°^ 

Daniel •'l^ 

Capt. . .' 316-324-326-328 

Wm. Owen 399 

E. D 324 

Wm. 374-377 

M H. 399 

Edward 399 

Alberts 399 

James R ^^q 

Tority, Arthur 268 

Towd -42 

Town bull • • • 111 

Town Clerk ...-..• 98-101 

Town meeting 96 et seq. 

Townsend, F. L 224 

Townsmen 100-1U9 

Trades 64-115-118 

Training, see Watch and "Ward. 

Treasury Id 243 

Triad, 322-324-326-328-330- 

332-336 
Triansrular Common, 

Bridgehamp'ton .133-206-224 

Trinity diggings ro'ol? 

Trippett, John 158-^24 

Tristan d'Acunha ..322-325-349 
Trustees of Common Land. 

249-283 ot seii. 

Trvon, Gov 170-173 

TuUy. Walter 399 

Tuntaridge. Eng 80 

Tunison Auram 244 

Tupper, Capt 320 

Turf and twig .37 

Turkey Hill ...147-148-192-204 

Turkeys J J 

Turtles 2< 

Tuscany, 

332-334-336-338-340-342 

Tuthill, Silas 86 

James 326-328 

Ira B.. 326-328-330-332- 

334-336-340 

Capt 328 

Tuttle, John A 399 

Geo. H 399 

Wm. J 399 

Noah P 399 

Cyrus L 399 

Twyeffort. E 84 

Uber (Cal.) 372-374-375-376 

Underbill, John 144 

Unicorns 17 

Union, 160-318-320-322-3 44-346 
United Colonies, see New 
Eng. Confed. 

Upola 244 

Utly, Jeremiah 310 

Vail. Abraham 154 

John 187 

D. T 330 

Capt. 334 

Vanderbilt's route 382 



INDEX 



423 



Van Houten "Prof." 219 

James A :^99 

Vanner, James 297 

Van Ness. Adolnhus 399 

Van Scoy. Isaac 363 

Vaughn, Clothier H 144 

Vernon, Secretary 124 

Victory 237 

Village Hall, So. H 137 

Say H . 15S 

Village Imn. Soc, So. H 252 

Voting 97-99 

Wade, Nath 115 

Oliver R. ...235-237-346-348 

Benj 237 

& Brown 237-344-346 

Ebenezer 310 

Jared 334 

Capt 342-344 

Chas. B 399 

Wading Place 9-S6 

Wading River 41 

Wadley, F. J 399 

Joseph 399 

Wagner John P 158 

Wainscott .186-199-268-279-350 
Wainscott Pond, see Foias. 

Wake. Wm 223-224 

Wales, Salem H ?' ". 

Walker, Wm. P 225 

Moses .' • 

Richard 265 

John H .00 

Wallace, Thomas 377-381 

Walsh, Nicholas 3 99 

Walters, Robert 120 

Walton, Henry, 46-47-256- 

257-259-260-264-266 
Wamoum, seo Indians. 

Wanns, Alfred 400 

War of 1812, 1S5 et seq.-205- 

216-233 

Ward Francis 158 

James M 347 

Ware, Jacob 3o» 

Geo. W 4 00 

Wareham, Mass 325 

Warner. S. W 399 

S. W 399 

Thos 399 

Wm. H 399 

Warren 316-318 

Warren, Mr. 363-361-373-375-376 

Thomas 376 

Timothy 399 

W^arriner, E 158 

Vv^ashington. 238-316-322-32 4- 
326-328-330-332-334-336- 

338-340-342-346-363-372 

Watch and ward 68-7 8-107 

Water Mill 14-74-122-215 

Waters, Anthony 230 

Waxworks 203 

Weather Gauge 237-238 

Webb, Silas 310 

Job 399 

Webster, Daniel '..JiS 

W. R 223 

Weeckatuck 4 2 

Weed, Levi S 223 

Geo. A 399 

Weeks Theodorus 187 

219 

Capt 332-3)0 

D 336-338 



George 400 

Welbe, Geo., 46-47-48-53-256- 

257-259-261-264-266 

W^elch, James 399 

Weld, Capt., 334-338-340-342-3 16 

Welling. Thos 196 

Wells, Wm 89 

& Carpenter 312-344 

Morgan L 4 00 

Wfntworth Meadow ....147-148 

Werden, Sir John 146 

Wesley, Stephen 310 

Westby, John 298 

Westfall, Capt 336 

Westhampton, 

86-215-248-376-377-379 

West Hartford. Ct 22 4 

West Indies, 

141-142-143-152-186 
Westminster, treaty of ..65-92 

Wethersfleld Ct 44-81-175 

W. F. Saftord 344 

Whaleboats 178-179 

Whales 16-59 

Whaling, 

90-151-160-227 et seq.-247 
Wharves, Sag Harbor, 

151-234-235 

Whedon, J. S 158 

Wheeler, Thos SI 

Alee 81 

E S . . . . . 157 

Johii ".'. ". '. '. '. '. '. '.'.'.'.'2Y0-268-27I 

Whipping post, Sag H 159 

White, John, 15-51-97-100- 

169-178-228-378 
E'bene;;er, 64-86-138-153- 

288-2S9-299 

Capt. Geo 72 

Henry 135-224 

Silas 135-2f;9 

SiUanus 137 

Mr 150 

& Hedges 201 

Nathan 205 

Ephraim 205-308 

Mrs. E. P 206-211 

Mrs. Hubert 206 

Charles 206 

Father " 225 

John 289-292 

James 309 

Elnathan 309 

Capt 334-342-344 

Wm.. 353-366-370-37 4-376-378 

Edward 357 

Edward H 366 

S 367-372-373 

Geo 376-381 

Peter 400 

Hurburt A 400 

Whitefield, Geo 138 

Whitehone, Thos 267 

■\\'liitelv. Isaac 310 

Whitesides. Wm 12 1-296 

Whiting, Joseph 73-137 

Benj 308 

Wliitney, Chas 399 

Geo 4 00 

Whittingham, Rich'd 225 

Whittle. Peter 3 99 

Wick, John, 

61-120-13] et sea. -218 

Temperance 133 

Lemuel 134-169 



424 



INDEX 



Job 3U9 

Wm. H 400 

Wickapogue 42-205-208-231-248 

Wickford 335 

Wickham, Josenh 64-307 

Col. Isaac. 187-188-189-190- 

193-198 
Wiggins & Parsons^. 

326-328-330-332-334-336 
Wiggins, Parsons, & Cook, 

334-338 

Wigwagonock 42 

Wilber, Capt. Robt. N., 

326-328-330 

Wild cats 18 

Wiley, henry J lOO 

Wilkins, A. M 224 

Wilkinson, J. H 400 

William Capt 328 

Williams, Joshua 1^7 

Capt. 247 

Rev. Mr 366-368 

Harry ..399 

Wm. F 399 

Williamson, Wm. M 400 

Ed. J 400 

William Tell, 

238-332-336-338-340-342-344 

Willing-, Mathias E 223 

Willis. Chas 400 

Wm 400 

Willman. Isaac 15 

Wills, \\ m 51 

Wilmot, Alexander 133-309 

Walter 135 

Wilson (Master) 145 

150 

Clarence H 156 

Hug-h N 223 

W. C 22 4 

Wind Mill Hill 133 

Windsor 4 J 

W'ines, Barnabas 307 

Hiram W 399 

Winslow, P. C 383 

Winters, Capt 330-344 

1 334 

p 336 

Jones 338-340 

Geo. W. ■ 400 

Wm. S 400 

Winthrop Gov. 

■ 88-91-126-261-262-263 

John. Jr 75-91-1 1' 

Fitz. J 91 

Wiscasset 330-3ai 

Witherly Joe 123-126-297 

Wolf Creek 373 

Wolle, Joseph 308 

Amos 308 

John 308 

Wolves 18 

Women's Miss. Soc. B. H...138 
Wood Jonas, 17-58-74-78-79-101 

Geo 51-22S 

E. W. B 158 

Rich'd 231 

Jacob 309 

Woodbridge. Mr 362-368 

Woodhull, John 187 

Woodruff, David 288 

Benj ?"« 

Silas ...289 

Elias 2Sii 

Daniel 289 



Jesse 289 

Samuel 308 

Isaac 30S 

Nathaniel 309 

John 312 

Capt 336-33S 

Wooas. David 399 

Woods 12-13 

Woodward, Capt 326-'-!2S 

Altred 399 

Woolworth, Aaron, 10 4-138- 

219-287 et seq. 
Woolworth Agreement see 
Agreements. 

Wooster. Gen 167 

Worth, T. 206 

J. 221 

T. B., 328-330-332-334-336-338 

Worthington, E. D 399 

Wrecks — - 

Circassian 25-247 

Sylph 205 et seq. 

Gunpowder Ship 207 

Helen 207 

Lucy Ellen 207 

Susan 207 

Louis Phillippe 207 

Ashland 208 

Robert 208 

Solicitor . .208 

Money Ship 208 et seq. 

Sugar Ship 208 

Lumber Ship 208 

Hattie C. White 208 

Emily B. Souder 208 

Mesopotomi 20 8 

Mary Rich 208-2 18 

Wm. Creevy 208 

Alexander Lavalley ..218-253 

Frederick 2 48 

Annie C. Cook 248 

Loretta Fish 2 48 

Lizzie 218 

Walter B. Chester 2 48 

Daylight 248 

Europa 2 48 

Hattie A. White 248 

Benj. B. Church 2 48 

Panther 24S 

Lykens Valley 248-253 

Jolin K. Souther 248 

Otto .2 48 

Nahum Chapin 2 48 

Augustus Hunt 248 

Geo. ^ Jenkins 248 

Clan Galbraith 248 

Wright, Daniel 1.^8 

Nathan H 399 

W. W. Coit 214 

Wyandanch, 21-22-37-69-70- 

78-230 

Wynch. Michael 4 30 

Xenophon . .322-321-326-328-330 

Yeamans, Ebenezer 310 

York, Duke of 88-89 

"Yorkshire'' 89-279-281 

Youghco 22 

Young and Youngs, 

John gi-92-1'67 

Christopher 307 

David 328 

Capt 330-3 4 2 

John F 4 00 

Zachery's Point 151 

Zanzibar 233 



